Palladium and Platinum Complexes with a β-Cyclodextrin-Functionalized Phosphine Ligand

Water-soluble phosphane-substituted cyclodextrin as an effective bifunctional additive in hydroformylation of higher olefins

Cyclodextrins substituted with a sulfophenyl phosphane show an excellent recognition ability towards higher olefins in aqueous biphasic Rh-catalyzed hydroformylation.

Cyclodextrin and phosphorus(iii): a versatile combination for coordination chemistry and catalysis

The relevance of cyclodextrins equipped with P(iii) atoms in coordination chemistry and homogeneous catalysis is discussed.

Phosphane-based cyclodextrins as mass transfer agents and ligands for aqueous organometallic catalysis

The replacement of hazardous solvents and the utilization of catalytic processes are two key points of the green chemistry movement, so aqueous organometallic catalytic processes are of great interest in this context. Nevertheless, these processes require not only the use of water-soluble ligands such as phosphanes to solubilise the transition metals in water, but also the use of mass transfer agents to increase the solubility of organic substrates in water. In this context, phosphanes based on a cyclodextrin skeleton are an interesting alternative since these compounds can simultaneously act as mass transfer agents and as coordinating species towards transition metals. For twenty years, various cyclodextrin-functionalized phosphanes have been described in the literature. Nevertheless, while their coordinating properties towards transition metals and their catalytic properties were fully detailed, their mass transfer agent properties were much less discussed. As these mass transfer agent properties are directly linked to the availability of the cyclodextrin cavity, the aim of this review is to demonstrate that the nature of the reaction solvent and the nature of the linker between cyclodextrin and phosphorous moieties can deeply influence the recognition properties. In addition, the impact on the catalytic activity will be also discussed.

Self-assembly of novel macrocyclic aminomethylphosphines with hydrophobic intramolecular cavities

Novel macroheterocyclic tetraphosphines, namely, 1,1',5,5'-bis(arylene)-bis(1,5-diaza-3,7-diphosphacyclooctanes) 2-6, were obtained without the use of high-dilution techniques or any matrix by the reaction of bis(hydroxymethyl)organylphosphines with primary aromatic diamines containing two p-phenylene fragments linked by various one-atom bridges in a molecular self-assembly process. The structures of 4, 5 and 6 were investigated by X-ray crystal structure analyses. The macrocyclic cavities can be described as a truncated rhombohedral prism with side faces formed by phenylene rings and 1,5-diaza-3,7-diphosphacyclooctanes in the truncated acute angles. In the crystals of these macrocycles, solvating DMF molecules are present, and a methyl group from each of two DMF molecules penetrates the macrocyclic cavities of 4 and 5 from either side, whereas only one disordered molecule of DMF penetrates the cavity of macrocycle 6. Different types of crystal packing are observed for the P-benzyl-substituted compounds 4 and 5 and for the P-mesityl-substituted compound 6: for 4 and 5 the formation of alternating layers containing the macrocycles and the DMF molecules is observed, in which the cavities of the macrocyclic molecules form channels and the DMF molecules are located in the centers of the channels; in the crystal of 6, six molecules are arranged around the 3 axis in the fashion of a six-bladed propeller.