1
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Menia D, Pittracher M, Kopacka H, Wurst K, Neururer FR, Leitner D, Hohloch S, Podewitz M, Bildstein B. Curious Case of Cobaltocenium Carbaldehyde. Organometallics 2023; 42:377-383. [PMID: 36937785 PMCID: PMC10015550 DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.2c00613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Cobaltocenium carbaldehyde (formylcobaltocenium) hexafluoridophosphate, a long sought-after functionalized cobaltocenium salt, is accessible from cobaltocenium carboxylic acid by a three-step synthetic sequence involving (i) chlorination to the acid chloride, (ii) copper-borohydride reduction to the hydroxymethyl derivative, and (iii) Dess-Martin oxidation to the title compound. Due to the strongly electron-withdrawing cationic cobaltocenium moiety, no standard aldehyde reactivity is observed. Instead, nucleophilic addition followed by haloform-type cleavage prevails, thereby ruling out common useful aldehyde derivatization. One-electron reduction of cobaltocenium carbaldehyde hexafluoridophosphate affords the deep-blue, isolable cobaltocene carbaldehyde 19-valence-electron radical whose spin density is located fully at cobalt and not at the formyl carbon atom. 1H/13C NMR, IR, EPR spectroscopy, high-resolution mass spectrometry, cyclic voltammetry, single crystal structure analysis (XRD), and density functional theory are applied to characterize these unusual formyl-cobaltocenium/cobaltocene compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Menia
- Institut
für Allgemeine, Anorganische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Michael Pittracher
- Institut
für Allgemeine, Anorganische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Holger Kopacka
- Institut
für Allgemeine, Anorganische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Klaus Wurst
- Institut
für Allgemeine, Anorganische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Florian R. Neururer
- Institut
für Allgemeine, Anorganische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Daniel Leitner
- Institut
für Allgemeine, Anorganische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Stephan Hohloch
- Institut
für Allgemeine, Anorganische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Maren Podewitz
- Institute
of Materials Chemistry, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Benno Bildstein
- Institut
für Allgemeine, Anorganische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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2
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Synthesis of cationic cobaltocenophane monomers: Isomerization and ring-opening metathesis polymerization. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2022.124544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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3
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Morimoto H, Matsuo K, Hayashi H, Yamada H, Aratani N. Facile Post-synthesis and Redox Behavior of π-Expanded Ferrocene and ansa-Ferrocene. CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.220011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hirofumi Morimoto
- Division of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192
| | - Kyohei Matsuo
- Division of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192
| | - Hironobu Hayashi
- Division of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192
| | - Hiroko Yamada
- Division of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192
| | - Naoki Aratani
- Division of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192
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4
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Zhao M, Zhang H, Ma Y. Enhanced Long-Term Stability of Organic Electrode Materials by a Trap Filler Strategy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:49936-49941. [PMID: 34645260 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c14286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The sensitivity of organic electrode materials to water and oxygen has long been the bottleneck of their further development. The residual and penetrative water and oxygen in electrochemical cells form electron traps that trigger irreversible side reactions, which is detrimental to their long-term stability. A trap filler strategy by introducing molecules with low ionization energy in a cell, bis(pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)cobalt(II) (DMC) as an example, is demonstrated to deactivate traps spontaneously by donating electrons to traps without causing undesirable reactions with electrode materials. The electrode materials BthCz and AQCz, with lowest unoccupied molecular orbital levels above or near the electron traps (-3.6 to -3.8 eV), exhibit conspicuous stability increment of 68.6 and 26.3%, respectively, with the optimized DMC concentration of 5 × 10-4 M in acetonitrile electrolyte.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manlin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, No. 381 Wushan Road, Tianhe Distinct, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Huanhuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, No. 381 Wushan Road, Tianhe Distinct, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Yuguang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, No. 381 Wushan Road, Tianhe Distinct, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, South China University of Technology, No. 381 Wushan Road, Tianhe Distinct, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
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5
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Escribano A, Steenbock T, Stork C, Herrmann C, Heck J. Why Are Dithienylethene-Linked Biscobaltocenes so Hard to Photoswitch? Chemphyschem 2017; 18:596-609. [PMID: 28092133 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201601146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Attaching an organometallic unit to a dithienylethene (DTE) molecular switch can allow one to vary its switching and spectroscopic properties, and to create switchable magnetic properties. In this work, two different dithienylethene molecular switches are used as a bridge between two cobalt sandwich units. The only difference between the switching cores is in the size of the cycloalkene ring connecting both thiophene rings. The complexes present different oxidation states for the cobalt atoms, which are demonstrated to determine the switching reaction. The UV/Vis measurements show that while the Co(I) complexes undergo the switching reaction, the Co(II,III) complexes switch poorly. Kohn-Sham density functional theory calculations indicate diabatic ring-closure mechanisms and a large number of excited states hindering the cyclization reaction and favoring the relaxation to the open form of the molecular switch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Escribano
- Institut für Anorganische und Angewandte Chemie, Universität Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King Platz 6, 20146, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Torben Steenbock
- Institut für Anorganische und Angewandte Chemie, Universität Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King Platz 6, 20146, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Conrad Stork
- Institut für Anorganische und Angewandte Chemie, Universität Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King Platz 6, 20146, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Carmen Herrmann
- Institut für Anorganische und Angewandte Chemie, Universität Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King Platz 6, 20146, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Heck
- Institut für Anorganische und Angewandte Chemie, Universität Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King Platz 6, 20146, Hamburg, Germany
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6
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Lerayer E, Renaut P, Brandès S, Cattey H, Fleurat-Lessard P, Bouhadir G, Bourissou D, Hierso JC. Planar-Chiral 1,1'-Diboryl Metallocenes: Diastereoselective Synthesis from Boryl Cyclopentadienides and Spin Density Analysis of a Diborylcobaltocene. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:1966-1973. [PMID: 28139922 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b02510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of nonsubstituted alkali metal cyclopentadienides with haloboranes leads to ∼90:10 mixtures of isomeric diene products that can be deprotonated to give simple boryl cyclopentadienides. We extended this transformation to the sterically hindered lithium tert-butylcyclopentadienide 1 using FBMes2 (Mes = 2,4,6-trimethylphenyl) and ClBCy2 as electrophiles. The boryl group is selectively introduced in the remote position to minimize steric congestion. The new boryl dienes are obtained as mixtures of isomers, and subsequent deprotonation with MeLi or LiHMDS affords the lithium 1,3-disubstituted cyclopentadienides 5a,b in yields over 95%. Direct assembling of tert-butylated boryl cyclopentadienides with MCl2 (M = Fe, Co) selectively leads to 1,1'-planar chiral ferrocenes 6a,b and cobaltocene 7. To shed light into the diastereoselective formation of 6a, DFT calculations were performed. The potential energy surface was scrutinized so as to identify and compare its diastereoisomers and conformers. This stereoselectivity is attributed to minimized steric repulsions between the tert-butyl and the BMes2 groups in the eclipsed conformation of the racemic diastereoisomers. The X-ray structures of boryl diene 2a and diboryl ferrocene 6a are reported. The electronic structure of cobaltocene 7 was analyzed by EPR and DFT calculations. The spin density of this unique open-shell complex is mainly localized on the Co center, but significant spin density is also found on the boron atoms, indicating substantial delocalization of the unpaired electron over the Lewis acid moieties. Consistently, the singly occupied molecular orbital is a combination of a Co-centered 3d orbital with π(BC) orbitals on each CpBMes2 rings. There is only weak, if any, direct M···B interaction in 6 and 7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Lerayer
- Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté , Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne (ICMUB UMR 6302 CNRS), 9 Avenue Alain Savary, 21078 Dijon, France
| | - Patrice Renaut
- Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté , Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne (ICMUB UMR 6302 CNRS), 9 Avenue Alain Savary, 21078 Dijon, France
| | - Stéphane Brandès
- Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté , Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne (ICMUB UMR 6302 CNRS), 9 Avenue Alain Savary, 21078 Dijon, France
| | - Hélène Cattey
- Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté , Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne (ICMUB UMR 6302 CNRS), 9 Avenue Alain Savary, 21078 Dijon, France
| | - Paul Fleurat-Lessard
- Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté , Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne (ICMUB UMR 6302 CNRS), 9 Avenue Alain Savary, 21078 Dijon, France
| | - Ghenwa Bouhadir
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (LHFA), Université Paul Sabatier/CNRS UMR 5069 , 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, Cedex 09, France
| | - Didier Bourissou
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (LHFA), Université Paul Sabatier/CNRS UMR 5069 , 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, Cedex 09, France
| | - Jean-Cyrille Hierso
- Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté , Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne (ICMUB UMR 6302 CNRS), 9 Avenue Alain Savary, 21078 Dijon, France.,Institut Universitaire de France (IUF) , 103 Boulevard Saint Michel, 75005 Paris Cedex, France
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7
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Bugenhagen BEC, Brinn L, Prosenc MH. Syntheses, Structures, and Properties of Substituted Co(C5Me5)(2,7-di(OCH3)fluorenido Co(II) and Co(III) Complexes. Organometallics 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/om500928w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Lisa Brinn
- Fachbereich
Chemie, Universität Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marc H. Prosenc
- Fachbereich
Chemie, Universität Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany
- Institut
für Physikalische Chemie, TU Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schrödinger-Strasse
52, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
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8
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García-Monforte MA, Ara I, Martín A, Menjón B, Tomás M, Alonso PJ, Arauzo AB, Martínez JI, Rillo C. Homoleptic Organocobalt(III) Compounds with Intermediate Spin. Inorg Chem 2014; 53:12384-95. [DOI: 10.1021/ic501719y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Angeles García-Monforte
- Instituto de Síntesis Química
y Catálisis Homogénea (iSQCH) and ‡Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales
de Aragón (ICMA), CSIC−Universidad de Zaragoza, C/Pedro
Cerbuna 12, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Irene Ara
- Instituto de Síntesis Química
y Catálisis Homogénea (iSQCH) and ‡Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales
de Aragón (ICMA), CSIC−Universidad de Zaragoza, C/Pedro
Cerbuna 12, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Antonio Martín
- Instituto de Síntesis Química
y Catálisis Homogénea (iSQCH) and ‡Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales
de Aragón (ICMA), CSIC−Universidad de Zaragoza, C/Pedro
Cerbuna 12, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Babil Menjón
- Instituto de Síntesis Química
y Catálisis Homogénea (iSQCH) and ‡Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales
de Aragón (ICMA), CSIC−Universidad de Zaragoza, C/Pedro
Cerbuna 12, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Milagros Tomás
- Instituto de Síntesis Química
y Catálisis Homogénea (iSQCH) and ‡Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales
de Aragón (ICMA), CSIC−Universidad de Zaragoza, C/Pedro
Cerbuna 12, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Pablo J. Alonso
- Instituto de Síntesis Química
y Catálisis Homogénea (iSQCH) and ‡Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales
de Aragón (ICMA), CSIC−Universidad de Zaragoza, C/Pedro
Cerbuna 12, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Ana B. Arauzo
- Instituto de Síntesis Química
y Catálisis Homogénea (iSQCH) and ‡Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales
de Aragón (ICMA), CSIC−Universidad de Zaragoza, C/Pedro
Cerbuna 12, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Jesús I. Martínez
- Instituto de Síntesis Química
y Catálisis Homogénea (iSQCH) and ‡Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales
de Aragón (ICMA), CSIC−Universidad de Zaragoza, C/Pedro
Cerbuna 12, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Conrado Rillo
- Instituto de Síntesis Química
y Catálisis Homogénea (iSQCH) and ‡Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales
de Aragón (ICMA), CSIC−Universidad de Zaragoza, C/Pedro
Cerbuna 12, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain
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9
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Arnold T, Braunschweig H, Damme A, Hörl C, Kramer T, Krummenacher I, Mager J. Tin-Bridged ansa-Metallocenes of the Late Transition Metals Cobalt and Nickel: Preparation, Molecular and Electronic Structures, and Redox Chemistry. Organometallics 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/om401212n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Arnold
- Institut
für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Holger Braunschweig
- Institut
für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Damme
- Institut
für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Christian Hörl
- Institut
für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Kramer
- Institut
für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ivo Krummenacher
- Institut
für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Julian Mager
- Institut
für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
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10
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Braunschweig H, Hupp F, Kramer T, Mager J. Structure and Reactivity of Distanna[2]metallocenophanes of Ruthenium and Osmium. Inorg Chem 2013; 52:9060-5. [DOI: 10.1021/ic4012247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Holger Braunschweig
- Institut
für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97070 Würzburg,
Germany
| | - Florian Hupp
- Institut
für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97070 Würzburg,
Germany
| | - Thomas Kramer
- Institut
für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97070 Würzburg,
Germany
| | - Julian Mager
- Institut
für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97070 Würzburg,
Germany
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11
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Trtica S, Meyer E, Prosenc MH, Heck J, Böhnert T, Görlitz D. Naphthalene‐Bridged
ansa
‐Nickelocene: Synthesis, Structure, Electrochemical, and Magnetic Measurements. Eur J Inorg Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201200698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Trtica
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Hamburg, Martin‐Luther‐King‐Platz 6, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Enno Meyer
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Hamburg, Martin‐Luther‐King‐Platz 6, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marc Heinrich Prosenc
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Hamburg, Martin‐Luther‐King‐Platz 6, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Heck
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Hamburg, Martin‐Luther‐King‐Platz 6, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tim Böhnert
- Institute of Applied Physics and Microstructure Research Centre, University of Hamburg, Jungiusstrasse 11, 20355 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Detlef Görlitz
- Institute of Applied Physics and Microstructure Research Centre, University of Hamburg, Jungiusstrasse 11, 20355 Hamburg, Germany
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