1
|
Hoard DJ, Sutar Y, Demchenko AV. Direct Synthesis of Glycosyl Chlorides from Thioglycosides. J Org Chem 2024; 89:6865-6876. [PMID: 38669055 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c00244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Reported herein is a new method for the direct synthesis of glycosyl chlorides from thioglycosides using sulfuryl chloride at rt. A variety of thioglycosides and thioimidates could be used as substrates. Both acid- and base-sensitive protecting groups were found compatible with these reaction conditions. Preliminary investigation of the reaction mechanism indicates chlorination of the leaving group at the anomeric sulfur as the key step of the reaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Hoard
- Department of Chemistry, Saint Louis University, 3501 Laclede Ave, St. Louis, Missouri 63103, United States
| | - Yogesh Sutar
- Department of Chemistry, Saint Louis University, 3501 Laclede Ave, St. Louis, Missouri 63103, United States
| | - Alexei V Demchenko
- Department of Chemistry, Saint Louis University, 3501 Laclede Ave, St. Louis, Missouri 63103, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sletten ET, Fittolani G, Hribernik N, Dal Colle MCS, Seeberger PH, Delbianco M. Phosphates as Assisting Groups in Glycan Synthesis. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2024; 10:138-142. [PMID: 38292611 PMCID: PMC10823511 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.3c00896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
In nature, phosphates are added to and cleaved from molecules to direct biological pathways. The concept was adapted to overcome limitations in the chemical synthesis of complex oligosaccharides. Phosphates were chemically placed on synthetic glycans to ensure site-specific enzymatic elongation by sialylation. In addition, the deliberate placement of phosphates helped to solubilize and isolate aggregating glycans. Upon traceless removal of the phosphates by enzymatic treatment with alkaline phosphatase, the native glycan structure was revealed, and the assembly of glycan nanostructures was triggered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eric T. Sletten
- Department
of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute
of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Giulio Fittolani
- Department
of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute
of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Nives Hribernik
- Department
of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute
of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Marlene C. S. Dal Colle
- Department
of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute
of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität
Berlin, Arnimallee 22, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Peter H. Seeberger
- Department
of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute
of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität
Berlin, Arnimallee 22, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Martina Delbianco
- Department
of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute
of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Rutkoski R, Arguelles AJ, Huang Q, Nagorny P. Development of Recyclable Polystyrene-Supported Phosphonic Acid Resins for Carbohydrate Immobilization and Glycosylation. J Org Chem 2023; 88:16467-16484. [PMID: 37944478 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
This article describes the development of a recyclable polystyrene-based phosphonic acid resin and its use for the synthesis of immobilized glycosyl phosphonate donors and subsequent glycosylation reaction. This solid support was generated on a decagram scale from the commercially available Merrifield resin and subsequently functionalized via two different methods into eight different glycosylphosphonates. The resultant glycosylphosphonate-containing resins were obtained in 59-96% yields and were found to be bench-stable at room temperature. These donors could be activated using trifluoroborane etherate at 80 °C to react with various alcohol- and thiol-based acceptors to provide 17 different glycosides in good-to-excellent yields (53-98%). In addition, it was demonstrated that glycosylated resin could be recovered and recycled multiple times to regenerate immobilized glycosylphosphonate donors and could be subjected to on-resin glycan elongation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Rutkoski
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Alonso J Arguelles
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Qingqin Huang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Pavel Nagorny
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Abstract
The structural complexity of glycans poses a serious challenge in the chemical synthesis of glycosides, oligosaccharides and glycoconjugates. Glycan complexity, determined by composition, connectivity, and configuration far exceeds what nature achieves with nucleic acids and proteins. Consequently, glycoside synthesis ranks among the most complex tasks in organic synthesis, despite involving only a simple type of bond-forming reaction. Here, we introduce the fundamental principles of glycoside bond formation and summarize recent advances in glycoside bond formation and oligosaccharide synthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Conor J Crawford
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute for Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany.
| | - Peter H Seeberger
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute for Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany.
- Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 22, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Pongener I, Miller GJ. d-Glucuronate and d-Glucuronate Glycal Acceptors for the Scalable Synthesis of d-GlcN-α-1,4-d-GlcA Disaccharides and Modular Assembly of Heparan Sulfate. J Org Chem 2023; 88:11130-11139. [PMID: 37458063 PMCID: PMC10407932 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Reported herein is a scalable chemical synthesis of disaccharide building blocks for heparan sulfate (HS) oligosaccharide assembly. The use of d-glucuronate-based acceptors for dehydrative glycosylation with d-glucosamine partners is explored, enabling diastereoselective synthesis of appropriately protected HS disaccharide building blocks (d-GlcN-α-1,4-d-GlcA) on a multigram scale. Isolation and characterization of key donor (1,2 glycal)- and acceptor (ortho-ester, anhydro)-derived side products ensure methodology improvements to reduce their formation; protecting the d-glucuronate acceptor at the anomeric position with a para-methoxyphenyl unit proves optimal. We also introduce glycal uronate acceptors, showing them to be comparative in reactivity to their pyranuronate counterparts. Taken together, this gram-scale access offers the capability to explore the iterative assembly of defined HS sequences containing the d-GlcN-α-1,4-d-GlcA repeat, highlighted by completing this for two tetrasaccharide syntheses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Imlirenla Pongener
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences
& Centre for Glycoscience, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire ST5 5BG, U.K.
| | - Gavin J. Miller
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences
& Centre for Glycoscience, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire ST5 5BG, U.K.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Singh Y, Geringer SA, Demchenko AV. Synthesis and Glycosidation of Anomeric Halides: Evolution from Early Studies to Modern Methods of the 21st Century. Chem Rev 2022; 122:11701-11758. [PMID: 35675037 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Advances in synthetic carbohydrate chemistry have dramatically improved access to common glycans. However, many novel methods still fail to adequately address challenges associated with chemical glycosylation and glycan synthesis. Since a challenge of glycosylation has remained, scientists have been frequently returning to the traditional glycosyl donors. This review is dedicated to glycosyl halides that have played crucial roles in shaping the field of glycosciences and continue to pave the way toward our understanding of chemical glycosylation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yashapal Singh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri-St. Louis, One University Boulevard, St. Louis, Missouri 63121, United States
| | - Scott A Geringer
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri-St. Louis, One University Boulevard, St. Louis, Missouri 63121, United States
| | - Alexei V Demchenko
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri-St. Louis, One University Boulevard, St. Louis, Missouri 63121, United States.,Department of Chemistry, Saint Louis University, 3501 Laclede Avenue, St. Louis, Missouri 63103, United States
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Javed, Khanam A, Mandal PK. Glycosyl 3-Phenyl-4-pentenoates as Versatile Glycosyl Donors: Reactivity and Their Application in One-Pot Oligosaccharide Assemblies. J Org Chem 2022; 87:6710-6729. [PMID: 35522927 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Both glycoconjugates and oligosaccharides are important biomolecules having significant roles in several biological processes, and a new strategy for their synthesis is crucial. Here, we report a versatile N-iodosuccinimide/trimethylsilyl triflate (NIS/TMSOTf) promoted glycosidation approach with shelf-stable 3-phenyl-4-pentenoate glycosyl as a donor for the efficient synthesis of O/C-glycosides with free alcohols, silylated alcohols, and C-type nucleophile acceptors in good to excellent yields. The mild activation conditions and outstanding reactivity of phenyl substituted pentenoate donors analogous to 4-pentenoate glycosyl donors enhance their applicability to various one-pot strategies for the synthesis of oligosaccharides, such as single-catalyst one-pot and acceptor reactivity-controlled one-pot strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Javed
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR─Central Drug Research Institute, BS-10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, P.O. Box 173, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Ariza Khanam
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR─Central Drug Research Institute, BS-10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, P.O. Box 173, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Pintu Kumar Mandal
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR─Central Drug Research Institute, BS-10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, P.O. Box 173, Lucknow 226031, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Stereoselective gold(I)-catalyzed approach to the synthesis of complex α-glycosyl phosphosaccharides. Nat Commun 2022; 13:421. [PMID: 35058448 PMCID: PMC8776814 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28025-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractGlycosyl phosphosaccharides represent a large and important family of complex glycans. Due to the distinct nature of these complex molecules, efficient approaches to access glycosyl phosphosaccharides are still in great demand. Here, we disclose a highly efficient and stereoselective approach to the synthesis of biologically important and complex α-glycosyl phosphosaccharides, employing direct gold(I)-catalyzed glycosylation of the weakly nucleophilic phosphoric acid acceptors. In this work, the broad substrate scope is demonstrated with more than 45 examples, including glucose, xylose, glucuronate, galactose, mannose, rhamnose, fucose, 2-N3-2-deoxymannose, 2-N3-2-deoxyglucose, 2-N3-2-deoxygalactose and unnatural carbohydrates. Here, we show the glycosyl phosphotriester prepared herein was successfully applied to the one-pot synthesis of a phosphosaccharide from Leishmania donovani, and an effective preparation of a trisaccharide diphosphate of phosphosaccharide fragments from Hansenula capsulate via iterative elongation strategy is realized.
Collapse
|
9
|
Malik A, Seeberger PH, Varón Silva D. Advances in the Chemical Synthesis of Carbohydrates and Glycoconjugates. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 175:201-230. [PMID: 33188456 DOI: 10.1007/10_2020_150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Carbohydrates are functional and structural biomolecules with structures ranging from monosaccharides to polysaccharides. They are naturally found as pure glycans or attached to lipids and proteins forming glycoconjugates. The biosynthesis of carbohydrates is not genetically controlled. The regulation takes place by the expression of enzymes that transfer and hydrolyze the glycan units, leading to glycocojugates having complex mixtures of glycan structures. Chemical synthesis emerged as the best strategy to obtain defined glycan and glycoconjugates and overcome the challenging purification processes. Here, we review the recent advances in the synthesis of oligosaccharides using manual and automated methods. The chapter covers the methods for the preparation of building blocks and control of stereoselectivity and regioselectivity during glycosylations. Finally, it also presents the strategies to obtain natural and non-natural glycoconjugates with lipids and proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Malik
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Biomolecular Systems, Potsdam, Germany.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Peter H Seeberger
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Biomolecular Systems, Potsdam, Germany.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniel Varón Silva
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Biomolecular Systems, Potsdam, Germany. .,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Sletten ET, Danglad-Flores J, Nuño M, Guthrie D, Seeberger PH. Automated Glycan Assembly in a Variable-Bed Flow Reactor Provides Insights into Oligosaccharide-Resin Interactions. Org Lett 2020; 22:4213-4216. [PMID: 32396006 PMCID: PMC7281783 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c01264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
A pressure-based variable-bed flow reactor built for peptide synthesis and capable of real-time monitoring of resin swelling was adapted for automated glycan assembly. In the context of the solid-phase synthesis of several oligosaccharides, the coupling efficiencies, resin growth patterns, and saccharide solvation during the synthesis were determined. The presented work provides the first estimation of on-resin oligosaccharide solvation and an alternative technique to UV-vis monitoring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eric T Sletten
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - José Danglad-Flores
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Manuel Nuño
- Vapourtec, Ltd., Park Farm Business Centre, Fornham St. Genevieve, Bury St. Edmunds, Suffolk IP28 6TS, United Kingdom
| | - Duncan Guthrie
- Vapourtec, Ltd., Park Farm Business Centre, Fornham St. Genevieve, Bury St. Edmunds, Suffolk IP28 6TS, United Kingdom
| | - Peter H Seeberger
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimalle 22, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Shipton ML, Riley AM, Rossi AM, Brearley CA, Taylor CW, Potter BVL. Both d- and l-Glucose Polyphosphates Mimic d- myo-Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate: New Synthetic Agonists and Partial Agonists at the Ins(1,4,5)P 3 Receptor. J Med Chem 2020; 63:5442-5457. [PMID: 32286062 PMCID: PMC7260056 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Chiral sugar derivatives are potential
cyclitol surrogates of the
Ca2+-mobilizing intracellular messenger d-myo-inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate [Ins(1,4,5)P3]. Six novel polyphosphorylated analogues derived from both d- and l-glucose were synthesized. Binding to Ins(1,4,5)P3 receptors [Ins(1,4,5)P3R] and the ability to release
Ca2+ from intracellular stores via type 1 Ins(1,4,5)P3Rs were investigated. β-d-Glucopyranosyl 1,3,4-tris-phosphate,
with similar phosphate regiochemistry and stereochemistry to Ins(1,4,5)P3, and α-d-glucopyranosyl 1,3,4-tris-phosphate
are full agonists, being equipotent and 23-fold less potent than Ins(1,4,5)P3, respectively, in Ca2+-release assays and similar
to Ins(1,4,5)P3 and 15-fold weaker in binding assays. They
can be viewed as truncated analogues of adenophostin A and refine
understanding of structure-activity relationships for this Ins(1,4,5)P3R agonist. l-Glucose-derived ligands, methyl α-l-glucopyranoside 2,3,6-trisphosphate and methyl α-l-glucopyranoside 2,4,6-trisphosphate, are also active, while
their corresponding d-enantiomers, methyl α-d-glucopyranoside 2,3,6-trisphosphate and methyl α-d-glucopyranoside 2,4,6-trisphosphate, are inactive. Interestingly,
both l-glucose-derived ligands are partial agonists: they
are among the least efficacious agonists of Ins(1,4,5)P3R yet identified, providing new leads for antagonist development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Megan L Shipton
- Drug Discovery & Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3QT, U. K
| | - Andrew M Riley
- Drug Discovery & Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3QT, U. K
| | - Ana M Rossi
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1PD, U. K
| | - Charles A Brearley
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, U. K
| | - Colin W Taylor
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1PD, U. K
| | - Barry V L Potter
- Drug Discovery & Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3QT, U. K
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Franceus J, Desmet T. Sucrose Phosphorylase and Related Enzymes in Glycoside Hydrolase Family 13: Discovery, Application and Engineering. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E2526. [PMID: 32260541 PMCID: PMC7178133 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Sucrose phosphorylases are carbohydrate-active enzymes with outstanding potential for the biocatalytic conversion of common table sugar into products with attractive properties. They belong to the glycoside hydrolase family GH13, where they are found in subfamily 18. In bacteria, these enzymes catalyse the phosphorolysis of sucrose to yield α-glucose 1-phosphate and fructose. However, sucrose phosphorylases can also be applied as versatile transglucosylases for the synthesis of valuable glycosides and sugars because their broad promiscuity allows them to transfer the glucosyl group of sucrose to a diverse collection of compounds other than phosphate. Numerous process and enzyme engineering studies have expanded the range of possible applications of sucrose phosphorylases ever further. Moreover, it has recently been discovered that family GH13 also contains a few novel phosphorylases that are specialised in the phosphorolysis of sucrose 6F-phosphate, glucosylglycerol or glucosylglycerate. In this review, we provide an overview of the progress that has been made in our understanding and exploitation of sucrose phosphorylases and related enzymes over the past ten years.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Tom Desmet
- Centre for Synthetic Biology (CSB), Department of Biotechnology, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium;
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Mayfield AB, Metternich JB, Trotta AH, Jacobsen EN. Stereospecific Furanosylations Catalyzed by Bis-thiourea Hydrogen-Bond Donors. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:4061-4069. [PMID: 32013410 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c00335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
We report a new method for stereoselective O-furanosylation reactions promoted by a precisely tailored bis-thiourea hydrogen-bond-donor catalyst. Furanosyl donors outfitted with an anomeric dialkylphosphate leaving group undergo substitution with high anomeric selectivity, providing access to the challenging 1,2-cis substitution pattern with a range of alcohol acceptors. A variety of stereochemically distinct, benzyl-protected glycosyl donors were engaged successfully as substrates. Mechanistic studies support a stereospecific mechanism in which rate-determining substitution occurs from a catalyst-donor resting-state complex.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew B Mayfield
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology , Harvard University , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02138 , United States
| | - Jan B Metternich
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology , Harvard University , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02138 , United States
| | - Adam H Trotta
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology , Harvard University , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02138 , United States
| | - Eric N Jacobsen
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology , Harvard University , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02138 , United States
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Shaw M, Thakur R, Kumar A. Gold(III)-Catalyzed Glycosylation using Phenylpropiolate Glycosides: Phenylpropiolic Acid, An Easily Separable and Reusable Leaving Group. J Org Chem 2019; 84:589-605. [PMID: 30569713 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b02422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
An efficient and operationally simple gold(III)-catalyzed glycosylation protocol was developed using newly synthesized benchtop stable phenylpropiolate glycosyl (PPG) donors. Gold(III)-catalyzed activation of PPGs proceeds well with various carbohydrate and noncarbohydrate-based glycosyl acceptors and leads to their corresponding O/ N-glycosides in good to excellent yields with regeneration of reusable and easily separable phenylpropiolic acid. Differentially protected PPGs reacted well under the optimized reaction conditions. In particular, good anomeric selectivity was observed with mannosyl and rhamnosyl PPG donors. A preliminary mechanistic study reveals that the presence of a triple bond adjacent to the ester group is essential for activation, and PPG-based donor shows higher reactivity than analogous acetate and benzoate donors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mukta Shaw
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology Patna , Bihta 801106 , Bihar , India
| | - Rima Thakur
- Department of Chemistry , National Institute of Technology Patna , Patna 800005 , Bihar , India
| | - Amit Kumar
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology Patna , Bihta 801106 , Bihar , India
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Keenan T, Mills R, Pocock E, Budhadev D, Parmeggiani F, Flitsch S, Fascione M. The characterisation of a galactokinase from Streptomyces coelicolor. Carbohydr Res 2019; 472:132-137. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2018.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
|
16
|
Dey S, Bajaj SO, Tsai TI, Lo HJ, Wu K, Wong CH. Synthesis of Modular Building Blocks using Glycosyl Phosphate Donors for the Construction of Asymmetric N-Glycans. Tetrahedron 2018; 74:6003-6011. [PMID: 30983640 PMCID: PMC6456066 DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2018.08.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Glycosyl phosphates are known as versatile donors for the synthesis of complex oligosaccharides both chemically and enzymatically. Herein, we report the stereoselective construction of modular building blocks for the synthesis of N-glycan using glycosyl phosphates as donors. We have synthesized four trisaccharide building blocks with orthogonal protecting groups, namely, Manβ2GlcNAc(OAc)3β6GlcNAc (9), Manβ2GlcNAc-β6GlcNAc(OAc)3 (15), Manβ2GlcNAc(OAc)3β4GlcNAc (18) and Manβ2GlcNAcβ4GlcNAc(OAc) (22) for further selective elongation using glycosyltransferases. The glycosylation reaction using glycosyl phosphate was found to be high yielding with shorter reaction time. Initially, The phthalimide protected glucosamine donor was exploited to ensure the formation of β-glycosidic linkage and later converted to the N-acetyl group before the enzymatic synthesis. The selective deprotection of O-benzyl group was performed prior to enzymatic synthesis to avoid its negative interference.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Supriya Dey
- The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Rd., La Jolla, CA, USA, 92037
| | - Sumit O Bajaj
- The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Rd., La Jolla, CA, USA, 92037
- Corden Pharma Colorado Inc., 2075 55 Street, Boulder, CO, USA, 80301
| | - Tsung-I Tsai
- The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Rd., La Jolla, CA, USA, 92037
| | - Hong-Jay Lo
- The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Rd., La Jolla, CA, USA, 92037
| | - Kevin Wu
- The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Rd., La Jolla, CA, USA, 92037
| | - Chi-Huey Wong
- The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Rd., La Jolla, CA, USA, 92037
- The Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, No. 128, Academia Rd., Section 2, Nankang District, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Panza M, Pistorio SG, Stine KJ, Demchenko AV. Automated Chemical Oligosaccharide Synthesis: Novel Approach to Traditional Challenges. Chem Rev 2018; 118:8105-8150. [PMID: 29953217 PMCID: PMC6522228 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 213] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Advances in carbohydrate chemistry have certainly made common oligosaccharides much more accessible. However, many current methods still rely heavily upon specialized knowledge of carbohydrate chemistry. The application of automated technologies to chemical and life science applications such as genomics and proteomics represents a vibrant field. These automated technologies also present opportunities for their application to organic synthesis, including that of the synthesis of oligosaccharides. However, application of automated methods to the synthesis of carbohydrates is an underdeveloped area as compared to other classes of biomolecules. The overarching goal of this review article is to present the advances that have been made at the interface of carbohydrate chemistry and automated technology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Panza
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri–St. Louis, One University Boulevard, St. Louis, Missouri 63121, United States
| | - Salvatore G. Pistorio
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri–St. Louis, One University Boulevard, St. Louis, Missouri 63121, United States
| | - Keith J. Stine
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri–St. Louis, One University Boulevard, St. Louis, Missouri 63121, United States
| | - Alexei V. Demchenko
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri–St. Louis, One University Boulevard, St. Louis, Missouri 63121, United States
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Martin Nielsen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Kulkarni SS, Wang CC, Sabbavarapu NM, Podilapu AR, Liao PH, Hung SC. "One-Pot" Protection, Glycosylation, and Protection-Glycosylation Strategies of Carbohydrates. Chem Rev 2018; 118:8025-8104. [PMID: 29870239 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 197] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Carbohydrates, which are ubiquitously distributed throughout the three domains of life, play significant roles in a variety of vital biological processes. Access to unique and homogeneous carbohydrate materials is important to understand their physical properties, biological functions, and disease-related features. It is difficult to isolate carbohydrates in acceptable purity and amounts from natural sources. Therefore, complex saccharides with well-defined structures are often most conviently accessed through chemical syntheses. Two major hurdles, regioselective protection and stereoselective glycosylation, are faced by carbohydrate chemists in synthesizing these highly complicated molecules. Over the past few years, there has been a radical change in tackling these problems and speeding up the synthesis of oligosaccharides. This is largely due to the development of one-pot protection, one-pot glycosylation, and one-pot protection-glycosylation protocols and streamlined approaches to orthogonally protected building blocks, including those from rare sugars, that can be used in glycan coupling. In addition, new automated strategies for oligosaccharide syntheses have been reported not only for program-controlled assembly on solid support but also by the stepwise glycosylation in solution phase. As a result, various sugar molecules with highly complex, large structures could be successfully synthesized. To summarize these recent advances, this review describes the methodologies for one-pot protection and their one-pot glycosylation into the complex glycans and the chronological developments associated with automated syntheses of oligosaccharides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suvarn S Kulkarni
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology Bombay , Mumbai 400076 , India
| | | | | | - Ananda Rao Podilapu
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology Bombay , Mumbai 400076 , India
| | - Pin-Hsuan Liao
- Institute of Chemistry , Academia Sinica , Taipei 115 , Taiwan
| | - Shang-Cheng Hung
- Genomics Research Center , Academia Sinica , Taipei 115 , Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Huang K, Parmeggiani F, Pallister E, Huang CJ, Liu FF, Li Q, Birmingham WR, Both P, Thomas B, Liu L, Voglmeir J, Flitsch SL. Characterisation of a Bacterial Galactokinase with High Activity and Broad Substrate Tolerance for Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of 6-Aminogalactose-1-Phosphate and Analogues. Chembiochem 2018; 19:388-394. [PMID: 29193544 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201700477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Glycosyl phosphates are important intermediates in many metabolic pathways and are substrates for diverse carbohydrate-active enzymes. Thus, there is a need to develop libraries of structurally similar analogues that can be used as selective chemical probes in glycomics. Here, we explore chemoenzymatic cascades for the fast generation of glycosyl phosphate libraries without protecting-group strategies. The key enzyme is a new bacterial galactokinase (LgGalK) cloned from Leminorella grimontii, which was produced in Escherichia coli and shown to catalyse 1-phosphorylation of galactose. LgGalK displayed a broad substrate tolerance, being able to catalyse the 1-phosphorylation of a number of galactose analogues, including 3-deoxy-3-fluorogalactose and 4-deoxy-4-fluorogalactose, which were first reported to be substrates for wild-type galactokinase. LgGalK and galactose oxidase variant M1 were combined in a one-pot, two-step system to synthesise 6-oxogalactose-1-phosphate and 6-oxo-2-fluorogalactose-1-phosphate, which were subsequently used to produce a panel of 30 substituted 6-aminogalactose-1-phosphate derivatives by chemical reductive amination in a one-pot, three-step chemoenzymatic process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kun Huang
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, UK
| | - Fabio Parmeggiani
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, UK
| | - Edward Pallister
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, UK
| | - Chuen-Jiuan Huang
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, UK
| | - Fang-Fang Liu
- Glycomics and Glycan Bioengineering Research Center (GGBRC), College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Qian Li
- Glycomics and Glycan Bioengineering Research Center (GGBRC), College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - William R Birmingham
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, UK
| | - Peter Both
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, UK
| | - Baptiste Thomas
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, UK
| | - Li Liu
- Glycomics and Glycan Bioengineering Research Center (GGBRC), College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Josef Voglmeir
- Glycomics and Glycan Bioengineering Research Center (GGBRC), College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Sabine L Flitsch
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, UK
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Neralkar M, Mishra B, Hotha S. Nucleofuge Generating Glycosidations by the Remote Activation of Hydroxybenzotriazolyl Glycosides. J Org Chem 2017; 82:11494-11504. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b02027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mahesh Neralkar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, 411 008 MH, India
| | - Bijoyananda Mishra
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, 411 008 MH, India
| | - Srinivas Hotha
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, 411 008 MH, India
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Kinnaert C, Daugaard M, Nami F, Clausen MH. Chemical Synthesis of Oligosaccharides Related to the Cell Walls of Plants and Algae. Chem Rev 2017; 117:11337-11405. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Christine Kinnaert
- Center for Nanomedicine and
Theranostics, Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet, Building 207, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Mathilde Daugaard
- Center for Nanomedicine and
Theranostics, Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet, Building 207, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Faranak Nami
- Center for Nanomedicine and
Theranostics, Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet, Building 207, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Mads H. Clausen
- Center for Nanomedicine and
Theranostics, Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet, Building 207, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Koroniak-Szejn K, Tomaszewska J, Koroniak H. The synthesis of new fluorinated or nonfluorinated sugar phosphonates and phosphoramidates as building blocks in the synthesis of modified hyaluronic acid subunits. PHOSPHORUS SULFUR 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/10426507.2017.1311332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Henryk Koroniak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Pistorio SG, Nigudkar SS, Stine KJ, Demchenko AV. HPLC-Assisted Automated Oligosaccharide Synthesis: Implementation of the Autosampler as a Mode of the Reagent Delivery. J Org Chem 2016; 81:8796-8805. [PMID: 27575052 PMCID: PMC5496006 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b01439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The development of a useful methodology for simple, scalable, and transformative automation of oligosaccharide synthesis that easily interfaces with existing methods is reported. The automated synthesis can now be performed using accessible equipment where the reactants and reagents are delivered by the pump or the autosampler and the reactions can be monitored by the UV detector. The HPLC-based platform for automation is easy to setup and adapt to different systems and targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore G. Pistorio
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri—St. Louis, One University Boulevard, St. Louis, Missouri 63121, United States
| | - Swati S. Nigudkar
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri—St. Louis, One University Boulevard, St. Louis, Missouri 63121, United States
| | - Keith J. Stine
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri—St. Louis, One University Boulevard, St. Louis, Missouri 63121, United States
| | - Alexei V. Demchenko
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri—St. Louis, One University Boulevard, St. Louis, Missouri 63121, United States
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Mishra B, Neralkar M, Hotha S. Stable Alkynyl Glycosyl Carbonates: Catalytic Anomeric Activation and Synthesis of a Tridecasaccharide Reminiscent ofMycobacterium tuberculosisCell Wall Lipoarabinomannan. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201511695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bijoyananda Mishra
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research; Dr. Homi Bhabha Road Pune India
| | - Mahesh Neralkar
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research; Dr. Homi Bhabha Road Pune India
| | - Srinivas Hotha
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research; Dr. Homi Bhabha Road Pune India
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Mishra B, Neralkar M, Hotha S. Stable Alkynyl Glycosyl Carbonates: Catalytic Anomeric Activation and Synthesis of a Tridecasaccharide Reminiscent ofMycobacterium tuberculosisCell Wall Lipoarabinomannan. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:7786-91. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201511695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bijoyananda Mishra
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research; Dr. Homi Bhabha Road Pune India
| | - Mahesh Neralkar
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research; Dr. Homi Bhabha Road Pune India
| | - Srinivas Hotha
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research; Dr. Homi Bhabha Road Pune India
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Aouad MR. Synthesis and Antimicrobial Screening of Novel Thioglycosides and Acyclonucleoside Analogs Carrying 1,2,3-Triazole and 1,3,4-Oxadiazole Moieties. NUCLEOSIDES NUCLEOTIDES & NUCLEIC ACIDS 2016; 35:1-15. [PMID: 26810028 DOI: 10.1080/15257770.2015.1109098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The solvent-free 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction of dimethylacetylene dicarboxylate (1) with 2-chlorophenyl azide (2) afforded 1,2,3-triazole diester 3 that upon hydrazinolysis, furnished the corresponding bis-acid hydrazide 4. The treatment of compound 4 with carbon disulfide in a refluxing potassium hydroxide solution furnished the desired bis-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thione 5 tethered to a 1,2,3-triazole moiety. The respective SOx-glycosides 9-11 were obtained by glycosylation of bis-oxadiazole 5 with 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-α-d-glucopyranosyl bromide (6), 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-α-d-galactopyranosyl bromide (7), and 2-acetamido-3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-2-deoxy-α-d-glucopyranosyl chloride (8) in dry acetone in the presence of Et3N, which acted as a base. However, alkylation of 5 with halogeno-alkanol 12 or 13, chloroglycerol 14, bromoethers 20 or 21, and epichlohydrin 22 in the presence of K2CO3 in DMF yielded the corresponding acyclonucleoside analogs 16-18 and 23-25. The isopropylidenes 19 and acetyl derivatives 26-28 of the products were also prepared. The newly synthesized compounds were characterized by (1)H NMR, (13)C NMR, 2D NMR, and mass spectra. The compounds were screened for their antibacterial and antifungal activities. A number of the tested compounds exhibited significant antimicrobial activity compared to the reference drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M R Aouad
- a Department of Chemistry , Faculty of Sciences, Taibah University , Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah 30002 , Saudi Arabia.,b Laboratoire de Chimie & Electrochimie des Complexes Métalliques (LCECM) USTO-MB, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sciences and Technology Mohamed Boudiaf , B.p. 1505 El M´nouar, Oran 31000 , Algeria
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Dallabernardina P, Schuhmacher F, Seeberger PH, Pfrengle F. Automated glycan assembly of xyloglucan oligosaccharides. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:309-13. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ob02226f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report the automated synthesis of oligosaccharide fragments related to the hemicellulose xyloglucan based on the linear assembly of mono- and disaccharide building blocks on solid support.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pietro Dallabernardina
- Department of Biomolecular Systems
- Max-Planck-Institute of Colloids and Interfaces
- 14476 Potsdam
- Germany
- Freie Universität Berlin
| | - Frank Schuhmacher
- Department of Biomolecular Systems
- Max-Planck-Institute of Colloids and Interfaces
- 14476 Potsdam
- Germany
- Freie Universität Berlin
| | - Peter H. Seeberger
- Department of Biomolecular Systems
- Max-Planck-Institute of Colloids and Interfaces
- 14476 Potsdam
- Germany
- Freie Universität Berlin
| | - Fabian Pfrengle
- Department of Biomolecular Systems
- Max-Planck-Institute of Colloids and Interfaces
- 14476 Potsdam
- Germany
- Freie Universität Berlin
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Wildberger P, Pfeiffer M, Brecker L, Nidetzky B. Diastereoselektive Synthese von Glykosylphosphaten mit einem Phosphorylase‐Phosphatase‐Kombikatalysator. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201507710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Wildberger
- Institut für Biotechnologie und Bioprozesstechnik, Technische Universität Graz, Petersgasse 12, 8010 Graz (Österreich)
| | - Martin Pfeiffer
- Institut für Biotechnologie und Bioprozesstechnik, Technische Universität Graz, Petersgasse 12, 8010 Graz (Österreich)
| | - Lothar Brecker
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Wien, Währingerstraße 38, 1090 Wien (Österreich)
| | - Bernd Nidetzky
- Institut für Biotechnologie und Bioprozesstechnik, Technische Universität Graz, Petersgasse 12, 8010 Graz (Österreich)
- acib – Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology (Österreich)
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Wildberger P, Pfeiffer M, Brecker L, Nidetzky B. Diastereoselective Synthesis of Glycosyl Phosphates by Using a Phosphorylase-Phosphatase Combination Catalyst. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:15867-71. [PMID: 26565075 PMCID: PMC4737314 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201507710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Sugar phosphates play an important role in metabolism and signaling, but also as constituents of macromolecular structures. Selective phosphorylation of sugars is chemically difficult, particularly at the anomeric center. We report phosphatase-catalyzed diastereoselective "anomeric" phosphorylation of various aldose substrates with α-D-glucose 1-phosphate, derived from phosphorylase-catalyzed conversion of sucrose and inorganic phosphate, as the phosphoryl donor. Simultaneous and sequential two-step transformations by the phosphorylase-phosphatase combination catalyst yielded glycosyl phosphates of defined anomeric configuration in yields of up to 70 % based on the phosphate applied to the reaction. An efficient enzyme-assisted purification of the glycosyl phosphate products from reaction mixtures was established.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Wildberger
- Institute of Biotechnology and Biochemical Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 12, 8010 Graz (Austria)
| | - Martin Pfeiffer
- Institute of Biotechnology and Biochemical Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 12, 8010 Graz (Austria)
| | - Lothar Brecker
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währingerstraße 38, 1090 Vienna (Austria)
| | - Bernd Nidetzky
- Institute of Biotechnology and Biochemical Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 12, 8010 Graz (Austria). .,acib - Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology (Austria).
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Chen C, Van der Borght J, De Vreese R, D'hooghe M, Soetaert W, Desmet T. Engineering the specificity of trehalose phosphorylase as a general strategy for the production of glycosyl phosphates. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 50:7834-6. [PMID: 24909572 DOI: 10.1039/c4cc02202e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A two-step process is reported for the anomeric phosphorylation of galactose, using trehalose phosphorylase as biocatalyst. The monosaccharide enters this process as acceptor but can subsequently be released from the donor side, thanks to the non-reducing nature of the disaccharide intermediate. A key development was the creation of an optimized enzyme variant that displays a strict specificity (99%) for β-galactose 1-phosphate as product.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Chen
- Centre for Industrial Biotechnology and Biocatalysis Department of Biochemical and Microbial Technology, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Koppolu SR, Niddana R, Balamurugan R. Gold-catalysed glycosylation reaction using an easily accessible leaving group. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:5094-7. [PMID: 25858173 DOI: 10.1039/c5ob00248f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Gold(III)-catalysed glycosylation reaction has been developed by employing a new and easily accessible leaving group synthesized from ethyl cyanoacetate. Several nucleophiles like alcohols, thiols, allyltrimethylsilane, trimethylsilyl azide and triethylsilane have been reacted to make the corresponding glycosides in good yields and with marginal to excellent α-selectivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Srinivasa Rao Koppolu
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Prof. C. R. Rao road, Hyderabad-500046, India.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Liao G, Zhou Z, Guo Z. Synthesis and immunological study of α-2,9-oligosialic acid conjugates as anti-group C meningitis vaccines. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:9647-50. [PMID: 25973942 PMCID: PMC4526240 DOI: 10.1039/c5cc01794g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
α-2,9-Di-, tri-, tetra-, and pentasialic acids were prepared and conjugated with a carrier protein. The resultant glycoconjugates elicited robust T cell-mediated immunity in mice. α-2,9-Trisialic acid was identified as a promising antigen for developing glycoconjugate vaccines against group C Neisseria meningitidis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guochao Liao
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, Michigan 48202, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
High-Throughput Synthesis of Diverse Compound Collections for Lead Discovery and Optimization. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2015; 232:73-89. [PMID: 26330259 DOI: 10.1007/164_2015_25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Small-molecule intervention of protein function is one central dogma of drug discovery. The generation of small-molecule libraries fuels the discovery pipeline at many stages and thereby resembles a key aspect of this endeavor. High-throughput synthesis is a major source for compound libraries utilized in academia and industry, seeking new chemical modulators of pharmacological targets. Here, we discuss the crucial factors of library design strategies from the perspective of synthetic chemistry, giving a brief historic background and a summary of current approaches. Simple measures of success of a high-throughput synthesis such as quantity or diversity have long been discarded and replaced by more integrated measures. Case studies are presented and put into context to highlight the cross-connectivity of the various stages of the drug discovery process.
Collapse
|
35
|
Liu H, Li X. A Stereoselective Ring-Closing Glycosylation via Nonglycosylating Pathway. J Org Chem 2014; 79:5834-41. [DOI: 10.1021/jo5006763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Han Liu
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, PR China
| | - Xuechen Li
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, PR China
- State
Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Schütte OM, Ries A, Orth A, Patalag LJ, Römer W, Steinem C, Werz DB. Influence of Gb3 glycosphingolipids differing in their fatty acid chain on the phase behaviour of solid supported membranes: chemical syntheses and impact of Shiga toxin binding. Chem Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4sc01290a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
|
37
|
Anish C, Martin CE, Wahlbrink A, Bogdan C, Ntais P, Antoniou M, Seeberger PH. Immunogenicity and diagnostic potential of synthetic antigenic cell surface glycans of Leishmania. ACS Chem Biol 2013; 8:2412-22. [PMID: 24004239 DOI: 10.1021/cb400602k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Detection and quantification of pathogen-derived antigenic structures is a key method for the initial diagnosis and follow-up of various infectious diseases. Complex parasitic diseases such as leishmaniasis require highly sensitive and specific tests prior to treatment with potentially toxic drugs. To investigate the diagnostic potential of cell surface glycans found on Leishmania parasites, we identified diagnostically relevant glycan epitopes and used synthetic glycan microarrays to screen sera from infected humans and dogs. On the basis of the screening results, we selected a tetrasaccharide to generate anti-glycan antibodies. The corresponding tetrasaccharide-carrier protein conjugate was immunogenic in mice, and sera obtained from immunized mice specifically detected the Leishmania parasite. These results demonstrate how synthetic glycan arrays, in combination with immunological methods, help to identify promising carbohydrate antigens for pathogen detection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chakkumkal Anish
- Max-Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14424 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Christopher E. Martin
- Max-Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14424 Potsdam, Germany
- Institute
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 22, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Annette Wahlbrink
- Max-Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14424 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Christian Bogdan
- Mikrobiologisches
Institut - Klinische Mikrobiologie, Immunologie und Hygiene, Universitätsklinikum
Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Pantelis Ntais
- Laboratory
of Clinical Bacteriology Parasitology Zoonoses and Geographical Medicine,
Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Maria Antoniou
- Laboratory
of Clinical Bacteriology Parasitology Zoonoses and Geographical Medicine,
Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Peter H. Seeberger
- Max-Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14424 Potsdam, Germany
- Institute
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 22, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Tatsumi S, Matsumura F, Oka N, Wada T. Glycosylation of alcohols using glycosyl boranophosphates as glycosyl donors. Tetrahedron Lett 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2013.04.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
39
|
Ranade SC, Demchenko AV. Mechanism of Chemical Glycosylation: Focus on the Mode of Activation and Departure of Anomeric Leaving Groups. J Carbohydr Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/07328303.2012.749264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sneha C. Ranade
- a Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Missouri , St. Louis , MO , 63121 , USA
| | - Alexei V. Demchenko
- a Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Missouri , St. Louis , MO , 63121 , USA
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Padungros P, Alberch L, Wei A. Glycal assembly by the in situ generation of glycosyl dithiocarbamates. Org Lett 2012; 14:3380-3. [PMID: 22686424 PMCID: PMC3412062 DOI: 10.1021/ol301349w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Glycal assembly offers an expedient entry into β-linked oligosaccharides, but epoxyglycal donors can be capricious in their reactivities. Treatment with Et(2)NH and CS(2) enables their in situ conversion into glycosyl dithiocarbamates, which can be activated by copper triflate for coupling with complex or sterically congested acceptors. The coupling efficiency can be further enhanced by in situ benzoylation, as illustrated in an 11-step synthesis of a branched hexasaccharide from glucals in 28% isolated yield and just four chromatographic purifications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Panuwat Padungros
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Uriel C, Ventura J, Gómez AM, López JC, Fraser-Reid B. Methyl 1,2-Orthoesters as Useful Glycosyl Donors in Glycosylation Reactions: A Comparison with n-Pent-4-enyl 1,2-Orthoesters. European J Org Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201200089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
|
42
|
Awan SI, Werz DB. Syntheses of 1,2-annulated and 1-spiroannulated carbohydrate derivatives: Recent developments. Bioorg Med Chem 2012; 20:1846-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2011.10.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2011] [Revised: 10/20/2011] [Accepted: 10/30/2011] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
|
43
|
Hsu CH, Hung SC, Wu CY, Wong CH. Toward automated oligosaccharide synthesis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 50:11872-923. [PMID: 22127846 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201100125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2011] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Carbohydrates have been shown to play important roles in biological processes. The pace of development in carbohydrate research is, however, relatively slow due to the problems associated with the complexity of carbohydrate structures and the lack of general synthetic methods and tools available for the study of this class of biomolecules. Recent advances in synthesis have demonstrated that many of these problems can be circumvented. In this Review, we describe the methods developed to tackle the problems of carbohydrate-mediated biological processes, with particular focus on the issue related to the development of the automated synthesis of oligosaccharides. Further applications of carbohydrate microarrays and vaccines to human diseases are also highlighted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Che-Hsiung Hsu
- The Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Hsu CH, Hung SC, Wu CY, Wong CH. Auf dem Weg zur automatisierten Oligosaccharid- Synthese. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201100125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
45
|
Marín I, Castilla J, Matheu MI, Díaz Y, Castillón S. Sequential Directed Epoxydation-Acidolysis from Glycals with MCPBA. A Flexible Approach to Protected Glycosyl Donors. J Org Chem 2011; 76:9622-9. [DOI: 10.1021/jo201165v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Irene Marín
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel·lí Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Javier Castilla
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel·lí Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - M. Isabel Matheu
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel·lí Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Yolanda Díaz
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel·lí Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Sergio Castillón
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel·lí Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
De Winter K, Cerdobbel A, Soetaert W, Desmet T. Operational stability of immobilized sucrose phosphorylase: Continuous production of α-glucose-1-phosphate at elevated temperatures. Process Biochem 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2011.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
47
|
Holkenbrink A, Koester DC, Kaschel J, Werz DB. Total Synthesis of α-Linked Rha-Rha-Gal Undecaprenyl Diphosphate Found in Geobacillus stearothermophilus. European J Org Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201101021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
48
|
Epoxidation of glycals with oxone–acetone–tetrabutylammonium hydrogen sulfate: a convenient access to simple β-d-glycosides and to α-d-mannosamine and d-talosamine donors. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2011.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
49
|
Alberch L, Cheng G, Seo SK, Li X, Boulineau FP, Wei A. Stereoelectronic factors in the stereoselective epoxidation of glycals and 4-deoxypentenosides. J Org Chem 2011; 76:2532-47. [PMID: 21417287 PMCID: PMC3074037 DOI: 10.1021/jo102382r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Glycals and 4-deoxypentenosides (4-DPs), unsaturated pyranosides with similar structures and reactivity profiles, can exhibit a high degree of stereoselectivity upon epoxidation with dimethyldioxirane (DMDO). In most cases, the glycals and their corresponding 4-DP isosteres share the same facioselectivity, implying that the pyran substituents are largely responsible for the stereodirecting effect. Fully substituted dihydropyrans are subject to a "majority rule", in which the epoxidation is directed toward the face opposite to two of the three groups. Removing one of the substituents has a variable effect on the epoxidation outcome, depending on its position and also on the relative stereochemistry of the remaining two groups. Overall, we observe that the greatest loss in facioselectivity for glycals and 4-DPs is caused by removal of the C3 oxygen, followed by the C5/anomeric substituent, and least of all by the C4/C2 oxygen. DFT calculations based on polarized-π frontier molecular orbital (PPFMO) theory support a stereoelectronic role for the oxygen substituents in 4-DP facioselectivity, but less clearly so in the case of glycals. We conclude that the anomeric oxygen in 4-DPs contributes toward a stereoelectronic bias in facioselectivity whereas the C5 alkoxymethyl in glycals imparts a steric bias, which at times can compete with the stereodirecting effects from the other oxygen substituents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Alberch
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2084
| | - Gang Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2084
| | - Seung-Kee Seo
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2084
| | - Xuehua Li
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2084
| | - Fabien P. Boulineau
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2084
| | - Alexander Wei
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2084
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Van der Borght J, Desmet T, Soetaert W. Enzymatic production of β-D-glucose-1-phosphate from trehalose. Biotechnol J 2010; 5:986-93. [PMID: 20799297 DOI: 10.1002/biot.201000203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
β-D-Glucose-1-phosphate (βGlc1P) is an efficient glucosyl donor for both enzymatic and chemical glycosylation reactions but is currently very costly and not available in large amounts. This article provides an efficient production method of βGlc1P from trehalose and phosphate using the thermostable trehalose phosphorylase from Thermoanaerobacter brockii. At the process temperature of 60 °C, Escherichia coli expression host cells are lysed and cell treatment prior to the reaction is, therefore, not required. In this way, the theoretical maximum yield of 26% could be easily achieved. Two different purification strategies have been compared, anion exchange chromatography or carbohydrate removal by treatment with trehalase and yeast, followed by chemical phosphate precipitation. In a next step, βGlc1P was precipitated with ethanol but this did not induce crystallization, in contrast to what is observed with other glycosylphosphates. After conversion of the product to its cyclohexylammonium salt, however, crystals could be readily obtained. Although both purification methods were quantitative (>99% recovery), a large amount of product (50%) was lost during crystallization. Nevertheless, a production process for crystalline βGlc1P is now available from the cheap substrates trehalose and inorganic phosphate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jef Van der Borght
- Center of Expertise for Industrial Biotechnology and Biocatalysis, Department of Biochemical and Microbial Technology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | | |
Collapse
|