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Valdez CA, Kaseman DC, Dreyer ML, Hok S, Vu AK. Use of carbonyldiimidazole as a derivatization agent for the detection of pinacolyl alcohol, a forensic marker for Soman, by EI-GC-MS and LC-HRMS in official OPCW proficiency test matrices. J Forensic Sci 2024; 69:1256-1267. [PMID: 38647068 DOI: 10.1111/1556-4029.15527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Pinacolyl alcohol (PA), a key forensic marker for the nerve agent Soman (GD), is a particularly difficult analyte to detect by various analytical methods. In this work, we have explored the reaction between PA and 1,1'-carbonyldiimidazole (CDI) to yield pinacolyl 1H-imidazole-1-carboxylate (PIC), a product that can be conveniently detected by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS). Regarding its GC-MS profile, this new carbamate derivative of PA possesses favorable chromatographic features such as a sharp peak and a longer retention time (RT = 16.62 min) relative to PA (broad peak and short retention time, RT = 4.1 min). The derivative can also be detected by LC-HRMS, providing an avenue for the analysis of this chemical using this technique where PA is virtually undetectable unless present in large concentrations. From a forensic science standpoint, detection of this low molecular weight alcohol signals the past or latent presence of the nerve agent Soman (GD) in a given matrix (i.e., environmental or biological). The efficiency of the protocol was tested separately in the analysis and detection of PA by EI-GC-MS and LC-HRMS when present at a 10 μg/mL in a soil matrix featured in the 44th PT and in a glycerol-rich liquid matrix featured in the 48th Official Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW) Proficiency Test when present at a 5 μg/mL concentration. In both scenarios, PA was successfully transformed into PIC, establishing the protocol as an additional tool for the analysis of this unnatural and unique nerve agent marker by GC-MS and LC-HRMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos A Valdez
- Biosciences and Biotechnology Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, USA
- Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, USA
- Global Security Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, USA
- Forensic Science Center, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, USA
| | - Derrick C Kaseman
- Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, USA
- Global Security Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, USA
- Forensic Science Center, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, USA
- Materials Science Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, USA
| | - Mark L Dreyer
- Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, USA
- Global Security Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, USA
- Forensic Science Center, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, USA
| | - Saphon Hok
- Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, USA
- Global Security Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, USA
- Forensic Science Center, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, USA
| | - Alexander K Vu
- Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, USA
- Global Security Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, USA
- Forensic Science Center, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, USA
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2
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Zou W, He J. Synthesis of a Hierarchically Branched Dendritic Polymer Possessing Multiple Dendrons on a Dendrimer-like Backbone. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c00851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenkai Zou
- The State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Junpo He
- The State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
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3
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Gosecki M, Setälä H, Virtanen T, Ryan AJ. A facile method to control the phase behavior of hydroxypropyl cellulose. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 251:117015. [PMID: 33152849 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
We report a facile chemical method to convert the hydroxyl groups of hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) into carbamates. It was achieved by the reaction of HPC with N-methyl carbamoylimidazole, which is a safe and easy to handle replacement for the particularly hazardous reagent methyl isocyanate. Using a series of HPC with a range of molar substitution of hydroxypropyl groups, we synthesized HPC methylcarbamates showing lower critical solution temperature (LCST) in the range between 94 and 15 °C. A linear dependence of LCST versus methylcarbamate degree of substitution is observed. The lower the initial hydroxypropyl content of HPC, the greater the effect of methylcarbamate on the LCST. Surface tension study showed that methylcarbamate modification has an insignificant effect on the hydrophilic-hydrophobic balance of the macromolecules below LCST unless the molecular substitution of hydroxypropyl groups is so low (0.8) that the native cellulose OH groups can react with N-methyl carbamoylimidazole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Gosecki
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire, S3 7HF, UK; Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363, Lodz, Poland.
| | - Harri Setälä
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, FI-02044, Espoo, Finland.
| | - Tommi Virtanen
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, FI-02044, Espoo, Finland.
| | - Anthony J Ryan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire, S3 7HF, UK.
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4
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Tran J, Pesenti T, Cressonnier J, Lefay C, Gigmes D, Guillaneuf Y, Nicolas J. Degradable Copolymer Nanoparticles from Radical Ring-Opening Copolymerization between Cyclic Ketene Acetals and Vinyl Ethers. Biomacromolecules 2019; 20:305-317. [PMID: 30540444 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.8b01500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
2-Methylene-1,3-dioxepane (MDO) and different vinyl ether (VE) monomers were successfully copolymerized by free-radical radical ring-opening copolymerization (rROP) to yield P(MDO- co-VE) copolymers with Mn = 7 000-13 000 g·mol-1 and high molar fractions of MDO ( FMDO = 0.7-0.9). By using VE derivatives of different aqueous solubilities or by grafting PEG chains onto the copolymers by "click" chemistry via azide-containing VE units, hydrophobic, amphiphilic and water-soluble copolymers were obtained. The different copolymers were then formulated into nanoparticles by nanoprecipitation using Pluronics for hydrophobic copolymers, without surfactant for amphiphilic copolymers, or blended with PMDO for water-soluble copolymers. Most of the copolymers led to nanoparticles with average diameters in the 130-250 nm with narrow particle size distributions and satisfying colloidal stability for a period of at least 1-2 weeks and up to 6 months. The copolymers were successfully degraded under accelerated, hydrolytic or enzymatic conditions. Hydrophobic copolymers led to degradation kinetics in PBS similar to that of PCL and complete degradation (-95% in Mn decrease) was observed in the presence of enzymes (lipases). Preliminary cytotoxicity assays were performed on endothelial cells (HUVEC) and macrophages (J774.A1) and revealed high cell viabilities at 0.1 mg·mL-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Tran
- Institut Galien Paris-Sud, UMR CNRS 8612, Univ Paris-Sud, Univ. Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Pharmacie , 5 rue Jean-Baptiste Clément , F-92296 Châtenay-Malabry cedex , France
| | - Théo Pesenti
- Institut Galien Paris-Sud, UMR CNRS 8612, Univ Paris-Sud, Univ. Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Pharmacie , 5 rue Jean-Baptiste Clément , F-92296 Châtenay-Malabry cedex , France
| | - Jonathan Cressonnier
- Institut Galien Paris-Sud, UMR CNRS 8612, Univ Paris-Sud, Univ. Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Pharmacie , 5 rue Jean-Baptiste Clément , F-92296 Châtenay-Malabry cedex , France
| | - Catherine Lefay
- Aix Marseille Univ. , CNRS, Institut de Chimie Radicalaire UMR 7273, Marseille 13397 France
| | - Didier Gigmes
- Aix Marseille Univ. , CNRS, Institut de Chimie Radicalaire UMR 7273, Marseille 13397 France
| | - Yohann Guillaneuf
- Aix Marseille Univ. , CNRS, Institut de Chimie Radicalaire UMR 7273, Marseille 13397 France
| | - Julien Nicolas
- Institut Galien Paris-Sud, UMR CNRS 8612, Univ Paris-Sud, Univ. Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Pharmacie , 5 rue Jean-Baptiste Clément , F-92296 Châtenay-Malabry cedex , France
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5
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Branched polyglycidol and its derivatives grafted-from poly(ethylene terephthalate) and silica as surfaces that reduce protein fouling. Eur Polym J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2018.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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6
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Ramírez-Palma MT, Apolonio VM, González J, Martínez-Barrera G, Corona D, Cuevas-Yañez E. Synthesis of EDTA core dendrimers through a consecutive esterification-CuAAC process. JOURNAL OF MACROMOLECULAR SCIENCE PART A-PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/10601325.2017.1381920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- María Teresa Ramírez-Palma
- Centro Conjunto de Investigación en Química Sustentable UAEM-UNAM, Carretera Toluca-Atlacomulco Km. 14.5, Toluca, Estado de México, México Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México
| | - Víctor M. Apolonio
- Centro Conjunto de Investigación en Química Sustentable UAEM-UNAM, Carretera Toluca-Atlacomulco Km. 14.5, Toluca, Estado de México, México Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México
| | - Jaime González
- Centro Conjunto de Investigación en Química Sustentable UAEM-UNAM, Carretera Toluca-Atlacomulco Km. 14.5, Toluca, Estado de México, México Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México
| | - Gonzalo Martínez-Barrera
- Laboratorio de Investigación y Desarrollo de Materiales Avanzados (LIDMA), Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México. Km 12 Carretera Toluca-Atlacomulco, Campus San Cayetano C.P. México
| | - David Corona
- Centro Conjunto de Investigación en Química Sustentable UAEM-UNAM, Carretera Toluca-Atlacomulco Km. 14.5, Toluca, Estado de México, México Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México
| | - Erick Cuevas-Yañez
- Centro Conjunto de Investigación en Química Sustentable UAEM-UNAM, Carretera Toluca-Atlacomulco Km. 14.5, Toluca, Estado de México, México Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México
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7
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Olsson JV, Hult D, García-Gallego S, Malkoch M. Fluoride-promoted carbonylation polymerization: a facile step-growth technique to polycarbonates. Chem Sci 2017; 8:4853-4857. [PMID: 28959408 PMCID: PMC5603846 DOI: 10.1039/c6sc05582f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluoride-Promoted Carbonylation (FPC) polymerization is herein presented as a novel catalytic polymerization methodology that complements ROP and unlocks a greater synthetic window to advanced polycarbonates. The overall two-step strategy is facile, robust and capitalizes on the synthesis and step-growth polymerization of bis-carbonylimidazolide and diol monomers of 1,3- or higher configurations. Cesium fluoride (CsF) is identified as an efficient catalyst and the bis-carbonylimidazolide monomers are synthesized as bench-stable white solids, easily obtained on 50-100 g scales from their parent diols using cheap commercial 1,1'-carbonyldiimidazole (CDI) as activating reagent. The FPC polymerization works well in both solution and bulk, does not require any stoichiometric additives or complex settings and produces only imidazole as a relatively low-toxicity by-product. As a proof-of-concept using only four diol building-blocks, FPC methodology enabled the synthesis of a unique library of polycarbonates covering (i) rigid, flexible and reactive PC backbones, (ii) molecular weights 5-20 kg mol-1, (iii) dispersities of 1.3-2.9 and (iv) a wide span of glass transition temperatures, from -45 up to 169 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- J V Olsson
- Department of Coating Technology , Division of Fibre and Polymer Technology , KTH Royal Institute of Technology , Teknikringen 56-58 , 100 44 , Stockholm , Sweden .
| | - D Hult
- Department of Coating Technology , Division of Fibre and Polymer Technology , KTH Royal Institute of Technology , Teknikringen 56-58 , 100 44 , Stockholm , Sweden .
| | - S García-Gallego
- Department of Coating Technology , Division of Fibre and Polymer Technology , KTH Royal Institute of Technology , Teknikringen 56-58 , 100 44 , Stockholm , Sweden .
| | - M Malkoch
- Department of Coating Technology , Division of Fibre and Polymer Technology , KTH Royal Institute of Technology , Teknikringen 56-58 , 100 44 , Stockholm , Sweden .
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8
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Elschner T, Obst F, Heinze T, Kargl R, Stana Kleinschek K. Reactive Maleimido Dextran Thin Films for Cysteine-Containing Surfaces Adsorbing BSA. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201600535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Elschner
- Laboratory for Characterization and Processing of Polymers; Faculty of Mechanical Engineering; University of Maribor; Smetanova 17 2000 Maribor Slovenia
| | - Franziska Obst
- Center of Excellence for Polysaccharide Research; Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry; Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Humboldtstraße 10 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Thomas Heinze
- Center of Excellence for Polysaccharide Research; Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry; Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Humboldtstraße 10 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Rupert Kargl
- Laboratory for Characterization and Processing of Polymers; Faculty of Mechanical Engineering; University of Maribor; Smetanova 17 2000 Maribor Slovenia
| | - Karin Stana Kleinschek
- Laboratory for Characterization and Processing of Polymers; Faculty of Mechanical Engineering; University of Maribor; Smetanova 17 2000 Maribor Slovenia
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9
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Roth M, Hennen D, Oesterreicher A, Mostegel F, Samusjew A, Edler M, Maier E, Griesser T. Highly Water-Soluble Alpha-Hydroxyalkylphenone Based Photoinitiator for Low-Migration Applications. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201700022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Meinhart Roth
- Chair of Chemistry of Polymeric Materials and Christian Doppler Laboratory for Functional and Polymer Based Ink-Jet Inks; University of Leoben; Otto-Glöckel-Strasse 2 8700 Leoben Austria
| | - Daniel Hennen
- Chair of Chemistry of Polymeric Materials and Christian Doppler Laboratory for Functional and Polymer Based Ink-Jet Inks; University of Leoben; Otto-Glöckel-Strasse 2 8700 Leoben Austria
| | - Andreas Oesterreicher
- Chair of Chemistry of Polymeric Materials and Christian Doppler Laboratory for Functional and Polymer Based Ink-Jet Inks; University of Leoben; Otto-Glöckel-Strasse 2 8700 Leoben Austria
| | - Florian Mostegel
- Chair of Chemistry of Polymeric Materials and Christian Doppler Laboratory for Functional and Polymer Based Ink-Jet Inks; University of Leoben; Otto-Glöckel-Strasse 2 8700 Leoben Austria
| | - Aleksandra Samusjew
- Chair of Chemistry of Polymeric Materials and Christian Doppler Laboratory for Functional and Polymer Based Ink-Jet Inks; University of Leoben; Otto-Glöckel-Strasse 2 8700 Leoben Austria
| | - Matthias Edler
- Chair of Chemistry of Polymeric Materials and Christian Doppler Laboratory for Functional and Polymer Based Ink-Jet Inks; University of Leoben; Otto-Glöckel-Strasse 2 8700 Leoben Austria
| | - Eugen Maier
- Durst Phototechnik DIT; Julius-Durst-Strasse 11 9900 Lienz Austria
| | - Thomas Griesser
- Chair of Chemistry of Polymeric Materials and Christian Doppler Laboratory for Functional and Polymer Based Ink-Jet Inks; University of Leoben; Otto-Glöckel-Strasse 2 8700 Leoben Austria
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10
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Synthesis and film formation of furfuryl- and maleimido carbonic acid derivatives of dextran. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 161:1-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.12.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Revised: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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11
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Oesterreicher A, Wiener J, Roth M, Moser A, Gmeiner R, Edler M, Pinter G, Griesser T. Tough and degradable photopolymers derived from alkyne monomers for 3D printing of biomedical materials. Polym Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6py01132b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Photo curing of low-cytotoxic alkyne carbonate/thiol formulations leads to tough polymers with adjustable degradation behavior for 3D printing of biomedical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Oesterreicher
- Chair of Chemistry of Polymeric Materials & Christian Doppler Laboratory for Functional and Polymer Based Ink-Jet Inks
- University of Leoben
- A-8700 Leoben
- Austria
| | - Johannes Wiener
- Chair of Chemistry of Polymeric Materials & Christian Doppler Laboratory for Functional and Polymer Based Ink-Jet Inks
- University of Leoben
- A-8700 Leoben
- Austria
| | - Meinhart Roth
- Chair of Chemistry of Polymeric Materials & Christian Doppler Laboratory for Functional and Polymer Based Ink-Jet Inks
- University of Leoben
- A-8700 Leoben
- Austria
| | - Andreas Moser
- Chair of Material Science and Testing of Polymers
- University of Leoben
- A-8700 Leoben
- Austria
| | | | - Matthias Edler
- Chair of Chemistry of Polymeric Materials & Christian Doppler Laboratory for Functional and Polymer Based Ink-Jet Inks
- University of Leoben
- A-8700 Leoben
- Austria
| | - Gerald Pinter
- Chair of Material Science and Testing of Polymers
- University of Leoben
- A-8700 Leoben
- Austria
| | - Thomas Griesser
- Chair of Chemistry of Polymeric Materials & Christian Doppler Laboratory for Functional and Polymer Based Ink-Jet Inks
- University of Leoben
- A-8700 Leoben
- Austria
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12
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Mutlu H, Barner-Kowollik C. Green chain-shattering polymers based on a self-immolative azobenzene motif. Polym Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5py01937k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A chain-shattering polymer system consisting of nontoxic, partially renewable resource-based monomersviaacyclic diene metathesis (ADMET) chemistry is introduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hatice Mutlu
- Preparative Macromolecular Chemistry
- Institut für Technische Chemie und Polymerchemie
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
- 76131 Karlsruhe
- Germany
| | - Christopher Barner-Kowollik
- Preparative Macromolecular Chemistry
- Institut für Technische Chemie und Polymerchemie
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
- 76131 Karlsruhe
- Germany
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13
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Maisonneuve L, Lamarzelle O, Rix E, Grau E, Cramail H. Isocyanate-Free Routes to Polyurethanes and Poly(hydroxy Urethane)s. Chem Rev 2015; 115:12407-39. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 400] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lise Maisonneuve
- Univ. Bordeaux, LCPO, UMR 5629, F-33600 Pessac, France
- CNRS, LCPO, UMR 5629, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Océane Lamarzelle
- Univ. Bordeaux, LCPO, UMR 5629, F-33600 Pessac, France
- CNRS, LCPO, UMR 5629, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Estelle Rix
- Univ. Bordeaux, LCPO, UMR 5629, F-33600 Pessac, France
- CNRS, LCPO, UMR 5629, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Etienne Grau
- Univ. Bordeaux, LCPO, UMR 5629, F-33600 Pessac, France
- CNRS, LCPO, UMR 5629, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Henri Cramail
- Univ. Bordeaux, LCPO, UMR 5629, F-33600 Pessac, France
- CNRS, LCPO, UMR 5629, F-33600 Pessac, France
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14
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Hesse A, Biyikal M, Rurack K, Weller MG. Development of highly sensitive and selective antibodies for the detection of the explosive pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN) by bioisosteric replacement. J Mol Recognit 2015; 29:88-94. [PMID: 26463875 DOI: 10.1002/jmr.2511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2015] [Revised: 08/03/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
An improved antibody against the explosive pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN) was developed. The immunogen was designed by the concept of bioisosteric replacement, which led to an excellent polyclonal antibody with extreme selectivity and immunoassays of very good sensitivity. Compounds such as nitroglycerine, 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene, hexogen (RDX), 2,4,6-trinitroaniline, 1,3-dinitrobenzene, octogen (HMX), triacetone triperoxide, ammonium nitrate, 2,4,6-trinitrophenol and nitrobenzene were tested for potential cross-reactivity. The detection limit of a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was determined to be around 0.5 µg/l. The dynamic range of the assay was found to be between 1 and 1000 µg/l, covering a concentration range of three decades. This work shows the successful application of the bioisosteric concept in immunochemistry by exchange of a nitroester to a carbonate diester. The antiserum might be used for the development of quick tests, biosensors, microtitration plate immunoassays, microarrays and other analytical methods for the highly sensitive detection of PETN, an explosive frequently used by terrorists, exploiting the extreme difficulty of its detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Almut Hesse
- Division 1.5, Protein Analysis, BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Richard-Willstätter-Strasse 11, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mustafa Biyikal
- Division 1.9, Chemical and Optical Sensing, BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Richard-Willstätter-Strasse 11, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Knut Rurack
- Division 1.9, Chemical and Optical Sensing, BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Richard-Willstätter-Strasse 11, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael G Weller
- Division 1.5, Protein Analysis, BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Richard-Willstätter-Strasse 11, 12489, Berlin, Germany
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15
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Rogers HE, Chambon P, Auty SER, Hern FY, Owen A, Rannard SP. Synthesis, nanoprecipitation and pH sensitivity of amphiphilic linear-dendritic hybrid polymers and hyperbranched-polydendrons containing tertiary amine functional dendrons. SOFT MATTER 2015; 11:7005-7015. [PMID: 26241924 DOI: 10.1039/c5sm00673b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The combination of linear polymers with dendritic chain-ends has led to numerous studies of linear-dendritic polymer hybrid materials. Interchain branching within the linear segment of these materials has recently extended this concept to the formation of soluble hyperbranched-polydendrons. Here, the introduction of amphiphilicity into hyperbranched-polydendrons has been achieved for the first time through the use of tertiary amine functional dendritic chain-ends and branched hydrophobic polymer segments. The synthesis and aqueous nanoprecipitation of these branched materials is compared with their linear-dendritic polymer analogues, showing that chain-end chemistry/generation, precipitation medium pH and polymer architecture are all capable of influencing the ability to generate nanoparticles, the resulting nanoparticle diameter and dispersity, and subsequent response to changes in pH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah E Rogers
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, UK.
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16
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Elschner T, Heinze T. Cellulose carbonates: a platform for promising biopolymer derivatives with multifunctional capabilities. Macromol Biosci 2015; 15:735-46. [PMID: 25677921 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201400521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2014] [Revised: 01/16/2015] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Cellulose carbonates as a platform compound open new possibilities for the design of advanced materials based on the most important renewable resource cellulose. In the present feature, the chemistry of cellulose carbonates is discussed considering own research results adequately. After a short overview about methods for activation of polysaccharides for a conversion with nucleophilic compounds in particular with amines, details about various methods for the synthesis of polysaccharide carbonates are discussed. The main issue of the feature is the synthesis and aminolysis of cellulose carbonates with low, intermediate, and high degree of substitution and the evaluation of this chemistry with respect to specific challenges. Functional cellulose carbamates, obtained from cellulose phenyl carbonate by aminolysis, show the potential use of this class of celluloses. Immunoassays and zwitterionic polymers are included as representative examples regarding properties and application of the new cellulose-based products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Elschner
- Center of Excellence for Polysaccharide Research, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University of Jena, Humboldtstraße 10, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Thomas Heinze
- Center of Excellence for Polysaccharide Research, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University of Jena, Humboldtstraße 10, 07743, Jena, Germany.
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17
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Blattmann H, Fleischer M, Bähr M, Mülhaupt R. Isocyanate- and Phosgene-Free Routes to Polyfunctional Cyclic Carbonates and Green Polyurethanes by Fixation of Carbon Dioxide. Macromol Rapid Commun 2014; 35:1238-54. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201400209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 219] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2014] [Revised: 05/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hannes Blattmann
- Freiburg Materials Research Center (FMF) and Institute for Macromolecular Chemistry; Stefan-Meier Strasse 31 D-79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Maria Fleischer
- Freiburg Materials Research Center (FMF) and Institute for Macromolecular Chemistry; Stefan-Meier Strasse 31 D-79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Moritz Bähr
- Freiburg Materials Research Center (FMF) and Institute for Macromolecular Chemistry; Stefan-Meier Strasse 31 D-79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Rolf Mülhaupt
- Freiburg Materials Research Center (FMF) and Institute for Macromolecular Chemistry; Stefan-Meier Strasse 31 D-79104 Freiburg Germany
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18
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Xu Y, Xu WL, Smith MD, Shimizu LS. Self-assembly and ring-opening metathesis polymerization of a bifunctional carbonate–stilbene macrocycle. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra45055d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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19
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Ravetti S, De Candia CA, Gualdesi MS, Pampuro S, Turk G, Quevedo MA, Briñón MC. Biological evaluation and molecular modelling of didanosine derivatives. MEDCHEMCOMM 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4md00003j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
These prodrugs of DDI with increased lipophilicity and good antiviral performance should be of interest in HIV therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soledad Ravetti
- Departamento de Farmacia
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas
- Ciudad Universitaria
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba
- 5000 Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Cristian A. De Candia
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y SIDA
- INBIRS
- Facultad de Medicina
- Universidad de Buenos Aires
- Argentina
| | - María S. Gualdesi
- Departamento de Farmacia
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas
- Ciudad Universitaria
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba
- 5000 Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Sandra Pampuro
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y SIDA
- INBIRS
- Facultad de Medicina
- Universidad de Buenos Aires
- Argentina
| | - Gabriela Turk
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y SIDA
- INBIRS
- Facultad de Medicina
- Universidad de Buenos Aires
- Argentina
| | - Mario A. Quevedo
- Departamento de Farmacia
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas
- Ciudad Universitaria
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba
- 5000 Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Margarita C. Briñón
- Departamento de Farmacia
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas
- Ciudad Universitaria
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba
- 5000 Córdoba, Argentina
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20
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Olsson JV, Hult D, Cai Y, García-Gallego S, Malkoch M. Reactive imidazole intermediates: simplified synthetic approach to functional aliphatic cyclic carbonates. Polym Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4py00911h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Reactive imidazole intermediates based on AB2 and A3 monomers, i.e. bis(methylol) propionic acid (bis-MPA) and trimethylolpropane (TMP) have successfully been synthesized and isolated on a 100 gram scale via a facile synthetic protocol using 1,1′-carbonyldiimidazole (CDI) as a key reagent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan V. Olsson
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology
- SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Daniel Hult
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology
- SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yanling Cai
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology
- SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sandra García-Gallego
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology
- SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Michael Malkoch
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology
- SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
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21
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Besse V, Foyer G, Auvergne R, Caillol S, Boutevin B. Access to nonisocyanate poly(thio)urethanes: A comparative study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.26722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Besse
- Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier UMR 5253-Equipe Ingénierie et Architectures Macromoléculaires; Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier, 34296 Montpellier Cedex 5 France
| | - Gabriel Foyer
- Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier UMR 5253-Equipe Ingénierie et Architectures Macromoléculaires; Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier, 34296 Montpellier Cedex 5 France
| | - Rémi Auvergne
- Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier UMR 5253-Equipe Ingénierie et Architectures Macromoléculaires; Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier, 34296 Montpellier Cedex 5 France
| | - Sylvain Caillol
- Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier UMR 5253-Equipe Ingénierie et Architectures Macromoléculaires; Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier, 34296 Montpellier Cedex 5 France
| | - Bernard Boutevin
- Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier UMR 5253-Equipe Ingénierie et Architectures Macromoléculaires; Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier, 34296 Montpellier Cedex 5 France
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22
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Yang WJ, Cai T, Neoh KG, Kang ET, Teo SLM, Rittschof D. Barnacle Cement as Surface Anchor for “Clicking” of Antifouling and Antimicrobial Polymer Brushes on Stainless Steel. Biomacromolecules 2013; 14:2041-51. [DOI: 10.1021/bm400382e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wen Jing Yang
- NUS Graduate School for Integrative Science
and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Kent Ridge, Singapore 117576
| | - Tao Cai
- NUS Graduate School for Integrative Science
and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Kent Ridge, Singapore 117576
| | - Koon-Gee Neoh
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular
Engineering, National University of Singapore, Kent Ridge, Singapore, 119260
| | - En-Tang Kang
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular
Engineering, National University of Singapore, Kent Ridge, Singapore, 119260
| | - Serena Lay-Ming Teo
- Tropical
Marine Science Institute, National University of Singapore, Kent
Ridge, Singapore, 119223
| | - Daniel Rittschof
- Marine Laboratory, Nicholas
School of the
Environment, Duke University, 135 Duke Marine Lab Road, Beaufort, North Carolina 28516-9721,
United States
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23
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Nohra B, Candy L, Blanco JF, Guerin C, Raoul Y, Mouloungui Z. From Petrochemical Polyurethanes to Biobased Polyhydroxyurethanes. Macromolecules 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/ma400197c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 264] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bassam Nohra
- LCA (Laboratoire de
Chimie Agro-industrielle),
INP-ENSIACET, University of Toulouse, F-31030
Toulouse, France
- INRA, UMR 1010 CAI, F-31030 Toulouse, France
| | - Laure Candy
- LCA (Laboratoire de
Chimie Agro-industrielle),
INP-ENSIACET, University of Toulouse, F-31030
Toulouse, France
- INRA, UMR 1010 CAI, F-31030 Toulouse, France
| | - Jean-François Blanco
- LGC (Laboratoire de Génie
chimique), INP-ENSIACET, University of Toulouse, F-31030 Toulouse, France
| | - Celine Guerin
- CONDAT, Avenue Frédéric
Mistral, 38670, Chasse-sur-Rhône,
France
| | - Yann Raoul
- ONIDOL, 11 rue de Monceau, CS 60003, 75378, Paris Cedex 08, France
| | - Zephirin Mouloungui
- LCA (Laboratoire de
Chimie Agro-industrielle),
INP-ENSIACET, University of Toulouse, F-31030
Toulouse, France
- INRA, UMR 1010 CAI, F-31030 Toulouse, France
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24
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Elschner T, Wondraczek H, Heinze T. Syntheses and detailed structure characterization of dextran carbonates. Carbohydr Polym 2013; 93:216-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2012.01.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2011] [Revised: 01/23/2012] [Accepted: 01/31/2012] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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25
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Besse V, Auvergne R, Carlotti S, Boutevin G, Otazaghine B, Caillol S, Pascault JP, Boutevin B. Synthesis of isosorbide based polyurethanes: An isocyanate free method. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2013.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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26
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Yang WJ, Neoh KG, Kang ET, Lay-Ming Teo S, Rittschof D. Stainless steel surfaces with thiol-terminated hyperbranched polymers for functionalization via thiol-based chemistry. Polym Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3py00009e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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27
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Delebecq E, Pascault JP, Boutevin B, Ganachaud F. On the Versatility of Urethane/Urea Bonds: Reversibility, Blocked Isocyanate, and Non-isocyanate Polyurethane. Chem Rev 2012; 113:80-118. [DOI: 10.1021/cr300195n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 715] [Impact Index Per Article: 59.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Etienne Delebecq
- Institut Charles Gerhardt,
UMR
5253 CNRS, Ingénierie et Architectures Macromoléculaires, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier, 8 rue de l’école normale, 34296 Montpellier, Cedex
05, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Pascault
- INSA-Lyon, IMP, UMR5223, F-69621, Villeurbanne, France
- Université de Lyon, F-69622, Lyon, France
| | - Bernard Boutevin
- Institut Charles Gerhardt,
UMR
5253 CNRS, Ingénierie et Architectures Macromoléculaires, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier, 8 rue de l’école normale, 34296 Montpellier, Cedex
05, France
| | - François Ganachaud
- Institut Charles Gerhardt,
UMR
5253 CNRS, Ingénierie et Architectures Macromoléculaires, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier, 8 rue de l’école normale, 34296 Montpellier, Cedex
05, France
- INSA-Lyon, IMP, UMR5223, F-69621, Villeurbanne, France
- Université de Lyon, F-69622, Lyon, France
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28
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Zhi D, Zhang S, Qureshi F, Zhao Y, Cui S, Wang B, Chen H, Wang Y, Zhao D. Synthesis and biological activity of carbamate-linked cationic lipids for gene delivery in vitro. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012; 22:3837-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.01.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2011] [Revised: 01/15/2012] [Accepted: 01/25/2012] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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29
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Benyahya S, Habas JP, Auvergne R, Lapinte V, Caillol S. Structure-property relationships in polyhydroxyurethanes produced from terephthaloyl dicyclocarbonate with various polyamines. POLYM INT 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.4257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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30
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Pospíšil J, Robiette R, Sato H, Debrus K. Practical synthesis of β-oxo benzo[d]thiazolyl sulfones: scope and limitations. Org Biomol Chem 2012; 10:1225-34. [PMID: 22183419 DOI: 10.1039/c1ob06510f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we discuss our new synthetic approach towards functionalized benzo[d]thiazolyl (BT) sulfones, based on the reunion of alkyl BT sulfones and various electrophiles (e.g. R-CO-X, RO-CO-X, RS-CO-X, Ts-X…). All important aspects of this coupling reaction, including relevant and undesirable side reactions, are evaluated by means of calculations and competitive experiments. The scope and limitations of this method are established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiří Pospíšil
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Université catholique de Louvain, Place Louis Pasteur 1 box L4.01.02, B-1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
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31
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Maggini L, Bonifazi D. Hierarchised luminescent organic architectures: design, synthesis, self-assembly, self-organisation and functions. Chem Soc Rev 2012; 41:211-41. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cs15031f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 240] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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32
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Selva M, Noè M, Perosa A, Gottardo M. Carbonate, acetate and phenolate phosphonium salts as catalysts in transesterification reactions for the synthesis of non-symmetric dialkyl carbonates. Org Biomol Chem 2012; 10:6569-78. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ob25447f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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33
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34
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35
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Pospíšil J, Sato H. Practical Synthesis of β-Acyl and β-Alkoxycarbonyl Heterocyclic Sulfones. J Org Chem 2011; 76:2269-72. [DOI: 10.1021/jo102326p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiří Pospíšil
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences−Molecules, Solids and Reactivity (IMCN/MOST), Université catholique de Louvain, Bâtiment Lavoisier, Place Louis Pasteur 1, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Hitoshi Sato
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences−Molecules, Solids and Reactivity (IMCN/MOST), Université catholique de Louvain, Bâtiment Lavoisier, Place Louis Pasteur 1, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
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36
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Benyahya S, Desroches M, Auvergne R, Carlotti S, Caillol S, Boutevin B. Synthesis of glycerin carbonate-based intermediates using thiol–ene chemistry and isocyanate free polyhydroxyurethanes therefrom. Polym Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c1py00289a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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37
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Controlled surface modification of cellulose fibers by amino derivatives using N,N′-carbonyldiimidazole as activator. Carbohydr Polym 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2009.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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38
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Willcock H, Cooper AI, Adams DJ, Rannard SP. Synthesis and characterisation of polyamide dendrimers with systematically varying surface functionality. Chem Commun (Camb) 2009:3095-7. [PMID: 19462098 DOI: 10.1039/b903190a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Remarkable changes of properties result from systematically varying the surface functionality of polyamide dendrimers within a single generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Willcock
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Materials Discovery, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK L69 7ZD
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39
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Zhang Z, Yang M, Zhang X, Zhang L, Liu B, Zheng P, Wang W. Enhancing Gelation Ability of a Dendritic Gelator through Complexation with a Polyelectrolyte. Chemistry 2009; 15:2352-61. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200802117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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40
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Fricke N, Keul H, Möller M. Carbonate Couplers and Functional Cyclic Carbonates from Amino Acids and Glucosamine. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.200800497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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41
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Yang M, Zhang Z, Yuan F, Wang W, Hess S, Lienkamp K, Lieberwirth I, Wegner G. Self-Assembled Structures in Organogels of Amphiphilic Diblock Codendrimers. Chemistry 2008; 14:3330-7. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200701731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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42
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Percec V, Rudick J, Peterca M, Yurchenko M, Smidrkal J, Heiney P. Supramolecular Structural Diversity among First-Generation Hybrid Dendrimers and Twin Dendrons. Chemistry 2008; 14:3355-62. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200701658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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43
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Percec V, Peterca M, Yurchenko M, Rudick J, Heiney P. Thixotropic Twin-Dendritic Organogelators. Chemistry 2008; 14:909-18. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200701273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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44
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Hsu SH, Reinhoudt DN, Huskens J, Velders AH. Imidazolide monolayers for reactive microcontact printing. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1039/b808814d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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45
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Khan FZ, Shiotsuki M, Nishio Y, Masuda T. Synthesis and Properties of Amidoimide Dendrons and Dendronized Cellulose Derivatives. Macromolecules 2007. [DOI: 10.1021/ma0718595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fareha Zafar Khan
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura Campus, Kyoto 615−8510, Japan, and Division of Forest & Biomaterials Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Yoshida Campus, Kyoto 606−8502, Japan
| | - Masashi Shiotsuki
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura Campus, Kyoto 615−8510, Japan, and Division of Forest & Biomaterials Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Yoshida Campus, Kyoto 606−8502, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Nishio
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura Campus, Kyoto 615−8510, Japan, and Division of Forest & Biomaterials Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Yoshida Campus, Kyoto 606−8502, Japan
| | - Toshio Masuda
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura Campus, Kyoto 615−8510, Japan, and Division of Forest & Biomaterials Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Yoshida Campus, Kyoto 606−8502, Japan
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46
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Tan B, Lee JY, Cooper AI. Synthesis of Emulsion-Templated Poly(acrylamide) Using CO2-in-Water Emulsions and Poly(vinyl acetate)-Based Block Copolymer Surfactants. Macromolecules 2007. [DOI: 10.1021/ma062518e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bien Tan
- Department of Chemistry, Crown Street, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZD, U.K
| | - Jun-Young Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Crown Street, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZD, U.K
| | - Andrew I. Cooper
- Department of Chemistry, Crown Street, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZD, U.K
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47
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Hsu SJ, Lin HC, Lin CH. Inter- and intramolecular glycosylation of exo-glycals promoted by metallic Lewis acids. Carbohydr Res 2006; 341:1428-37. [PMID: 16650394 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2006.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2006] [Revised: 03/18/2006] [Accepted: 04/01/2006] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
exo-Glycosyl carbonates were employed for inter- and intramolecular glycosylation reactions. A number of metallic Lewis Acids and solvents were examined to enhance the reactivity. The optimum conditions were found to be the use of AlCl3 in 1-nitropropane. The method was demonstrated to be useful for the intermolecular glycosyl transfer of several nucleophiles, including simple alcohols, sugars, and amino acid derivatives; however, intramolecular glycosylations were not successful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Jie Hsu
- Institute of Biological Chemistry and Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, No. 128 Academia Road Section 2, Nan-Kang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
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48
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Martinez V, Mecking S, Tassaing T, Besnard M, Moisan S, Cansell F, Aymonier C. Dendritic Core−Shell Macromolecules Soluble in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide. Macromolecules 2006. [DOI: 10.1021/ma0607315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Victor Martinez
- Department of Chemistry, Konstanz University, Universitätsstr. 10, 78457 Konstanz, Germany; LPCM, CNRS-UMR 5803, Université Bordeaux 1, 351 cours de la Libération, 33405 Talence Cedex, France; and ICMCB, CNRS-UPR 9048, Université Bordeaux 1, 87 avenue Albert Schweitzer, 33608 Pessac Cedex, France
| | - Stefan Mecking
- Department of Chemistry, Konstanz University, Universitätsstr. 10, 78457 Konstanz, Germany; LPCM, CNRS-UMR 5803, Université Bordeaux 1, 351 cours de la Libération, 33405 Talence Cedex, France; and ICMCB, CNRS-UPR 9048, Université Bordeaux 1, 87 avenue Albert Schweitzer, 33608 Pessac Cedex, France
| | - Thierry Tassaing
- Department of Chemistry, Konstanz University, Universitätsstr. 10, 78457 Konstanz, Germany; LPCM, CNRS-UMR 5803, Université Bordeaux 1, 351 cours de la Libération, 33405 Talence Cedex, France; and ICMCB, CNRS-UPR 9048, Université Bordeaux 1, 87 avenue Albert Schweitzer, 33608 Pessac Cedex, France
| | - Marcel Besnard
- Department of Chemistry, Konstanz University, Universitätsstr. 10, 78457 Konstanz, Germany; LPCM, CNRS-UMR 5803, Université Bordeaux 1, 351 cours de la Libération, 33405 Talence Cedex, France; and ICMCB, CNRS-UPR 9048, Université Bordeaux 1, 87 avenue Albert Schweitzer, 33608 Pessac Cedex, France
| | - Sandy Moisan
- Department of Chemistry, Konstanz University, Universitätsstr. 10, 78457 Konstanz, Germany; LPCM, CNRS-UMR 5803, Université Bordeaux 1, 351 cours de la Libération, 33405 Talence Cedex, France; and ICMCB, CNRS-UPR 9048, Université Bordeaux 1, 87 avenue Albert Schweitzer, 33608 Pessac Cedex, France
| | - François Cansell
- Department of Chemistry, Konstanz University, Universitätsstr. 10, 78457 Konstanz, Germany; LPCM, CNRS-UMR 5803, Université Bordeaux 1, 351 cours de la Libération, 33405 Talence Cedex, France; and ICMCB, CNRS-UPR 9048, Université Bordeaux 1, 87 avenue Albert Schweitzer, 33608 Pessac Cedex, France
| | - Cyril Aymonier
- Department of Chemistry, Konstanz University, Universitätsstr. 10, 78457 Konstanz, Germany; LPCM, CNRS-UMR 5803, Université Bordeaux 1, 351 cours de la Libération, 33405 Talence Cedex, France; and ICMCB, CNRS-UPR 9048, Université Bordeaux 1, 87 avenue Albert Schweitzer, 33608 Pessac Cedex, France
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49
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Wood MR, Duncalf DJ, Rannard SP, Perrier S. Selective One-Pot Synthesis of Trithiocarbonates, Xanthates, and Dithiocarbamates for Use in RAFT/MADIX Living Radical Polymerizations. Org Lett 2006; 8:553-6. [PMID: 16468709 DOI: 10.1021/ol0525617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
[reaction: see text] We report a facile route for the production of chain transfer agents for reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) and macromolecular design via the interchange of xanthates (MADIX) polymerizations, via a one-pot reaction. 1,1'-Thiocarbonyl diimidazole (TCDI) undergoes controlled monosubstitution when reacted with secondary thiols or alcohols. The intermediate S/O-esters of imidazole-N-thionocarboxylic acid react efficiently with a range of primary thiols, alcohols, and amines to form asymmetrical dithiocarbonates, trithiocarbonates, and dithiocarbamates, respectively. The synthesis provides a facile approach to the controlled radical polymerization of vinyl monomers through the reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murray R Wood
- Department of Colour and Polymer Chemistry, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT, England
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50
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Tan B, Woods HM, Licence P, Howdle SM, Cooper AI. Synthesis and CO2 Solubility Studies of Poly(ether carbonate)s and Poly(ether ester)s Produced by Step Growth Polymerization. Macromolecules 2005. [DOI: 10.1021/ma047973u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bien Tan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, L69 7ZD, Liverpool, United Kingdom, and School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, NG7 2RD, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Helen M. Woods
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, L69 7ZD, Liverpool, United Kingdom, and School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, NG7 2RD, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Licence
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, L69 7ZD, Liverpool, United Kingdom, and School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, NG7 2RD, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Steven M. Howdle
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, L69 7ZD, Liverpool, United Kingdom, and School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, NG7 2RD, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew I. Cooper
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, L69 7ZD, Liverpool, United Kingdom, and School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, NG7 2RD, Nottingham, United Kingdom
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