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Perutz RN, Sabo‐Etienne S, Weller AS. Metathesis by Partner Interchange in σ-Bond Ligands: Expanding Applications of the σ-CAM Mechanism. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202111462. [PMID: 34694734 PMCID: PMC9299125 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202111462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In 2007 two of us defined the σ-Complex Assisted Metathesis mechanism (Perutz and Sabo-Etienne, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2007, 46, 2578-2592), that is, the σ-CAM concept. This new approach to reaction mechanisms brought together metathesis reactions involving the formation of a variety of metal-element bonds through partner-interchange of σ-bond complexes. The key concept that defines a σ-CAM process is a single transition state for metathesis that is connected by two intermediates that are σ-bond complexes while the oxidation state of the metal remains constant in precursor, intermediates and product. This mechanism is appropriate in situations where σ-bond complexes have been isolated or computed as well-defined minima. Unlike several other mechanisms, it does not define the nature of the transition state. In this review, we highlight advances in the characterization and dynamic rearrangements of σ-bond complexes, most notably alkane and zincane complexes, but also different geometries of silane and borane complexes. We set out a selection of catalytic and stoichiometric examples of the σ-CAM mechanism that are supported by strong experimental and/or computational evidence. We then draw on these examples to demonstrate that the scope of the σ-CAM mechanism has expanded to classes of reaction not envisaged in 2007 (additional σ-bond ligands, agostic complexes, sp2 -carbon, surfaces). Finally, we provide a critical comparison to alternative mechanisms for metathesis of metal-element bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sylviane Sabo‐Etienne
- CNRSLCC (Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination)205 route de Narbonne, BP 44099F-31077Toulouse Cedex 4France
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Perutz RN, Sabo‐Etienne S, Weller AS. Metathesis by Partner Interchange in σ‐Bond Ligands: Expanding Applications of the σ‐CAM Mechanism. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202111462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sylviane Sabo‐Etienne
- CNRS LCC (Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination) 205 route de Narbonne, BP 44099 F-31077 Toulouse Cedex 4 France
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Marcos I, Ojea V, Vázquez-García D, Fernández JJ, Fernández A, López-Torres M, Lado J, Vila JM. Preparation and characterization of terdentate [C,N,N] acetophenone and acetylpyridine hydrazone platinacycles: a DFT insight into the reaction mechanism. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:16845-16860. [PMID: 29171854 DOI: 10.1039/c7dt03418k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of N-ortho-chlorophenyl-substituted acetylpyridine hydrazones (a and d) with K2[PtCl4] (n-butanol/water, 100 °C) gave mononuclear complexes 1a and 1d with the ligands as [N,N] bidentate. In contrast, the reaction of N-phenyl or N-meta-chlorophenyl hydrazones (b and c, respectively) under analogous reaction conditions gave the cycloplatinated species 2b and 2c with the ligand as [C,N,N] terdentate. The treatment of the mononuclear complexes 1a and 1d with NaOAc (n-butanol, 100 °C) gave the corresponding cycloplatinated complexes 2a and 2d. Acetophenone hydrazone platinacycle 2e was prepared in a similar fashion and its reaction with tertiary mono- and triphosphines gave mono- or trinuclear species depending on the reaction conditions. The X-ray crystal structures of some of these complexes showed interesting π-π slipped stacking interactions between metallacyclic rings which, according to NCI analyses, showed an aromatic character. With an aim to rationalize the different reactivities shown by acetylpyridine hydrazones and the precise role of the acetate anion, the energy profiles for the three main steps of cycloplatination (iminoplatinum complex formation, chelation and cyclometallation) have been determined by using the DFT (M06) methods. Calculations indicate that the cycloplatination of 1b proceeds via electrophilic substitution, involving the direct replacement of the chloride anion at the Pt(ii) centre with the N-phenyl moiety as the rate-determining step, to give an agostic intermediate 5b+ that, subsequently, leads to the elimination of a proton as hydrogen chloride. When present as an "external" base, acetate enters the coordination sphere around the Pt(ii) centre and facilitates hydrazone N-H deprotonation and electrophilic C-H activation through a dissociative route, leading to a Wheland-type σ-complex intermediate 9ac.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismael Marcos
- Departamento de Química & Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Universidade da Coruña, E-15008 La Coruña, Spain.
| | - Vicente Ojea
- Departamento de Química & Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Universidade da Coruña, E-15008 La Coruña, Spain.
| | - Digna Vázquez-García
- Departamento de Química & Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Universidade da Coruña, E-15008 La Coruña, Spain.
| | - Jesús J Fernández
- Departamento de Química & Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Universidade da Coruña, E-15008 La Coruña, Spain.
| | - Alberto Fernández
- Departamento de Química & Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Universidade da Coruña, E-15008 La Coruña, Spain.
| | - Margarita López-Torres
- Departamento de Química & Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Universidade da Coruña, E-15008 La Coruña, Spain.
| | - Jorge Lado
- Departamento de Química & Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Universidade da Coruña, E-15008 La Coruña, Spain.
| | - José M Vila
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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Liu Y, Zhang D, Bi S. Theoretical Insight into PtCl2-Catalyzed Isomerization of Cyclopropenes to Allenes. Organometallics 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/om300331q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuxia Liu
- Key Lab of Colloid and Interface
Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic
of China
| | - Dongju Zhang
- Key Lab of Colloid and Interface
Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic
of China
| | - Siwei Bi
- College of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, People's Republic of China
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5
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Smeltz JL, Webster CE, Ison EA. Computational Investigation of the Mechanism for the Activation of CO by Oxorhenium Complexes. Organometallics 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/om3003366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L. Smeltz
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, 2620 Yarbrough Drive, Raleigh, North
Carolina 27695-8204, United States
| | - Charles Edwin Webster
- Department of Chemistry, 213 Smith Chemistry Building, The University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee 38138,
United States
| | - Elon A. Ison
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, 2620 Yarbrough Drive, Raleigh, North
Carolina 27695-8204, United States
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Bonnington KJ, Zhang F, Moustafa MMAR, Cooper BFT, Jennings MC, Puddephatt RJ. Activation of Anisole by Organoplatinum(II) Complexes: Evidence for Rate-Determining C–H Activation. Organometallics 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/om200922a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin J. Bonnington
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada N6A 5B7
| | - Fenbao Zhang
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada N6A 5B7
| | | | | | - Michael C. Jennings
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada N6A 5B7
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McKeown BA, Gonzalez HE, Friedfeld MR, Gunnoe TB, Cundari TR, Sabat M. Mechanistic Studies of Ethylene Hydrophenylation Catalyzed by Bipyridyl Pt(II) Complexes. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:19131-52. [DOI: 10.1021/ja206064v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bradley A. McKeown
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Hector Emanuel Gonzalez
- Center for Advanced Scientific Computing and Modeling (CASCaM), Department of Chemistry, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76203, United States
| | - Max R. Friedfeld
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - T. Brent Gunnoe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Thomas R. Cundari
- Center for Advanced Scientific Computing and Modeling (CASCaM), Department of Chemistry, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76203, United States
| | - Michal Sabat
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
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Mazzone G, Russo N, Sicilia E. Dimethylplatinum(II) Complexes: Computational Insights into Pt–C Bond Protonolysis. Inorg Chem 2011; 50:10091-101. [DOI: 10.1021/ic201004n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Mazzone
- Dipartimento di Chimica and Centro di Calcolo ad Alte Prestazioni per Elaborazioni Parallele e Distribuite-Centro d’Eccellenza MIUR, Università della Calabria, I-87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Nino Russo
- Dipartimento di Chimica and Centro di Calcolo ad Alte Prestazioni per Elaborazioni Parallele e Distribuite-Centro d’Eccellenza MIUR, Università della Calabria, I-87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Emilia Sicilia
- Dipartimento di Chimica and Centro di Calcolo ad Alte Prestazioni per Elaborazioni Parallele e Distribuite-Centro d’Eccellenza MIUR, Università della Calabria, I-87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
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9
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Young KJH, Mironov OA, Nielsen RJ, Cheng MJ, Stewart T, Goddard WA, Periana RA. Synthesis and Characterization of the κ2-acac-O,O Complex OsIV(acac)2PhCl and Study of CH Activation with Benzene. Organometallics 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/om1010512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth J. H. Young
- Donald P. Katherine B. Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, 90089-1661
| | - Oleg A. Mironov
- Donald P. Katherine B. Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, 90089-1661
| | - Robert J. Nielsen
- Materials and Process Simulation Center, Beckman Institute (139-74) Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Mu-Jeng Cheng
- Materials and Process Simulation Center, Beckman Institute (139-74) Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Timothy Stewart
- Donald P. Katherine B. Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, 90089-1661
| | - William A. Goddard
- Materials and Process Simulation Center, Beckman Institute (139-74) Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Roy A. Periana
- The Scripps Research Institute, Scripps Florida, Jupiter, Florida 33458, United States
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10
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The Role of Higher Oxidation State Species in Platinum-Mediated C–H Bond Activation and Functionalization. TOP ORGANOMETAL CHEM 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-17429-2_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
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11
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Ghosh MK, Tilset M, Venugopal A, Heyn RH, Swang O. Ping-Pong at Gold: Proton Jump Between Coordinated Phenyl and η1-Benzene Ligands, A Computational Study. J Phys Chem A 2010; 114:8135-41. [DOI: 10.1021/jp1040508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manik Kumer Ghosh
- Department of Hydrocarbon Process Chemistry, SINTEF Materials and Chemistry, P.O. Box 124 Blindern, N-0314 Oslo, Norway and Centre for Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033 Blindern, N-0315 Oslo, Norway
| | - Mats Tilset
- Department of Hydrocarbon Process Chemistry, SINTEF Materials and Chemistry, P.O. Box 124 Blindern, N-0314 Oslo, Norway and Centre for Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033 Blindern, N-0315 Oslo, Norway
| | - Ajay Venugopal
- Department of Hydrocarbon Process Chemistry, SINTEF Materials and Chemistry, P.O. Box 124 Blindern, N-0314 Oslo, Norway and Centre for Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033 Blindern, N-0315 Oslo, Norway
| | - Richard H. Heyn
- Department of Hydrocarbon Process Chemistry, SINTEF Materials and Chemistry, P.O. Box 124 Blindern, N-0314 Oslo, Norway and Centre for Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033 Blindern, N-0315 Oslo, Norway
| | - Ole Swang
- Department of Hydrocarbon Process Chemistry, SINTEF Materials and Chemistry, P.O. Box 124 Blindern, N-0314 Oslo, Norway and Centre for Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033 Blindern, N-0315 Oslo, Norway
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12
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Parmene J, Krivokapic A, Tilset M. Synthesis, Characterization, and Protonation Reactions of Ar-BIAN and Ar-BICAT Diimine Platinum Diphenyl Complexes. Eur J Inorg Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.200900975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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13
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Balcells D, Clot E, Eisenstein O. C—H Bond Activation in Transition Metal Species from a Computational Perspective. Chem Rev 2010; 110:749-823. [PMID: 20067255 DOI: 10.1021/cr900315k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 843] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David Balcells
- Institut Charles Gerhardt, Université Montpellier 2, CNRS 5253, cc 1501, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34000 Montpellier, France
| | - Eric Clot
- Institut Charles Gerhardt, Université Montpellier 2, CNRS 5253, cc 1501, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34000 Montpellier, France
| | - Odile Eisenstein
- Institut Charles Gerhardt, Université Montpellier 2, CNRS 5253, cc 1501, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34000 Montpellier, France
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14
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Parmene J, Ivanović-Burmazović I, Tilset M, van Eldik R. Combined Low Temperature Rapid Scan and 1H NMR Mechanistic Study of the Protonation and Subsequent Benzene Elimination from a (Diimine)platinum(II) Diphenyl Complex Relevant to Arene C−H Activation. Inorg Chem 2009; 48:9092-103. [DOI: 10.1021/ic9005746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jerome Parmene
- Centre for Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033 Blindern, N-0315 Oslo, Norway
| | - Ivana Ivanović-Burmazović
- Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstrasse 1, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Mats Tilset
- Centre for Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033 Blindern, N-0315 Oslo, Norway
| | - Rudi van Eldik
- Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstrasse 1, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
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15
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Yang P, Warnke I, Martin RL, Hay PJ. Theoretical Studies of the sp2 versus sp3 C−H Bond Activation Chemistry of 2-Picoline by (C5Me5)2An(CH3)2 Complexes (An = Th, U). Organometallics 2008. [DOI: 10.1021/om700927n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ping Yang
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545
| | - Ingolf Warnke
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545
| | | | - P. Jeffrey Hay
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545
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Geng CY, Li JL, Huang XR, Liu HL, Li Z, Sun CC. Theoretical elucidation of the rhodium-catalyzed [4 + 2] annulation reactions. J Comput Chem 2008; 29:686-93. [PMID: 17849391 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.20824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The reaction mechanism of the Rh-catalyzed [4 + 2] annulation of 4-alkynals with isocyanates is unraveled using density functional calculations. The reaction mechanisms of the model system and the real substituted system have been investigated and the results are compared. From our theoretical results based on the model and real substituted system, it is shown that (a) the rate-determining step is the Rh-H addition to the alkyne, (b) the formation of the cyclopentenone G and glutarimide K represents a severe competition, and (c) the product selectivity should be controlled by the amount of the isocyanates. In addition, it is demonstrated that there exist steric effects in the real substituted system, but missed in model system. Our calculations also show that although the results obtained on the model system could explain the mechanism in principle, the real substituted system could reflect the mechanism more exactly and make the reaction proceed with regioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cai-Yun Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, People's Republic of China
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