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Yang XF, Zhang MX, Liu SH, Hartl F. Metallaaromatic Complexes as Candidates for Future Molecular Materials and Electronic Devices: Recent Advancements. Chem Asian J 2024; 19:e202300860. [PMID: 37997007 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202300860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, the field of organometallic chemistry has made a great progress and diverse types of metallaaromatics have successively been reported. In those studies, incorporation of ligated osmium centers into metallaaromatic systems played a prominent role. The reviewed literature documents that certain metallaaromatics with unconventional photophysical properties, redox and electronic transport properties and magnetism, have potential to be widely used in diverse practical applications, with selected examples of amino acid and fluoride anion identification, photothermal effects, functional materials, photodynamic therapy (PDT) in biomedicine, single-molecule junction conductors, and electron-transport layer materials (ETLs) in solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Fei Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, P. R. China
| | - Ming-Xing Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, P. R. China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Purification and Application of Plant Anti-cancer Active Ingredients, College of Chemistry and Life Science, Hubei University of Education, Wuhan, 430205, P. R. China
| | - Sheng Hua Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, P. R. China
| | - František Hartl
- Department of Chemistry, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, RG6 6DX, United Kingdom
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Fei Yang X, Zhang MX, Bin Fu D, Wang Y, Yin J, Hua Liu S. Pentacyclic and Hexacyclic Osmaarynes and Their Derivatives. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202202334. [PMID: 36198664 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202202334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Although osmabenzyne, osmanaphthalyne, osmaphenanthryne, and osmaanthracyne have been previously reported, the synthesis of polycyclic osmaarynes is still a challenge. Herein, we report the successful synthesis of the first pentacyclic osmaarynes (pyreno[b]osmabenzynes 1 a and 2 a) and hexacyclic osmaaryne (peryleno[b]osmabenzyne 3 a). Nucleophilic reaction of osmaarynes was used to obtain the corresponding pyreno[b]osmium complexes (1 and 2) and peryleno[b] osmium complex (3), which exhibited near-infrared luminescence and aggregation-induced emission (AIE) properties. Complexes 2 and 3 are resistant to photodegradation, and complex 2 has better photothermal conversion properties than 3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Fei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 430079, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Ming-Xing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 430079, Wuhan, P. R. China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Purification and Application of, Plant Anti-cancer Active Ingredients, College of Chemistry and Life Science, Hubei University of Education, 430205, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - De Bin Fu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 430079, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Yang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 430079, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Jun Yin
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 430079, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Sheng Hua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 430079, Wuhan, P. R. China
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3
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Ou YP, Yang X, Lin Z, Kong L, Liu SH. Binuclear Metal Ruthenium Complexes Bridged by Isomeric Bis(ethynyl)pyridine: Syntheses, Characterization and Electronic Coupling Properties. J Organomet Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2022.122491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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4
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Mai Y, Balzen AK, Torres RK, Callahan MP, Colson AC. A Modular Strategy for Expanding Electron-Sink Capacity in Noncanonical Cluster Assemblies. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:17733-17743. [PMID: 34748324 PMCID: PMC8653162 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c02373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
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A modular synthetic
strategy is described whereby organometallic
complexes exhibiting considerable electron-sink capacity may be assembled
by using only a few simple molecular components. The Fe2(PPh2)2(CO)5 fragment was selected
as a common electroactive component and was assembled around aromatic
cores bearing one, two, or three isocyanide functional groups, with
the resultant complexes possessing electron-sink capacities of two,
four, and six electrons, respectively. The latter complex is noteworthy
in that its electron-sink capacity was found to rival that of large
multinuclear clusters (e.g., [Ni32C6(CO)36]6– and [Ni38Pt6(CO)48]6–), which are often considered as benchmarks
of electron-sink behavior. Moreover, the modular assembly bearing
three Fe2(PPh2)2(CO)5 fragments
was observed to undergo reduction to a hexaanionic state over a potential
window of about −1.4 to −2.1 V (vs Fc/Fc+), the relatively compressed range being attributed to potential
inversions operative during the addition of the second, fourth, and
sixth electrons. Such complexes may be designated noncanonical
clusters because they exhibit redox properties similar to
those of large multinuclear clusters yet lack the extensive network
of metal–metal bonds and the condensed metallic cores that
typify the latter. By use of a
modular synthetic strategy and relatively few
molecular components, organometallic complexes exhibiting considerable
electron-sink capacity have been characterized. Complexes bearing
one, two, or three Fe2(PPh2)2(CO)5 fragments bound to aromatic isocyanide cores were found to
possess electron-sink capacities of two, four, and six electrons,
respectively, the latter rivaling the electron-sink capacity of large
polynuclear cluster benchmarks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yume Mai
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Boise State University, Boise, Idaho 83725, United States
| | - Alexandria K Balzen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Boise State University, Boise, Idaho 83725, United States
| | - Rebecca K Torres
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Boise State University, Boise, Idaho 83725, United States
| | - Michael P Callahan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Boise State University, Boise, Idaho 83725, United States
| | - Adam C Colson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Boise State University, Boise, Idaho 83725, United States
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Tkachenko NV, Muñoz-Castro A, Boldyrev AI. Occurrence of Double Bond in π-Aromatic Rings: An Easy Way to Design Doubly Aromatic Carbon-Metal Structures. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26237232. [PMID: 34885812 PMCID: PMC8659221 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26237232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A chemical bonding of several metallabenzenes and metallabenzynes was studied via an adaptive natural density partitioning (AdNDP) algorithm and the induced magnetic field analysis. A unique chemical bonding pattern was discovered where the M=C (M: Os, Re) double bond coexists with the delocalized 6c-2e π-bonding elements responsible for aromatic properties of the investigated complexes. In opposition to the previous description where 8 delocalized π-electrons were reported in metallabenzenes and metallabenzynes, we showed that only six delocalized π-electrons are present in those molecules. Thus, there is no deviation from Hückel's aromaticity rule for metallabenzynes/metallabenzenes complexes. Based on the discovered bonding pattern, we propose two thermodynamically stable novel molecules that possess not only π-delocalization but also retain six σ-delocalized electrons, rendering them as doubly aromatic species. As a result, our investigation gives a new direction for the search for carbon-metal doubly aromatic molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolay V. Tkachenko
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, 0300 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322-0300, USA;
- Grupo de Química Inorgánica y Materiales Moleculares, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Autonoma de Chile, El Llano Subercaseaux, Santiago 2801, Chile;
| | - Alvaro Muñoz-Castro
- Grupo de Química Inorgánica y Materiales Moleculares, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Autonoma de Chile, El Llano Subercaseaux, Santiago 2801, Chile;
| | - Alexander I. Boldyrev
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, 0300 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322-0300, USA;
- Correspondence:
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Huang YC, Chen HY, Chang YL, Vasanthakumar P, Chen SY, Kao CL, Wu CHY, Hsu SC. Synthesis of triisocyanomesitylene β‑diketiminato copper(I) complexes and evaluation of isocyanide π-back bonding. Polyhedron 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2020.114828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Abstract
Since the prediction of the existence of metallabenzenes in 1979, metallaaromatic chemistry has developed rapidly, due to its importance in both experimental and theoretical fields. Now six major types of metallaromatic compounds, metallabenzenes, metallabenzynes, heterometallaaromatics, dianion metalloles, metallapentalenes and metallapentalynes (also termed carbolongs), and spiro metalloles, have been reported and extensively studied. Their parent organic analogues may be aromatic, non-aromatic, or even anti-aromatic. These unique systems not only enrich the large family of aromatics, but they also broaden our understanding and extend the concept of aromaticity. This review provides a comprehensive overview of metallaaromatic chemistry. We have focused on not only the six major classes of metallaaromatics, including the main-group-metal-based metallaaromatics, but also other types, such as metallacyclobutadienes and metallacyclopropenes. The structures, synthetic methods, and reactivities are described, their applications are covered, and the challenges and future prospects of the area are discussed. The criteria commonly used to judge the aromaticity of metallaaromatics are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dafa Chen
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhui Hua
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiping Xia
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
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8
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Diphenylamine-Substituted Osmanaphthalyne Complexes: Structural, Bonding, and Redox Properties of Unusual Donor-Bridge-Acceptor Systems. Chemistry 2018; 24:18998-19009. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201804025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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9
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Chen ZN, Fu G, Zhang IY, Xu X. Understanding the Nonplanarity in Aromatic Metallabenzenes: A σ-Control Mechanism. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:9205-9214. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b01213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhe-Ning Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, MOE Key Laboratory of Computational Physical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, People’s Republic of China
| | - Gang Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People’s Republic of China
| | - Igor Ying Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, MOE Key Laboratory of Computational Physical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin Xu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, MOE Key Laboratory of Computational Physical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People’s Republic of China
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10
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Abstract
Metallaaromatics can be broadly defined as aromatic compounds in which one of the ring atoms is a transition metal. The metallabenzenes are one important class of these compounds that has undergone extensive study recently. Closely related species such as fused-ring metallabenzenes, heterometallabenzenes, π-coordinated metallabenzenes and metallabenzynes have also attracted considerable attention. Although many metallaaromatics can be considered as metalla-analogues of classic organic aromatic compounds, this is not always the case. Recent seminal studies have shown that metallapentalenes and metallapentalynes, which are metalla-analogues of the anti-aromatic compounds pentalene and pentalyne, are in fact aromatic and highly stable. Very unusual spiro-metallaaromatic compounds have also recently been isolated. In this concepts article, key features of all these intriguing metallaaromatic compounds are discussed with reference to the structural, spectroscopic, reactivity and theoretical studies that have been undertaken. These compounds continue to generate much interest, not only because of the contributions they make to fundamental chemical understanding, but also because of the promise of possible practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin J Frogley
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag, 92019, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - L James Wright
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag, 92019, Auckland, New Zealand
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11
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Huang J, Zhou X, Zhao Q, Li S, Xia H. Synthesis, Characterization and Electrochemical Properties of 4,5-Diazafluoren-9-yl or Fluoren-9-yl Terminated Homobimetallic Ruthenium and Osmium Allenylidene, Alkynyl-Allenylidene Complexes. CHINESE J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201600910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jinbo Huang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University, Xiamen; Fujian 361005 China
| | - Xiaoxi Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University, Xiamen; Fujian 361005 China
| | - Qianyi Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University, Xiamen; Fujian 361005 China
| | - Shunhua Li
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University, Xiamen; Fujian 361005 China
| | - Haiping Xia
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University, Xiamen; Fujian 361005 China
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12
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Lu Z, Zhu C, Cai Y, Zhu J, Hua Y, Chen Z, Chen J, Xia H. Metallapentalenofurans and Lactone-Fused Metallapentalynes. Chemistry 2017; 23:6426-6431. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201700789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyu Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM); College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 P.R. China
| | - Congqing Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM); College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 P.R. China
| | - Yuanting Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM); College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 P.R. China
| | - Jun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM); College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 P.R. China
| | - Yuhui Hua
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM); College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 P.R. China
| | - Zhixin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM); College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 P.R. China
| | - Jiangxi Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; College of Materials; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 P.R. China
| | - Haiping Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM); College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 P.R. China
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13
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Liu B, Guo CL, Liu WX, Guo ME, Yan F, Xue LS, Wang H, Liu CL, Jin S. Syntheses, structural characterisation and electronic structures of ferrocenyl-osmafuran heterobinuclear organometallic complexes. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:15803-15811. [DOI: 10.1039/c7dt03145a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The electron transfer through the backbone of metallafurans was studied by spectroelectrochemistry and theoretical calculation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Central China Normal University
- Wuhan 430079
| | - Chun-Lan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Central China Normal University
- Wuhan 430079
| | - Wen-Xia Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Central China Normal University
- Wuhan 430079
| | - Ming-E. Guo
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Central China Normal University
- Wuhan 430079
| | - Feng Yan
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Central China Normal University
- Wuhan 430079
| | - Lu-Sha Xue
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Central China Normal University
- Wuhan 430079
| | - Huijuan Wang
- Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Wuhan 430079
- P.R. China
| | - Chang-Lin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Central China Normal University
- Wuhan 430079
| | - Shan Jin
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Central China Normal University
- Wuhan 430079
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Huang YC, Chen HY, Cheng CY, Tsai YL, Chiang MY, Hsu SCN. Stepwise and Self-Assembly Synthesis of Tetranuclear Iron-Thiolate-Diisocyanide Metallocyclophane Complexes. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.201600776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Chung Huang
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry; Kaohsiung Medical University; Kaohsiung 807 Taiwan
| | - Hsuan-Ying Chen
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry; Kaohsiung Medical University; Kaohsiung 807 Taiwan
| | - Chau-Yu Cheng
- Department of Chemistry; National Sun Yat-Sen University; Kaohsiung 804 Taiwan
| | - Yu-Lin Tsai
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry; Kaohsiung Medical University; Kaohsiung 807 Taiwan
| | - Michael Y. Chiang
- Department of Chemistry; National Sun Yat-Sen University; Kaohsiung 804 Taiwan
| | - Sodio C. N. Hsu
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry; Kaohsiung Medical University; Kaohsiung 807 Taiwan
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Ko CC, Cheung AWY, Yiu SM. Synthesis, photophysical and electrochemical study of diisocyano-bridged homodinuclear rhenium(I) diimine complexes. Polyhedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2014.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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16
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Wei Y, Zhou X, Hong G, Chen Z, Zhang H, Xia H. Reactions of osmapyridinium with terminal alkynes. Org Chem Front 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5qo00052a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The reactions of osmapyridinium with terminal alkynes are presented, which lead to the formation of ten-membered osmacycles and η4-coordinated cyclopentadiene complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanqing Wei
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces
- Department of Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Xiamen University
- Xiamen
| | - Xiaoxi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces
- Department of Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Xiamen University
- Xiamen
| | - Guangning Hong
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces
- Department of Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Xiamen University
- Xiamen
| | - Zhixin Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces
- Department of Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Xiamen University
- Xiamen
| | - Hong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces
- Department of Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Xiamen University
- Xiamen
| | - Haiping Xia
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces
- Department of Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Xiamen University
- Xiamen
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17
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Han F, Li J, Zhang H, Wang T, Lin Z, Xia H. Reactions of Osmabenzene with Silver/Copper Acetylides: From Metallabenzene to Benzene. Chemistry 2014; 21:565-7. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201405220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Abstract
Aromatic compounds, such as benzene and its derivatives, porphyrins, fullerenes, carbon nanotubes, and graphene, have numerous applications in biomedicine, materials science, energy science, and environmental science. Metalla-aromatics are analogues of conventional organic aromatic molecules in which one of the (hydro)carbon segments is formally replaced by an isolobal transition-metal fragment. Researchers have studied these transition-metal-containing aromatic molecules for the past three decades, particularly the synthesis and reactivity of metallabenzenes. Another focus has been the preparation and characterization of other metalla-aromatics such as metallafurans, metallapyridines, metallabenzynes, and more. Despite significant advances, remaining challenges in this field include the limited number of convenient and versatile synthetic methods to construct stable and fully characterized metalla-aromatics, and the relative shortage of new topologies. To address these challenges, we have developed new methods for preparing metalla-aromatics, especially those possessing new topologies. Our synthetic efforts have led to a large family of closely related metalla-aromatics known as aromatic osmacycles. This Account summarizes the synthesis and reactivity of these compounds, with a focus on features that are different from those of compounds developed by other groups. These osmacycles can be synthesized from simple precursors under mild conditions. Using these efficient methods, we have synthesized aromatic osmacycles such as osmabenzene, osmabenzyne, isoosmabenzene, osmafuran, and osmanaphthalene. Furthermore, these methods have also created a series of new topologies, such as osmabenzothiazole and osmapyridyne. Our studies of the reactivity of these osma-aromatics revealed unprecedented reaction patterns, and we demonstrated the interconversion of several osmacycles. Like other metalla-aromatics, osma-aromatics have spectroscopic features of aromaticity, such as ring planarity and the characteristic bond lengths between a single and double bond, but the osma-aromatics we have prepared also exhibit good stability towards air, water, and heat. Indeed, some seemingly unstable species proved stable, and their stability made it possible to study their optical, electrochemical, and magnetic properties. The stability of these compouds results from their aromaticity and the phosphonium substituents on the aromatic plane: most of our osma-aromatics carry at least one phosphonium group. The phosphonium group offers stability via both electronic and steric mechanisms. The phosphonium acts as an electron reservoir, allowing the circulation of electron pairs along metallacycles and lowering the electron density of the aromatic rings. Meanwhile, the bulky phosphonium groups surrounding the aromatic metallacycle prevent most reactions that could decompose the skeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yu Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Qianyi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Zhiqun Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Haiping Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
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19
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Chen J, Jia G. Recent development in the chemistry of transition metal-containing metallabenzenes and metallabenzynes. Coord Chem Rev 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2013.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Wang T, Zhang H, Han F, Long L, Lin Z, Xia H. cine-Substitution reactions of metallabenzenes: an experimental and computational study. Chemistry 2013; 19:10982-91. [PMID: 23843260 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201301398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2013] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Alkali-resistant osmabenzene [(SCN)2(PPh3)2Os{CHC(PPh3)CHCICH}] (2) can undergo nucleophilic aromatic substitution with MeOH or EtOH to give cine-substitution products [(SCN)2(PPh3)2Os{CHC(PPh3)CHCHCR}] (R=OMe (3), OEt(4)) in the presence of strong alkali. However, the reactions of compound 2 with various amines, such as n-butylamine and aniline, afford five-membered ring species, [(SCN)2(PPh3)2Os{CH=C(PPh3)CH=C(CH=NHR')}] (R'=nBu(8), Ph(9)), in addition to the desired cine-substitution products, [(SCN)2(PPh3)2Os{CHC(PPh3)CHCHC(NHR')}] (R'=nBu(6), Ph(7)), under similar reaction conditions. The mechanisms of these reactions have been investigated in detail with the aid of isotopic labeling experiments and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The results reveal that the cine-substitution reactions occur through nucleophilic addition, dissociation of the leaving group, protonation, and deprotonation steps, which resemble the classical "addition-of-nucleophile, ring-opening, ring-closure" (ANRORC) mechanism. DFT calculations suggest that, in the reaction with MeOH, the formation of a five-membered metallacycle species is both kinetically and thermodynamically less favorable, which is consistent with the experimental results that only the cine-substitution product is observed. For the analogous reaction with n-butylamine, the pathway for the formation of the cine-substitution product is kinetically less favorable than the pathway for the formation of a five-membered ring species, but is much more thermodynamically favorable, again consistent with the experimental conversion of compound 8 into compound 6, which is observed in an in situ NMR experiment with an isolated pure sample of 8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongdao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P.R. China
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21
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Chen J, Zhang C, Xie T, Wen TB, Zhang H, Xia H. Conversion of a Hydrido–Butenylcarbyne Complex to η2-Allene-Coordinated Complexes and Metallabenzenes. Organometallics 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/om400469e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jinxiang Chen
- State Key
Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid
Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy
Materials, and College of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chunhong Zhang
- State Key
Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid
Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy
Materials, and College of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tingwan Xie
- State Key
Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid
Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy
Materials, and College of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ting Bin Wen
- State Key
Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid
Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy
Materials, and College of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hong Zhang
- State Key
Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid
Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy
Materials, and College of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haiping Xia
- State Key
Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid
Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy
Materials, and College of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People’s Republic of China
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22
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Reactivity study of a hydroxyl coordinated osmium vinyl complex OsCl2(PPh3)2[CH=C(PPh3)CHPh(OH)]. Sci China Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-013-4876-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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23
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Poon KC, Shi C, Sung HHY, Williams ID, Lin Z, Jia G. Synthesis of Alkenyl Ylide Complexes from Reactions of ReOCl2(OEt)(PPh3)2 with Alkynols. Organometallics 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/om3005788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ka Chun Poon
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuan Shi
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Herman H.-Y. Sung
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ian D. Williams
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenyang Lin
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Guochen Jia
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
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24
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Liu B, Zhao Q, Wang H, Chen J, Cao X, Cao Z, Xia H. Synthesis of Osmapyridiniums by [4+2] Cycloaddition Reaction between Osmium Alkenylcarbyne and Nitriles. CHINESE J CHEM 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201200650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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25
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Chen J, Shi C, Sung HHY, Williams ID, Lin Z, Jia G. Synthesis and Characterization of Rhenabenzyne Complexes. Chemistry 2012; 18:14128-39. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201202012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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26
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Wang T, Zhang H, Han F, Lin R, Lin Z, Xia H. Synthesis and Characterization of a Metallapyridyne Complex. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:9838-41. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201204073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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27
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Wang T, Zhang H, Han F, Lin R, Lin Z, Xia H. Synthesis and Characterization of a Metallapyridyne Complex. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201204073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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28
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Herndon JW. The chemistry of the carbon–transition metal double and triple bond: Annual survey covering the year 2010. Coord Chem Rev 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2012.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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29
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Lin R, Zhao J, Chen H, Zhang H, Xia H. Interconversion of Metallabenzenes and Cyclic η
2
‐Allene‐Coordinated Complexes. Chem Asian J 2012; 7:1915-24. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201200231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2012] [Revised: 04/15/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ran Lin
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005 (P.R. China), Fax: (+86) 592‐2186628
| | - Jing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005 (P.R. China), Fax: (+86) 592‐2186628
| | - Hanyu Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005 (P.R. China), Fax: (+86) 592‐2186628
| | - Hong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005 (P.R. China), Fax: (+86) 592‐2186628
| | - Haiping Xia
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005 (P.R. China), Fax: (+86) 592‐2186628
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30
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Dalebrook AF, Wright LJ. Metallabenzenes and Metallabenzenoids. ADVANCES IN ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-396970-5.00003-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
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31
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Hung WY, Liu B, Shou W, Wen TB, Shi C, Sung HHY, Williams ID, Lin Z, Jia G. Electrophilic substitution reactions of metallabenzynes. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:18350-60. [PMID: 21995454 DOI: 10.1021/ja207315h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The electrophilic substitution reactions of metallabenzynes Os(≡CC(R)═C(CH(3))C(R)═CH)Cl(2)(PPh(3))(2) (R = SiMe(3), H) were studied. These metallabenzynes react with electrophilic reagents, including Br(2), NO(2)BF(4), NOBF(4), HCl/H(2)O(2), and AlCl(3)/H(2)O(2) to afford the corresponding bromination, nitration, nitrosation, and chlorination products. The reactions usually occur at the C2 and C4 positions of the metallacycle. These observations support the notion that metallabenzynes exhibit aromatic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wai Yiu Hung
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
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32
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Lin PC, Chen HY, Chen PY, Chiang MH, Chiang MY, Kuo TS, Hsu SCN. Self-Assembly and Redox Modulation of the Cavity Size of an Unusual Rectangular Iron Thiolate Aryldiisocyanide Metallocyclophane. Inorg Chem 2011; 50:10825-34. [DOI: 10.1021/ic201380k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Chin Lin
- Department of Medicinal
and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Hsing-Yin Chen
- Department of Medicinal
and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Po-Yu Chen
- Department of Medicinal
and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hsi Chiang
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 115,
Taiwan
| | - Michael Y. Chiang
- Department
of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung
804, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Shen Kuo
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei
116, Taiwan
| | - Sodio C. N. Hsu
- Department of Medicinal
and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
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33
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Chen J, Sung HHY, Williams ID, Lin Z, Jia G. Synthesis and Characterization of a Rhenabenzyne Complex. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201104587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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34
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Chen J, Sung HHY, Williams ID, Lin Z, Jia G. Synthesis and Characterization of a Rhenabenzyne Complex. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 50:10675-8. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201104587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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35
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Chen J, Shi C, Sung HHY, Williams ID, Lin Z, Jia G. Conversion of Metallabenzynes into Carbene Complexes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201101844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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36
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Chen J, Shi C, Sung HHY, Williams ID, Lin Z, Jia G. Conversion of Metallabenzynes into Carbene Complexes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 50:7295-9. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201101844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2011] [Revised: 04/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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37
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Lin R, Zhang H, Li S, Wang J, Xia H. New highly stable metallabenzenes via nucleophilic aromatic substitution reaction. Chemistry 2011; 17:4223-31. [PMID: 21360601 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201003566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2010] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Treatment of the ruthenabenzene [Ru{CHC(PPh(3))CHC(PPh(3))CH}Cl(2)(PPh(3))(2)]Cl (1) with excess 8-hydroxyquinoline in the presence of CH(3)COONa under air atmosphere produced the S(N)Ar product [(C(9) H(6)NO)Ru{CHC(PPh(3))CHC(PPh(3))C}(C(9)H(6)NO)(PPh(3))]Cl(2) (3). Ruthenabenzene 3 could be stable in the solution of weak alkali or weak acid. However, reaction of 3 with NaOH afforded a 7:1 mixture of ruthenabenzenes [(C(9)H(6)NO)Ru{CHC(PPh(3))CHCHC}(C(9)H(6)NO)(PPh(3))]Cl (4) and [(C(9)H(6)NO)Ru{CHCHCHC(PPh(3))C}(C(9)H(6)NO)(PPh(3))]Cl (5), presumably involving a P-C bond cleavage of the metallacycle. Complex 3 was also reactive to HCl, which results in a transformation of 3 to ruthenabenzene [Ru{CHC(PPh(3))CHC(PPh(3))C}Cl(2)(C(9)H(6)NO)(PPh(3))]Cl (6) in high yield. Thermal stability tests showed that ruthenabenzenes 4, 5, and 6 have remarkable thermal stability both in solid state and in solution under air atmosphere. Ruthenabenzenes 4 and 5 were found to be fluorescent in common solvents and have spectral behaviors comparable to those organic multicyclic compounds containing large π-extended systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Lin
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China
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38
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Shi C, Guo T, Poon KC, Lin Z, Jia G. Theoretical study on the rearrangement of metallabenzenes to cyclopentadienyl complexes. Dalton Trans 2011; 40:11315-20. [DOI: 10.1039/c1dt10535c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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