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Ebeler F, Neumann B, Stammler HG, Ghadwal RS. Divergent Reactivity of a Cyclic Bis-Hydridostannylene: A Masked Sn(I) Diradicaloid. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202400382. [PMID: 38294490 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Herein, reactivity studies of a cyclic bis-hydridostannylene [(ADC)SnH]2 (1-H2) (ADC=PhC{(NDipp)C}2; Dipp=2,6-iPr2C6H3) with various unsaturated organic substrates are reported. Reactions of terminal alkynes (RC≡CH) with 1-H2 afford mixed acetylide-vinyl-functionalized bis-stannylenes via dehydrogenation and hydrostannylation. Treatment of 1-H2 with PhC≡CCH3 gives a unique distannabarrelene via dehydrogenative C(sp3)-H stannylation and hydrostannylation of the C≡CCH3 moiety. 1-H2 undergoes dehydrogenative [2+2]-cycloaddition reactions with diphenylacetylene, azobenzene, acetone, benzophenone, and benzaldehyde to form the 1,4-distannabarrelene derivatives. The elimination of H2 in these reactions suggests the masked-diradical property of 1-H2. In fact, these [2+2]-cycloaddition products are also accessible on treatments of the Sn(I) diradicaloid [(ADC)Sn]2 (1) with appropriate reagents. All compounds have been characterized by multinuclear NMR spectroscopy and single crystal X-ray diffraction. Moreover, the catalytic activity of 1-H2 has been shown for the hydroboration of unsaturated substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Falk Ebeler
- Molecular Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis, Inorganic and Structural Chemistry, Center for Molecular Materials, Faculty of Chemistry, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstrasse 25, D-33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Beate Neumann
- Molecular Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis, Inorganic and Structural Chemistry, Center for Molecular Materials, Faculty of Chemistry, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstrasse 25, D-33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Hans-Georg Stammler
- Molecular Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis, Inorganic and Structural Chemistry, Center for Molecular Materials, Faculty of Chemistry, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstrasse 25, D-33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Rajendra S Ghadwal
- Molecular Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis, Inorganic and Structural Chemistry, Center for Molecular Materials, Faculty of Chemistry, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstrasse 25, D-33615, Bielefeld, Germany
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2
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Dehydrofluorination reactions at Lewis acidic ACF in the presence of HSnBu3. J Fluor Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2022.110046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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3
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Torquato NA, Palasz JM, Bertrand QC, Brunner FM, Chan T, Gembicky M, Mrse AA, Kubiak CP. Synthesis, structure and reactivity of μ 3-SnH capped trinuclear nickel cluster. Chem Sci 2022; 13:11382-11387. [PMID: 36320577 PMCID: PMC9533397 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc04042e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Treatment of the trichlorotin-capped trinuclear nickel cluster, [Ni3(dppm)3(μ3-Cl)(μ3-SnCl3)], 1, with 4 eq. NaHB(Et)3 yields a μ3-SnH capped trinuclear nickel cluster, [Ni3(dppm)3(μ3-H)(μ3-SnH)], 2 [dppm = bis(diphenylphosphino)methane]. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, and computational studies together support that cluster 2 is a divalent tin hydride. Complex 2 displays a wide range of reactivity including oxidative addition of bromoethane across the Sn center. Addition of 1 eq. iodoethane to complex 2 releases H2 (g) and generates an ethyltin-capped nickel cluster with a μ3-iodide, [Ni3(dppm)3(μ3-I)(μ3-Sn(CH2CH3))], 4. Notably, insertion of alkynes into the Sn–H bond of 2 can be achieved via addition of 1 eq. 1-hexyne to generate the 1-hexen-2-yl-tin-capped nickel cluster, [Ni3(dppm)3(μ3H)(μ3-Sn(C6H11))], 5. Addition of H2 (g) to 5 regenerates the starting material, 2, and hexane. The formally 44-electron cluster 2 also displays significant redox chemistry with two reversible one-electron oxidations (E = −1.3 V, −0.8 V vs. Fc0/+) and one-electron reduction process (E = −2.7 V vs. Fc0/+) observed by cyclic voltammetry. The synthesis, structure, and reactivity of a μ3-SnH capped trinuclear nickel cluster, [Ni3(dppm)3(μ3-H)(μ3-SnH)], is reported. This complex undergoes oxidative addition chemistry, alkyne insertion, and subsequent hydrogenation.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole A. Torquato
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Joseph M. Palasz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | | | - Felix M. Brunner
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Thomas Chan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Milan Gembicky
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Anthony A. Mrse
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Clifford P. Kubiak
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
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4
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Roy MMD, Omaña AA, Wilson ASS, Hill MS, Aldridge S, Rivard E. Molecular Main Group Metal Hydrides. Chem Rev 2021; 121:12784-12965. [PMID: 34450005 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
This review serves to document advances in the synthesis, versatile bonding, and reactivity of molecular main group metal hydrides within Groups 1, 2, and 12-16. Particular attention will be given to the emerging use of said hydrides in the rapidly expanding field of Main Group element-mediated catalysis. While this review is comprehensive in nature, focus will be given to research appearing in the open literature since 2001.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew M D Roy
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QR, United Kingdom
| | - Alvaro A Omaña
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Andrew S S Wilson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Avon BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Michael S Hill
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Avon BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Simon Aldridge
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QR, United Kingdom
| | - Eric Rivard
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
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5
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Zhu Q, Fettinger JC, Power PP. Hydrostannylation of carbon dioxide by a hydridostannylene molybdenum complex. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:12555-12562. [PMID: 34545896 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt02473f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Reaction of the aryltin(II) hydrides {AriPr4Sn(μ-H)}2 or {AriPr6Sn(μ-H)}2 (AriPr4 = -C6H3-2,6-(C6H3-2,6-iPr2)2, AriPr6 = -C6H3-2,6-(C6H2-2,4,6-iPr3)2) with two equivalents of the molybdenum carbonyl [Mo(CO)5(THF)] afforded the divalent tin hydride transition metal complexes, Mo(CO)5{Sn(AriPr6)H}, (1), or Mo(CO)5{Sn(AriPr4)(THF)H} (2), respectively. Complex 1 effects the facile hydrostannylation of carbon dioxide, to yield Mo(CO)5{Sn(AriPr6)(κ2-O,O'-O2CH)}, (3), which features a bidentate formate ligand coordinating the tin atom. Reaction of 3 with the pinacolborane, HBpin (pin = pinacolato) in benzene regenerated 1 in quantitative yield. All complexes were characterized by X-ray crystallography, as well as UV-visible, IR, and multinuclear NMR spectroscopies. The isolation of 1 and 2 is consistent with the existence of monomeric forms of {AriPr4Sn(μ-H)}2 and {AriPr6Sn(μ-H)}2 in solution. Regeneration of 1 from 3via reaction with pinacolborane as the hydrogen source shows the catalytic potential of 1 in the hydrogenation of CO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qihao Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA.
| | - James C Fettinger
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA.
| | - Philip P Power
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA.
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6
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Xi X, Zhang G, Li J, Huang Y, Jiang W, Wu P, Zhu H. Synthesis of Alkynes Composed of the Novel Substituents and Their Reactions with B(C 6F 5) 3. CHINESE J ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202007018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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7
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Anga S, Chandra S, Sarkar P, Das S, Mandal D, Kundu A, Rawat H, Schulzke C, Sarkar B, Pati SK, Chandrasekhar V, Jana A. Facile One‐Pot Assembly of Push–Pull Imines by a Selective C–F Substitution Process in Aryl Fluorides. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202001344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Srinivas Anga
- Gopanpally Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Hyderabad 500107 Hyderabad India
| | - Shubhadeep Chandra
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Anorganische Chemie Freie Universität Berlin Fabeckstraße 34‐36 14195 Berlin Germany
- Fakultät Chemie Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Koordinationschemie Universität Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Pallavi Sarkar
- Theoretical Sciences Unit Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research 560064 Bangalore India
| | - Shubhajit Das
- Theoretical Sciences Unit Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research 560064 Bangalore India
| | - Debdeep Mandal
- Gopanpally Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Hyderabad 500107 Hyderabad India
| | - Abhinanda Kundu
- Gopanpally Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Hyderabad 500107 Hyderabad India
| | - Hemant Rawat
- Gopanpally Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Hyderabad 500107 Hyderabad India
| | - Carola Schulzke
- Institut für Biochemie Universität Greifswald Felix‐Hausdorff‐Straße 4 17487 Greifswald Germany
| | - Biprajit Sarkar
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Anorganische Chemie Freie Universität Berlin Fabeckstraße 34‐36 14195 Berlin Germany
- Fakultät Chemie Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Koordinationschemie Universität Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Swapan K. Pati
- Theoretical Sciences Unit Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research 560064 Bangalore India
| | - Vadapalli Chandrasekhar
- Gopanpally Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Hyderabad 500107 Hyderabad India
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur 208016 Kanpur India
| | - Anukul Jana
- Gopanpally Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Hyderabad 500107 Hyderabad India
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8
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Elinburg JK, Hyre AS, McNeely J, Alam TM, Klenner S, Pöttgen R, Rheingold AL, Doerrer LH. Formation of monomeric Sn(ii) and Sn(iv) perfluoropinacolate complexes and their characterization by 119Sn Mössbauer and 119Sn NMR spectroscopies. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:13773-13785. [PMID: 33000834 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt02837a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis and characterization of a series of Sn(ii) and Sn(iv) complexes supported by the highly electron-withdrawing dianionic perfluoropinacolate (pinF) ligand are reported herein. Three analogs of [SnIV(pinF)3]2- with NEt3H+ (1), K+ (2), and {K(18C6)}+ (3) counter cations and two analogs of [SnII(pinF)2]2- with K+ (4) and {K(15C5)2}+ (5) counter cations were prepared and characterized by standard analytical methods, single-crystal X-ray diffraction, and 119Sn Mössbauer and NMR spectroscopies. The six-coordinate SnIV(pinF) complexes display 119Sn NMR resonances and 119Sn Mössbauer spectra similar to SnO2 (cassiterite). In contrast, the four-coordinate SnII(pinF) complexes, featuring a stereochemically-active lone pair, possess low 119Sn NMR chemical shifts and relatively high quadrupolar splitting. Furthermore, the Sn(ii) complexes are unreactive towards both Lewis bases (pyridine, NEt3) and acids (BX3, Et3NH+). Calculations confirm that the Sn(ii) lone pair is localized within the 5s orbital and reveal that the Sn 5px LUMO is energetically inaccessible, which effectively abates reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica K Elinburg
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
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9
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Lee E, Pietrasiak E. Activation of C–F, Si–F, and S–F Bonds by N-Heterocyclic Carbenes and Their Isoelectronic Analogues. Synlett 2020. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1707106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Reactions involving C–F, Si–F, and S–F bond cleavage with N-heterocyclic carbenes and isoelectronic species are reviewed. Most examples involve activation of aromatic C–F bond via an SNAr pathway and nucleophilic substitution of fluorine in electron-deficient olefins. The mechanism of the C–F bond activation depends on the reaction partners and the reaction can proceed via addition–elimination, oxidative addition (concerted or stepwise) or metathesis. The adducts formed upon substitution find applications in organic synthesis, as ligands and as stable radical precursors, but in most cases, their full potential remains unexplored.1 Introduction1.1 The C–F Bond1.2 C–F Bond Activation: A Short Summary1.3 C–F Bond Activation: A Special Case of SNAr1.4 N-Heterocyclic Carbenes (NHCs)1.5 The Purpose of this Article2 C–F bond Activation in Acyl Fluorides3 Activation of Vinylic C–F Bonds4 Activation of Aromatic C–F Bonds5 X–F Bond Activation (X = S or Si)6 C–F Bond Activation by Main Group Compounds Isoelectronic with NHCs7 Conclusions and Outlook
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunsung Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology
- Division of Advanced Materials Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology
| | - Ewa Pietrasiak
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology
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10
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Böserle J, Jambor R, RůŽička A, Erben M, Dostál L. Reactivity of boraguanidinato germylenes toward carbonyl compounds and isocyanides: C-O, C-F and C-N bond activation. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:4869-4877. [PMID: 32219234 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt04839a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The reactions of two equivalents of germylene [(i-Pr)2NB(N-2,6-Me2C6H3)2]Ge (1) with carbonyl compounds RC(O)R' resulted in carbonyl functionality activation and the formation of 4-(R,R')-1,2-digerma-3-oxa-cyclobutanes (R/R' = Ph/CF3 (2) or C6F5/H (3)). Surprisingly, the analogous reaction of 1 with C6F5C(O)Me led to the insertion of the germanium atom into the C-F bond of the perfluorophenyl group, thus producing a spiro compound (4) with a germanium atom sharing 1,2-digerma-3,5-diaza-4-bora-cyclopentane and 1-germa-2,4-diaza-3-boracyclobutane rings. Furthermore, the reaction of 1 with 2e- donors was investigated. In the case of 4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP), an expected complex [(i-Pr)2NB(N-2,6-Me2C6H3)2]Ge(DMAP) (5) was isolated, but using t-BuNC resulted in the formation of germanium(iv) cyanide [(i-Pr)2NB(N-2,6-Me2C6H3)2]Ge(CN)(t-Bu) (6) as a result of C-N bond activation in the starting isocyanide. In contrast, mixing other isocyanides RNC (R = Cy or Ad) with 1 in solution led only to an equilibrium between the starting compounds and most probably the corresponding complexes [(i-Pr)2NB(N-2,6-Me2C6H3)2]Ge(CNR) (R = Cy (7a) or Ad (8a)) based on NMR studies. From these equilibrium mixtures, fortuitously, single crystals of digerma-spiro-complexes (7 and 8) containing two germanium atoms (one of them coordinated to a particular isocyanide) were obtained and structurally authenticated by the X-ray diffraction technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiří Böserle
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, CZ-532 10 Pardubice, Czech Republic.
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11
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Hadlington TJ, Driess M, Jones C. Low-valent group 14 element hydride chemistry: towards catalysis. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 47:4176-4197. [PMID: 29666847 DOI: 10.1039/c7cs00649g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The chemistry of group 14 element(ii) hydride complexes has rapidly expanded since the first stable example of such a compound was reported in 2000. Since that time it has become apparent that these systems display remarkable reactivity patterns, in some cases mimicking those of late transition-metal (TM) hydride compounds. This is especially so for the hydroelementation of unsaturated organic substrates. Recently, this aspect of their reactivity has been extended to the use of group 14 element(ii) hydrides as efficient, "TM-like" catalysts in organic synthesis. This review will detail how the chemistry of these hydride compounds has advanced since their early development. Throughout, there is a focus on the importance of ligand effects in these systems, and how ligand design can greatly modify a coordinated complex's electronic structure, reactivity, and catalytic efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terrance J Hadlington
- Department of Chemistry, Metalorganics and Inorganic Materials, Techniche Universitat Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, Sekr. C2, 10623 Berlin, Germany.
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12
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Sen SS, Roesky HW. Silicon-fluorine chemistry: from the preparation of SiF2to C–F bond activation using silylenes and its heavier congeners. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:5046-5057. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc01816b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The feisty nature of silicon(ii) fluorides has been harnessed by two cyclic alkyl amino carbene (cAAC) ligands and (cAAC)2SiF2has been isolated at room temperature and structurally characterized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakya S. Sen
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis Division
- CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory
- Pune 411008
- India
| | - Herbert W. Roesky
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry
- Georg-August University
- Goettingen
- Germany
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13
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McCrea-Hendrick ML, Wang S, Gullett KL, Fettinger JC, Power PP. The Reactions of Aryl Tin(II) Hydrides {AriPr6Sn(μ-H)}2 (AriPr6 = C6H3-2,6-(C6H2-2,4,6-iPr3)2) and {AriPr4Sn(μ-H)}2 (AriPr4 = C6H3-2,6-(C6H3-2,6-iPr2)2) with Aryl Alkynes: Substituent Dependent Structural Isomers. Organometallics 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.7b00570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Madison L. McCrea-Hendrick
- Department of Chemistry, The University of California Davis, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, California United States
| | - Shuai Wang
- Department of Chemistry, The University of California Davis, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, California United States
| | - Kelly L. Gullett
- Department of Chemistry, The University of California Davis, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, California United States
| | - James C. Fettinger
- Department of Chemistry, The University of California Davis, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, California United States
| | - Philip P. Power
- Department of Chemistry, The University of California Davis, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, California United States
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14
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Wang S, McCrea-Hendrick ML, Weinstein CM, Caputo CA, Hoppe E, Fettinger JC, Olmstead MM, Power PP. Dynamic Behavior and Isomerization Equilibria of Distannenes Synthesized by Tin Hydride/Olefin Insertions: Characterization of the Elusive Monohydrido Bridged Isomer. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:6586-6595. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b02269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Madison L. McCrea-Hendrick
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Cory M. Weinstein
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Christine A. Caputo
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Elke Hoppe
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - James C. Fettinger
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Marilyn M. Olmstead
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Philip P. Power
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
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15
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Biswas AK, Ganguly B. Revealing Germylene Compounds to Attain Superbasicity with Sigma Donor Substituents: A Density Functional Theory Study. Chemistry 2017; 23:2700-2705. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201605209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abul Kalam Biswas
- Analytical Discipline and Centralized Instrument Facility; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research; CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute; Bhavnagar- 364002 India
| | - Bishwajit Ganguly
- Analytical Discipline and Centralized Instrument Facility; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research; CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute; Bhavnagar- 364002 India
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16
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Yang GH, Liu M, Li N, Wu R, Chen X, Pan LL, Gao S, Huang X, Wang C, Yu CM. Transition-Metal-Free Synthesis of Fluorinated Nitriles and Diaryl Ketones Through a Selective C-F Bond Functionalization Under Mild Conditions. European J Org Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201403354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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17
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Tan G, Szilvási T, Inoue S, Blom B, Driess M. An Elusive Hydridoaluminum(I) Complex for Facile C–H and C–O Bond Activation of Ethers and Access to Its Isolable Hydridogallium(I) Analogue: Syntheses, Structures, and Theoretical Studies. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:9732-42. [DOI: 10.1021/ja504448v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gengwen Tan
- Department
of Chemistry: Metalorganics and Inorganic Materials, Sekr. C2, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Tibor Szilvási
- Department
of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Szent Gellért tér 4, 1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Shigeyoshi Inoue
- Department
of Chemistry: Metalorganics and Inorganic Materials, Sekr. C2, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Burgert Blom
- Department
of Chemistry: Metalorganics and Inorganic Materials, Sekr. C2, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthias Driess
- Department
of Chemistry: Metalorganics and Inorganic Materials, Sekr. C2, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
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18
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Samuel PP, Li Y, Roesky HW, Chevelkov V, Lange A, Burkhardt A, Dittrich B. Synthetic Access to a Hydrocarbon-Soluble Trifluorinated Ge(II) Compound and its Sn(II) Congener. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:1292-5. [DOI: 10.1021/ja412151e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Prinson P. Samuel
- Institut
für Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität, Tammannstrasse 4, D-37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Yan Li
- State
Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of
Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China
| | - Herbert W. Roesky
- Institut
für Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität, Tammannstrasse 4, D-37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Veniamin Chevelkov
- Research
Group Solid-State NMR Spectroscopy, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Am Fassberg 11, D-37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Adam Lange
- Research
Group Solid-State NMR Spectroscopy, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Am Fassberg 11, D-37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Anja Burkhardt
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, Notkestrasse 85, D-22607, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Birger Dittrich
- Institut
für Anorganische und Angewandte Chemie, Universität Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6, D-20146, Hamburg, Germany
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19
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Samuel PP, Singh AP, Sarish SP, Matussek J, Objartel I, Roesky HW, Stalke D. Oxidative Addition Versus Substitution Reactions of Group 14 Dialkylamino Metalylenes with Pentafluoropyridine. Inorg Chem 2013; 52:1544-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ic302344a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Prinson P. Samuel
- Institut
für Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität, Tammannstrasse 4, D-37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Amit Pratap Singh
- Institut
für Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität, Tammannstrasse 4, D-37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | | | - Julia Matussek
- Institut
für Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität, Tammannstrasse 4, D-37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ina Objartel
- Institut
für Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität, Tammannstrasse 4, D-37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Herbert W. Roesky
- Institut
für Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität, Tammannstrasse 4, D-37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Dietmar Stalke
- Institut
für Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität, Tammannstrasse 4, D-37077, Göttingen, Germany
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20
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Tam ECY, Maynard NA, Apperley DC, Smith JD, Coles MP, Fulton JR. Group 14 Metal Terminal Phosphides: Correlating Structure with |JMP|. Inorg Chem 2012; 51:9403-15. [PMID: 22900884 DOI: 10.1021/ic301208d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Eric C. Y. Tam
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, U.K
| | - Nicola A. Maynard
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, U.K
| | - David C. Apperley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Durham, South Road, Durham, U.K
| | - J. David Smith
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, U.K
| | - Martyn P. Coles
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, U.K
| | - J. Robin Fulton
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, U.K
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21
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Avery JC, Hanson MA, Herber RH, Bladek KJ, Rupar PA, Nowik I, Huang Y, Baines KM. Cationic Cryptand Complexes of Tin(II). Inorg Chem 2012; 51:7306-16. [DOI: 10.1021/ic3006713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica C. Avery
- Department of Chemistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
N6A 5B7
| | - Margaret A. Hanson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
N6A 5B7
| | - Rolfe H. Herber
- Racah Institute
of Physics, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91904 Jerusalem,
Israel
| | - Kamila J. Bladek
- Department of Chemistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
N6A 5B7
| | - Paul A. Rupar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
N6A 5B7
| | - Israel Nowik
- Racah Institute
of Physics, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91904 Jerusalem,
Israel
| | - Yining Huang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
N6A 5B7
| | - Kim M. Baines
- Department of Chemistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
N6A 5B7
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22
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Wu Y, Yu L, Cheng M, Han W, Wang L, Guo X, Liu Q. Synthesis, Crystal Structures and Electrochemical Properties of Complexes [M(ImH)4(tfbdc)(H2O)] (M=Co, Ni). CHINESE J CHEM 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201100565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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23
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Radical Exchanges and Structural Transformations on the Iron Carbonyl-Bulky Tin Cluster Complex, Fe2(μ-SnBu 2 t )2(CO)8 by Solvents Toluene, Xylenes and Ethylbenzene. J CLUST SCI 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s10876-012-0446-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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24
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Mandal SK, Roesky HW. Group 14 hydrides with low valent elements for activation of small molecules. Acc Chem Res 2012; 45:298-307. [PMID: 21882810 DOI: 10.1021/ar2001759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Transition metal compounds are well known as activators of small molecules, and they serve as efficient catalysts for a variety of homogeneous and heterogeneous transformations. In contrast, there is a general feeling that main group compounds cannot act as efficient catalysts because of their inability to activate small molecules. Traditionally, the activation of small molecules is considered one of the key steps during a catalytic cycle with transition metals. As a consequence, researchers have long neglected the full range of possibilities in harnessing main group elements for the design of efficient catalysts. Recent developments, however, have made it possible to synthesize main group compounds with low-valent elements capable of activating small molecules. In particular, the judicious use of sterically appropriate ligands has been successful in preparing and stabilizing a variety of Group 14 hydrides with low-valent elements. In this Account, we discuss recent advances in the synthesis of Group 14 hydrides with low-valent elements and assess their potential as small-molecule activators. Group 14, which comprises the nonmetal C, the semimetals Si and Ge, and the metals Sn and Pb, was for years a source of hydrides with the Group 14 element almost exclusively in tetravalent form. Synthetic difficulties and the low stability of Group 14 hydrides in lower oxidation states were difficult to overcome. But in 2000, a divalent Sn(II) hydride was prepared as a stable compound through the incorporation of sterically encumbered aromatic ligands. More recently, the stabilization of GeH(2) and SnH(2) complexes using an N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) as a donor and BH(3) or a metal carbonyl complex as an acceptor was reported. A similar strategy was also employed to synthesize the Si(II) hydride. This class of hydrides may be considered coordinatively saturated, with the lone pair of electrons on the Group 14 elements taking part in coordination. We discuss the large-scale synthesis of hydrides of the form LMH (where M is Ge or Sn, L is CH(N(Ar)(CMe))(2), and Ar is 2,6-iPr(2)C(6)H(3)), which has made it possible to test their reactivity in the activation of small molecules. Unlike the tetravalent Group 14 hydrides, the Ge(II) and Sn(II) hydrides were found to be able to activate a number of small molecules in the absence of any externally added catalyst. For example, the Ge(II) hydride and Sn(II) hydride can activate CO(2), and the reaction results in the formation of Ge(II) and Sn(II) esters of formic acid. This product represents a prototype of a new class of compounds of Group 14 elements. Moreover, we examined the activation of carbonyl compounds, alkynes, diazo and azo compounds, azides, and compounds containing the C═N bond. These Group 14 hydrides with low-valent elements are shown to be able to activate a number of important small molecules with C≡C, C═O, N═N, and C═N bonds. The activation of small molecules is an important step forward in the realization of main group catalyst development. Although it is not yet customary to assay the potential of newly synthesized main group compounds for small-molecule activation, our results offer good reason to do so.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swadhin K. Mandal
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research-Kolkata, Mohanpur-741252, India
| | - Herbert W. Roesky
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 4, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
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25
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Broeckaert L, Geerlings P, Růžička A, Willem R, Proft FD. Can Aromatic π-Clouds Complex Divalent Germanium and Tin Compounds? A DFT Study. Organometallics 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/om100903h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Aleš Růžička
- University of Pardubice, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Pardubice
53210, Czech Republic
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26
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Breyer D, Braun T, Kläring P. Synthesis and Reactivity of the Fluoro Complex trans-[Pd(F)(4-C5NF4)(iPr2PCH2CH2OCH3)2]: C–F Bond Formation and Catalytic C–F Bond Activation Reactions. Organometallics 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/om200998d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David Breyer
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Straße 2, 12489 Berlin,
Germany
| | - Thomas Braun
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Straße 2, 12489 Berlin,
Germany
| | - Paul Kläring
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Straße 2, 12489 Berlin,
Germany
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27
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Vaňkátová H, Broeckaert L, De Proft F, Olejník R, Turek J, Padělková Z, Růžička A. Tetrylenes Chelated by Hybrid Amido–Amino Ligand: Derivatives of 2-[(N,N-Dimethylamino)methyl]aniline. Inorg Chem 2011; 50:9454-64. [DOI: 10.1021/ic2011056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hana Vaňkátová
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Pardubice 53210, Czech Republic
| | - Lies Broeckaert
- Department of General Chemistry (ALGC), Vrije Universiteit Brussels (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Frank De Proft
- Department of General Chemistry (ALGC), Vrije Universiteit Brussels (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Roman Olejník
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Pardubice 53210, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Turek
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Pardubice 53210, Czech Republic
| | - Zdeňka Padělková
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Pardubice 53210, Czech Republic
| | - Aleš Růžička
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Pardubice 53210, Czech Republic
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28
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Jana A, Sarish SP, Roesky HW, Leusser D, Objartel I, Stalke D. Pentafluoropyridine as a fluorinating reagent for preparing a hydrocarbon soluble β-diketiminatolead(II) monofluoride. Chem Commun (Camb) 2011; 47:5434-6. [PMID: 21483924 DOI: 10.1039/c1cc11310k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A well-designed method for the preparation of a β-diketiminatolead(II) monofluoride has been developed using LPbNMe(2) (L = [CH{C(Me)(2,6-iPr(2)C(6)H(3)N)}(2)]) and pentafluoropyridine (C(5)F(5)N). The resulting LPbF was used for the synthesis of amidinatosilicon(II) monofluoride. Moreover the activation of a ketone was observed when the LPbF was treated with PhCOCF(3).
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Affiliation(s)
- Anukul Jana
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
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29
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Asay M, Jones C, Driess M. N-Heterocyclic Carbene Analogues with Low-Valent Group 13 and Group 14 Elements: Syntheses, Structures, and Reactivities of a New Generation of Multitalented Ligands. Chem Rev 2010; 111:354-96. [DOI: 10.1021/cr100216y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 979] [Impact Index Per Article: 69.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Asay
- Institute of Chemistry, Metalorganics and Inorganic Materials, Sekr. C2, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, D-10623 Berlin, Germany, and School of Chemistry, Monash University, Box 23, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Cameron Jones
- Institute of Chemistry, Metalorganics and Inorganic Materials, Sekr. C2, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, D-10623 Berlin, Germany, and School of Chemistry, Monash University, Box 23, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Matthias Driess
- Institute of Chemistry, Metalorganics and Inorganic Materials, Sekr. C2, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, D-10623 Berlin, Germany, and School of Chemistry, Monash University, Box 23, Victoria 3800, Australia
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30
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Jana A, Samuel PP, Tavcar G, Roesky HW, Schulzke C. Selective aromatic C-F and C-H bond activation with silylenes of different coordinate silicon. J Am Chem Soc 2010; 132:10164-70. [PMID: 20608652 DOI: 10.1021/ja103988d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Herein we report on the reaction of stable two-coordinate silylene, L(1)Si [L(1) = CH{(C=CH(2))(CMe)(2,6-iPr(2)C(6)H(3)N)(2)}] (1) and three-coordinate silylene (Lewis base stabilized silylene), L(2)SiCl [L(2) = PhC(NtBu)(2)] (2) with aromatic compounds containing C-F and C-H bonds. The reaction of 1 and 2 with hexafluorobenzene (C(6)F(6)) affords the silicon(IV) fluorides, L(1)SiF(C(6)F(5)) (3) and L(2)SiFCl(C(6)F(5)) (4), respectively. The reaction proceeds through the unprecedented oxidative addition of one of the C-F bonds to the silicon(II) center without any additional catalyst. When 1 and 2 are treated with octafluorotoluene (C(6)F(5)CF(3)), pentafluoropyridine (C(5)F(5)N) regioselective C-F bond activation occurs leading to the formation of L(1)SiF(4-C(6)F(4)CF(3)) (5), L(1)SiF(4-C(5)F(4)N) (6), L(2)SiFCl(4-C(6)F(4)CF(3)) (7), and L(2)SiFCl(4-C(5)F(4)N) (8), respectively. More interestingly, compounds 1 and 2 react with pentafluorobenzene (C(6)F(5)H) under formation of silicon(IV) hydride L(1)SiH(C(6)F(5)) (9) by chemoselective C-H bond activation, in the latter case producing silicon(IV) fluoride L(2)SiFCl(4-C(6)F(4)H) (10) by chemo- as well as regioselective C-F bond activation. Furthermore, the reaction of 1 with 1,3,5-trifluorobenzene (1,3,5-C(6)F(3)H(3)) leads to the chemoselective formation of silicon(IV) hydride L(1)SiH(1,3,5-C(6)F(3)H(2)) (11). The formation of compounds 9 and 11 occurs via oxidative addition of the aromatic C-H bond to the silicon(II) center instead of C-F bond activation. All reported reactions proceed without any additional catalyst. Compounds 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, and 11 were investigated by microanalysis and multinuclear NMR spectroscopy and compounds 3, 7, 8, and 9 additionally by single crystal X-ray structural analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anukul Jana
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
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