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Ruiz-Muelle AB, Oña-Burgos P, Ortuño MA, Oltra JE, Rodríguez-García I, Fernández I. Unprecedented Spectroscopic and Computational Evidence for Allenyl and Propargyl Titanocene(IV) Complexes: Electrophilic Quenching of Their Metallotropic Equilibrium. Chemistry 2016; 22:2427-39. [PMID: 26786999 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201504281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis and structural characterization of allenyl titanocene(IV) [TiClCp2 (CH=C=CH2 )] 3 and propargyl titanocene(IV) [TiClCp2 (CH2 -C≡C-(CH2 )4 CH3 )] 9 have been described for the first time. Advanced NMR methods including diffusion NMR methods (diffusion pulsed field gradient stimulated spin echo (PFG-STE) and DOSY) have been applied and established that these organometallics are monomers in THF solution with hydrodynamic radii (from the Stokes-Einstein equation) of 3.5 and 4.1 Å for 3 and 9, respectively. Full (1) H, (13) C, Δ(1) H, and Δ(13) C NMR data are given, and through the analysis of the Ramsey equation, the first electronic insights into these derivatives are provided. In solution, they are involved in their respective metallotropic allenyl-propargyl equilibria that, after quenching experiments with aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes, ketones, and protonating agents, always give the propargyl products P (when carbonyls are employed), or allenyl products A (when a proton source is added) as the major isomers. In all the cases assayed, the ratio of products suggests that the metallotropic equilibrium should be faster than the reactions of 3 and 9 with electrophiles. Indeed, DFT calculations predict lower Gibbs energy barriers for the metallotropic equilibrium, thus confirming dynamic kinetic resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Belén Ruiz-Muelle
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, ceiA3, Universidad de Almería, Carretera de Sacramento s/n, Almería, 04120, Spain
| | - Pascual Oña-Burgos
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, ceiA3, Universidad de Almería, Carretera de Sacramento s/n, Almería, 04120, Spain
| | - Manuel A Ortuño
- Departament de Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Edifici C.n, Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193, Spain.,Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, 55455-0431, USA
| | - J Enrique Oltra
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, Campus Fuentenueva s/n, Granada, 18071, Spain
| | - Ignacio Rodríguez-García
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, ceiA3, Universidad de Almería, Carretera de Sacramento s/n, Almería, 04120, Spain
| | - Ignacio Fernández
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, ceiA3, Universidad de Almería, Carretera de Sacramento s/n, Almería, 04120, Spain. .,BITAL, Research Centre for Agricultural and Food Biotechnology, Carretera de Sacramento s/n, Almería, Spain.
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Nenajdenko VG, Muzalevskiy VM, Shastin AV. Polyfluorinated ethanes as versatile fluorinated C2-building blocks for organic synthesis. Chem Rev 2015; 115:973-1050. [PMID: 25594605 DOI: 10.1021/cr500465n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Valentine G Nenajdenko
- Department of Chemistry, Moscow State University , Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119992, Russia
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Kühnel M, Lentz D. Titanium-Catalyzed C-F Activation of Fluoroalkenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010; 49:2933-6. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.200907162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2009] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Brisdon AK, Crossley IR, Pritchard RG, Sadiq G. Asymmetric fluoro-organomercurials. Part 2. The synthesis and characterisation of the fluorovinyl-mercurials RHgCXCF2 (R=Ph, Fc; X=F, Cl): The single crystal X-ray structures of PhHgCFCF2, FcHgCFCF2 and FcHgCClCF2. J Organomet Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2007.01.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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