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Carden WG, Thorman RM, Unlu I, Abboud KA, Fairbrother DH, McElwee-White L. Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation of CF 3AuCNR Precursors for Focused Electron Beam-Induced Deposition of Gold. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:11976-11987. [PMID: 30835431 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b18368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The Au(I) complexes CF3AuCNMe (1a) and CF3AuCN tBu (1b) were investigated as Au(I) precursors for focused electron beam-induced deposition (FEBID) of metallic gold. Both 1a and 1b are sufficiently volatile for sublimation at 125 ± 1 mTorr in the temperature range of roughly 40-50 °C. Electron impact mass spectra of 1a-b show gold-containing ions resulting from fragmenting the CF3 group and the CNR ligand, whereas in negative chemical ionization of 1a-b, the major fragment results from dealkylation of the CNR ligand. Steady-state depositions from 1a in an Auger spectrometer produce deposits with a similar gold content to the commercial precursor Me2Au(acac) (3) deposited under the same conditions, while the gold content from 1b is less. These results enable us to suggest the likely fate of the CF3 and CNR ligands during FEBID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Will G Carden
- Department of Chemistry , University of Florida , Gainesville , Florida 32611-7200 , United States
| | - Rachel M Thorman
- Department of Chemistry , Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore , Maryland 21218-2685 , United States
| | - Ilyas Unlu
- Department of Chemistry , Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore , Maryland 21218-2685 , United States
| | - Khalil A Abboud
- Department of Chemistry , University of Florida , Gainesville , Florida 32611-7200 , United States
| | - D Howard Fairbrother
- Department of Chemistry , Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore , Maryland 21218-2685 , United States
| | - Lisa McElwee-White
- Department of Chemistry , University of Florida , Gainesville , Florida 32611-7200 , United States
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Couzijn EPA, Lai YY, Limacher A, Chen P. Intuitive Quantifiers of Charge Flows in Coordinate Bonding. Organometallics 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.7b00365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Erik P. A. Couzijn
- Laboratorium für Organische
Chemie, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Yu-Ying Lai
- Laboratorium für Organische
Chemie, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Armin Limacher
- Laboratorium für Organische
Chemie, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Peter Chen
- Laboratorium für Organische
Chemie, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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3
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Phelps J, Butikofer JL, Thapaliya B, Gale E, Vowell CL, Debnath S, Arulsamy N, Roddick DM. Structural and reactivity properties of perfluoroalkylphosphine complexes of platinum(0). Polyhedron 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2016.04.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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4
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Ardizzoia GA, Bea M, Brenna S, Therrien B. A Quantitative Description of the σ-Donor and π-Acceptor Properties of Substituted Phenanthrolines. Eur J Inorg Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201600647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- G. Attilio Ardizzoia
- Department of Science and High Technology; University of Insubria; Via Valleggio, 9 22100 Como Italy
| | - Michela Bea
- Department of Science and High Technology; University of Insubria; Via Valleggio, 9 22100 Como Italy
| | - Stefano Brenna
- Department of Science and High Technology; University of Insubria; Via Valleggio, 9 22100 Como Italy
| | - Bruno Therrien
- Institute of Chemistry; University of Neuchâtel; Avenue de Bellevaux 51 2000 Neuchâtel Switzerland
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Sirat SS, Khan IA, Shawkataly OB, Rosli MM. Synthesis, Characterization, and X-ray Structures of Ru3(CO)9(dotpm)(L) Complexes [L = PPh3, P(C6H4Cl-p)3, and PPh2(C6H4Br-p)]. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.201400164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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6
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Moschetta EG, Gans KM, Rioux RM. Characterization of sites of different thermodynamic affinities on the same metal center via isothermal titration calorimetry. J Catal 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2013.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Nieuwenhuyzen M, Saunders GC. Crystal structure of (η5-pentamethylcyclo-pentadienyl)(methyldiphenylphosphite-P)dichlororhodium(III). J STRUCT CHEM+ 2013. [DOI: 10.1134/s0022476613010411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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9
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Basu P, Kail BW, Adams AK, Nemykin VN. Quantitation of the ligand effect in oxo-transfer reactions of dioxo-Mo(VI) trispyrazolyl borate complexes. Dalton Trans 2012; 42:3071-81. [PMID: 23212540 DOI: 10.1039/c2dt32349d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The oxygen atom transfer reactivity (OAT) of dioxo-Mo(VI) complexes of hydrotrispyrazolyl borate (hydrotris(3,5-dimethylpyrazolyl)borate, Tp(Me2); hydrotris(3-isopropylpyrazol-1-yl)borate, Tp(iPr)) with tertiary phosphines (PMe(3), PMe(2)Ph, PEt(3), PEt(2)Ph, PBu(n)(3), PMePh(2), or PEtPh(2)) has been investigated. In acetonitrile, these reactions proceed via the formation of a phosphoryl intermediate complex that undergoes a solvolysis reaction. We report the synthesis and characterization of several phosphoryl complexes. The rates of formation of phosphoryl complexes and their solvation were determined by spectrophotometry. The rates of the reactions and the properties of the phosphoryl species were investigated using the Quantitative Analysis of Ligand Effect (QALE) methodology. The results show that, at least in this system, the first step of the reaction is controlled primarily by the steric factor, and in the second step, both electronic and steric factors are important. We also analyzed the effect of ligands on the reaction rate i.e., Tp(Me2)vs. Tp(iPr).
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Affiliation(s)
- Partha Basu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA 15228, USA.
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11
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Hu Z, Li Y, Liu K, Shen Q. Bis(perfluoroalkyl) Phosphino-Oxazoline: A Modular, Stable, Strongly π-Accepting Ligand for Asymmetric Catalysis. J Org Chem 2012; 77:7957-67. [DOI: 10.1021/jo3011717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zongjian Hu
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine
Chemistry, Shanghai
Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, People’s Republic of
China
| | - Yuguang Li
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine
Chemistry, Shanghai
Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, People’s Republic of
China
| | - Kai Liu
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine
Chemistry, Shanghai
Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, People’s Republic of
China
| | - Qilong Shen
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine
Chemistry, Shanghai
Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, People’s Republic of
China
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Buergler JF, Togni A. Chiral trifluoromethylphosphines: a new stereoselective synthesis of Josiphos-type ligands containing two stereogenic phosphorus atoms. Chem Commun (Camb) 2011; 47:1896-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cc04606j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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13
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Jover J, Fey N, Harvey JN, Lloyd-Jones GC, Orpen AG, Owen-Smith GJJ, Murray P, Hose DRJ, Osborne R, Purdie M. Expansion of the Ligand Knowledge Base for Monodentate P-Donor Ligands (LKB-P). Organometallics 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/om100648v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Mark Purdie
- AstraZeneca, Pharmaceutical Development, Charnwood, Bakewell Road, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 5RH, U.K
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Fey N. The contribution of computational studies to organometallic catalysis: descriptors, mechanisms and models. Dalton Trans 2010:296-310. [DOI: 10.1039/b913356a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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15
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Starosta R, Bażanów B, Barszczewski W. Chalcogenides of the aminomethylphosphines derived from 1-methylpiperazine, 1-ethylpiperazine and morpholine: NMR, DFT and structural studies for determination of electronic and steric properties of the phosphines. Dalton Trans 2010; 39:7547-55. [DOI: 10.1039/c0dt00037j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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16
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Mitoraj MP, Michalak A. σ-Donor and π-Acceptor Properties of Phosphorus Ligands: An Insight from the Natural Orbitals for Chemical Valence. Inorg Chem 2009; 49:578-82. [DOI: 10.1021/ic901736n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mariusz P. Mitoraj
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, R.Ingardena 3, 30-060 Cracow, Poland
| | - Artur Michalak
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, R.Ingardena 3, 30-060 Cracow, Poland
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18
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Anderson BG, Hoyte SA, Spencer JL. Synthesis and Characterization of the Dinuclear Polyhydrides [Os2H7(PPhiPr2)4]+ and [Os2H6(PPhiPr2)4]. Inorg Chem 2009; 48:7977-83. [DOI: 10.1021/ic900111s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bradley G. Anderson
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Sarah A. Hoyte
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - John L. Spencer
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
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19
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Joistgen O, Pfletschinger A, Ciupka J, Dolg M, Nieger M, Schnakenburg G, Fröhlich R, Kataeva O, Dötz KH. P-Coligand Tuning of the Haptotropic Metal Migration in Phenanthrene Chromium Complexes. Organometallics 2009. [DOI: 10.1021/om900057a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Joistgen
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität, Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Strasse 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany, Institut für Theoretische Chemie, Universität zu Köln, Greinstrasse 4, D-50939 Köln, Germany, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität, Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Strasse 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany, Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, FIN-00014, Finland, and Organisch-Chemisches
| | - Anja Pfletschinger
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität, Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Strasse 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany, Institut für Theoretische Chemie, Universität zu Köln, Greinstrasse 4, D-50939 Köln, Germany, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität, Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Strasse 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany, Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, FIN-00014, Finland, and Organisch-Chemisches
| | - Jan Ciupka
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität, Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Strasse 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany, Institut für Theoretische Chemie, Universität zu Köln, Greinstrasse 4, D-50939 Köln, Germany, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität, Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Strasse 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany, Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, FIN-00014, Finland, and Organisch-Chemisches
| | - Michael Dolg
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität, Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Strasse 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany, Institut für Theoretische Chemie, Universität zu Köln, Greinstrasse 4, D-50939 Köln, Germany, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität, Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Strasse 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany, Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, FIN-00014, Finland, and Organisch-Chemisches
| | - Martin Nieger
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität, Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Strasse 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany, Institut für Theoretische Chemie, Universität zu Köln, Greinstrasse 4, D-50939 Köln, Germany, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität, Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Strasse 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany, Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, FIN-00014, Finland, and Organisch-Chemisches
| | - Gregor Schnakenburg
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität, Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Strasse 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany, Institut für Theoretische Chemie, Universität zu Köln, Greinstrasse 4, D-50939 Köln, Germany, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität, Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Strasse 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany, Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, FIN-00014, Finland, and Organisch-Chemisches
| | - Roland Fröhlich
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität, Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Strasse 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany, Institut für Theoretische Chemie, Universität zu Köln, Greinstrasse 4, D-50939 Köln, Germany, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität, Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Strasse 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany, Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, FIN-00014, Finland, and Organisch-Chemisches
| | - Olga Kataeva
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität, Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Strasse 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany, Institut für Theoretische Chemie, Universität zu Köln, Greinstrasse 4, D-50939 Köln, Germany, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität, Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Strasse 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany, Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, FIN-00014, Finland, and Organisch-Chemisches
| | - Karl Heinz Dötz
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität, Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Strasse 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany, Institut für Theoretische Chemie, Universität zu Köln, Greinstrasse 4, D-50939 Köln, Germany, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität, Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Strasse 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany, Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, FIN-00014, Finland, and Organisch-Chemisches
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Poater A, Cosenza B, Correa A, Giudice S, Ragone F, Scarano V, Cavallo L. SambVca: A Web Application for the Calculation of the Buried Volume of N-Heterocyclic Carbene Ligands. Eur J Inorg Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.200801160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 643] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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21
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Li J, Qiu YX, Wang SG. Metal−Phosphorus Bonding in Complexes W@Au12PX3 (X = H, F, Cl, Br, I, Me, OMe) and [M@Au12]qPH3 (Mq = Hf2−, Ta−, W, Re+, Os2+, Ir3+, Pt4+, Au5+): Relativistic DFT Investigations. J Phys Chem A 2009; 113:1646-52. [DOI: 10.1021/jp808403u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240 Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Xiang Qiu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240 Shanghai, China
| | - Shu-Guang Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240 Shanghai, China
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22
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Poë AJ. The tuning of P-donor ligands: the aryl and other pendent group effects (PGEs) revisited. Dalton Trans 2009:1999-2003. [DOI: 10.1039/b816868g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Farrar DH, Fei R, Poë AJ. Kinetics of reactions of Os6(CO)18 with some P-donor nucleophiles: Some unusual isokinetic relationships. Inorganica Chim Acta 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2007.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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24
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Velazco EJ, Caffyn AJM, Le Goff XF, Ricard L. Synthesis, Structure, and Coordination Properties of 1,1′-Bis(bis(trifluoromethyl)phosphino)ferrocene, dfmpf. Organometallics 2008. [DOI: 10.1021/om701244b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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25
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Michel C, Milet A. Free energy calculation of the effects of the fluorinated phosphorus ligands on the C–H and C–C reductive elimination from Pt(IV). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theochem.2007.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Boeré RT, Bond AM, Cronin S, Duffy NW, Hazendonk P, Masuda JD, Pollard K, Roemmele TL, Tran P, Zhang Y. Photophysical, dynamic and redox behavior of tris(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)phosphine. NEW J CHEM 2008. [DOI: 10.1039/b709602j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Leuthäusser S, Schwarz D, Plenio H. Tuning the Electronic Properties of N-Heterocyclic Carbenes. Chemistry 2007; 13:7195-203. [PMID: 17591725 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200700228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 209] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The electron-donating properties of N-heterocyclic carbenes ([N,N'-bis(2,6-dimethylphenyl)imidazol]-2-ylidene and the respective dihydro ligands) with 4,4'-R-substituted aryl rings (4,4'-R=NEt2, OC(12)H(25), Me, H, Br, S(4-tolyl), SO(4-tolyl), SO2(4-tolyl)) were studied. Twelve new N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands were synthesized as well as the respective iridium complexes [IrCl(cod)(NHC)] and [IrCl(CO)2(NHC)]. Cyclic voltammetry (DeltaE1/2) and IR (nu (CO)) can be used to measure the electron-donating properties of the carbene ligands. Modifying the 4-positions with electron-withdrawing substituents (4-R=-SO(2)Ar, DeltaE1/2=+0.92 V) results in NHC ligands with virtually the same electron-donating capacity as a trialkylphosphine in [IrCl(cod)(PCy3)] (DeltaE1/2 =+0.95 V), while [IrCl(cod)(NHC)] complexes with 4-R=NEt2 (DeltaE1/2= +0.59 V) show drastically more cathodic redox potentials and significantly enhanced donating properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steffen Leuthäusser
- Anorganische Chemie im Zintl-Institut, Petersenstrasse 18, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
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Abstract
The natural bite angle concept is examined using N,N′-bisphosphino urea ligands as rigid scaffolds. The ligand has an upper limit of about 95° for the observed bite angle in chelate complexes, but prefers a much lower one. The ligand can be described as possessing downward flexibility. The dependence of the bite angle on the P—P distance within the ligand and the M—P bond length is illustrated. The metal tries to force the ligand into its own preferred structure, whereas the ligand wants to achieve a short P—P distance. A truly rigid ligand such as the N,N′-bisphosphino urea family is thus seen to clearly discriminate between metal atoms according to their individual assertiveness, using the P—P distance in the complex as a measure. Although the natural bite angle concept is valid and helpful in determining the possible bite-angle range for ligands before it is actually synthesised, its practical applicability seems to be limited to those cases where the flexibility range of the ligand allows for only one metal-preferred bite angle to be realized.Key words: natural bite angle, ligand effects, ligand design.
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Hoge B, Thösen C, Pantenburg I. Synthesis of the First Chiral Bidendate Bis(trifluoromethyl)phosphane Ligand through Stabilization of the Bis(trifluoromethyl)phosphanide Anion in the Presence of Acetone. Chemistry 2006; 12:9019-24. [PMID: 17004285 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200600259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Lewis acid/Lewis base adduct formation of the P(CF3)2- ion and acetone leads to a reduced negative hyperconjugation and, therefore, limits the C--F bond activation. The resulting increased thermal stability of the P(CF3)2- ion in the presence of acetone allows selective substitutions and enables the synthesis of the first example of a chiral, bidentate bis(trifluoromethyl)phosphane ligand: a DIOP derivative, [(2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolane-4,5-diyl)bis(methylene)]bis(diphenylphosphane), in which the phenyl groups at the phosphorus atoms are replaced by strong electron-withdrawing trifluoromethyl groups. The resulting high electron-acceptor strength of the synthesized bidentate (CF3)2P ligand is demonstrated by a structural and vibrational study of the corresponding tetracarbonyl-molybdenum complex. The stabilization of the P(CF3)2- ion in the presence of acetone is based on the formation of a dynamic Lewis acid/Lewis base couple, (CF3)2PC(CH3)2O-. Although there is no spectroscopic evidence for the formation of the formulated alcoholate ion, the intermediate formation of (CF3)2PC(CH3)2O- could be proved through the reaction with (CF3)2PP(CF3)2, which yields the novel phosphane-phosphinite ligand (CF3)2PC(CH3)2OP(CF3)2. This ligand readily forms square-planar Pt(II) complexes upon treatment with solid PtCl2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berthold Hoge
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität zu Köln, Greinstr. 6, 50939 Köln, Germany.
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Kongprakaiwoot N, Luck RL, Urnezius E. New binucleating ligand with two [P,S] chelation pockets on a single phenyl ring: Syntheses and X-ray structures of 1,4-bis(diphenylphosphino)-2,5-difluoro-3,6-bis(methylthio)benzene and of bimetallic complex (CO)3Fe(μ-[(PPh2)(SMe)C6F2(SMe)(PPh2)])Fe(CO)3. J Organomet Chem 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2006.08.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Suresh CH. Molecular Electrostatic Potential Approach to Determining the Steric Effect of Phosphine Ligands in Organometallic Chemistry. Inorg Chem 2006; 45:4982-6. [PMID: 16780319 DOI: 10.1021/ic051959w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A two-layer ONIOM(B3LYP/6-31G(d,p):UFF) quantum mechanics (QM)-molecular mechanics (MM) optimization of PR3 ligands, where the QM layer is always constructed as PH3, followed by molecular electrostatic potential (MESP) analysis of the QM layer is suggested as a simple and effective method for evaluating the steric effect of PR3 ligands. The subtle variations in the electron distribution that arise as a result of the steric bulkiness as well as the conformational changes in the substituent groups is well reflected in the value of the MESP minimum (Vmin) located in the QM region. In general, a sterically bulky group has always shown a more negative Vmin than a sterically less bulky group. The difference between the Vmin value of free PH3 and the Vmin value at the QM region of PR3 is used as a measure of the steric effect of the PR3 ligand. This value, designated as MESPsteric, showed a good linear correlation with the cone angle values as well as the average of the intervalence HPH angles found in the QM layer. Further, the difference between the Vmin value at the QM region of PR3 (an indicator of the steric effect) and the Vmin value of the completely optimized PR3 ligand (an indicator of the combined effect of steric and electronic effects) showed a good linear correlation with the Hammett Sigmasigmap constants, which further confirmed the present approach to understanding the steric effect separately from the electronic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cherumuttathu H Suresh
- Computational Modeling and Simulation Section, Regional Research Laboratory, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Trivandrum 695 019, India.
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34
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Möhring PC, Coville NJ. Group 4 metallocene polymerisation catalysts: quantification of ring substituent steric effects. Coord Chem Rev 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2005.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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35
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Bunten KA, Po? AJ. Multi-mechanism linear free energy relationships and isoequilibrium or isokinetic temperatures. NEW J CHEM 2006. [DOI: 10.1039/b603023h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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36
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Dilman AD, Arkhipov DE, Korlyukov AA, Ananikov VP, Danilenko VM, Tartakovsky VA. Synthesis and structural characterization of carbon-centered tris(pentafluorophenyl)silyl derivatives. J Organomet Chem 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2005.04.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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37
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Boeré RT, Zhang Y. Extremely bulky triarylphosphines incorporating 2,6-diisopropylphenyl substituents; consideration of steric shielding and steric pressure. J Organomet Chem 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2004.11.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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38
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Burello E, Marion P, Galland JC, Chamard A, Rothenberg G. Ligand Descriptor Analysis in Nickel-Catalysed Hydrocyanation: A Combined Experimental and Theoretical Study. Adv Synth Catal 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.200404363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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39
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Leyssens T, Peeters D, Orpen AG, Harvey JN. Insight into metal–phosphorus bonding from analysis of the electronic structure of redox pairs of metal–phosphine complexes. NEW J CHEM 2005. [DOI: 10.1039/b508219f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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40
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Murphy-Jolly MB, Lewis LC, Caffyn AJM. The synthesis of tris(perfluoroalkyl)phosphines. Chem Commun (Camb) 2005:4479-80. [PMID: 16136257 DOI: 10.1039/b507752d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Tris(perfluoroalkyl)phosphines, of interest as tunable alternatives to the carbon monoxide ligand, can be synthesised by the nucleophile mediated reaction of perfluoroalkyltrimethylsilanes with triphenylphosphite; the method can be extended to diphosphines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makeba B Murphy-Jolly
- Department of Chemistry, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad & Tobago.
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41
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Bunten KA, Poë AJ, Stromnova TA. σ→σ* Transitions in Mn2(CO)8L2 complexes (L = P-donor ligands): π-acidity and oxygen pendant group effects in phosphite ligands. Dalton Trans 2005:3780-4. [PMID: 16471060 DOI: 10.1039/b506419h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Comparison of the energies assigned to the sigma-->sigma* transitions in bis-axial Mn2(CO)8L2 complexes when L = phosphites and phosphinites with those when L = alkyl and aryl phosphines shows that the oxygen-containing ligands do show effects associated with their pi-acidity. However, the data also strongly suggest that the energies are affected by the presence of the oxygen atoms themselves to an extent that increases linearly with the number of oxygen atoms connected to the P-donor atoms. This "oxygen effect" is analogous to, but distinct from, the aryl effect that is also simply proportional to the number of aryl groups attached to the P-donor atoms. This resolves the incongruity of the claim that phosphites also show an "aryl effect", and suggests that specific "pendant group effects" due to the nature and number of atoms attached to the phosphorus atoms of P-donor ligands (aryl, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur etc.) may be quite general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin A Bunten
- Lash Miller Chemical Laboratories, University of Toronto, Canada
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42
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Babij C, Chen L, Koshevoy IO, Poë AJ. QALE analysis of CO dissociative kinetics of Ru(CO)4L (L = P-donor ligands): accelerating effects of hydrogen in PHnR(3 - n) ligands (n = 1-2). Dalton Trans 2004:833-8. [PMID: 15252507 DOI: 10.1039/b315719a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Studies of CO-dissociative substitution reactions of the complexes Ru(CO)4L (L = a wide variety of P-donor ligands) have been extended and analysis of the results by the QALE methodology has been refined (QALE = quantitative analysis of ligand effects). Rates increase substantially with increasing size of L, mainly as a consequence of increasingly favourable activation entropies. These can be associated with increasing Ru-CO bond breaking that is compensated enthalpically by increasing Ru-P bond making allowed by release of steric strain. Explicit allowance for pi-acidity shows that these effects are just significant while sigma-donor and aryl effects are negligible. However, pendent hydrogen atoms, attached directly to the phosphorus atoms, have a pronounced and unique positive effect on the rates, with significant kinetic isotope effects (KIE). This is associated with the novel occurrence of direct Ru-H or incipient Ru-(eta2-P-H) agostic bond making as the CO ligand departs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Babij
- Lash Miller Chemical Laboratories, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Canada M5S 3H6
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43
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Solid state structure and fluxionality in solution of [H4Ru4(CO)11L] (L=P(C6F5)3, PMe2Ph, P(OMe)3 and P(OEt)3): two different structures. Polyhedron 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2003.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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44
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Ballinas-López M, Rosales-Hoz MJ, Garcı́a-Báez EV. Two types of tetrasubstitution in [H4Ru4(CO)12]: spectroscopic characterization and crystal structure determination of [H4Ru4(CO)8(PMe2Ph)4] and [H2Ru4(CO)9(PMe2Ph)4]. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s1387-7003(03)00069-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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45
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Cross PW, Ellames GJ, Gibson JS, Herbert JM, Kerr WJ, McNeill AH, Mathers TW. Conditions for deuterium exchange mediated by iridium complexes formed in situ. Tetrahedron 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(03)00422-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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46
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Bellabarba RM, Nieuwenhuyzen M, Saunders GC. Intramolecular Dehydrofluorinative Coupling of the Asymmetric Diphosphine Ph2PCH2CH2PPh(C5F4N-4) and Pentamethylcyclopentadienyl Ligands in a Rhodium Complex. Organometallics 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/om020874p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ronan M. Bellabarba
- School of Chemistry, Queen's University Belfast, David Keir Building, Belfast BT9 5AG, U.K
| | - Mark Nieuwenhuyzen
- School of Chemistry, Queen's University Belfast, David Keir Building, Belfast BT9 5AG, U.K
| | - Graham C. Saunders
- School of Chemistry, Queen's University Belfast, David Keir Building, Belfast BT9 5AG, U.K
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47
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Wilson MR, Prock A, Giering WP, Fernandez AL, Haar CM, Nolan SP, Foxman BM. π Effects Involving Rh−PZ3 Compounds. The Quantitative Analysis of Ligand Effects (QALE). Organometallics 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/om011035q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Bruce M. Foxman
- Department of Chemistry, Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts 02154-9110
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48
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Vichi EJ, Stein E. Effects of the ligands on the electrochemical oxidation of (benzylydeneacetone)Fe(CO)2L, with L=CO, phosphines and phosphites. Inorganica Chim Acta 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0020-1693(02)00852-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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49
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Rickard CE, Roper WR, Woodgate SD, Wright L. Tris(N-pyrrolyl)phosphine complexes of osmium(II) and osmium(0). J Organomet Chem 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-328x(01)01383-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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