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Saßmannshausen J. Detailed Density Functional Theory Study of the Cationic Zirconocene Compound [Cp(C 5H 4CMe 2C 6H 4F)ZrMe] . ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:35136-35152. [PMID: 36211080 PMCID: PMC9535714 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c04053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Detailed density functional theory studies at the B3LYP and PBE-D3 levels of theory were performed on the cationic compound [Cp(C5H4CMe2C6H4F)ZrMe]+, with the F atom occupying either the ortho, meta, or para positions of the arene ring. In all cases, the arene ring coordinates with the cationic zirconium metal. The nature of this coordination is such that for the meta- or para-substituted arene ring, it is predominantly the ortho carbon atom of the C-H bond which interacts with the metal, as evident from noncovalent interaction studies. This is further corroborated by the natural bond orbital and quantum theory of atoms in molecular studies. In the case of the F atom being in the ortho position, we obtained clear-cut evidence for a Zr-F coordination.
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2
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Reactions of a Bis(pentalene)dititanium complex with alkenes; the molecular structure of the butadiene complex [Ti2(µ: η5,η5-Pn††)2(μ: η2,η2-s-trans-C4H6)] (Pn†† = 1,4-(Si Pr3)2-C8H4). Polyhedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2021.115574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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3
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Fortier S, Gomez-Torres A. Redox chemistry of discrete low-valent titanium complexes and low-valent titanium synthons. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:10292-10316. [PMID: 34533140 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc02772g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Titanium is a versatile metal that has important applications in practical synthesis, though this is typically limited to stoichiometric reactions or Lewis acid catalysis. Recently, interest has grown in using titanium and other early-metals for redox catalysis; however, notable limitations exist due to the thermodynamic preference of these metals to adopt high oxidation states. Nonetheless, discrete low-valent titanium (LVT) complexes and their synthons (titanium complexes which chemically behave as LVT sources) are known. Here, we detail the various ligand platforms that are capable of stabilizing LVT compounds and present the redox chemistry of these systems. This includes a discussion of recent developments in the use of LVT synthons for accessing fully reversible oxidative-addition/reductive-elimination reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Skye Fortier
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA.
| | - Alejandra Gomez-Torres
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA.
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4
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Gyepes R, Pinkas J, Kubišta J, Mach K, Horáček M. Sunlight-induced dehydrogenation rearrangement of the dititanium complex [Ti(η5-C5HMe4)(μ-η1: η5-C5Me4)]2. J Organomet Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2020.121663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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5
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Reinholdt A, Pividori D, Laughlin AL, DiMucci IM, MacMillan SN, Jafari MG, Gau MR, Carroll PJ, Krzystek J, Ozarowski A, Telser J, Lancaster KM, Meyer K, Mindiola DJ. A Mononuclear and High-Spin Tetrahedral Ti II Complex. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:17834-17850. [PMID: 33258366 PMCID: PMC7928263 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c02586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A high-spin, mononuclear TiII complex, [(TptBu,Me)TiCl] [TptBu,Me- = hydridotris(3-tert-butyl-5-methylpyrazol-1-yl)borate], confined to a tetrahedral ligand-field environment, has been prepared by reduction of the precursor [(TptBu,Me)TiCl2] with KC8. Complex [(TptBu,Me)TiCl] has a 3A2 ground state (assuming C3v symmetry based on structural studies), established via a combination of high-frequency and -field electron paramagnetic resonance (HFEPR) spectroscopy, solution and solid-state magnetic studies, Ti K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), and both density functional theory and ab initio (complete-active-space self-consistent-field, CASSCF) calculations. The formally and physically defined TiII complex readily binds tetrahydrofuran (THF) to form the paramagnetic adduct [(TptBu,Me)TiCl(THF)], which is impervious to N2 binding. However, in the absence of THF, the TiII complex captures N2 to produce the diamagnetic complex [(TptBu,Me)TiCl]2(η1,η1;μ2-N2), with a linear Ti═N═N═Ti topology, established by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The N2 complex was characterized using XAS as well as IR and Raman spectroscopies, thus establishing this complex to possess two TiIII centers covalently bridged by an N22- unit. A π acid such as CNAd (Ad = 1-adamantyl) coordinates to [(TptBu,Me)TiCl] without inducing spin pairing of the d electrons, thereby forming a unique high-spin and five-coordinate TiII complex, namely, [(TptBu,Me)TiCl(CNAd)]. The reducing power of the coordinatively unsaturated TiII-containing [(ΤptBu,Me)TiCl] species, quantified by electrochemistry, provides access to a family of mononuclear TiIV complexes of the type [(TptBu,Me)Ti═E(Cl)] (with E2- = NSiMe3, N2CPh2, O, and NH) by virtue of atom- or group-transfer reactions using various small molecules such as N3SiMe3, N2CPh2, N2O, and the bicyclic amine 2,3:5,6-dibenzo-7-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hepta-2,5-diene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anders Reinholdt
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Daniel Pividori
- Inorganic
Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander University (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Alexander L. Laughlin
- Baker
Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Ida M. DiMucci
- Baker
Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Samantha N. MacMillan
- Baker
Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Mehrafshan G. Jafari
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Michael R. Gau
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Patrick J. Carroll
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - J. Krzystek
- National
High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida
State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, United States
| | - Andrew Ozarowski
- National
High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida
State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, United States
| | - Joshua Telser
- Department
of Biological, Physical and Health Sciences, Roosevelt University, Chicago, Illinois 60605, United States
| | - Kyle M. Lancaster
- Baker
Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Karsten Meyer
- Inorganic
Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander University (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Daniel J. Mindiola
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
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6
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Rosenthal U. Vivid Wording for the Chemistry of Group 4 Metallocene Complexes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:19756-19761. [PMID: 32864835 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202006969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Three selected examples for the use of unusual wording to describe the organometallic chemistry of Group 4 metallocenes are explained and discussed. The term "tuck(ed)-in" concerns the behavior of decamethyltitanocene [(C5 Me5 )2 Ti] and similar complexes in which one or two methyl groups form the titanium hydride complex [(C5 Me5 )(C5 Me4 CH2 )TiH] or other hydride complexes by C-H activation. In the so-called "merry-go-round reaction" the rearrangement of C atoms bound to titanium in organometallic molecules is described which corresponds to the rotation of two C atoms along with a rotation of the six-membered ring in a dihydroindenyl moiety at titanium. In the third example "migration" or "tobogganing" concerns the "sliding" of titanocene along the chain of a linear polyyne by coordination to one or more triple bonds. In all these reactions changes of the coordination mode of the metal at Cp or substrate ligands by intramolecular dynamics occur.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uwe Rosenthal
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis at the, University of Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Str. 29A, 18059, Rostock, Germany
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7
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Rosenthal U. Anschauliche Bezeichnungen der Chemie von Metallocen‐Komplexen der Gruppe 4. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202006969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Uwe Rosenthal
- Leibniz Institut für Katalyse an der Universität Rostock Albert-Einstein-Straße 29A 18059 Rostock Deutschland
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8
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Pinkas J, Kubišta J, Gyepes R, Mach K, Horáček M. Molecular Hydrogen‐Induced Carbon Chain Rearrangement in Cyclopentadienyl‐Tethered Titanium(III) Permethyltitanocene Complexes. Eur J Inorg Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201901148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiří Pinkas
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry Czech Academy of Sciences Dolejškova 3 182 23 Prague 8 Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Kubišta
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry Czech Academy of Sciences Dolejškova 3 182 23 Prague 8 Czech Republic
| | - Róbert Gyepes
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry Czech Academy of Sciences Dolejškova 3 182 23 Prague 8 Czech Republic
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry Charles University Hlavova 2030 128 40 Prague 2 Czech Republic
| | - Karel Mach
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry Czech Academy of Sciences Dolejškova 3 182 23 Prague 8 Czech Republic
| | - Michal Horáček
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry Czech Academy of Sciences Dolejškova 3 182 23 Prague 8 Czech Republic
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9
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Mrózek O, Dostál L, Císařová I, Honzíček J, Vinklárek J. Propene complexes of molybdenum and tungsten stabilized by intramolecular coordination of the 1-(quinol-8-yl)indenyl ligand. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:12210-12218. [DOI: 10.1039/c9dt02229e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Synthesis, reactivity and properties of unusually stable propene complexes of molybdenum and tungsten are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ondřej Mrózek
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry
- Faculty of Chemical Technology
- University of Pardubice
- 532 10 Pardubice
- Czech Republic
| | - Libor Dostál
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry
- Faculty of Chemical Technology
- University of Pardubice
- 532 10 Pardubice
- Czech Republic
| | - Ivana Císařová
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Charles University in Prague
- 128 43 Prague 2
- Czech Republic
| | - Jan Honzíček
- Institute of Chemistry and Technology of Macromolecular Materials
- Faculty of Chemical Technology
- University of Pardubice
- 532 10 Pardubice
- Czech Republic
| | - Jaromír Vinklárek
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry
- Faculty of Chemical Technology
- University of Pardubice
- 532 10 Pardubice
- Czech Republic
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10
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Pinkas J, Gyepes R, Císařová I, Kubišta J, Horáček M, Žilková N, Mach K. Hydrogenation of titanocene and zirconocene bis(trimethylsilyl)acetylene complexes. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:8921-8932. [PMID: 29916518 DOI: 10.1039/c8dt01909f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Reactions following the addition of dihydrogen under maximum atmospheric pressure to bis(trimethylsilyl)acetylene (BTMSA) complexes of titanocenes, [(η5-C5H5-nMen)2Ti(η2-BTMSA)] (n = 0, 1, 3, and 4) (1A-1D), and zirconocenes, [(η5-C5H5-nMen)2Zr(η2-BTMSA)] (n = 2-5) (4A-4D), proceeded in diverse ways and, depending on the metal, afforded different products. The former complexes lost, in all cases, their BTMSA ligand via its hydrogenation to bis-1,2-(trimethylsilyl)ethane when reacted at 80 °C for a prolonged reaction time. For n = 0, 1, and 3, the titanocene species formed in situ dimerised via the formation of fulvalene ligands and two bridging hydride ligands, giving known green dimeric titanocenes (2A-2C). For n = 4, a titanocene hydride [(η5-C5HMe4)2TiH] (2D) was formed, similarly to the known [(η5-C5Me5)2TiH] (2E) for n = 5; however, in contrast to this example, 2D in the absence of dihydrogen spontaneously dehydrogenated to the known Ti(iii)-Ti(iii) dehydro-dimer [{Ti(η5-C5HMe4)(μ-η1:η5-C5Me4)}2] (3B). This complex has now been fully characterised via spectroscopic methods, and was shown through EPR spectroscopy to attain an intramolecular electronic triplet state. The zirconocene-BTMSA complexes 4A-4D reacted uniformly with one hydrogen molecule to give Zr(iv) zirconocene hydride alkenyls, [(η5-C5H5-nMen)2ZrH{C(SiMe3)[double bond, length as m-dash]CH(SiMe3)}] (n = 2-5) (5A-5D). These were identified through their 1H and 13C NMR spectra, which show features typical of an agostically bonded proton, [double bond, length as m-dash]CH(SiMe3). Compounds 5A-5D formed equilibria with the BTMSA complexes 4A-4D depending on hydrogen pressure and temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiří Pinkas
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Dolejškova 3, 182 23 Prague 8, Czech Republic.
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11
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Pinkas J, Gyepes R, Císařová I, Kubišta J, Horáček M, Mach K. Decamethyltitanocene hydride intermediates in the hydrogenation of the corresponding titanocene-(η 2-ethene) or (η 2-alkyne) complexes and the effects of bulkier auxiliary ligands. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:8229-8244. [PMID: 28617500 DOI: 10.1039/c7dt01545c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
1H NMR studies of reactions of titanocene [Cp*2Ti] (Cp* = η5-C5Me5) and its derivatives [Cp*(η5:η1-C5Me4CH2)TiMe] and [Cp*2Ti(η2-CH2[double bond, length as m-dash]CH2)] with excess dihydrogen at room temperature and pressures lower than 1 bar revealed the formation of dihydride [Cp*2TiH2] (1) and the concurrent liberation of either methane or ethane, depending on the organometallic reactant. The subsequent slow decay of 1 yielding [Cp*2TiH] (2) was mediated by titanocene formed in situ and controlled by hydrogen pressure. The crystalline products obtained by evaporating a hexane solution of fresh [Cp*2Ti] in the presence of hydrogen contained crystals having either two independent molecules of 1 in the asymmetric part of the unit cell or cocrystals consisting of 1 and [Cp*2Ti] in a 2 : 1 ratio. Hydrogenation of alkyne complexes [Cp*2Ti(η2-R1C[triple bond, length as m-dash]CR2)] (R1 = R2 = Me or Et) performed at room temperature afforded alkanes R1CH2CH2R2, and after removing hydrogen, 2 was formed in quantitative yields. For alkyne complexes containing bulkier substituent(s) R1 = Me or Ph, R2 = SiMe3, and R1 = R2 = Ph or SiMe3, successful hydrogenation required the application of increased temperatures (70-80 °C) and prolonged reaction times, in particular for bis(trimethylsilyl)acetylene. Under these conditions, no transient 1 was detected during the formation of 2. The bulkier auxiliary ligands η5-C5Me4tBu and η5-C5Me4SiMe3 did not hinder the addition of dihydrogen to the corresponding titanocenes [(η5-C5Me4tBu)2Ti] and [(η5-C5Me4SiMe3)2Ti] yielding [(η5-C5Me4tBu)2TiH2] (3) and [(η5-C5Me4SiMe3)2TiH2] (4), respectively. In contrast to 1, the dihydride 4 did not decay with the formation of titanocene monohydride, but dissociated to titanocene upon dihydrogen removal. The monohydrides [(η5-C5Me4tBu)2TiH] (5) and [(η5-C5Me4SiMe3)2TiH] (6) were obtained by insertion of dihydrogen into the intramolecular titanium-methylene σ-bond in compounds [(η5-C5Me4tBu)(η5:η1-C5Me4CMe2CH2)Ti] and [(η5-C5Me4SiMe3)(η5:η1-C5Me4SiMe2CH2)Ti], respectively. The steric influence of the auxiliary ligands became clear from the nature of the products obtained by reacting 5 and 6 with butadiene. They appeared to be the exclusively σ-bonded η1-but-2-enyl titanocenes (7) and (8), instead of the common π-bonded derivatives formed for the sterically less congested titanocenes, including [Cp*2Ti(η3-(1-methylallyl))] (9). The molecular structure optimized by DFT for compound 1 acquired a distinctly lower total energy than the analogously optimized complex with a coordinated dihydrogen [Cp*2Ti(η2-H2)]. The stabilization energies of binding the hydride ligands to the bent titanocenes were estimated from counterpoise computations; they showed a decrease in the order 1 (-132.70 kJ mol-1), 3 (-121.11 kJ mol-1), and 4 (-112.35 kJ mol-1), in accordance with the more facile dihydrogen dissociation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiří Pinkas
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Dolejškova 3, 182 23 Prague 8, Czech Republic.
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12
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Gyepes R, Pinkas J, Císařová I, Kubišta J, Horáček M, Mach K. Synthesis, molecular and electronic structure of a stacked half-sandwich dititanium complex incorporating a cyclic π-faced bridging ligand. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra14940e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The thermally robust ground singlet state complex [bis(η5-pentamethylcyclopentadienyltitanium)-μ-(η4:η4-1,2,4,5-tetrakis(trimethylsilyl)cyclohexa-1-4-diene-3,6-diyl)] (3) arises from thermolysis of Cp*TiMe3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Róbert Gyepes
- J. Selye University
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Education
- 945 01 Komárno
- Slovak Republic
| | - Jiří Pinkas
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry
- Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i
- 182 23 Prague 8
- Czech Republic
| | - Ivana Císařová
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Charles University in Prague
- 128 40 Prague 2
- Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Kubišta
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry
- Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i
- 182 23 Prague 8
- Czech Republic
| | - Michal Horáček
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry
- Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i
- 182 23 Prague 8
- Czech Republic
| | - Karel Mach
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry
- Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i
- 182 23 Prague 8
- Czech Republic
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13
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Pinkas J, Císařová I, Gyepes R, Kubišta J, Mach K, Horáček M. Substituent effects in reduction-induced synthesis of ansa-titanocenes. TRANSIT METAL CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11243-015-0006-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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15
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Pinkas J, Gyepes R, Císařová I, Kubišta J, Horáček M, Mach K. Displacement of ethene from the decamethyltitanocene-ethene complex with internal alkynes, substituent-dependent alkyne-to-allene rearrangement, and the electronic transition relevant to the back-bonding interaction. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:7276-91. [PMID: 25791134 DOI: 10.1039/c5dt00351b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The titanocene-ethene complex [Ti(II)(η(2)-C2H4)(η(5)-C5Me5)2] (1) with simple internal alkynes R(1)C≡CR(2) gives complexes [Ti(II)(η(2)-R(1)C≡CR(2))(η(5)-C5Me5)2] {R(1), R(2): Ph, Ph (3), Ph, Me (4), Me, SiMe3 (5), Ph, SiMe3 (6), t-Bu, SiMe3 (7), and SiMe3, SiMe3 (8). In contrast, alkynes with R(1) = Me and R(2) = t-Bu or i-Pr afford allene complexes [Ti(II)(η(2)-CH2=C=CHR(2))(η(5)-C5Me5)2] (11) and (12), whereas for R(2) = Et a mixture of alkyne complex (13A) and minor allene (13) is obtained. Crystal structures of 4, 6, 7 and 11 have been determined; the latter structure proved the back-bonding interaction of the allene terminal double bond. Only the synthesis of 8 from 1 was inefficient because the equilibrium constant for the reaction [1] + [Me3SiC≡CSiMe3] ⇌ [8] + [C2H4] approached 1. Compound 9 (R(1), R(2): Me), not obtainable from 1, together with compounds 3–6 and 10 (R(1), R(2): Et) were also prepared by alkyne exchange with 8, however this reaction did not take place in attempts to obtain 7. Compounds 1 and 3–9 display the longest-wavelength electronic absorption band in the range 670-940 nm due to the HOMO → LUMO transition. The assignment of the first excitation to be of predominantly a b2 → a1 transition was confirmed by DFT calculations. The calculated first excitation energies for 3–9 followed the order of hypsochromic shifts of the absorption band relative to 8 that were induced by acetylene substituents: Me > Ph ≫ SiMe3. Computational results have also affirmed the back-bonding nature in the alkyne-to-metal coordination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiří Pinkas
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Dolejškova 3, 182 23 Prague 8, Czech Republic.
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16
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Kamitani M, Searles K, Chen CH, Carroll PJ, Mindiola DJ. β-Hydrogen Abstraction of an Ethyl Group Provides Entry to Titanium and Zirconium Ethylene Complexes. Organometallics 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/om501226k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Kamitani
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Keith Searles
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Chun-Hsing Chen
- Department
of Chemistry and Molecular Structure Center, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Patrick J. Carroll
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Daniel J. Mindiola
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
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17
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Pinkas J, Gyepes R, Císařová I, Kubišta J, Horáček M, Mach K. Steric Effects in Reactions of Decamethyltitanocene Hydride with Internal Alkynes, Conjugated Diynes, and Conjugated Dienes. Organometallics 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/om500296h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiří Pinkas
- J.
Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Dolejškova 3, 182 23 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - Róbert Gyepes
- J.
Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Dolejškova 3, 182 23 Prague 8, Czech Republic
- Faculty
of Education, J. Selye University, Bratislavská cesta 3322, 945 01 Komárno, Slovak Republic
- Department
of Inorganic Chemistry, Charles University, Hlavova 2030, 128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Ivana Císařová
- Department
of Inorganic Chemistry, Charles University, Hlavova 2030, 128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Kubišta
- J.
Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Dolejškova 3, 182 23 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Horáček
- J.
Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Dolejškova 3, 182 23 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Mach
- J.
Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Dolejškova 3, 182 23 Prague 8, Czech Republic
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18
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Horáček M, Císařová I, Gyepes R, Kubišta J, Pinkas J, Lamač M, Mach K. Synthesis, structure, and sunlight photolysis of benzyl- and tert-butyl-substituted octamethyltitanocene dihydrosulfides. J Organomet Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2014.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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19
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Pinkas J, Císařová I, Gyepes R, Kubišta J, Horáček M, Mach K. Synthesis and Structure of Titanium(III) Bis(decamethyltitanocene) Oxide. Organometallics 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/om400624y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiří Pinkas
- J. Heyrovský Institute
of Physical Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Dolejškova 3, 182 23 Prague 8, Czech Republic,
| | - Ivana Císařová
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Charles University, Hlavova 2030, 128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Róbert Gyepes
- J. Heyrovský Institute
of Physical Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Dolejškova 3, 182 23 Prague 8, Czech Republic,
- Faculty of Education, J. Selye University, Bratislavská cesta 3322, 945
01 Komárno, Slovak Republic
| | - Jiří Kubišta
- J. Heyrovský Institute
of Physical Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Dolejškova 3, 182 23 Prague 8, Czech Republic,
| | - Michal Horáček
- J. Heyrovský Institute
of Physical Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Dolejškova 3, 182 23 Prague 8, Czech Republic,
| | - Karel Mach
- J. Heyrovský Institute
of Physical Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Dolejškova 3, 182 23 Prague 8, Czech Republic,
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20
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Crestani MG, Hickey AK, Gao X, Pinter B, Cavaliere VN, Ito JI, Chen CH, Mindiola DJ. Room Temperature Dehydrogenation of Ethane, Propane, Linear Alkanes C4–C8, and Some Cyclic Alkanes by Titanium–Carbon Multiple Bonds. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:14754-67. [DOI: 10.1021/ja4060178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marco G. Crestani
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Anne K. Hickey
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Xinfeng Gao
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Balazs Pinter
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Vincent N. Cavaliere
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Jun-Ichi Ito
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Chun-Hsing Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Daniel J. Mindiola
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
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21
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Tonks IA, Meier JC, Bercaw JE. Alkyne Hydroamination and Trimerization with Titanium Bis(phenolate)pyridine Complexes: Evidence for Low-Valent Titanium Intermediates and Synthesis of an Ethylene Adduct of Titanium(II). Organometallics 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/om400080g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ian A. Tonks
- Arnold and Mabel
Beckman Laboratories of Chemical Synthesis, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California
91125, United States
| | - Josef C. Meier
- Arnold and Mabel
Beckman Laboratories of Chemical Synthesis, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California
91125, United States
| | - John E. Bercaw
- Arnold and Mabel
Beckman Laboratories of Chemical Synthesis, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California
91125, United States
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22
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Gyepes R, Císařová I, Pinkas J, Kubišta J, Horáček M, Mach K. Sunlight Photolysis of Decamethyltitanocene Dihydrosulfide Affords the Titanium Sulfide Cage Clusters (Cp*Ti)
6
S
8
and (Cp*Ti)
4
S
6. Eur J Inorg Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201300391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Róbert Gyepes
- J. Selye University, Faculty of Education, Bratislavská cesta 3322, 945 01 Komárno, Slovak Republic
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Dolejškova 3, 182 23 Prague 8, Czech Republic, http://www.jh‐inst.cas.cz
| | - Ivana Císařová
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Charles University, Hlavova 2030, 128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Pinkas
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Dolejškova 3, 182 23 Prague 8, Czech Republic, http://www.jh‐inst.cas.cz
| | - Jiří Kubišta
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Dolejškova 3, 182 23 Prague 8, Czech Republic, http://www.jh‐inst.cas.cz
| | - Michal Horáček
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Dolejškova 3, 182 23 Prague 8, Czech Republic, http://www.jh‐inst.cas.cz
| | - Karel Mach
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Dolejškova 3, 182 23 Prague 8, Czech Republic, http://www.jh‐inst.cas.cz
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23
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Desnoyer AN, Fartel B, MacLeod KC, Patrick BO, Smith KM. Ambient-Temperature Carbon–Oxygen Bond Cleavage of an α-Aryloxy Ketone with Cp2Ti(BTMSA) and Selective Protonolysis of the Resulting Ti–OR Bonds. Organometallics 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/om300950c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Addison N. Desnoyer
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia Okanagan, 3333 University Way, Kelowna,
British Columbia, Canada V1V 1V7
| | - Beata Fartel
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia Okanagan, 3333 University Way, Kelowna,
British Columbia, Canada V1V 1V7
| | - K. Cory MacLeod
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia Okanagan, 3333 University Way, Kelowna,
British Columbia, Canada V1V 1V7
| | - Brian O. Patrick
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
V6T 1Z1
| | - Kevin M. Smith
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia Okanagan, 3333 University Way, Kelowna,
British Columbia, Canada V1V 1V7
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