1
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Mandal I, Mandal A, Rahman MA, Kilbinger AFM. Chain transfer agents for the catalytic ring opening metathesis polymerization of norbornenes. Chem Sci 2022; 13:12469-12478. [PMID: 36382288 PMCID: PMC9629056 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc04078f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Here, we present a detailed study of the metathesis activity of conjugated 1,3 diene derivatives in ring opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) using Grubbs' 3rd generation catalyst (G3). A comprehensive screening of those derivatives revealed that monosubstituted 1,3 dienes show similar reactivities towards G3-alkylidenes as norbornene derivatives. Therefore, they represent perfect candidates for chain transfer agents in a kinetically controlled catalytic ROMP. This unprecedented reactivity allowed us to catalytically synthesize mono-end-functional poly(norborneneimide)s on the gram scale. Much more complex architectures such as star-shaped polymers could also be synthesized catalytically for the very first time via ROMP. This inexpensive and greener route to produce telechelic ROMP polymers was further utilized to synthesize ROMP block copolymers using bifunctional ROMP and ATRP/NCL initiators. Finally, the regioselective reaction of G3 with 1,3 diene derivatives was also exploited in the synthesis of a ROMP-PEG diblock copolymer initiated from a PEG macroinitiator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indradip Mandal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Fribourg Chemin du Musée 9 1700 Fribourg Switzerland
| | - Ankita Mandal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Fribourg Chemin du Musée 9 1700 Fribourg Switzerland
| | - Md Atiur Rahman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Fribourg Chemin du Musée 9 1700 Fribourg Switzerland
| | - Andreas F M Kilbinger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Fribourg Chemin du Musée 9 1700 Fribourg Switzerland
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2
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Ali R, Ahmed W, Jayant V, alvi S, Ahmed N, Ahmed A. Metathesis reactions in total‐ and natural product fragments syntheses. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202100753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rashid Ali
- Jamia Millia Islamia New Delhi India 110025 Department of Chemistry Jamia Nagar,New Delhi india110025 110025 New Delhi INDIA
| | - Waqar Ahmed
- Jamia Millia Islamia Central University: Jamia Millia Islamia Chemistry INDIA
| | - Vikrant Jayant
- Jamia Millia Islamia Central University: Jamia Millia Islamia Chemistry INDIA
| | - shakeel alvi
- Jamia Millia Islamia Central University: Jamia Millia Islamia Chemistry INDIA
| | - Nadeem Ahmed
- Jamia Millia Islamia Central University: Jamia Millia Islamia Chemistry INDIA
| | - Azeem Ahmed
- Jamia Millia Islamia Central University: Jamia Millia Islamia Chemistry INDIA
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3
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4′,4′′′,4′′′′′-Nitrilotris(4-methoxy-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-carbaldehyde). MOLBANK 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/m1263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Multipodal salicylaldehydes have attracted much scientific interest as scaffolds for the construction of multinuclear complexes, as well as metal and covalent organic frameworks. Herein, we report a preparation of 4′,4′′′,4′′′′′-nitrilotris(4-methoxy-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-carbaldehyde), a direct precursor for the tripodal salicylaldehyde with triphenylamine core. The structure of the product was confirmed by molecular spectroscopy. The reported approach may be broadened over a variety of multipodal salicylaldehydes.
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4
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Gupta S, Su S, Zhang Y, Liu P, Wink DJ, Lee D. Ruthenabenzene: A Robust Precatalyst. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:7490-7500. [PMID: 33961744 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c02237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Metallaaromatics constitute a unique class of aromatic compounds where one or more transition metal elements are incorporated into the aromatic system, the parent of which is metallabenzene. One of the main concerns about metallabenzenes generally deals with the structural characterization related to their relative aromaticity compared to the carbon archetype. Transition metal-containing metallabenzenes are also implicated in certain catalytic processes such as alkyne metathesis polymerization; however, these transition metal-based metallaaromatic compounds have not been developed as a catalyst. Herein, we describe an effective strategy to generate diverse arrays of ruthenabenzenes and demonstrated them as an aromatic equivalent of the Grubbs-type ruthenium alkylidene catalysts. These ruthenabenzenes can be prepared via an enyne metathesis and metallotropic [1,3]-shift cascade process to form alkyne-chelated ruthenium alkylidene intermediates followed by spontaneous cycloaromatization. The aromatic nature of these complexes was confirmed by spectroscopic and X-ray crystallographic data, and the mechanistic pathways for the cycloaromatization process were studied by DFT calculations. These ruthenabenzenes display robust catalytic activity for metathesis and other transformations, which illustrates that metallabenzenes are not only compounds of structural and theoretical interests but also are a novel platform for new catalyst development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saswata Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 W. Taylor St., Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Siyuan Su
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 W. Taylor St., Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, 219 Parkman Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, 219 Parkman Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Donald J Wink
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 W. Taylor St., Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Daesung Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 W. Taylor St., Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
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5
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Hou X, Chen X, Gao X, Xu L, Zou H, Zhou L, Wu Z. Synthesis of Cyclic Polyolefin:
Ring‐Opening
Metathesis Polymerization by Binuclear Vanadium Complexes
†. CHINESE J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202000636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Hou
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering, Hefei University of Technology 193 Tunxi Road Hefei Anhui 230009 China
| | - Xiaojian Chen
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering, Hefei University of Technology 193 Tunxi Road Hefei Anhui 230009 China
| | - Xiang Gao
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering, Hefei University of Technology 193 Tunxi Road Hefei Anhui 230009 China
| | - Lei Xu
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering, Hefei University of Technology 193 Tunxi Road Hefei Anhui 230009 China
| | - Hui Zou
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering, Hefei University of Technology 193 Tunxi Road Hefei Anhui 230009 China
| | - Li Zhou
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering, Hefei University of Technology 193 Tunxi Road Hefei Anhui 230009 China
| | - Zong‐Quan Wu
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering, Hefei University of Technology 193 Tunxi Road Hefei Anhui 230009 China
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6
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Durka K, Górski B, Błocki K, Urban M, Woźniak K, Barbasiewicz M, Luliński S. Experimental and Theoretical Insights into Molecular and Solid-State Properties of Isomeric Bis(salicylaldehydes). J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:8674-8689. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b07360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Durka
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Bartosz Górski
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Błocki
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mateusz Urban
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Woźniak
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michał Barbasiewicz
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Sergiusz Luliński
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
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7
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Vardhan H, Verma G, Ramani S, Nafady A, Al-Enizi AM, Pan Y, Yang Z, Yang H, Ma S. Covalent Organic Framework Decorated with Vanadium as a New Platform for Prins Reaction and Sulfide Oxidation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:3070-3079. [PMID: 30585715 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b19352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Chemical functionalization or docking of transition-metal ions in covalent organic frameworks (COFs) is of importance for calibrating properties and widening potential applications. In this work, we demonstrate the successful decoration of COF with vanadium as exemplified in the context of post-synthetically modifying two-dimensional COF that features eclipsed stacking structure, large pores, hydroxyl functionalities, high thermal and chemical stability using vanadyl acetylacetonate. The potent catalytic behavior of vanadium-decorated COF was systematically investigated in the reactions of Prins condensation and sulfide oxidation, which revealed its excellent catalytic performances in terms of efficacious activity, preservation of framework crystallinity and reusability. Our work not only contributes the first ever report of vanadium-decorated COF-catalyzed Prins reaction and sulfide oxidation but paves a new way for docking COF with metals for a broad range of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harsh Vardhan
- Department of Chemistry , University of South Florida , 4202 E. Fowler Avenue , Tampa , Florida 33620 , United States
| | - Gaurav Verma
- Department of Chemistry , University of South Florida , 4202 E. Fowler Avenue , Tampa , Florida 33620 , United States
| | - Swetha Ramani
- Department of Chemistry , University of South Florida , 4202 E. Fowler Avenue , Tampa , Florida 33620 , United States
| | - Ayman Nafady
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science , King Saud University , Riyadh 11451 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah M Al-Enizi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science , King Saud University , Riyadh 11451 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Yanxiong Pan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , North Dakota State University , 1231 Albrecht Blvd. , Fargo , North Dakota 58108 , United States
| | - Zhongyu Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , North Dakota State University , 1231 Albrecht Blvd. , Fargo , North Dakota 58108 , United States
| | - Hui Yang
- Department of Chemistry , University of South Florida , 4202 E. Fowler Avenue , Tampa , Florida 33620 , United States
| | - Shengqian Ma
- Department of Chemistry , University of South Florida , 4202 E. Fowler Avenue , Tampa , Florida 33620 , United States
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8
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Komanduri V, Kumar DR, Tate DJ, Marcial-Hernandez R, Lidster BJ, Turner ML. Bidirectional ROMP of paracylophane-1,9-dienes to tri- and penta-block p-phenylenevinylene copolymers. Polym Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9py00147f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Dialkoxy and dialkyl substituted paracyclophane-1,9-dienes undergo bidirectional ring opening metathesis polymerisation (ROMP) on addition of bifunctional Hoveyda–Grubbs initiators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venukrishnan Komanduri
- Organic Materials Innovation Centre (OMIC)
- The School of Chemistry
- The University of Manchester
- Manchester
- UK
| | - Dharam R. Kumar
- Organic Materials Innovation Centre (OMIC)
- The School of Chemistry
- The University of Manchester
- Manchester
- UK
| | - Daniel J. Tate
- Organic Materials Innovation Centre (OMIC)
- The School of Chemistry
- The University of Manchester
- Manchester
- UK
| | - Raymundo Marcial-Hernandez
- Organic Materials Innovation Centre (OMIC)
- The School of Chemistry
- The University of Manchester
- Manchester
- UK
| | - Benjamin J. Lidster
- Organic Materials Innovation Centre (OMIC)
- The School of Chemistry
- The University of Manchester
- Manchester
- UK
| | - Michael L. Turner
- Organic Materials Innovation Centre (OMIC)
- The School of Chemistry
- The University of Manchester
- Manchester
- UK
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9
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Jordi S, Kraft P. Crossing the Boundaries between Marine and Muguet: Discovery of Unusual Lily-of-the-Valley Odorants Devoid of Aldehyde Functions. Helv Chim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.201800048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Jordi
- Givaudan Fragrances S&T, Ingredients Research; Überlandstrasse 138 CH-8600 Dübendorf Switzerland
| | - Philip Kraft
- Givaudan Fragrances S&T, Ingredients Research; Überlandstrasse 138 CH-8600 Dübendorf Switzerland
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10
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Mala D, Jagirdar BR, Patil YP, Nethaji M. Homobimetallic hydride and dihydrogen complexes of ruthenium bearing N-heterocyclic carbene ligands. J Organomet Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2016.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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11
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Remarkable Ability of the Benzylidene Ligand To Control Initiation of Hoveyda–Grubbs Metathesis Catalysts. Eur J Inorg Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201600435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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12
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Grudzień K, Barbasiewicz M. Studies on synthesis of quinonylidene Hoveyda-type complexes. Appl Organomet Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.3294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Grudzień
- Faculty of Chemistry; University of Warsaw; Pasteura 1 02-093 Warsaw Poland
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13
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Herndon JW. The chemistry of the carbon-transition metal double and triple bond: Annual survey covering the year 2012. Coord Chem Rev 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2014.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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14
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Mampa RM, Fernandes MA, Carlton L. Iron-57 NMR and Structural Study of [Fe(η5-Cp)(SnPh3)(CO)(PR3)] (PR3 = Phosphine, Phosphite). Separation of Steric and Electronic σ and π Effects. Organometallics 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/om4011593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Richard M. Mampa
- Molecular
Science Institute, School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, Republic of South Africa
| | - Manuel A. Fernandes
- Molecular
Science Institute, School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, Republic of South Africa
| | - Laurence Carlton
- Molecular
Science Institute, School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, Republic of South Africa
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15
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Vuong KQ, Wong CM, Bhadbhade M, Messerle BA. Bi- and tri-metallic Rh and Ir complexes containing click derived bis- and tris-(pyrazolyl-1,2,3-triazolyl) N-N' donor ligands and their application as catalysts for the dihydroalkoxylation of alkynes. Dalton Trans 2014; 43:7540-53. [PMID: 24699761 DOI: 10.1039/c3dt53295j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of bi-topic and tri-topic pyrazolyl-1,2,3-triazolyl donor ligands (; = 1,X-bis((4-((1H-pyrazol-1-yl)methyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)methyl)benzene (X = 2, 3 and 4; o-C6H4(PyT)2, m-C6H4(PyT)2 and p-C6H4(PyT)2) and = 1,3,5-tris((4-((1H-pyrazol-1-yl)methyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)methyl)benzene, 1,3,5-C6H3(PyT)3) were conveniently synthesised in 'one pot' reactions using the Cu(i) catalysed 'click' reaction. Rh(i), Ir(i), Rh(iii) and Ir(iii) complexes with ligands of the general formulae C6H6-n[(PyT)M(CO)2]n[BAr]n (M = Rh, Ir; n = 2, 3; ; ) and C6H6-n[(PyT)MCp*Cl]n[BAr]n (M = Rh, Ir; n = 2, 3; ; ) were synthesised and fully characterised. In solution each of the bi- or tri-metallic complexes and exists as a mixture of two (, ) or three ( and ) diastereomers due to the presence of a chiral centre at each metal centre in these complexes. The solid state structures of complexes and were determined by single crystal X-ray crystallography and showed that each bidentate arm of these multitopic ligands coordinates to the Rh or Ir centre in a bidentate fashion via the pyrazolyl-N2 and 1,2,3-triazolyl N3' donors. The intermetallic distances in these solid state structures vary from 8.66 Å to 15.17 Å. These complexes were assessed as catalysts for the dihydroalkoxylation of alkynes using the cyclisation of 2-(5-hydroxypent-1-ynyl)benzyl alcohol, , to a mixture of two spiroketals, 2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-spirol[furan-2,3'-isochroman], , and 3',4',5',6'-tetrahydro-spiro[isobenzofuran-1(3H),2'(2H)pyran], , as the model reaction. The Rh(i) complexes (), with the highest TOF of 2052 h(-1) for complex , were the most active catalysts when compared with the other complexes under investigation here. The Ir(i) complexes () were moderately active as catalysts for the same transformation. No significant enhancement in catalytic reactivity was observed with the Rh(i) series bi- and trimetallic complexes () when compared with their monometallic analogues. The bi- and trimetallic Ir(i) complexes () were much more efficient as catalysts for this transformation than their monometallic analogues, suggesting some intermetallic cooperativity. Rh(iii), , and Ir(iii), , complexes were not active as catalysts for this transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khuong Q Vuong
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia
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Grudzień K, Żukowska K, Malińska M, Woźniak K, Barbasiewicz M. Mechanistic Studies of Hoveyda-Grubbs Metathesis Catalysts Bearing S-, Br-, I-, and N-coordinating Naphthalene Ligands. Chemistry 2014; 20:2819-28. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201303826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2013] [Revised: 11/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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18
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Wang D, Unold J, Bubrin M, Elser I, Frey W, Kaim W, Xu G, Buchmeiser MR. Ruthenium-Triazene Complexes as Latent Catalysts for UV-Induced ROMP. Eur J Inorg Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201301048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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19
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Hiremath US. Liquid crystalline bis(N-salicylideneaniline)s: synthesis and thermal behavior of constitutional isomers. Tetrahedron Lett 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2013.04.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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20
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Barbasiewicz M, Błocki K, Malińska M, Pawłowski R. Intriguing substituent effect in modified Hoveyda–Grubbs metathesis catalysts incorporating a chelating iodo-benzylidene ligand. Dalton Trans 2013; 42:355-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c2dt32422a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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21
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Barbasiewicz M, Michalak M, Grela K. A New Family of Halogen-Chelated Hoveyda-Grubbs-Type Metathesis Catalysts. Chemistry 2012; 18:14237-41. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201202817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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