1
|
Chlupatý T, Brichová K, Samsonov MA, Růžičková Z, Růžička A. Reversible addition of tin(II) amides to nitriles. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:1879-1887. [PMID: 35018907 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt04060j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Lappert's stannylene (Sn[N(SiMe3)2]2) has been reacted with various nitriles, dinitriles and trinitriles with the formation of heteroleptic amidotin(II) amidinates of the general formulae [RC(NSiMe3)2]SnN(SiMe3)2, R'{[C(NSiMe3)2]SnN(SiMe3)2}2 and R''{[C(NSiMe3)2]SnN(SiMe3)2}3, where R = Ph (1), 2-(CN)-C6H4 (2), 3-(CN)-C6H4 (3); R' = 1,3-C6H4 (4), 1,4-C6H4 (5) and R'' = 1,3,5-C6H3 (6). The reactions of amidotin(II) benzamidinate 1 with an excess of benzonitrile proceed to homoleptic tin(II) bis(benzamidinate) [PhC(NSiMe3)2]2Sn, which reversibly eliminates benzonitrile and 1 when warmed. The premise of reversibility has been supported by a multinuclear time-dependent NMR study and a theoretical (DFT) description. On the other hand, magnesium(II) bis(benzamidinate) [PhC(NSiMe3)2]2Mg (8) and lanthanum(II) tris(benzamidinate) [PhC(NSiMe3)2]3La (7) have been synthesised from appropriate metal hexamethyldisilazides and benzonitrile.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomáš Chlupatý
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, CZ-532 10, Pardubice, Czech Republic.
| | - Kristýna Brichová
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, CZ-532 10, Pardubice, Czech Republic.
| | - Maksim A Samsonov
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, CZ-532 10, Pardubice, Czech Republic.
| | - Zdeňka Růžičková
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, CZ-532 10, Pardubice, Czech Republic.
| | - Aleš Růžička
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, CZ-532 10, Pardubice, Czech Republic.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Alvarez S. From polygons to polyhedra through intermediate structures. A shape measures study of six-atom inorganic rings and clusters. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:17101-17119. [PMID: 34779451 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt03039f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Among the wealth of well-established molecular structures, inorganic rings and clusters present an overwhelming variety of geometries that chemists try to describe with a limited assortment of regular polygons and polyhedra. In the case of six-atom structures we usually employ the hexagon, the pentagonal pyramid, the trigonal prism and the octahedron. More often than not, however, real world structures deviate from those ideal geometries, and we try to cope with non-ideality by adding adjectives such as distorted, twisted, puckered or flattened, additionally nuanced by adverbs such as slightly, significantly or severely. This contribution presents a systematic structural perspective of six-atom groups in molecules by means of a continuous shape measures (CShM) analysis. The shape of a group of N points is defined by all the sets of 3 N Cartesian coordinates that can be generated by rigid translation, rotation, or isotropic scale change. Among all possible arrangements of N points in space, we select as reference shapes the corresponding regular N-vertex polygons and polyhedra, together with univocally defined combinations thereof (e.g., two coplanar or perpendicular edge-sharing squares). The present CShM study allows us to classify most of the structures not only by their closeness to a particular regular shape, but also by quantifying their position along minimal distortion interconversion pathways between two regular shapes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Santiago Alvarez
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, Secció de Química Inorgànica and Institut de Química Teòrica i Computacional, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès, 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Formation of a Fused Carbatriazaalane via Deinsertion of Benzonitrile from a Triazaalane. J Organomet Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2020.121613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
4
|
Martin J, Langer J, Elsen H, Harder S. Alkaline Earth Metal Imido Complexes with Doubly Deprotonated Amidine and β‐Diketimine Ligands. Eur J Inorg Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202000783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Martin
- Inorganic and Organometallic Chemistry Friedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐Nürnberg Egerlandstraße 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Jens Langer
- Inorganic and Organometallic Chemistry Friedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐Nürnberg Egerlandstraße 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Holger Elsen
- Inorganic and Organometallic Chemistry Friedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐Nürnberg Egerlandstraße 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Sjoerd Harder
- Inorganic and Organometallic Chemistry Friedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐Nürnberg Egerlandstraße 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Rios Yepes Y, Quintero C, Osorio Meléndez D, Daniliuc CG, Martínez J, Rojas RS. Cyclic Carbonates from CO2 and Epoxides Catalyzed by Tetra- and Pentacoordinate Amidinate Aluminum Complexes. Organometallics 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yersica Rios Yepes
- Laboratorio de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Católica de Chile, Casilla 306, Santiago 22 6094411, Chile
| | - Celso Quintero
- Laboratorio de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Católica de Chile, Casilla 306, Santiago 22 6094411, Chile
| | - Danay Osorio Meléndez
- Laboratorio de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Católica de Chile, Casilla 306, Santiago 22 6094411, Chile
| | | | - Javier Martínez
- Laboratorio de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Católica de Chile, Casilla 306, Santiago 22 6094411, Chile
| | - René S. Rojas
- Laboratorio de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Católica de Chile, Casilla 306, Santiago 22 6094411, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Raghavendra B, Bakthavachalam K, Ramakrishna B, Dastagiri Reddy N. N-Benzoylbenzamidinate Complexes of Magnesium: Catalysts for the Ring-Opening Polymerization of ε-Caprolactone and CO2/Epoxide Coupling. Organometallics 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.7b00617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B. Raghavendra
- Department of Chemistry, Pondicherry University, Pondicherry 605 014, India
| | - K. Bakthavachalam
- Department of Chemistry, Pondicherry University, Pondicherry 605 014, India
| | | | - N. Dastagiri Reddy
- Department of Chemistry, Pondicherry University, Pondicherry 605 014, India
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kirubakaran B, Beesam R, Nareddula DR. Zinc(II) complexes of Triaza and Amidinate ligands: Efficient initiators for the ring-opening polymerization of ε
-Caprolactone and rac
-Lactide. Appl Organomet Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.3833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Raghavendra Beesam
- Department of Chemistry; Pondicherry University; Pondicherry 605014 India
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Xi Y, Rajendran NM, Zhang W, Sun Y, Lei M, Sun WH. Quinolyl-Amidinates Chelating Bimetallic Magnesium and Mononuclear Aluminum Complexes forϵ-Caprolactone Polymerization. ChemistrySelect 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201601517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanxia Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Institute of Material Medicine, College of Science; Beijing University of Chemical Technology; Beijing 100029 China
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100190 China
| | - Natesan Mannangatti Rajendran
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100190 China
| | - Wenjuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100190 China
| | - Yang Sun
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100190 China
| | - Ming Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Institute of Material Medicine, College of Science; Beijing University of Chemical Technology; Beijing 100029 China
| | - Wen-Hua Sun
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100190 China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Doinikov DA, Kollhammerova I, Löbl J, Necas M, Timoshkin AY, Pinkas J. Alumazene adducts with acetonitrile: Structure and thermal stability. J Organomet Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2016.02.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
10
|
Complexes of borazine and its analogs with Lewis acids and bases. Russ Chem Bull 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-015-1192-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
11
|
Xiong K, Liu W, Teat SJ, An L, Wang H, Emge TJ, Li J. New hybrid lead iodides: From one-dimensional chain to two-dimensional layered perovskite structure. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2015.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
12
|
Maheswari K, Rao AR, Reddy ND. Insertion of benzonitrile into Al-N and ga-N bonds: formation of fused carbatriaza-gallanes/alanes and their subsequent synthesis from amidines and trimethyl-gallium/aluminum. Inorg Chem 2015; 54:2000-8. [PMID: 25621395 DOI: 10.1021/ic5029096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Insertion of aromatic nitriles into Al-N and Ga-N bonds are reported. Sterically less hindered aluminum amide [PhNHAlMe2]2 (1) undergoes C≡N insertion with benzonitrile to give an isomeric mixture of tetracyclic triazaalanes {[PhNC(Ph)N]3[PhNC(Ph)NH]Al[AlMe][AlMe2]2} (2 and 3). A similar reaction with analogous gallium amide affords a tetracyclic triazagallane {[PhNC(Ph)N]3[PhNC(Ph)NH]Ga[GaMe][GaMe2]2} (6) along with a novel bowl shaped carbon containing Ga-N cluster {[PhNC(Ph)N][PhN][GaMe]2}3 (5). On the other hand, when sterically bulky gallium amide (Dipp on N, Dipp = 2,6-diisopropylphenyl) is employed, a tetrameric gallium amidinate {[(Dipp)NC(Ph)N]GaMe}4 (8) is obtained. Tetracyclic triazagallazane 6 is also synthesized from the condensation reaction of N-phenylbenzamidine with GaMe3·OEt2. Unlike AlMe3, this reaction produces only one isomer. In case of amidines with bulkier substituents on N such as Dipp, formation of a bicyclic triazagallane {[(Dipp)NC(Ph)NH]2[(Dipp)NC(Ph)N][GaMe]2} (14) is also observed along with tetrameric gallium amidinate 8, whereas N-tert-butylbenzamidine affords exclusively a tetrameric gallium amidinate {[(tert-Bu)NC(Ph)N]GaMe}4 (15) similar to its Al analogue. However, treating N-(Dipp)acetamidine with GaMe3·OEt2 gives only a bicyclic triazagallane {[(Dipp)NC(Me)NH]2[(Dipp)NC(Me)N][GaMe]2} (16). An intermediate [(tert-Bu)N(H) C(Ph)NGaMe2]2 (17), which is involved in the formation of tetrameric gallium amidinate 15, is also characterized. A comparison of the structural parameters of Ga-N-C and Al-N-C frameworks synthesized in this study is reported.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Maheswari
- Department of Chemistry, Pondicherry University , Pondicherry 605014, India
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Bakthavachalam K, Rajagopal A, Dastagiri Reddy N. N-Benzoylbenzamidinate complexes of aluminium: highly efficient initiators for the ring-opening polymerization of ε-caprolactone. Dalton Trans 2014; 43:14816-23. [PMID: 25163017 DOI: 10.1039/c4dt02026j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of aluminium complexes supported by amidinate-based N,O-chelate ligands are synthesized and characterized. While complexes [L(Dipp)AlMe2] () and [L(Ph)AlMe2] () are prepared by treating N-benzoyl-N'-2,6-diisopropylphenylbenzamidine (L(Dipp)H) and N-benzoyl-N'-phenylbenzamidine (L(Ph)H) with a slight excess of 1 equiv. of AlMe3, complexes [(L(Dipp))2AlMe] () and [(L(Ph))3Al] () can be obtained using the ligands and AlMe3 in 2 : 1 and 3 : 1 molar ratios respectively. Complexes have been characterized by (1)H/(13)C NMR spectroscopy and elemental analysis. The molecular structures of complexes , and have also been determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction technique. , and are highly active initiators for the ring opening polymerization (ROP) of ε-caprolactone and produce polycaprolactone with very high molecular weight and narrow molecular weight distribution. These complexes are also active toward the ROP of cyclohexene oxide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Bakthavachalam
- Department of Chemistry, Pondichacerry University, Pondicherry 605014, India.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
He G, Shynkaruk O, Lui MW, Rivard E. Small Inorganic Rings in the 21st Century: From Fleeting Intermediates to Novel Isolable Entities. Chem Rev 2014; 114:7815-80. [DOI: 10.1021/cr400547x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gang He
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan
Drive, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2G2
| | - Olena Shynkaruk
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan
Drive, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2G2
| | - Melanie W. Lui
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan
Drive, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2G2
| | - Eric Rivard
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan
Drive, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2G2
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Bakthavachalam K, Reddy ND. Synthesis of Aluminum Complexes of Triaza Framework Ligands and Their Catalytic Activity toward Polymerization of ε-Caprolactone. Organometallics 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/om3011432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. Bakthavachalam
- Department of Chemistry, Pondicherry University, Pondicherry
605014, India
| | - N. Dastagiri Reddy
- Department of Chemistry, Pondicherry University, Pondicherry
605014, India
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Edelmann FT. Recent Progress in the Chemistry of Metal Amidinates and Guanidinates. ADVANCES IN ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-407692-1.00002-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
17
|
Li J, Li X, Huang W, Hu H, Zhang J, Cui C. Synthesis, Structure, and Reactivity of a Monomeric Iminoalane. Chemistry 2012; 18:15263-6. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201203298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
18
|
Rauws TRM, Maes BUW. Transition metal-catalyzed N-arylations of amidines and guanidines. Chem Soc Rev 2012; 41:2463-97. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cs15236j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
|
19
|
Maheswari K, Reddy ND. Reactions of N-Monosubstituted Amidines with AlMe3 and AlMeCl2: Formation of Fused Triazaalane Heterocycles. Organometallics 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/om2007375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- K. Maheswari
- Department of Chemistry, Pondicherry University, Pondicherry 605014, India
| | - N. Dastagiri Reddy
- Department of Chemistry, Pondicherry University, Pondicherry 605014, India
| |
Collapse
|