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Rauf U, Shabir G, Bukhari S, Albericio F, Saeed A. Contemporary Developments in Ferrocene Chemistry: Physical, Chemical, Biological and Industrial Aspects. Molecules 2023; 28:5765. [PMID: 37570735 PMCID: PMC10420780 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28155765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferrocenyl-based compounds have many applications in diverse scientific disciplines, including in polymer chemistry as redox dynamic polymers and dendrimers, in materials science as bioreceptors, and in pharmacology, biochemistry, electrochemistry, and nonlinear optics. Considering the horizon of ferrocene chemistry, we attempted to condense the neoteric advancements in the synthesis and applications of ferrocene derivatives reported in the literature from 2016 to date. This paper presents data on the progression of the synthesis of diverse classes of organic compounds having ferrocene scaffolds and recent developments in applications of ferrocene-based organometallic compounds, with a special focus on their biological, medicinal, bio-sensing, chemosensing, asymmetric catalysis, material, and industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umair Rauf
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan; (U.R.); (G.S.); (S.B.)
| | - Ghulam Shabir
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan; (U.R.); (G.S.); (S.B.)
| | - Saba Bukhari
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan; (U.R.); (G.S.); (S.B.)
| | - Fernando Albericio
- Peptide Science Laboratory, School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville, Durban 4000, South Africa
- CIBER-BBN, Networking Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Aamer Saeed
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan; (U.R.); (G.S.); (S.B.)
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2
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Joraid AA, Okasha RM, Al-Maghrabi MA, Afifi TH, Agatemor C, Abd-El-Aziz AS. Thermal Degradation Behavior of a New Family of Organometallic Dendrimer. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-020-01444-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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3
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Sevilla R, Herrero M, Alonso B, García-Armada MP, Algarra M, Casado CM. Synthesis, characterization and electrochemical behaviour of dimethyleneamine-bridged methylated and non-methylated biferrocenyl derivatives. J Organomet Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2019.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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4
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Gatard S, Deraedt C, Rapakousiou A, Sonet D, Salmon L, Ruiz J, Astruc D. New Polysilyl Dendritic Precursors of Triazolylferrocenyl and Triazolylcobalticenium Dendrimers—Comparative Electrochemical Study and Stabilization of Small, Catalytically Active Pd Nanoparticles. Organometallics 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.5b00035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sylvain Gatard
- ISM,
UMR CNRS No. 5255, University of Bordeaux, 33405 Talence Cedex, France
- ICMR,
UMR CNRS No. 7312, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, BP 1039, 51687 Reims Cedex, France
| | - Christophe Deraedt
- ISM,
UMR CNRS No. 5255, University of Bordeaux, 33405 Talence Cedex, France
| | - Amalia Rapakousiou
- ISM,
UMR CNRS No. 5255, University of Bordeaux, 33405 Talence Cedex, France
| | - Dorian Sonet
- ISM,
UMR CNRS No. 5255, University of Bordeaux, 33405 Talence Cedex, France
| | - Lionel Salmon
- LCC,
CNRS and University of Toulouse (UPS, INP), 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Jaime Ruiz
- ISM,
UMR CNRS No. 5255, University of Bordeaux, 33405 Talence Cedex, France
| | - Didier Astruc
- ISM,
UMR CNRS No. 5255, University of Bordeaux, 33405 Talence Cedex, France
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5
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Abd-El-Aziz AS, Agatemor C, Etkin N, Bissessur R. Toward a New Family of Bifunctional Organoiron Dendrimers: Facile Synthesis, Redox, and Photophysical Fingerprints. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2015; 216:369-379. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201400452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alaa S. Abd-El-Aziz
- Department of Chemistry; University of Prince Edward Island; 550 University Avenue Charlottetown Prince Edward Island C1A 4P3 Canada
| | - Christian Agatemor
- Department of Chemistry; University of Prince Edward Island; 550 University Avenue Charlottetown Prince Edward Island C1A 4P3 Canada
| | | | - Rabin Bissessur
- Department of Chemistry; University of Prince Edward Island; 550 University Avenue Charlottetown Prince Edward Island C1A 4P3 Canada
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6
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Peng L, Zhang H, Feng A, Huo M, Wang Z, Hu J, Gao W, Yuan J. Electrochemical redox responsive supramolecular self-healing hydrogels based on host–guest interaction. Polym Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5py00296f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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7
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Xiao F, Gu M, Liang Y, Dong M, Zhao Z, Zhi D. Synthesis, characterization and electrochemical behavior of ferrocene-containing highly branched polyurethane and its application in biosensing. J Organomet Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2014.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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8
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Xiao F, Liang Y, Li S, Gu M, Yue L. Electrochemical behavior of ferrocene-terminated hyperbranched polyurethane and its directly electrochemical sensing to glucose and ATP2−. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2014.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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9
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Vecchi A, Erickson NR, Sabin JR, Floris B, Conte V, Venanzi M, Galloni P, Nemykin VN. Electronic Properties of Mono-Substituted Tetraferrocenyl Porphyrins in Solution and on a Gold Surface: Assessment of the Influencing Factors for Photoelectrochemical Applications. Chemistry 2014; 21:269-79. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201404457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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10
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Liu Z, Lei J, Frasconi M, Li X, Cao D, Zhu Z, Schneebeli ST, Schatz GC, Stoddart JF. A Square-Planar Tetracoordinate Oxygen-Containing Ti4O17Cluster Stabilized by Two 1,1′-Ferrocenedicarboxylato Ligands. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:9193-7. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201402603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2014] [Revised: 05/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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11
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Liu Z, Lei J, Frasconi M, Li X, Cao D, Zhu Z, Schneebeli ST, Schatz GC, Stoddart JF. A Square-Planar Tetracoordinate Oxygen-Containing Ti4O17Cluster Stabilized by Two 1,1′-Ferrocenedicarboxylato Ligands. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201402603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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12
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Triferrocenylsilane and unexpected formation of diferrocenyl(3,3-dimethylbutyl)silane via cleavage and trapping of a tetrahydrofuran fragment. Redox chemistry and synthesis of (Fc)3Si–Co(CO)4 through oxidative addition of the Si–H bond. J Organomet Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2013.07.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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13
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de Jong ER, Manoury E, Daran JC, Turrin CO, Chiffre J, Sournia-Saquet A, Knoll W, Majoral JP, Caminade AM. Synthesis and characterization of water-soluble ferrocene-dendrimers. J Organomet Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2012.07.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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14
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Pani RC, Yingling YG. Role of Solvent and Dendritic Architecture on the Redox Core Encapsulation. J Phys Chem A 2012; 116:7593-9. [DOI: 10.1021/jp304253g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rakhee C. Pani
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, North Carolina State University, 911
Partners Way, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Yaroslava G. Yingling
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, North Carolina State University, 911
Partners Way, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
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15
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Bruña S, Nieto D, González-Vadillo AM, Perles J, Cuadrado I. Cubic Octasilsesquioxanes, Cyclotetrasiloxanes, and Disiloxanes Maximally Functionalized with Silicon-Bridged Interacting Triferrocenyl Units. Organometallics 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/om300101w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Bruña
- Departamento de Química
Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid,
Spain
| | - Daniel Nieto
- Departamento de Química
Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid,
Spain
| | - Ana M González-Vadillo
- Departamento de Química
Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid,
Spain
| | - Josefina Perles
- Servicio Interdepartamental
de Investigación (SIDI), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Cuadrado
- Departamento de Química
Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid,
Spain
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16
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Gupta RK, Pandey R, Sharma S, Pandey DS. Synthesis of electroactive multinuclear dipyrrinato complexes and Fe(iii) assisted formation of α-alkoxy substituted 5-ferrocenyldipyrromethenes. Dalton Trans 2012; 41:8556-66. [DOI: 10.1039/c2dt30212h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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17
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Zhao GZ, Li QJ, Chen LJ, Tan H, Wang CH, Lehman DA, Muddiman DC, Yang HB. Facile Self-Assembly of Supramolecular Hexakisferrocenyl Triangles via Coordination-Driven Self-Assembly and Their Electrochemical Behavior. Organometallics 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/om2003305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Zhen Zhao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, Department of Chemistry, East China Normal University, 3663 N. Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200062, People's Republic of China
| | - Quan-Jie Li
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Jun Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, Department of Chemistry, East China Normal University, 3663 N. Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200062, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongwei Tan
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Cui-Hong Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, Department of Chemistry, East China Normal University, 3663 N. Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200062, People's Republic of China
| | - Danielle A. Lehman
- W. M. Keck FT-ICR Mass Spectrometry Laboratory and Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - David C. Muddiman
- W. M. Keck FT-ICR Mass Spectrometry Laboratory and Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Hai-Bo Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, Department of Chemistry, East China Normal University, 3663 N. Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200062, People's Republic of China
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18
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Boyd DA, Cao Z, Song Y, Wang TW, Fanwick PE, Crutchley RJ, Ren T. Diruthenium compounds bearing equatorial fc-containing ligands: synthesis and electronic structure. Inorg Chem 2010; 49:11525-31. [PMID: 21070020 DOI: 10.1021/ic101628z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Previously, the synthesis of compounds Ru(2)(D(3,5-Cl(2)Ph)F)(4-n)(O(2)CFc)(n)Cl (n = 1, 3a; 2, 4a), where D(3,5-Cl(2)Ph)F is N,N'-di(3,5-dichlorophenyl)formamidinate, from the carboxylate exchange reactions between Ru(2)(D(3,5-Cl(2)Ph)F)(4-n)(OAc)(n)Cl and ferrocene carboxylic acid was communicated. Reported herein is the preparation of analogous compounds Ru(2)(DmAniF)(4-n)(O(2)CFc)(n)Cl (n = 1, 3b; 2, 4b), where DmAniF is N,N'-di(3-methoxyphenyl)formamidinate, from Ru(2)(DmAniF)(4-n)(OAc)(n)Cl. Compounds 3 and 4 were characterized with various techniques including X-ray structural determinations of 3a and 4a. Voltammetric behaviors of compounds 3 and 4 were investigated, and stepwise one-electron ferrocene oxidations were observed for both compounds 4a and 4b. Spectral analysis of the monocations [4](+) indicated that they are the Robin-Day class II mixed valent [Fc···Fc](+) species. Measurement and fitting of magnetic data (χT) of 4a between 2 and 300 K revealed a typical zero-field splitting of a S = 3/2 center with D = 77 cm(-1), while those of [4a]BF(4) are consistent with the presence of S = 3/2 (Ru(2)) and S = 1/2 (Fc(+)) centers that are weakly coupled (zJ = -0.76 cm(-1)).
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Affiliation(s)
- Darryl A Boyd
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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19
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Yan J, Liu J, Sun Y, Jing P, He P, Gao D, Fang Y. Oligo(FcDC-co-CholDEA) with Ferrocene in the Main Chain and Cholesterol as a Pendant Group—Preparation and Unusual Properties. J Phys Chem B 2010; 114:13116-20. [DOI: 10.1021/jp1032838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Junlin Yan
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, MOE, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, 710062, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, MOE, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, 710062, China
| | - Yuanhui Sun
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, MOE, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, 710062, China
| | - Ping Jing
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, MOE, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, 710062, China
| | - Panli He
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, MOE, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, 710062, China
| | - Di Gao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, MOE, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, 710062, China
| | - Yu Fang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, MOE, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, 710062, China
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20
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Bruña S, González-Vadillo AM, Nieto D, Pastor C, Cuadrado I. Vinyl-Functionalized Silanes and Disiloxanes with Electronically Communicated Ferrocenyl Units. Organometallics 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/om1002733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - César Pastor
- Laboratorio de Difracción de Rayos X del Servicio Interdepartamental de Investigación, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, 29049, Madrid, Spain
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21
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Lataifeh A, Bondy CR, Kraatz H. Ferrocene Conjugates Containing Diarginine and Aspartic Acid: Salt Bridge Interactions in Water. Eur J Inorg Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.200900444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anas Lataifeh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario, N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Chantelle R. Bondy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario, N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Heinz‐Bernhard Kraatz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario, N6A 5B7, Canada
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22
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Molina P, Tárraga A, Caballero A. Ferrocene‐Based Small Molecules for Multichannel Molecular Recognition of Cations and Anions. Eur J Inorg Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.200800474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Molina
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Murcia, Facultad de Química, Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain, Fax: +34‐968364149
| | - Alberto Tárraga
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Murcia, Facultad de Química, Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain, Fax: +34‐968364149
| | - Antonio Caballero
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Murcia, Facultad de Química, Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain, Fax: +34‐968364149
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23
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Yuan WZ, Sun JZ, Liu JZ, Dong Y, Li Z, Xu HP, Qin A, Häussler M, Jin JK, Zheng Q, Tang BZ. Processable Hybrids of Ferrocene-Containing Poly(phenylacetylene)s and Carbon Nanotubes: Fabrication and Properties. J Phys Chem B 2008; 112:8896-905. [DOI: 10.1021/jp801892t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wang Zhang Yuan
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China, Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China, and Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Jing Zhi Sun
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China, Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China, and Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Jian Zhao Liu
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China, Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China, and Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Yongqiang Dong
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China, Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China, and Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Zhen Li
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China, Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China, and Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Hai Peng Xu
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China, Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China, and Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Anjun Qin
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China, Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China, and Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Matthias Häussler
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China, Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China, and Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Jia Ke Jin
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China, Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China, and Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Qiang Zheng
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China, Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China, and Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China, Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China, and Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
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Abstract
Dendrimers are versatile building blocks for "bottom-up" nanofabrication because they combine molecular structure and nanoscale dimensions. Moreover, dendrimers can be functionalized at their numerous peripheral end groups, in their core, along their branches, and in the voids of their interior. This Frontier highlights the potential of metal containing dendrimers for nanofabrication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bart Jan Ravoo
- Organic Chemistry Institute and Center for Nanotechnology (CeNTech), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149, Münster, Germany.
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25
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Yuan WZ, Mao Y, Zhao H, Sun JZ, Xu HP, Jin JK, Zheng Q, Tang BZ. Electronic Interactions and Polymer Effect in the Functionalization and Solvation of Carbon Nanotubes by Pyrene- and Ferrocene-Containing Poly(1-alkyne)s. Macromolecules 2008. [DOI: 10.1021/ma701956a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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26
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Newkome GR, Shreiner CD. Poly(amidoamine), polypropylenimine, and related dendrimers and dendrons possessing different 1→2 branching motifs: An overview of the divergent procedures. POLYMER 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2007.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 313] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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27
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Kaifer AE. Electron Transfer and Molecular Recognition in Metallocene‐Containing Dendrimers. Eur J Inorg Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.200700817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Angel E. Kaifer
- Center for Supramolecular Science and Department of Chemistry, University of Miami Coral Gables, FL 33124‐0431, USA, Fax: +1‐305‐284‐4571
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Deng L, Wang L, Yu H, Wang J, Dong X, Li J, Tan Q, Huo J. Synthesis and electrochemical properties of phloroglucin-based ferrocenyl compounds and their application in anion recognition. J Appl Polym Sci 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/app.27130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Host-Guest Interactions betweenN,N′-Bis(ferrocenylmethylene)-Diaminobutane and Benzenetetracarboxylic Dianhydride Bridged Bis(β-cyclodextrin)s. CHINESE J CHEM 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.200690316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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30
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Horie M, Sakano T, Osakada K. Preparation and electrochemical properties of SAM of alkanethiols functionalized with 2-aza[3]ferrocenophane on gold electrode. J Organomet Chem 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2006.09.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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31
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Nijhuis CA, Dolatowska KA, Ravoo BJ, Huskens J, Reinhoudt DN. Redox-Controlled Interaction of Biferrocenyl-Terminated Dendrimers with β-Cyclodextrin Molecular Printboards. Chemistry 2006; 13:69-80. [PMID: 17042045 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200600777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
This paper describes the synthesis and electrochemistry of biferrocenyl-terminated dendrimers and their beta-cyclodextrin (beta-CD) inclusion complexes in aqueous solution and at surfaces. Three generations of poly(propylene imine) (PPI) dendrimers, decorated with 4, 8, and 16 biferrocenyl (BFc) units, respectively, were synthesized. A water-soluble BFc derivative forms stable inclusion complexes with beta-CD. The intrinsic binding constant is K(i)=2.5 x 10(4) M(-1). The BFc dendrimers were solubilized in water by complexation of the end groups with beta-CD, resulting in large water-soluble supramolecular assemblies. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) showed that all the end groups are complexed to beta-CD. Adsorption of the dendrimers at self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of heptathioether-functionalized beta-CD on gold ("molecular printboards") resulted in stable monolayers of the dendrimers due to the formation of multivalent host-guest interactions between the BFc end groups of the dendrimers and the immobilized beta-CD molecules. The number of interacting end groups is 3, 4, and 4 for dendrimer generations 1, 2, and 3, respectively. The complexation of BFc to beta-CD is sensitive to the oxidation state of the BFc unit. Oxidation of neutral BFc-Fe(2) ((II,II)) to the cationic, mixed-valence biferrocenium BFc-Fe(2) ((II,III)+) resulted in dissociation of the host-guest complexes. Scan-rate-dependent CV and DPV analyses of the dendrimer-beta-CD assemblies immobilized at the beta-CD host surface and in solution revealed that the dendrimers are oxidized in three steps. First, the surface-beta-CD-bound BFc moieties are oxidized to the mixed-valence state, Fe(2) ((II,III)+), followed by the oxidation of the non-surface-interacting BFc groups to the Fe(2) ((II,III)+) state. The third step involves the oxidation of all the BFc moieties to the Fe(2) ((III,III)2+) state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian A Nijhuis
- Supramolecular Chemistry and Technology, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
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Li Z, Lam JWY, Dong Y, Dong Y, Sung HHY, Williams ID, Tang BZ. Construction of Hyperbranched Polyphenylenes Containing Ferrocenyl Units by Alkyne Polycyclotrimerization. Macromolecules 2006. [DOI: 10.1021/ma0601823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Li
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, and Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Jacky W. Y. Lam
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, and Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Yongqiang Dong
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, and Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Yuping Dong
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, and Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Herman H. Y. Sung
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, and Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Ian D. Williams
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, and Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, and Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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Heitzmann M, Bucher C, Moutet JC, Royal G, Saint-Aman E, Gateau C, Lebrun C, Delangle P. Electrochemical Signature of the Coordination Mode in Metal Complexes With a tris-Ferrocenyl Derivative of the Taci Ligand. Supramol Chem 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/10610270500259890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marie Heitzmann
- a Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Organique et de Photochimie Rédox, UMR CNRS 5630, Université Joseph Fourier Grenoble 1 , BP5338041, Grenoble Cédex 9, France
| | - Christophe Bucher
- a Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Organique et de Photochimie Rédox, UMR CNRS 5630, Université Joseph Fourier Grenoble 1 , BP5338041, Grenoble Cédex 9, France
| | - Jean-Claude Moutet
- a Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Organique et de Photochimie Rédox, UMR CNRS 5630, Université Joseph Fourier Grenoble 1 , BP5338041, Grenoble Cédex 9, France
| | - Guy Royal
- a Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Organique et de Photochimie Rédox, UMR CNRS 5630, Université Joseph Fourier Grenoble 1 , BP5338041, Grenoble Cédex 9, France
| | - Eric Saint-Aman
- a Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Organique et de Photochimie Rédox, UMR CNRS 5630, Université Joseph Fourier Grenoble 1 , BP5338041, Grenoble Cédex 9, France
| | - Christelle Gateau
- b Laboratoire de Reconnaissance Ionique, LCIB (UMR-E N 3—CEA-UJF), DRFMC, CEA-Grenoble , 38054, Grenoble Cedex 09, France
| | - Colette Lebrun
- b Laboratoire de Reconnaissance Ionique, LCIB (UMR-E N 3—CEA-UJF), DRFMC, CEA-Grenoble , 38054, Grenoble Cedex 09, France
| | - Pascale Delangle
- b Laboratoire de Reconnaissance Ionique, LCIB (UMR-E N 3—CEA-UJF), DRFMC, CEA-Grenoble , 38054, Grenoble Cedex 09, France
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34
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Synthesis and Electrochemical Investigation of Oligomeric Ferrocene Amides: Towards Ferrocene Polyamides. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2006. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-006-9040-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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35
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Roland BK, Flora WH, Selby HD, Armstrong NR, Zheng Z. Dendritic Arrays of [Re6(μ3-Se)8]2+ Core-Containing Clusters: Exploratory Synthesis and Electrochemical Studies. J Am Chem Soc 2006; 128:6620-5. [PMID: 16704262 DOI: 10.1021/ja057548w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The reaction between the previously reported site-differentiated cluster solvate [Re(6)(mu(3)-Se)(8)(PEt(3))(5)(MeCN)](SbF(6))(2) (1) with pyridyl-based ditopic ligands 4,4'-trimethylenedipyridine (2), 1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethane (3), and (E)-1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethene (4) afforded cluster complexes of the general formula [Re(6)(mu(3)-Se)(8)(PEt(3))(5)(L)](SbF(6))(2) (5-7), where L represents one of the pyridyl-based ligands. Reacting these cluster complex-based ligands with the fully solvated cluster complex [Re(6)(mu(3)-Se)(8)(MeCN)(6)](SbF(6))(2) (8) produced dendritic arrays of the general formula {Re(6)(mu(3)-Se)(8)[Re(6)(mu(3)-Se)(8)(PEt(3))(5)(L)](6)}(SbF(6))(14) (9-11), each featuring six circumjacent [Re(6)(mu(3)-Se)(8)(PEt(3))(5)](2+) units bridged to a [Re(6)(mu(3)-Se)(8)](2+) core cluster by the pyridyl-based ligands. Electrochemical studies using a thin-layer electrochemical cell revealed cluster-based redox events in these cluster arrays. For 9 (L = 2), one reversible oxidation event corresponding to the removal of 7 electrons was observed, indicating noninteraction or extremely weak interactions between the clusters. For 10 (L = 3), two poorly resolved oxidation waves were found. For 11 (L = 4), two reversible oxidation events, corresponding respectively to the removal of 1 and 6 electrons, were observed with the 1-electron oxidation event occurring at a potential 150 mV more positive than the 6-electron oxidation. These electrochemical studies suggest intercluster coupling in 11 via through-bond electronic delocalization, which is consistent with electronic spectroscopic studies of this same molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan K Roland
- Department of Chemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
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Suzuki M, Nakajima R, Tsuruta M, Higuchi M, Einaga Y, Yamamoto K. Synthesis of Ferrocene-Modified Phenylazomethine Dendrimers Possessing Redox Switching. Macromolecules 2005. [DOI: 10.1021/ma052268m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mana Suzuki
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - Reina Nakajima
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - Masanori Tsuruta
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Higuchi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - Yasuaki Einaga
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - Kimihisa Yamamoto
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
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Ong W, Grindstaff J, Sobransingh D, Toba R, Quintela JM, Peinador C, Kaifer AE. Electrochemical and Guest Binding Properties of Fréchet- and Newkome-Type Dendrimers with a Single Viologen Unit Located at Their Apical Positions. J Am Chem Soc 2005; 127:3353-61. [PMID: 15755152 DOI: 10.1021/ja049530b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Several new series of dendrimers containing a single redox-active 4,4'-bipyridinium (viologen) residue were synthesized and characterized. In these dendrimers, the viologen group is covalently attached to the apical position of a Newkome- or Frechet-type dendron, ranging in size from first to third generation of growth. The half-wave potentials corresponding to the two consecutive one-electron reductions of the viologen residue are affected by the size of the dendritic component. The size effects are more pronounced in the Newkome-type dendrimers and seem to result from the polarity contrast between the microenvironments provided by the solution and the internal phase of the dendrimer. Unlike in many other dendrimers having a redox-active core, the voltammetric behavior remains fast (reversible) even in third generation dendrimers. Pulse gradient stimulated echo NMR diffusion coefficient measurements on the Newkome-type dendrimers reveal that their hydrodynamic radii are relatively invariant in solvents of widely different polarities (dichloromethane to dimethyl sulfoxide). The host-guest binding interactions between the viologen residue in these dendrimers and the crown ether host bis-p-phenylene-34-crown-8 were also investigated. While in Newkome-type dendrimers the growth of the dendron caused a substantial attenuation of the binding constant values, this size effect was not observed in the Frechet-type dendrimers. These electrochemical and binding measurements underscore some of the structural differences between these two common types of dendritic architectures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Winston Ong
- Center for Supramolecular Science and Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida 33124-0431, USA
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Plażuk D, Zakrzewski J. Acylation of Ferrocene and a 1,1′‐Diphosphaferrocene with Acyl Trifluoroacetates in the Presence of Trifluoromethanesulfonic (Triflic) Acid or Some Metal Triflates. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2004. [DOI: 10.1081/scc-120027243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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39
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Where organometallics and dendrimers merge: the incorporation of organometallic species into dendritic molecules. J Organomet Chem 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2004.07.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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40
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Plażuk D, Rybarczyk-Pirek A, Zakrzewski J. β-Ferrocenyl-α,β-unsaturated phosphonates and sulfones. J Organomet Chem 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2003.12.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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41
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Horie M, Suzaki Y, Osakada K. Formation of Pseudorotaxane Induced by Electrochemical Oxidation of Ferrocene-Containing Axis Molecule in the Presence of Crown Ether. J Am Chem Soc 2004; 126:3684-5. [PMID: 15038700 DOI: 10.1021/ja039899l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The electrochemical oxidation of aminomethylferrocenes in the presence of dibenzo[24]crown-8 affords pseudorotaxanes containing a ferrocenyl group in its axis moiety. The formation of the pseudorotaxanes results from formation of secondary ammonium ions by rapid electron transfer from the N atom to the initially formed Fe(III) state, followed by hydrogen atom transfer from TEMPOH to the N+*.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Horie
- Chemical Resources Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8503, Japan
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42
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Heitzmann M, Moutet JC, Pécaut J, Reynes O, Royal G, Saint-Aman E, Serratrice G. Modulation of the Communication between Redox Centers in a Tris(ferrocene)-tren Ligand by Complexation of Lanthanide Ions. Eur J Inorg Chem 2003. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.200300076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Cotton FA, Donahue JP, Murillo CA. Polyunsaturated dicarboxylate tethers connecting dimolybdenum redox and chromophoric centers: syntheses, structures, and electrochemistry. J Am Chem Soc 2003; 125:5436-50. [PMID: 12720458 DOI: 10.1021/ja029101i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Compounds with two quadruply bonded Mo(2)(4+) units, Mo(2)(DAniF)(3) (DAniF = N,N '-di-p-anisylformamidinate), linked by unsaturated dicarboxylate dianions of various lengths have been prepared and their spectroscopic and electrochemical properties studied. As identified by the dicarboxylate linkers, these compounds are maleate (7), allene-1,3-dicarboxylate (10), cis,cis-muconate (11), trans,trans-muconate (12), octa-2,4,6-trans,trans,trans-hexatriene-1,8-dioate (tamuate, 13), and deca-2,4,6,8-trans,trans,trans,trans-octatetraene-1,10-dioate (texate, 14). The latter three molecules complete the five-membered (all trans) series [Mo(2)(DAniF)(3)](O(2)C(CH=CH)(n)CO(2))[Mo(2)(DAniF)(3)] (n = 0-4). Several unsymmetrical paddlewheel compounds of the type Mo(2)(DAniF)(3)(O(2)CX) (X = C triple bond CH (3), CH=CH(2) (4), (E)-CH=CH-CH=CH(2) (5)) have also been prepared for comparison to the molecules in which there are linked Mo(2) units. The precursors [Mo(2)(DAniF)(3)(MeCN)(2)](BPh(4)), [1]BPh(4), and Mo(2)(DAniF)(3)Cl(MeCN) (2) have also been isolated and characterized. The structures of all new molecules have been established by X-ray crystallography, including the methyl esters of various carboxylates used as ligands. All of the linked molecules have been examined by cyclic and differential pulse voltammetry, and deltaE(1/2) values, the separation between successive Mo(2)(4+)/Mo(2)(5+) oxidations, have been determined. Those compounds with highly unsaturated, fully conjugated linkers demonstrate electrochemical communication from end-to-end that is more persistent over distance than is accounted for by an electrostatic interaction alone, implying that the pi system of these dicarboxylate linkers is mediating communication. In the series [Mo(2)(DAniF)(3)](O(2)C(CH=CH)(n)CO(2))[Mo(2)(DAniF)(3)] (n = 0-4), the first oxidation potential shifts progressively to less positive values due to an increasing contribution of the polyolefinic alpha,omega-dicarboxylate to the molecular orbital undergoing oxidation. This first oxidation potential approaches a limiting value of 63 mV (vs Ag/AgCl) as n becomes infinitely long. Compound 11 can be photoisomerized to 12 in a process that is affected by the presence of the Mo(2)(4+) units, as the analogous rearrangement of dimethyl cis,cis-muconate is faster.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Albert Cotton
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory for Molecular Structure and Bonding, P.O. Box 30012, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842-3012, USA.
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46
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Plazuk D, Zakrzewski J. Friedel-Crafts type reaction of ferrocene with beta-ketoesters. J Org Chem 2002; 67:8672-4. [PMID: 12444657 DOI: 10.1021/jo025717e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of ferrocene with beta-ketoesters in the presence of BF3.Et2O or CF3SO3H affords beta-ferrocenyl-alpha,beta-unsaturated esters in 56-83% yield. In the case of alpha-unsubstituted-beta-ketoesters the reaction is totally E-stereoselective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damian Plazuk
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Lodz, 90-136 Lodz, Narutowicza 68, Poland.
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Turrin CO, Chiffre J, Daran JC, de Montauzon D, Balavoine G, Manoury É, Caminade AM, Majoral JP. New phosphorus-containing dendrimers with ferrocenyl units in each layer. CR CHIM 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s1631-0748(02)01382-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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48
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Ashton PR, Balzani V, Clemente-León M, Colonna B, Credi A, Jayaraman N, Raymo FM, Stoddart JF, Venturi M. Ferrocene-containing carbohydrate dendrimers. Chemistry 2002; 8:673-84. [PMID: 11855715 DOI: 10.1002/1521-3765(20020201)8:3<673::aid-chem673>3.0.co;2-d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Aliphatic amines, incorporating one or three (branched) acylated beta-D-glucopyranosyl residues, were coupled with the acid chloride of ferrocenecarboxylic acid and with the diacid chloride of 1,1'-ferrocenedicarboxylic acid to afford four dendrimer-type, carbohydrate-coated ferrocene derivatives in good yields (54-92%). Deprotection of the peracylated beta-D-glucopyranosyl residues was achieved quantitatively by using Zemplén conditions, affording four water-soluble ferrocene derivatives. When only one of the two cyclopentadienyl rings of the ferrocene unit is substituted, strong complexes are formed with beta-cyclodextrin in H2O, as demonstrated by liquid secondary ion mass spectrometry (LSIMS), 1H NMR spectroscopy, electrochemical measurements, and circular dichroism spectroscopy. Molecular dynamics calculations showed that the unsubstituted cyclopentadienyl ring is inserted through the cavity of the toroidal host in these complexes. The electrochemical behavior of the protected and deprotected ferrocene-containing dendrimers was investigated in acetonitrile and water, respectively. The diffusion coefficient decreases with increasing molecular weight of the compound. The potential for oxidation of the ferrocene core, the rate constant of heterogeneous electron transfer, and the rate constant for the energy-transfer reaction with the luminescent excited state of the [Ru(bpy)3]2+ complex (bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine) are strongly affected by the number (one or two) of substituents and by the number (one or three) of carbohydrate branches present in the substituents. These effects are assigned to shielding of the ferrocene core by the dendritic branches. Electrochemical evidence for the existence of different conformers for one of the dendrimers in aqueous solution was obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter R Ashton
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, UK
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