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Pearce KG, Morris LJ, Robinson TP, Johnson AL, Mahon MF, Hill MS. From alkaline earth to coinage metal carboranyls. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:6653-6659. [PMID: 38525661 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt00478g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
The β-diketiminato calcium and magnesium complexes, [(BDI)MgnBu] and [(BDI)CaH]2 (BDI = HC{C(Me)NDipp}2; Dipp = 2,6-di-isopropylphenyl), react with ortho-carborane (o-C2B10H12) to provide the respective [(BDI)Ae(o-C2B10H11)] (Ae = Mg or Ca) complexes. While the lighter group 2 species is a monomer with magnesium in a distorted trigonal planar environment, the heavier analogue displays a puckered geometry at calcium in the solid state due to Ca⋯H-B intermolecular interactions. These secondary contacts are, however, readily disrupted upon addition of THF to provide the 4-coordinate monomer, [(BDI)Ca(THF)(o-C2B10H11)]. [(BDI)Mg(o-C2B10H11)] was reacted with [NHCIPrMCl] (NHCIPr = 1,3-bis(isopropyl)imidazol-2-ylidene; M = Cu, Ag, Au) to provide [NHCIPrM(o-C2B10H11)], rare C-bonded examples of coinage metal derivatives of unsubstituted (o-C2B10H11)- and confirming the alkaline earth compounds as viable reagents for the transmetalation of the carboranyl anion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle G Pearce
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK.
| | - Louis J Morris
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK.
| | - Thomas P Robinson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK.
| | - Andrew L Johnson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK.
| | - Mary F Mahon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK.
| | - Michael S Hill
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK.
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Pearce KG, Dinoi C, Schwamm RJ, Maron L, Mahon MF, Hill MS. Variable Ca-C aryl Hapticity and its Consequences in Arylcalcium Dimers. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2304765. [PMID: 37715248 PMCID: PMC10625118 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202304765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
The dimeric β-diketiminato calcium hydride, [(Dipp BDI)CaH]2 (Dipp BDI = HC{(Me)CN-2,6-i-Pr2 C6 H3 }2 ), reacts with ortho-, meta- or para-tolyl mercuric compounds to afford hydridoarylcalcium compounds, [(Dipp BDI)2 Ca2 (μ-H)(μ-o-,m-,p-tolyl)], in which dimer propagation occurs either via μ2 -η1 -η1 or μ2 -η1 -η6 bridging between the calcium centers. In each case, the orientation and hapticity of the aryl units is dependent upon the position of the methyl substituent. While wholly organometallic meta- and para-tolyl dimers, [(Dipp BDI)Ca(m-tolyl)]2 and [(Dipp BDI)Ca(p-tolyl)]2 , can be prepared and are stable, the ortho-tolyl isomer is prone to isomerization to a calcium benzyl analog. Computational analysis of this latter process with density functional theory (DFT) highlights an unusual mechanism invoking the generation of an intermediate dicalcium species in which the group 2 centers are bridged by a toluene dianion formed by the formal attachment of the original hydride anion to the initially generated ortho-tolyl substituent. Use of a more sterically encumbered aryl substituent, {3,5-t-Bu2 C6 H3 }, facilitates the selective formation of [(Dipp BDI)Ca(μ-H)(μ-3,5-t-Bu2 C6 H3 )Ca(Dipp BDI)], which can be converted into the unsymmetrically-substituted σ-aryl calcium complexes, [(Dipp BDI)Ca(μ-Ph)(μ-3,5-t-Bu2 C6 H3 )Ca(Dipp BDI)] and [(Dipp BDI)Ca(μ-p-tolyl)(μ-3,5-t-Bu2 C6 H3 )Ca(Dipp BDI)] by reaction with the appropriate mercuric diaryl. Conversion of [(Dipp BDI)Ca(H)(Ph)Ca(Dipp BDI)] to afford [{{(Dipp BDI)Ca}2 (μ2 -Cl)}2 (C6 H5 -C6 H5 )], comprising a biphenyl dianion, is also reported. Although this latter transformation is serendipitous, AIM analysis highlights that, in a related manner to the ortho-tolyl to benzyl isomerization, the requisite C-C coupling may be facilitated in an "across dimer" fashion by the experimentally-observed polyhapto engagement of the aryl substituents with each calcium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle G. Pearce
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of BathClaverton DownBathBA2 7AYUK
| | - Chiara Dinoi
- Université de Toulouse et CNRSINSAUPSUMR 5215LPCNO135 Avenue de RangueilToulouseF‐31077France
| | - Ryan J. Schwamm
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of BathClaverton DownBathBA2 7AYUK
| | - Laurent Maron
- Université de Toulouse et CNRSINSAUPSUMR 5215LPCNO135 Avenue de RangueilToulouseF‐31077France
| | - Mary F. Mahon
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of BathClaverton DownBathBA2 7AYUK
| | - Michael S. Hill
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of BathClaverton DownBathBA2 7AYUK
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Mai J, Morasch M, Jędrzkiewicz D, Langer J, Rösch B, Harder S. Alkaline-Earth Metal Mediated Benzene-to-Biphenyl Coupling. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202212463. [PMID: 36426597 PMCID: PMC10107259 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202212463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Complex [(DIPeP BDI)Ca]2 (C6 H6 ), with a C6 H6 2- dianion bridging two Ca2+ ions, reacts with benzene to yield [(DIPeP BDI)Ca]2 (biphenyl) with a bridging biphenyl2- dianion (DIPeP BDI=HC[C(Me)N-DIPeP]2 ; DIPeP=2,6-CH(Et)2 -phenyl). The biphenyl complex was also prepared by reacting [(DIPeP BDI)Ca]2 (C6 H6 ) with biphenyl or by reduction of [(DIPeP BDI)CaI]2 with KC8 in presence of biphenyl. Benzene-benzene coupling was also observed when the deep purple product of ball-milling [(DIPP BDI)CaI(THF)]2 with K/KI was extracted with benzene (DIPP=2,6-CH(Me)2 -phenyl) giving crystalline [(DIPP BDI)Ca(THF)]2 (biphenyl) (52 % yield). Reduction of [(DIPeP BDI)SrI]2 with KC8 gave highly labile [(DIPeP BDI)Sr]2 (C6 H6 ) as a black powder (61 % yield) which reacts rapidly and selectively with benzene to [(DIPeP BDI)Sr]2 (biphenyl). DFT calculations show that the most likely route for biphenyl formation is a pathway in which the C6 H6 2- dianion attacks neutral benzene. This is facilitated by metal-benzene coordination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Mai
- Inorganic and Organometallic ChemistryUniversität Erlangen-NürnbergEgerlandstrasse 191058ErlangenGermany
| | - Michael Morasch
- Inorganic and Organometallic ChemistryUniversität Erlangen-NürnbergEgerlandstrasse 191058ErlangenGermany
| | - Dawid Jędrzkiewicz
- Inorganic and Organometallic ChemistryUniversität Erlangen-NürnbergEgerlandstrasse 191058ErlangenGermany
| | - Jens Langer
- Inorganic and Organometallic ChemistryUniversität Erlangen-NürnbergEgerlandstrasse 191058ErlangenGermany
| | - Bastian Rösch
- Inorganic and Organometallic ChemistryUniversität Erlangen-NürnbergEgerlandstrasse 191058ErlangenGermany
| | - Sjoerd Harder
- Inorganic and Organometallic ChemistryUniversität Erlangen-NürnbergEgerlandstrasse 191058ErlangenGermany
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Liu Y, Zhu K, Chen L, Liu S, Ren W. Azobenzenyl Calcium Complex: Synthesis and Reactivity Studies of a Ca(I) Synthon. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:20373-20384. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c03008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yumiao Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Kang Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Liang Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Song Liu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Environmental Materials and Remediation Technologies, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing 402160, China
| | - Wenshan Ren
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
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Schuhknecht D, Spaniol TP, Yang Y, Maron L, Okuda J. Reactivity of a Molecular Calcium Hydride Cation ([CaH] +) Supported by an NNNN Macrocycle. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:9406-9415. [PMID: 32543844 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c01289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The hydride ligand in the cationic calcium hydride supported by a NNNN-type macrocycle, [(Me4TACD)2Ca2(μ-H)2(THF)][BAr4]2 (1; Me4TACD = 1,4,7,10-tetramethyl-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane; THF = tetrahydrofuran; BAr4 = B(C6H3-3,5-Me2)4), shows, in addition to its Brönsted basicity toward weak acids, a pronounced nucleophilicity resulting in nucleophilic substitution or insertion (addition) at a silicon or sp2 carbon center. Terminal acetylenes RC≡CH (R = SiMe3, cyclopropyl) as well as 1,4-diphenylbutadiene were deprotonated by 1 to give dinuclear complexes [(Me4TACD)2Ca2(μ-C≡CR)2][BAr4]2 (2a, R = SiMe3; 2b, R = cyclopropyl) and [(Me4TACD)2Ca2(μ2-η4-1,4-Ph2C4H2)][BAr4]2 (3) with H2 evolution. The addition reaction with BH3(THF) gave a tetrahydridoborate complex, [(Me4TACD)Ca(BH4)(THF)2][BAr4] (4), with κ2-H2BH2 coordination in the solid state, suggesting a pronounced Lewis acidic calcium center. The behavior resulting from both Lewis acidity and hydricity becomes apparent in the nucleophilic substitution of fluorobenzene by 1 to give benzene and the dimeric fluoride complex [(Me4TACD)2Ca2(μ-F)2(THF)][BAr4]2·2.5THF (5). Analogous nucleophilic substitution reaction is observed for heterofunctionalized organosilanes XSiR3 [X = I, N(SiHMe2)2, N3; R = Me3 or HMe2], which resulted in the formation of calcium complexes [(Me4TACD)Ca(X)(THF)n][BAr4] (6-8) containing an X ligand along with hydrosilane HSiR3. An insertion reaction by 1 was observed with CO2 and CO to give dinuclear formato complex [(Me4TACD)2Ca2(μ-OCHO)2][BAr4]2 (9) and cis-enediolato complex [(Me4TACD)2Ca2(μ-OCH═CHO)][BAr4]2·3.5THF (10), respectively. The latter is believed to have been formed as a result of the dimerization of an initially generated formyl or oxymethylene complex, [(Me4TACD)Ca(OCH)]+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danny Schuhknecht
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Thomas P Spaniol
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Yan Yang
- CNRS, INSA, UPS, UMR 5215, LPCNO, Université de Toulouse, 135 avenue de Rangueil, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Laurent Maron
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Jun Okuda
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52056 Aachen, Germany
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Khristolyubov DO, Lyubov DM, Shavyrin AS, Cherkasov AV, Fukin GK, Trifonov AA. Ln( ii) and Ca( ii) NC sp3N pincer type diarylmethanido complexes – promising catalysts for C–C and C–E (E = Si, P, N, S) bond formation. Inorg Chem Front 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qi00369g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The first examples of Ln(ii) (Ln = Yb, Sm) and Ca [NCsp3N] pincer type diarylmethanido complexes were synthesized and successfully used as efficient and selective precatalyst for intermolecular C–C and C–E bond formation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dmitry M. Lyubov
- Institute of Organometallic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences
- Nizhny Novgorod
- Russia
| | - Andrey S. Shavyrin
- Institute of Organometallic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences
- Nizhny Novgorod
- Russia
| | - Anton V. Cherkasov
- Institute of Organometallic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences
- Nizhny Novgorod
- Russia
| | - Georgy K. Fukin
- Institute of Organometallic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences
- Nizhny Novgorod
- Russia
| | - Alexander A. Trifonov
- Institute of Organometallic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences
- Nizhny Novgorod
- Russia
- Institute of Organoelement Compounds of Russian Academy of Sciences
- Moscow
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8
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Wei B, Zhang WX, Xi Z. Well-defined styryl and biphenyl calcium complexes from dilithio compounds and calcium iodide: synthesis, structure and reactivity toward nitrous oxide. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:12540-12545. [PMID: 29756145 DOI: 10.1039/c8dt01046c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Efficient synthesis and structure elucidation of carbon–calcium σ-bonded compounds are of remarkable interest and importance in organometallic chemistry of the heavier s-block metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baosheng Wei
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS)
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Peking University
- Beijing 100871
| | - Wen-Xiong Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS)
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Peking University
- Beijing 100871
| | - Zhenfeng Xi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS)
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Peking University
- Beijing 100871
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9
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Powell MJ, Carmalt CJ. Aerosols: A Sustainable Route to Functional Materials. Chemistry 2017; 23:15543-15552. [PMID: 28868621 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201703347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Sustainability is an increasingly important topic in the design and manufacture of materials, with the need to reduce the environmental impact of producing materials being of paramount significance. A competing interest to this is the ability to produce functional materials in large volumes from a fast, on-line process, which can be integrated easily into existing industrial setups. Herein, we present aerosol-assisted chemical vapour deposition (AACVD) routes to advanced functional materials. We will show that by careful design of precursors and manipulation of deposition conditions, it is possible to achieve high sustainability whilst maintaining fast growth rates and large scale production of thin film functional materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Powell
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK
| | - Claire J Carmalt
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK
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10
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Wei B, Liu L, Zhang WX, Xi Z. Synthesis and Structural Characterization of Butadienylcalcium-based Heavy Grignard Reagents and a Ca4[O] Inverse Crown Ether Complex. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201704176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Baosheng Wei
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS); Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry; Peking University; Beijing 100871 China
| | - Liang Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS); Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry; Peking University; Beijing 100871 China
| | - Wen-Xiong Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS); Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry; Peking University; Beijing 100871 China
| | - Zhenfeng Xi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS); Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry; Peking University; Beijing 100871 China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry; Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry; Shanghai 200032 China
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11
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Wei B, Liu L, Zhang WX, Xi Z. Synthesis and Structural Characterization of Butadienylcalcium-based Heavy Grignard Reagents and a Ca4[O] Inverse Crown Ether Complex. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:9188-9192. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201704176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2017] [Revised: 05/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Baosheng Wei
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS); Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry; Peking University; Beijing 100871 China
| | - Liang Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS); Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry; Peking University; Beijing 100871 China
| | - Wen-Xiong Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS); Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry; Peking University; Beijing 100871 China
| | - Zhenfeng Xi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS); Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry; Peking University; Beijing 100871 China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry; Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry; Shanghai 200032 China
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12
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Roşca SC, Caytan E, Dorcet V, Roisnel T, Carpentier JF, Sarazin Y. π Ligands in Alkaline Earth Complexes. Organometallics 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.7b00006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sorin-Claudiu Roşca
- Université de Rennes
1, CNRS, UMR 6226, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, Campus de Beaulieu, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Elsa Caytan
- Université de Rennes
1, CNRS, UMR 6226, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, Campus de Beaulieu, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Vincent Dorcet
- Université de Rennes
1, CNRS, UMR 6226, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, Campus de Beaulieu, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Thierry Roisnel
- Université de Rennes
1, CNRS, UMR 6226, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, Campus de Beaulieu, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Jean-François Carpentier
- Université de Rennes
1, CNRS, UMR 6226, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, Campus de Beaulieu, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Yann Sarazin
- Université de Rennes
1, CNRS, UMR 6226, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, Campus de Beaulieu, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France
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Romero N, Dufrois Q, Vendier L, Dinoi C, Etienne M. Highly Fluorinated Tris(indazolyl)borate Hydrocarbyl Complexes of Calcium and Magnesium: Synthesis and Structural Studies. Organometallics 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.6b00783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nuria Romero
- CNRS, LCC (Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination), 205 Route de Narbonne, 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, INPT, LCC, 31077 Toulouse
Cedex 4, France
| | - Quentin Dufrois
- CNRS, LCC (Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination), 205 Route de Narbonne, 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, INPT, LCC, 31077 Toulouse
Cedex 4, France
| | - Laure Vendier
- CNRS, LCC (Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination), 205 Route de Narbonne, 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, INPT, LCC, 31077 Toulouse
Cedex 4, France
| | - Chiara Dinoi
- CNRS, LCC (Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination), 205 Route de Narbonne, 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, INPT, LCC, 31077 Toulouse
Cedex 4, France
| | - Michel Etienne
- CNRS, LCC (Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination), 205 Route de Narbonne, 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, INPT, LCC, 31077 Toulouse
Cedex 4, France
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14
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Hill MS, Liptrot DJ, Weetman C. Alkaline earths as main group reagents in molecular catalysis. Chem Soc Rev 2016; 45:972-88. [PMID: 26797470 DOI: 10.1039/c5cs00880h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 369] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The past decade has witnessed some remarkable advances in our appreciation of the structural and reaction chemistry of the heavier alkaline earth (Ae = Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba) elements. Derived from complexes of these metals in their immutable +2 oxidation state, a broad and widely applicable catalytic chemistry has also emerged, driven by considerations of cost and inherent low toxicity. The considerable adjustments incurred to ionic radius and resultant cation charge density also provide reactivity with significant mechanistic and kinetic variability as group 2 is descended. In an attempt to place these advances in the broader context of contemporary main group element chemistry, this review focusses on the developing state of the art in both multiple bond heterofunctionalisation and cross coupling catalysis. We review specific advances in alkene and alkyne hydroamination and hydrophosphination catalysis and related extensions of this reactivity that allow the synthesis of a wide variety of acyclic and heterocyclic small molecules. The use of heavier alkaline earth hydride derivatives as pre-catalysts and intermediates in multiple bond hydrogenation, hydrosilylation and hydroboration is also described along with the emergence of these and related reagents in a variety of dehydrocoupling processes that allow that facile catalytic construction of Si-C, Si-N and B-N bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael S Hill
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK.
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15
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Zhao Y, Liu Y, Wu B, Yang XJ. Reactions of α-diimine-aluminum complexes with sodium alkynides: versatile structures of aluminum σ-alkynide complexes. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:13671-80. [PMID: 26147659 DOI: 10.1039/c5dt01693b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Reaction of AlCl(3) with the monoanionic α-diimine ligand [NaL] yielded the complex [L˙(-)Al(III)Cl(2)(-)] (1, L = [(2,6-iPr(2)C(6)H(3))NC(Me)](2)), and subsequent reduction of by sodium metal afforded the mononuclear [L(2-)Al(III)Cl(-)(THF)] (2) and binuclear [L(2-)(THF)Al(II)-Al(II)(THF)L(2-)] (3). Compounds 2 and 3 exhibit interesting reactivities to sodium alkynides at room temperature. Treatment of dialumane 3 with 1 equiv. of 4-methylphenylacetylene in the presence of sodium metal yielded the asymmetric Al-Al-bonded compound [Na(Et(2)O)][LAl-Al(C[triple bond, length as m-dash]C(C(6)H(4)-Me))L] (4) containing an alkynyl group attached to one of the Al atoms. The reaction of 2 with 4-methylphenylacetylene and Na (or sodium 4-methylphenylacetylide) resulted in the mononuclear product [L(THF)Al(C[triple bond, length as m-dash]C-(C(6)H(4)-Me))] (5) containing a single terminal acetylide ligand. Precursor 2 reacted with 2 equiv. of phenylacetylene (or 4-methylphenylacetylene, trimethylsilylacetylene) and Na to give the tweezer "ate" complexes, [Na(THF)(DME)][LAl(C[triple bond, length as m-dash]CR)(2)] (R = C(6)H(5), ; C(6)H(4)-Me, ; Si(Me)(3), 6c), [Na(THF)](2)[LAl(C[triple bond, length as m-dash]CPh)(2)](2)(μ-C(7)H(8)) (7), [Na(C(7)H(8))][(μ-Na)][LAl(C[triple bond, length as m-dash]CSi(Me)(3))(2)](2) (8), as well as the polymeric [LAl(C[triple bond, length as m-dash]CPh)(2)Na](n) (9). In the products, two alkynyl groups coordinate terminally to one Al center and a sodium ion is embedded between these two alkynyls. Interestingly, both cycloaddition and terminal acetylide coordination of three equiv. of alkyne occurred in the reaction of with 1-hexyne, resulting in the unique dialuminum complex [Na(Et(2)O)](2)[{L(C(C(4)H(9))[double bond, length as m-dash]CH)}Al(C[triple bond, length as m-dash]C(C(4)H(9)))(2)](2) (10). Complexes 1-10 have been characterized by NMR ((1)H, (13)C) and IR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and X-ray diffraction, and their electronic structures were studied by DFT calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxia Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China.
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Hut’ka M, Tsubogo T, Kobayashi S. Calcium-Catalyzed Bis-hydrothiolation of Unactivated Alkynes Providing Dithioacetals. Organometallics 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/om500442u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Hut’ka
- Department of Chemistry,
School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Tetsu Tsubogo
- Department of Chemistry,
School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Shu̅ Kobayashi
- Department of Chemistry,
School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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Yi W, Ma H. Magnesium and Calcium Complexes Containing Biphenyl-Based Tridentate Iminophenolate Ligands for Ring-Opening Polymerization of rac-Lactide. Inorg Chem 2013; 52:11821-35. [DOI: 10.1021/ic4012668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yi
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry
and Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, People’s Repulbic of China
| | - Haiyan Ma
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry
and Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, People’s Repulbic of China
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Arrowsmith M, Crimmin MR, Hill MS, Lomas SL, MacDougall DJ, Mahon MF. Catalytic and Stoichiometric Cumulene Formation within Dimeric Group 2 Acetylides. Organometallics 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/om400678d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Merle Arrowsmith
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K
| | - Mark R. Crimmin
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, South Kensington, London SW7
2AZ, U.K
| | - Michael S. Hill
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K
| | - Sarah L. Lomas
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K
| | | | - Mary F. Mahon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K
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Gao J, Li S, Zhao Y, Wu B, Yang XJ. Reactions of α-Diimine-Stabilized Zn–Zn-Bonded Compounds with Phenylacetylene. Organometallics 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/om200868j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis & Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, CAS, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
- Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's
Republic of China
| | - Shaoguang Li
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis & Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, CAS, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
- Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's
Republic of China
| | - Yanxia Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis & Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, CAS, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
- Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's
Republic of China
| | - Biao Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis & Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, CAS, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory
of Structural
Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, CAS, Fuzhou 350002, People's Republic of
China
| | - Xiao-Juan Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis & Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, CAS, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
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21
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Harder S, Spielmann J, Tobey B. Calcium-Amidoborane-Ammine Complexes: Thermal Decomposition of Model Systems. Chemistry 2012; 18:1984-91. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201102029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2011] [Revised: 09/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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22
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Stasch A. A β-diketiminato magnesium acetylide and formation of an imido aluminium magnesium hydride compound. Inorganica Chim Acta 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2011.06.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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23
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Gleiter R, Werz DB. Alkynes Between Main Group Elements: From Dumbbells via Rods to Squares and Tubes. Chem Rev 2010; 110:4447-88. [DOI: 10.1021/cr9003727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rolf Gleiter
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut der Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany, and Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie der Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstr. 2, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Daniel B. Werz
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut der Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany, and Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie der Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstr. 2, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
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Barrett AGM, Crimmin MR, Hill MS, Procopiou PA. Heterofunctionalization catalysis with organometallic complexes of calcium, strontium and barium. Proc Math Phys Eng Sci 2010. [DOI: 10.1098/rspa.2009.0558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 231] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the routine employment of Grignard reagents and Hauser bases as stoichiometric carbanion reagents in organic and inorganic synthesis, a defined reaction chemistry encompassing the heavier elements of Group II (M = Ca, Sr and Ba) has, until recently, remained unreported. This article provides details of the recent progress in heavier Group II catalysed small molecule transformations mediated by well-defined heteroleptic and homoleptic complexes of the form LMX or MX
2
; where L is a mono-anionic ligand and X is a reactive σ-bonded substituent. The intra- and intermolecular heterofunctionalization (hydroamination, hydrophosphination, hydrosilylation and hydrogenation) of alkenes, alkynes, dienes, carbodiimides, isocyanates and ketones is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony G. M. Barrett
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Mark R. Crimmin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Michael S. Hill
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Panayiotis A. Procopiou
- GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, UK
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Crimmin MR, Hill MS, Hitchcock PB, Mahon MF. Synthesis of β-diketiminato calcium silylamides and their reactions with triethylaluminium. NEW J CHEM 2010. [DOI: 10.1039/c0nj00042f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Guino-o MA, Alexander JS, McKee ML, Hope H, Englich UB, Ruhlandt-Senge K. When VSEPR fails: experimental and theoretical investigations of the behavior of alkaline-earth-metal acetylides. Chemistry 2009; 15:11842-52. [PMID: 19844925 PMCID: PMC4019021 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200901538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis, structural, and spectral characterization as well as a theoretical study of a family of alkaline-earth-metal acetylides provides insights into synthetic access and the structural and bonding characteristics of this group of highly reactive compounds. Based on our earlier communication that reported unusual geometry for a family of triphenylsilyl-substituted alkaline-earth-metal acetylides, we herein present our studies on an expanded family of target derivatives, providing experimental and theoretical data to offer new insights into the intensively debated theme of structural chemistry in heavy alkaline-earth-metal chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marites A. Guino-o
- Department of Chemistry, 1-014 Center for Science and Technology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244-4100 (USA), Fax: (+1)315-443-4070
| | - Jacob S. Alexander
- Department of Chemistry, 1-014 Center for Science and Technology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244-4100 (USA), Fax: (+1)315-443-4070
| | - Michael L. McKee
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Auburn University, Auburn AL 36849 (USA)
| | - Håkon Hope
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, CA 95616 (USA)
| | - Ulrich B. Englich
- Cornell High Energy Synchroton Source (CHESS), Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-8001 (USA)
| | - Karin Ruhlandt-Senge
- Department of Chemistry, 1-014 Center for Science and Technology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244-4100 (USA), Fax: (+1)315-443-4070
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Stasch A, Sarish SP, Roesky H, Meindl K, Dall'Antonia F, Schulz T, Stalke D. Synthesis and Characterization of Alkynyl Complexes of Groups 1 and 2. Chem Asian J 2009; 4:1451-7. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.200900178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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29
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Affiliation(s)
- Phillip Jochmann
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52056 Aachen, Germany
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Crimmin MR, Arrowsmith M, Barrett AGM, Casely IJ, Hill MS, Procopiou PA. Intramolecular Hydroamination of Aminoalkenes by Calcium and Magnesium Complexes: A Synthetic and Mechanistic Study. J Am Chem Soc 2009; 131:9670-85. [DOI: 10.1021/ja9003377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 237] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mark R. Crimmin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K., Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, U.K., and GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Merle Arrowsmith
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K., Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, U.K., and GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Anthony G. M. Barrett
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K., Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, U.K., and GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Ian J. Casely
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K., Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, U.K., and GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Michael S. Hill
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K., Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, U.K., and GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Panayiotis A. Procopiou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K., Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, U.K., and GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
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31
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Barrett AGM, Crimmin MR, Hill MS, Hitchcock PB, Lomas SL, Procopiou PA, Suntharalingam K. Catalytic 2,3,4-hexatriene formation by terminal alkyne coupling at calcium. Chem Commun (Camb) 2009:2299-301. [DOI: 10.1039/b818848c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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32
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Westerhausen M. Recent Developments in the Organic Chemistry of Calcium - An Element with Unlimited Possibilities in Organometallic Chemistry? Z Anorg Allg Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.200800386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Barrett AGM, Crimmin MR, Hill MS, Hitchcock PB, Lomas SL, Mahon MF, Procopiou PA, Suntharalingam K. β-Diketiminato Calcium Acetylides: Synthesis, Solution Dimerization, and Catalytic Carbon−Carbon Bond Formation. Organometallics 2008. [DOI: 10.1021/om800738r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony G. M. Barrett
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, South Kensington, London, SW7 2AZ, U.K., Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, U.K., The Chemistry Laboratory, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, East Sussex, BN1 9QJ, U.K., and GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Mark R. Crimmin
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, South Kensington, London, SW7 2AZ, U.K., Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, U.K., The Chemistry Laboratory, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, East Sussex, BN1 9QJ, U.K., and GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Michael S. Hill
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, South Kensington, London, SW7 2AZ, U.K., Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, U.K., The Chemistry Laboratory, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, East Sussex, BN1 9QJ, U.K., and GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Peter B. Hitchcock
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, South Kensington, London, SW7 2AZ, U.K., Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, U.K., The Chemistry Laboratory, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, East Sussex, BN1 9QJ, U.K., and GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Sarah L. Lomas
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, South Kensington, London, SW7 2AZ, U.K., Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, U.K., The Chemistry Laboratory, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, East Sussex, BN1 9QJ, U.K., and GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Mary F. Mahon
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, South Kensington, London, SW7 2AZ, U.K., Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, U.K., The Chemistry Laboratory, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, East Sussex, BN1 9QJ, U.K., and GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Panayiotis A. Procopiou
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, South Kensington, London, SW7 2AZ, U.K., Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, U.K., The Chemistry Laboratory, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, East Sussex, BN1 9QJ, U.K., and GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Kogularamanan Suntharalingam
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, South Kensington, London, SW7 2AZ, U.K., Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, U.K., The Chemistry Laboratory, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, East Sussex, BN1 9QJ, U.K., and GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, U.K
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García-Álvarez J, Graham DV, Hevia E, Kennedy AR, Mulvey RE. Synthesis and characterisation of new bimetallic alkali metal–magnesium mixed diisopropylamide-acetylides: structural variations in bimetallic lithium- and sodium-heteroleptic magnesiates. Dalton Trans 2008:1481-6. [DOI: 10.1039/b716215d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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35
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Barrett A, Crimmin M, Hill M, Hitchcock P, Procopiou P. Trifluoromethyl Coordination and CF Bond Activation at Calcium. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200701945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Barrett AGM, Crimmin MR, Hill MS, Hitchcock PB, Procopiou PA. Trifluoromethyl Coordination and CF Bond Activation at Calcium. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007; 46:6339-42. [PMID: 17640022 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200701945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony G M Barrett
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, South Kensington, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
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37
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Crimmin MR, Barrett AGM, Hill MS, Hitchcock PB, Procopiou PA. Calcium-Catalyzed Intermolecular Hydrophosphination. Organometallics 2007. [DOI: 10.1021/om070200k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mark R. Crimmin
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, U.K., The Chemistry Laboratory, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, East Sussex BN1 9QJ, U.K., and GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Anthony G. M. Barrett
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, U.K., The Chemistry Laboratory, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, East Sussex BN1 9QJ, U.K., and GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Michael S. Hill
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, U.K., The Chemistry Laboratory, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, East Sussex BN1 9QJ, U.K., and GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Peter B. Hitchcock
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, U.K., The Chemistry Laboratory, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, East Sussex BN1 9QJ, U.K., and GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Panayiotis A. Procopiou
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, U.K., The Chemistry Laboratory, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, East Sussex BN1 9QJ, U.K., and GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
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Izod K, Wills C, Clegg W, Harrington RW. Alkaline Earth Metal Complexes of a Phosphine-Borane-Stabilized Carbanion: Synthesis, Structures, and Stabilities. Inorg Chem 2007; 46:4320-5. [PMID: 17425305 DOI: 10.1021/ic062459l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The reaction between either MgI2 or CaI2 and 2 equiv of [(Me3Si)2{Me2(H3B)P}C]K (2) in toluene gives the corresponding organo-alkaline earth metal compounds [(Me3Si)2{Me2(H3B)P}C]2M in moderate to good yields [M = Mg (3), Ca (4)]. Compound 3 crystallizes solvent-free, whereas X-ray quality crystals of 4 could not be obtained in the absence of coordinating solvents; crystallization of 4 from cold methylcyclohexane/THF gives the solvate [(Me3Si)2{Me2(H3B)P}C]2Ca(THF)4 (4a). The corresponding heavier alkaline earth metal complexes [(Me3Si)2{Me2(H3B)P}C]2M(THF)5 [M = Sr (7), Ba (8)] are obtained from the reaction between MI2 and 2 equiv of 2 in THF, followed by recrystallization from cold methylcyclohexane/THF. Compound 3 degrades over a period of several weeks at room-temperature both in the solid state and in toluene solution to give the free phosphine-borane (Me3Si)2{Me2(H3B)P}CH (5) as the sole phosphorus-containing product. In addition, compounds 3, 4, and 4a react rapidly with THF in toluene solution, yielding 5 as the sole phosphorus-containing product; in contrast, compounds 7 and 8 are stable toward this solvent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith Izod
- Main Group Chemistry Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, Bedson Building, University of Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K.
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Gärtner M, Görls H, Westerhausen M. Heteroleptic Phenylcalcium Derivatives via Metathesis Reactions of PhCa(thf)4I with Potassium Compounds. Organometallics 2007. [DOI: 10.1021/om061021q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Gärtner
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, August-Bebel-Strasse 2, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Helmar Görls
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, August-Bebel-Strasse 2, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Matthias Westerhausen
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, August-Bebel-Strasse 2, 07743 Jena, Germany
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Bai G, Wei P, Das A, Stephan DW. Mono- and Bimetallic (NacNac)Ni Cyclopentadienyl Complexes. Organometallics 2006. [DOI: 10.1021/om060757k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guangcai Bai
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada N9B 3P4
| | - Pingrong Wei
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada N9B 3P4
| | - Anjan Das
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada N9B 3P4
| | - Douglas W. Stephan
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada N9B 3P4
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Wendell LT, Bender J, He X, Noll BC, Henderson KW. Heterodimetallic Alkaline Earth Metal Amides: Synthesis, Structure, and Solvent-Induced Charge Separation of Homoleptic Calcium−Magnesium Hexamethyldisilazide. Organometallics 2006. [DOI: 10.1021/om060521g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lauren T. Wendell
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556-5670, and Department of Chemistry, Grand Valley State University, Allendale, Michigan 49401-9403
| | - John Bender
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556-5670, and Department of Chemistry, Grand Valley State University, Allendale, Michigan 49401-9403
| | - Xuyang He
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556-5670, and Department of Chemistry, Grand Valley State University, Allendale, Michigan 49401-9403
| | - Bruce C. Noll
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556-5670, and Department of Chemistry, Grand Valley State University, Allendale, Michigan 49401-9403
| | - Kenneth W. Henderson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556-5670, and Department of Chemistry, Grand Valley State University, Allendale, Michigan 49401-9403
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangcai Bai
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada, N9B3P4
| | - Pingrong Wei
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada, N9B3P4
| | - Douglas W. Stephan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada, N9B3P4
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43
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Avent AG, Crimmin MR, Hill MS, Hitchcock PB. Reactivity of [HC{(C(Me)N(Dipp))}2Ca{N(SiMe3)2}(THF)] (Dipp=C6H3iPr2-2,6) with C–H acids: Synthesis of heteroleptic calcium η5-organometallics. J Organomet Chem 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2005.11.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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El-Kaderi HM, Heeg MJ, Winter CH. Complexes of the heavier alkaline earth metals containing β-diketiminato and iodide ligand sets. Polyhedron 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2005.06.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Ahmed SA, Hill MS, Hitchcock PB. Synthesis and M−Cγ Hemilability of Group 2 Bis(phosphinimino)methanides. Organometallics 2005. [DOI: 10.1021/om050811h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shabana A. Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, U.K., and The Chemistry Laboratory, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, East Sussex, BN1 9QJ, U.K
| | - Michael S. Hill
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, U.K., and The Chemistry Laboratory, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, East Sussex, BN1 9QJ, U.K
| | - Peter B. Hitchcock
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, U.K., and The Chemistry Laboratory, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, East Sussex, BN1 9QJ, U.K
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Bai G, Wei P, Stephan DW. Α β-Diketiminato−Nickel(II) Synthon for Nickel(I) Complexes. Organometallics 2005. [DOI: 10.1021/om050544f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guangcai Bai
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada N9B 3P4
| | - Pingrong Wei
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada N9B 3P4
| | - Douglas W. Stephan
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada N9B 3P4
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