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Martín-Fernández C, Ferrer M, Alkorta I, Montero-Campillo MM, Elguero J, Mandado M. Metastable Charged Dimers in Organometallic Species: A Look into Hydrogen Bonding between Metallocene Derivatives. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:16523-16537. [PMID: 37755334 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c02355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Multiply charged complexes bound by noncovalent interactions have been previously described in the literature, although they were mostly focused on organic and main group inorganic systems. In this work, we show that similar complexes can also be found for organometallic systems containing transition metals and deepen in the reasons behind the existence of these species. We have studied the structures, binding energies, and dissociation profiles in the gas phase of a series of charged hydrogen-bonded dimers of metallocene (Ru, Co, Rh, and Mn) derivatives isoelectronic with the ferrocene dimer. Our results indicate that the carboxylic acid-containing dimers are more strongly bonded and present larger barriers to dissociation than the amide ones and that the cationic complexes tend to be more stable than the anionic ones. Additionally, we describe for the first time the symmetric proton transfer that can occur while in the metastable phase. Finally, we use a density-based energy decomposition analysis to shine light on the nature of the interaction between the dimers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maxime Ferrer
- Instituto de Química Médica (CSIC), Juan de la Cierva, 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
- PhD Programme in Theoretical Chemistry and Computational Modelling, Doctoral School, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ibon Alkorta
- Instituto de Química Médica (CSIC), Juan de la Cierva, 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - M Merced Montero-Campillo
- Departamento de Química (Módulo 13, Facultad de Ciencias), Campus de Excelencia UAM-CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - José Elguero
- Instituto de Química Médica (CSIC), Juan de la Cierva, 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marcos Mandado
- Departamento de Química Física, Universidade de Vigo, Lagoas-Marcosende s/n, 36310 Vigo, Spain
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2
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Carlton ES, Sutton JJ, Gale AG, Shields GC, Gordon KC, Wagenknecht PS. Insights into the charge-transfer character of electronic transitions in RCp 2Ti(C 2Fc) 2 complexes using solvatochromism, resonance Raman spectroscopy, and TDDFT. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:2233-2242. [PMID: 33502417 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt04282j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of complexes with low-energy FeII to TiIV metal-to-metal charge-transfer (MMCT) transitions, Cp2Ti(C2Fc)2, Cp*2Ti(C2Fc)2, and MeOOCCp2Ti(C2Fc)2, was investigated using solvatochromism and resonance Raman spectroscopy (RRS) augmented with time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) calculations in order to interrogate the nature of the CT transitions. Computational models were benchmarked against the experimental UV-Vis spectra and B3LYP/6-31G(d) was found to most faithfully represent the spectra. The energy of the MMCT transition was measured in 15 different solvents and a multivariate fit to the Catalán solvent parameters - solvent polarizability (SP), solvent dipolarity (SdP), solvent basicity (SB), and solvent acidity (SA) - was performed. The effect of SP indicates a greater degree of electron delocalization in the excited state (ES) than the ground state (GS). The small negative solvatochromism with respect to SdP indicates a smaller dipole moment in the ES than the GS. The effect of SB is consistent with charge-transfer to Ti. Upon excitation into the MMCT absorption band, the RRS data show enhancement of the alkyne stretching modes and of the out-of-plane bending modes of the cyclopentadienyl ring connected to Fe and the alkyne bridge. This is consistent with changes in the oxidation states of Ti and Fe, respectively. The higher-energy transitions (350-450 nm) show enhancement of vibrational modes consistent with ethnylcyclopentadienyl to Ti ligand-to-metal charge transfer (LMCT). The RRS data is consistent with the TDDFT predicted character of these transitions. TDDFT suggests that the lowest-energy transition in Cp2Ti(C2Fc)2CuI, where CuI is coordinated between the alkynes, retains its FeII to TiIV MMCT character, in agreement with the RRS data, but that the lowest-energy transitions have significant CuI to Ti character. For Cp2Ti(C2Fc)2CuI, excitation into the low-energy MMCT absorption band results in selective enhancement of the symmetric alkynyl stretching mode.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joshua J Sutton
- Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Ariel G Gale
- Department of Chemistry, Furman University, Greenville, SC 29613, USA.
| | - George C Shields
- Department of Chemistry, Furman University, Greenville, SC 29613, USA.
| | - Keith C Gordon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand
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3
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Nadurata VL, Boskovic C. Switching metal complexes via intramolecular electron transfer: connections with solvatochromism. Inorg Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qi01490g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Solvent-induced color-changing phenomena exhibited by some metal complexes can illuminate key aspects of their switchable behavior.
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4
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Veit P, Seibert S, Förster C, Heinze K. Unexpected C–C Bond Formation with a Ferrocenyl Fischer Carbene Complex. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.201900350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Veit
- Department of Chemistry Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz Duesbergweg 10–14 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Sebastian Seibert
- Department of Chemistry Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz Duesbergweg 10–14 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Christoph Förster
- Department of Chemistry Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz Duesbergweg 10–14 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Katja Heinze
- Department of Chemistry Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz Duesbergweg 10–14 55128 Mainz Germany
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5
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Tahara K, Terashita N, Tokunaga K, Yabumoto S, Kikuchi JI, Ozawa Y, Abe M. Zwitterionic Mixed Valence: Internalizing Counteranions into a Biferrocenium Framework toward Molecular Expression of Half-Cells in Quantum Cellular Automata. Chemistry 2019; 25:13728-13738. [PMID: 31376186 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201902840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Realization of molecular quantum cellular automata (QCA), a promising architecture for molecular computing through current-free processes, requires improved understanding and application of mixed-valence (MV) molecules. In this report, we present an electrostatic approach to creating MV subspecies through internalizing opposite charges in close proximity to MV ionic moieties. This approach is demonstrated by unsymmetrically attaching a charge-responsive boron substituent to a well-known organometallic MV complex, biferrocenium. Guest anions (CN- and F- ) bind to the Lewis acidic boron center, leading to unusual blue-shifts of the intervalence charge-transfer (IVCT) bands. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported example of a zwitterionic MV series in which the degree of positive charge delocalization can be varied by changing the bound anions, and serves to clarify the interplay between IVCT parameters. The key underlying factor is the variable zero-level energy difference in the MV states. This work provides new insight into imbuing MV molecules with external charge-responsiveness, a prerequisite of molecular QCA techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keishiro Tahara
- Department of Material Science, Graduate School of Material Science, University of Hyogo, 3-2-1, Kouto, Kamigori, Ako, Hyogo, 678-1297, Japan
| | - Nazuna Terashita
- Graduate School of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5, Takayama, Ikoma, Nara, 630-0192, Japan
| | - Ken Tokunaga
- Division of Liberal Arts, Centre for Promotion of Higher Education, Kogakuin University, 2665-1, Nakano, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0015, Japan
| | - Shiomi Yabumoto
- Graduate School of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5, Takayama, Ikoma, Nara, 630-0192, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichi Kikuchi
- Graduate School of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5, Takayama, Ikoma, Nara, 630-0192, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Ozawa
- Department of Material Science, Graduate School of Material Science, University of Hyogo, 3-2-1, Kouto, Kamigori, Ako, Hyogo, 678-1297, Japan
| | - Masaaki Abe
- Department of Material Science, Graduate School of Material Science, University of Hyogo, 3-2-1, Kouto, Kamigori, Ako, Hyogo, 678-1297, Japan
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6
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Lauck M, Förster C, Heinze K. N-Cobaltocenium Amide as Reactive Nucleophilic Reagent for Donor–Acceptor Bimetallocenes. Organometallics 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.7b00790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Lauck
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and
Analytical Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Christoph Förster
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and
Analytical Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Katja Heinze
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and
Analytical Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
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7
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Lauck M, Förster C, Gehrig D, Heinze K. Cobaltocenium substituents as electron acceptors in photosynthetic model dyads. J Organomet Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2017.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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8
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Sethi S, Das PK, Behera N. The chemistry of aminoferrocene, Fe{(η5-C5H4NH2)(η5-Cp)}: Synthesis, reactivity and applications. J Organomet Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2016.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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9
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10
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Turlington MD, Pienkos JA, Carlton ES, Wroblewski KN, Myers AR, Trindle CO, Altun Z, Rack JJ, Wagenknecht PS. Complexes with Tunable Intramolecular Ferrocene to Ti(IV) Electronic Transitions: Models for Solid State Fe(II) to Ti(IV) Charge Transfer. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:2200-11. [PMID: 26881903 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b02587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Iron(II)-to-titanium(IV) metal-to-metal-charge transfer (MMCT) is important in the photosensitization of TiO2 by ferrocyanide, charge transfer in solid-state metal-oxide photocatalysts, and has been invoked to explain the blue color of sapphire, blue kyanite, and some lunar material. Herein, a series of complexes with alkynyl linkages between ferrocene (Fc) and Ti(IV) has been prepared and characterized by UV-vis spectroscopy and electrochemistry. Complexes with two ferrocene substituents include Cp2Ti(C2Fc)2, Cp*2Ti(C2Fc)2, and Cp2Ti(C4Fc)2. Complexes with a single ferrocene utilize a titanocene with a trimethylsilyl derivatized Cp ring, (TMS)Cp, and comprise the complexes (TMS)Cp2Ti(C2Fc)(C2R), where R = C6H5, p-C6H4CF3, and CF3. The complexes are compared to Cp2Ti(C2Ph)2, which lacks the second metal. Cyclic voltammetry for all complexes reveals a reversible Ti(IV/III) reduction wave and an Fe(II/III) oxidation that is irreversible for all complexes except (TMS)Cp2Ti(C2Fc)(C2CF3). All of the complexes with both Fc and Ti show an intense absorption (4000 M(-1)cm(-1) < ε < 8000 M(-1)cm(-1)) between 540 and 630 nm that is absent in complexes lacking a ferrocene donor. The energy of the absorption tracks with the difference between the Ti(IV/III) and Fe(III/II) reduction potentials, shifting to lower energy as the difference in potentials decreases. Reorganization energies, λ, have been determined using band shape analysis (2600 cm(-1) < λ < 5300 cm(-1)) and are in the range observed for other donor-acceptor complexes that have a ferrocene donor. Marcus-Hush-type analysis of the electrochemical and spectroscopic data are consistent with the assignment of the low-energy absorption as a MMCT band. TD-DFT analysis also supports this assignment. Solvatochromism is apparent for the MMCT band of all complexes, there being a bathochromic shift upon increasing polarizability of the solvent. The magnitude of the shift is dependent on both the electron density at Ti(IV) and the identity of the linker between the titanocene and the Fc. Complexes with a MMCT are photochemically stable, whereas Cp2Ti(C2Ph)2 rapidly decomposes upon photolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael D Turlington
- Department of Chemistry, Furman University , Greenville, South Carolina 29613, United States
| | - Jared A Pienkos
- Department of Chemistry, Furman University , Greenville, South Carolina 29613, United States
| | - Elizabeth S Carlton
- Department of Chemistry, Furman University , Greenville, South Carolina 29613, United States
| | - Karlee N Wroblewski
- Department of Chemistry, Furman University , Greenville, South Carolina 29613, United States
| | - Alexis R Myers
- Department of Chemistry, Furman University , Greenville, South Carolina 29613, United States
| | - Carl O Trindle
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia , Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Zikri Altun
- Department of Physics, Marmara University Göztepe Kampus , 34772 Istanbul Turkey
| | - Jeffrey J Rack
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University of New Mexico , Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
| | - Paul S Wagenknecht
- Department of Chemistry, Furman University , Greenville, South Carolina 29613, United States
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11
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Neidlinger A, Förster C, Heinze K. How Hydrogen Bonds Affect Reactivity and Intervalence Charge Transfer in Ferrocenium-Phenolate Radicals. Eur J Inorg Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201501471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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12
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Neidlinger A, Kienz T, Heinze K. Spin Trapping of Carbon-Centered Ferrocenyl Radicals with Nitrosobenzene. Organometallics 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.5b00778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Neidlinger
- Institute of Inorganic and
Analytical Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Torben Kienz
- Institute of Inorganic and
Analytical Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Katja Heinze
- Institute of Inorganic and
Analytical Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
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13
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Tahara K, Akehi S, Akita T, Katao S, Kikuchi JI, Tokunaga K. Tuning of intramolecular charge transfer properties and charge distributions in ferrocene-appended catechol derivatives by chemical substitution. Dalton Trans 2015. [PMID: 26212616 DOI: 10.1039/c5dt01998b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we report intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) properties and charge distributions in a series of FcC derivatives (FcC = 4-ferrocenylcatecholate where Fc = ferrocene and C = catecholate). This series consists of a previously reported complex FcV (4-ferrocenylveratrole) and newly synthesized complexes FcA (4-ferrocenylcatechol bis(acetate) and Pt((t)Bu2bpy)(FcC) ((t)Bu2bpy = 4,4'-di-tert-butyl-2,2'-dipyridyl). An electrochemical analysis of Pt((t)Bu2bpy)(FcC) using cyclic voltammetry revealed two well-defined, reversible waves which were assigned to the sequential oxidation of the Pt((t)Bu2bpy)(C) and Fc moieties. The potential splitting between the waves (524 mV) indicated that there was an electronic interaction between both moieties. ICT property and charge distribution of [Pt((t)Bu2bpy)(FcC)]˙(+) were rationalized by comparison with the [FcV]˙(+) and [FcA]˙(+) (4-ferrocenylcatechol bis(acetate)). DFT calculations and UV-vis-NIR spectroscopy revealed that [Pt((t)Bu2bpy)(FcC)]˙(+), [FcV]˙(+), and [FcA]˙(+) were ferrocenium (Fc(+))-centered rather than semiquinone ligand-centered and that these complexes exhibited ICT transition bands from the catechol-derivatized framework to the Fc(+) moiety in the near infrared (NIR) region. Both the electronic coupling parameter (HAB) and delocalization parameter (α) increased in value as the electron-donating strength of the substituent groups in the catechol-derivatized framework increased (OCOCH3 ([FcA]˙(+)) < OCH3 ([FcV]˙(+)) < O(-) ([Pt((t)Bu2bpy)(FcC)]˙(+))). The electronic interactions between the organometallic center and the non-innocent framework were tuned by changing the substituents. The potential energy surfaces of the Fc(+) derivatives, obtained using two-state Marcus-Hush theory, can be modulated by changing the energy level of the molecular orbitals of the appended catechol-derivatized moieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keishiro Tahara
- Graduate School of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5, Takayama, Ikoma 6300192, Japan
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14
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Melomedov J, Ochsmann JR, Meister M, Laquai F, Heinze K. Aminoferrocene and Ferrocene Amino Acid as Electron Donors in Modular Porphyrin-Ferrocene and Porphyrin-Ferrocene-Porphyrin Conjugates. Eur J Inorg Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201402138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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15
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Vanicek S, Kopacka H, Wurst K, Müller T, Schottenberger H, Bildstein B. Chemoselective, Practical Synthesis of Cobaltocenium Carboxylic Acid Hexafluorophosphate. Organometallics 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/om401120h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Vanicek
- Institute of General,
Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry, Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Holger Kopacka
- Institute of General,
Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry, Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Klaus Wurst
- Institute of General,
Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry, Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Thomas Müller
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Herwig Schottenberger
- Institute of General,
Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry, Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Benno Bildstein
- Institute of General,
Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry, Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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16
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Triferrocenylsilane and unexpected formation of diferrocenyl(3,3-dimethylbutyl)silane via cleavage and trapping of a tetrahydrofuran fragment. Redox chemistry and synthesis of (Fc)3Si–Co(CO)4 through oxidative addition of the Si–H bond. J Organomet Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2013.07.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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17
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Goetsch WR, Solntsev PV, Van Stappen C, Purchel AA, Dudkin SV, Nemykin VN. Electron-Transfer Processes in 3,4-Diferrocenylpyrroles: Insight into a Missing Piece of the Polyferrocenyl-Containing Pyrroles Family. Organometallics 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/om400901w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wil R. Goetsch
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of Minnesota Duluth, 1039 University Drive, Duluth, Minnesota 55812, United States
| | - Pavlo V. Solntsev
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of Minnesota Duluth, 1039 University Drive, Duluth, Minnesota 55812, United States
| | - Casey Van Stappen
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of Minnesota Duluth, 1039 University Drive, Duluth, Minnesota 55812, United States
| | - Anatolii A. Purchel
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of Minnesota Duluth, 1039 University Drive, Duluth, Minnesota 55812, United States
| | - Semen V. Dudkin
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of Minnesota Duluth, 1039 University Drive, Duluth, Minnesota 55812, United States
| | - Victor N. Nemykin
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of Minnesota Duluth, 1039 University Drive, Duluth, Minnesota 55812, United States
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18
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Salman S, Brédas JL, Marder SR, Coropceanu V, Barlow S. Dipolar Ferrocene and Ruthenocene Second-Order Nonlinear Optical Chromophores: A Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory Investigation of Their Absorption Spectra. Organometallics 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/om400617d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Seyhan Salman
- School of Chemistry
and Biochemistry and Center
for Organic Photonics and Electronics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400, United States
- Genetics and Bioengineering, Istanbul Bilgi University, Eyup 34060, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Jean-Luc Brédas
- School of Chemistry
and Biochemistry and Center
for Organic Photonics and Electronics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400, United States
| | - Seth R. Marder
- School of Chemistry
and Biochemistry and Center
for Organic Photonics and Electronics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400, United States
| | - Veaceslav Coropceanu
- School of Chemistry
and Biochemistry and Center
for Organic Photonics and Electronics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400, United States
| | - Stephen Barlow
- School of Chemistry
and Biochemistry and Center
for Organic Photonics and Electronics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400, United States
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19
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Neidlinger A, Ksenofontov V, Heinze K. Proton-Coupled Electron Transfer in Ferrocenium–Phenolate Radicals. Organometallics 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/om400498h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Neidlinger
- Institute of Inorganic
and Analytical Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University of Mainz, Duesbergweg
10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Vadim Ksenofontov
- Institute of Inorganic
and Analytical Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University of Mainz, Staudinger
Weg 9, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Katja Heinze
- Institute of Inorganic
and Analytical Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University of Mainz, Duesbergweg
10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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20
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Ferrocene conjugated imidazolephenols as multichannel ditopic chemosensor for biologically active cations and anions. J Organomet Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2012.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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21
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Kusamoto T, Takada K, Sakamoto R, Kume S, Nishihara H. Ferrocene-dithiolene hybrids: control of strong donor-acceptor electronic communication to reverse the charge transfer direction. Inorg Chem 2012; 51:12102-13. [PMID: 22646291 DOI: 10.1021/ic300581a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We prepared a novel class of ferrocene-dithiolene hybrid molecules, FcS4dt(Me)2 and FcS4dt[Pt((t)Bu2bpy)] (where FcS4dt indicates 2-(1,3-dithia[3]ferrocenophane-2-ylidene)-1,3-dithiole-4,5-dithiolate and (t)Bu2bpy indicates 4,4'-di-tert-butyl-2,2'-bipyridine), in which the ferrocene moiety was bound to the planar conjugated dithiolene skeleton via two sulfur atoms such that the cyclopentadienyl rings were perpendicular to the dithiolene backbone. The physical properties and electronic structures of the complexes and their oxidized species [FcS4dt(Me)2](•+) and [FcS4dt[Pt((t)Bu2bpy)]](•+) were investigated by means of single-crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, cyclic voltammetry, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), and UV-vis near infrared (UV-vis-NIR) spectroscopy. The electron density distributions of the highest occupied molecular orbitals (HOMOs) of FcS4dt(Me)2 and FcS4dt[Pt((t)Bu2bpy)] differed remarkably in that the HOMO of the former was ferrocene-based whereas that of the latter was dithiolene-based. The differences in the HOMO distributions originated from the energy level of the dithiolene-based π-orbital in each of the complexes, which was controlled by changing R in FcS4dt(R)2 (R = Me for FcS4dt(Me)2; 2R = Pt((t)Bu2bpy) for FcS4dt[Pt((t)Bu2bpy)]). We succeeded in analyzing the crystal structure of [FcS4dt[Pt((t)Bu2bpy)]](F4TCNQ)·C6H14·CH2Cl2 (where F4TCNQ indicates 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane), which provided a rare example of the crystal structure of a [Pt(diimine)(dithiolate)](•+) ion-based complex. A comparison of the bond lengths in FcS4dt[Pt((t)Bu2bpy)] and [FcS4dt[Pt((t)Bu2bpy)]](•+) suggested that the latter complex displayed a conjugated dithiolene-based π-radical character. These considerations agreed well with the electronic structures calculated using density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent(TD)-DFT methods. Significant electronic communication between the ferrocene and dithiolene moieties was detected for both [FcS4dt(Me)2](•+) and [FcS4dt[Pt((t)Bu2bpy)]](•+) in the appearance of an intramolecular charge transfer band, which was hardly observed for previously reported ferrocene-dithiolene hybrid molecules. The charge transfer direction was reversed between the two cations. The electron coupling parameter HAB and the potential energy curves of the oxidized complexes were estimated based on the classical two-state Marcus-Hush theory. These results suggest that FcS4dt-based metalladithiolenes can exhibit controllable electronic structures expressed as double-minimum potential energy curves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuro Kusamoto
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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