1
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A mechanistic DFT study of Z-selective ring-opening metathesis polymerization by MAP catalysts. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2022.112418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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2
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Toward E-selective Olefin Metathesis: Computational Design and Experimental Realization of Ruthenium Thio-Indolate Catalysts. Top Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11244-021-01468-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe selective transformation of 1-alkenes into E-olefins is a long-standing challenge in olefin metathesis. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations predict high E-selectivity for catalysts incorporating a bidentate, dianionic thio-indolate ligand within a RuXX’(NHC)(py)(= CHR) platform (NHC = N-heterocyclic carbene; py = pyridine). Such complexes are predicted to yield E-olefins by favoring anti-disposed substituents in the transition state expected to be rate-determining: specifically, that for cycloreversion of the metallacyclobutane intermediate. Three pyridine-stabilized catalysts Ru21a-c were synthesized, in which the thio-indolate ligand bears a H, Me, or Ph substituent at the C2 position, and the NHC ligand is the unsaturated imidazoline-2-ylidene Me2IMes (which bears N-mesityl groups and methyl groups on the C4,5 backbone). Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis of Ru21c confirms the ligand orientation required for E-selective metathesis, with the thio-indolate sulfur atom binding cis to the NHC, and the indolate nitrogen atom trans to the NHC. However, whereas the new complexes mediated metathetic exchange of their 2-thienylmethylidene ligand in the presence of the common metathesis substrates styrene and allylbenzene, no corresponding self-metathesis products were obtained. Only small amounts of 2-butene (73% (Z)-2-butene) were obtained in self-metathesis of propene using Ru21a. Detailed DFT analysis of this process revealed that product release is surprisingly slow, limiting the reaction rate and explaining the low metathesis activity. With the barrier to dissociation of (Z)-2-butene being lower than that of (E)-2-butene, the calculations also account for the observed Z-selectivity of Ru21a. These findings provide guidelines for catalyst redesign in pursuit of the ambitious goal of E-selective 1-alkene metathesis.
Graphic abstract
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3
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Qi X, Lan Y. Recent Advances in Theoretical Studies on Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Carbene Transformations. Acc Chem Res 2021; 54:2905-2915. [PMID: 34232609 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.1c00075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Metal carbene plays a vital role in modern organic synthesis. The neutral divalent carbon of metal carbene renders it an active intermediate throughout a range of reactions. In experiments, diverse metal carbene-related transformation reactions have been established, including transition-metal-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions using N-heterocyclic carbenes as ligands, metal carbene insertion into σ bonds, cyclopropanations, ylide formation, and so forth. The remarkable progress achieved in synthetic chemistry, in turn, has increased the demand for mechanistic studies of carbene chemistry. A thorough understanding of reaction mechanisms can extend the application scope of metal carbene compounds and inspire the rational design of new carbene transformation reactions.Density functional theory (DFT) calculations have been performed in our group to gain more mechanistic insights into metal carbene-related reactions. This account focuses on computational studies of transition-metal-catalyzed carbene transformation reactions with nucleophiles. The generation of metal carbene or metal-ligated free carbene and subsequent carbene transformation pathways is discussed. According to our mechanistic studies of carbene transformation with nucleophiles, three generalized reaction models are summarized, including the intramolecular migratory insertion of metal carbene, intermolecular nucleophilic addition toward metal carbene, and outer-sphere nucleophilic addition to the metal-ligated free carbene.In general, the intermolecular nucleophilic addition mechanism is commonly proposed since metal carbene has an electrophilic carbene carbon. From a mechanistic point of view, the intramolecular migratory insertion mechanism is also widely used because metal carbene insertion into σ bonds formally occurs through this mechanism. An outer-sphere nucleophilic addition mechanism is proposed for reactions that form a metal-ligated free carbene complex instead of the commonly proposed metal carbene. The metal-ligated free carbene complex contains a naked carbene carbon that is not coordinated with the metal center. In this case, a transition-metal catalyst is used only as a Lewis acid, and nucleophilic addition occurs directly at the free carbene carbon. Our computational results suggested that outer-sphere nucleophilic addition is a facile step because metal ligation could stabilize the transition state as well as the generated intermediate. The intramolecular migratory insertion mechanism also has a low energy barrier due to the lack of an entropy penalty. Carbene formation from carbene precursors is usually the rate-determining step, except in intermolecular nucleophilic addition, and the reactivity of nucleophiles has a significant influence on the overall reaction rate. We can also envision that the weak nucleophilicity of nucleophiles would suppress outer-sphere nucleophilic addition. These computational studies showcase the characteristics of three carbene transformation models, and we hope that it will spur the development of mechanistic studies of carbene chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotian Qi
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Yu Lan
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, P. R. China
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4
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Patra SG, Das NK. Recent advancement on the mechanism of olefin metathesis by Grubbs catalysts: A computational perspective. Polyhedron 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2021.115096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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5
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Dawood KM, Nomura K. Recent Developments in Z‐Selective Olefin Metathesis Reactions by Molybdenum, Tungsten, Ruthenium, and Vanadium Catalysts. Adv Synth Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202001117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kamal M. Dawood
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science Cairo University Giza 12613 Egypt Tel. & Fax
| | - Kotohiro Nomura
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji Tokyo 192-0397 Japan
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Wang T, Xie Q, Guo W, Wu S, Zhang H, Wang J, Wu B. A 3,4-dimercapto-3-cyclobutene-1,2-dione-chelated ruthenium carbene catalyst for Z-stereoretentive/stereoselective olefin metathesis. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:6473-6483. [PMID: 30993295 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt01016e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
A ruthenium carbene catalyst chelated with a 3,4-dioxocyclobut-1-ene-1,2-dithiolate ligand was synthesized and its molecular structure was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The Ru catalyst had excellent catalytic activity with high yields and good Z/E ratios for the ring opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) of norbornene (yield: 96%/Z/E: 86 : 14) and 1,5-cyclooctadiene (yield: 86%/Z/E: 91 : 9) and for ring opening cross metathesis (ROCM) reactions of norbornene/5-norbornene-2-exo, 3-exo-dimethanol with styrene (yields: 64%-92%/Z/E: 97 : 3-98 : 2) or 4-fluorostyrene (yield: 46%-94%/Z/E: 98 : 2). The catalyst also had high Z-stereoretentivity (91 : 9-98 : 2) for cross-metathesis (CM) reactions of terminal olefins with (Z)-2-butene-1,4-diol. More importantly, the catalyst had moderate Z-stereoselectivity for homometathesis reactions of terminal olefins giving cis-olefins as the major products (Z/E ratios of 70 : 30-77 : 23). Like other Ru carbene complexes, the catalyst tolerates many different functional groups. The presented data, supported by DFT calculations, show that our catalyst, bearing a chelating 3,4-dioxocyclobut-1-ene-1,2-dithiolate ligand, exhibits higher stability towards air than Hoveyda's stereoretentive complex systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China.
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7
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Wei HR, Xing YY, Liu JB, Wang WJ, Huang F, Sun CZ, Chen DZ. A mechanism exploration of stereodivergent coupling of aldehydes and alkynes catalyzed synergistically by rhodium and amine. Org Chem Front 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9qo00667b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The stereodivergent coupling of alkynes and aldehydes with a synergistic catalyst approach using rhodium and amine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Ran Wei
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong
- Institute of Molecular and Nano Science
- Shandong Normal University
| | - Yang-Yang Xing
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong
- Institute of Molecular and Nano Science
- Shandong Normal University
| | - Jian-Biao Liu
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong
- Institute of Molecular and Nano Science
- Shandong Normal University
| | - Wen-Juan Wang
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong
- Institute of Molecular and Nano Science
- Shandong Normal University
| | - Fang Huang
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong
- Institute of Molecular and Nano Science
- Shandong Normal University
| | - Chuan-Zhi Sun
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong
- Institute of Molecular and Nano Science
- Shandong Normal University
| | - De-Zhan Chen
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong
- Institute of Molecular and Nano Science
- Shandong Normal University
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8
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Mechanism study on rhodium(III)-catalyzed C H functionalization of o-vinylphenols with alkynes: Regioselectivity and chemoselectivity. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2018.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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9
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Kang C, Kwon S, Sung JC, Kim J, Baik MH, Choi TL. Living Metathesis and Metallotropy Polymerization Gives Conjugated Polyenynes from Multialkynes: How to Design Sequence-Specific Cascades for Polymers. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:16320-16329. [PMID: 30427194 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b10269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
On the basis of a combined experimental and computational study, a novel method for preparing fully conjugated polyenynes via cascade metathesis and metallotropy (M&M) polymerization of various multialkynes is developed. DFT calculations elucidate the detailed mechanism of the metallotropic 1,3-shift, which is a key process of M&M polymerization. An α,β-(C,C,C)-agostic interaction stabilizing the metallacyclobutadiene transition state is found to be critically important for the successful polymerization with excellent specificity. The polymerization efficiency displayed by the tetrayne monomer is controlled by the steric demands of its substituents, and more complex hexayne monomers can be successfully polymerized to give access to highly conjugated polyenynes via a series of intramolecular metathesis and metallotropic shift cascade reactions. Furthermore, living polymerization led to the synthesis of block copolymers consisting of fully conjugated polyenyne backbones. The implementation of pentayne monomers provides polyenynes with successive C-C triple bonds via consecutive metallotropic 1,3-shift. In short, the design of multialkynes enables the preparation of diverse conjugated polyenyne motifs via selective M&M cascade reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheol Kang
- Department of Chemistry , Seoul National University , Seoul 08826 , Republic of Korea
| | - Seongyeon Kwon
- Department of Chemistry , Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , Daejeon 34141 , Republic of Korea.,Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations , Institute for Basic Science (IBS) , Daejeon 34141 , Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Chan Sung
- Department of Chemistry , Seoul National University , Seoul 08826 , Republic of Korea
| | - Jinwoo Kim
- Department of Chemistry , Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , Daejeon 34141 , Republic of Korea.,Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations , Institute for Basic Science (IBS) , Daejeon 34141 , Republic of Korea
| | - Mu-Hyun Baik
- Department of Chemistry , Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , Daejeon 34141 , Republic of Korea.,Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations , Institute for Basic Science (IBS) , Daejeon 34141 , Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Lim Choi
- Department of Chemistry , Seoul National University , Seoul 08826 , Republic of Korea
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10
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Ahmed TS, Grandner JM, Taylor BLH, Herbert MB, Houk KN, Grubbs RH. Metathesis and Decomposition of Fischer Carbenes of Cyclometalated Z-Selective Ruthenium Metathesis Catalysts. Organometallics 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tonia S. Ahmed
- Arnold and Mabel Beckman Laboratory of Chemical Synthesis, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Jessica M. Grandner
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Buck L. H. Taylor
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Myles B. Herbert
- Arnold and Mabel Beckman Laboratory of Chemical Synthesis, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - K. N. Houk
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Robert H. Grubbs
- Arnold and Mabel Beckman Laboratory of Chemical Synthesis, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
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11
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Jung K, Kim K, Sung JC, Ahmed TS, Hong SH, Grubbs RH, Choi TL. Toward Perfect Regiocontrol for β-Selective Cyclopolymerization Using a Ru-Based Olefin Metathesis Catalyst. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b00969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kijung Jung
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Kunsoon Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Chan Sung
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Tonia S. Ahmed
- The Arnold and Mabel Beckman Laboratory of Chemical Synthesis, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Soon Hyeok Hong
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Robert H. Grubbs
- The Arnold and Mabel Beckman Laboratory of Chemical Synthesis, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Tae-Lim Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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12
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Huang F, Wang Q, Guo J, Wen M, Wang ZX. Computational mechanistic study of Ru-catalyzed CO 2 reduction by pinacolborane revealing the σ-π coupling mechanism for CO 2 decarbonylation. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:4804-4819. [PMID: 29561047 DOI: 10.1039/c8dt00081f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
It has been reported that RuH2(η2-H2)2(PCy3)2 (1) could mediate CO2 reduction by pinacolborane (HBpin), affording pinBOBpin (7), pinBOCH3 (8), pinBOCHO (9), pinBOCH2OBpin (10), and an unprecedented C2 species pinBOCH2OCHO (11), which meanwhile is converted to the Ru complexes, including the transient 3 (RuH(κ2-O2CH)(CO)(PCy3)2) and 5 (RuH{(μ-H)2Bpin}(CO)(PCy3)2), and the persistent 4 (RuH(κ2-O2CH)(CO)2(PCy3)2) and 6 (RuH2(CO)2(PCy3)2). To gain an insight into the catalysis, a DFT study was carried out. The study identified the key active catalyst to be the hydride 13 (RuH2(CO)(PCy3)2) and characterized the mechanisms leading to the experimentally observed species (3-11). By investigating the experimental system, we learned a new mechanism called σ-π coupling for CO2 decarbonylation. Under this mechanism, CO2 and HBpin first co-coordinate to the Ru center of 13, then σ-π coupling takes place, forming a B-O bond between CO2 and HBpin, Ru-H and Ru-C bonds, and simultaneously breaking the H-Bpin bond, followed by -OBpin group migration to the Ru center, completing the CO2 decarbonylation. An interesting feature regarding the Ru catalysis was the involvement of η1-Hη1-H → η2-H2 and η1-Hη1-Bpin → η2-HBpin reductions, which facilitated the oxidative H-Bpin addition or the coordination mode change of CO2 from η1-O to η2-CO for CO2 activation or σ-π coupling. The facilitation effects could be attributed to the reductions enhancing the electron donations from the Ru center to the antibonding orbitals of the activating bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Huang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clean Production of Fine Chemicals, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China.
| | - Qiong Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clean Production of Fine Chemicals, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China.
| | - Jiandong Guo
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Mingwei Wen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Zhi-Xiang Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing, 100049, China.
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13
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Jung H, Jung K, Hong M, Kwon S, Kim K, Hong SH, Choi TL, Baik MH. Understanding the Origin of the Regioselectivity in Cyclopolymerizations of Diynes and How to Completely Switch It. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:834-841. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b11968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hoimin Jung
- Department
of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- Center
for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Kijung Jung
- Department
of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Mannkyu Hong
- Department
of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- Center
for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongyeon Kwon
- Department
of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- Center
for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Kunsoon Kim
- Department
of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon Hyeok Hong
- Department
of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Lim Choi
- Department
of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Mu-Hyun Baik
- Department
of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- Center
for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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14
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Montgomery TP, Grandner JM, Houk KN, Grubbs RH. Synthesis and Evaluation of Sterically Demanding Ruthenium Dithiolate Catalysts for Stereoretentive Olefin Metathesis. Organometallics 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.7b00555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. Patrick Montgomery
- Arnold
and Mabel Beckman Laboratories of Chemical Synthesis, Division of
Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Jessica M. Grandner
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - K. N. Houk
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Robert H. Grubbs
- Arnold
and Mabel Beckman Laboratories of Chemical Synthesis, Division of
Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
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15
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Wang Q, Huang F, Jiang L, Sun C, Liu J, Chen D. A Mechanistic Insight into the Ligand-Controlled Asymmetric Arylation of Aliphatic α-Amino Anion Equivalents: Origin of Regio- and Enantioselectivities. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:5984-5992. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b00739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering
and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized
Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory
of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial
Key Laboratory of Clean Production of Fine Chemicals, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China
| | - Fang Huang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering
and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized
Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory
of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial
Key Laboratory of Clean Production of Fine Chemicals, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China
| | - Langhuan Jiang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering
and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized
Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory
of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial
Key Laboratory of Clean Production of Fine Chemicals, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China
| | - Chuanzhi Sun
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering
and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized
Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory
of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial
Key Laboratory of Clean Production of Fine Chemicals, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China
| | - Jianbiao Liu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering
and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized
Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory
of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial
Key Laboratory of Clean Production of Fine Chemicals, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China
| | - Dezhan Chen
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering
and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized
Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory
of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial
Key Laboratory of Clean Production of Fine Chemicals, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China
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16
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Ahmed TS, Grubbs RH. Fast-Initiating, Ruthenium-based Catalysts for Improved Activity in Highly E-Selective Cross Metathesis. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:1532-1537. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b11330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tonia S. Ahmed
- The Arnold and Mabel Beckman
Laboratory of Chemical Synthesis, Division of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering. California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Robert H. Grubbs
- The Arnold and Mabel Beckman
Laboratory of Chemical Synthesis, Division of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering. California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
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17
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Luo SX, Cannon JS, Taylor BLH, Engle KM, Houk KN, Grubbs RH. Z-Selective Cross-Metathesis and Homodimerization of 3E-1,3-Dienes: Reaction Optimization, Computational Analysis, and Synthetic Applications. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:14039-14046. [PMID: 27689541 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b08387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Olefin metathesis reactions with 3E-1,3-dienes using Z-selective cyclometalated ruthenium benzylidene catalysts are described. In particular, a procedure for employing 3E-1,3-dienes in Z-selective homodimerization and cross-metathesis with terminal alkenes is detailed. The reaction takes advantage of the pronounced chemoselectivity of a recently reported ruthenium-based catalyst containing a cyclometalated NHC ligand for terminal alkenes in the presence of internal E-alkenes. A wide array of commonly encountered functional groups can be tolerated, and only a small excess (1.5 equiv) of the diene coupling partner is required to achieve high yields of the desired internal E,Z-diene cross-metathesis product. Computational studies have been performed to elucidate the reaction mechanism. The computations are consistent with a diene-first pathway. The reaction can be used to quickly assemble structurally complex targets. The power of this cross-metathesis reaction is demonstrated by the concise syntheses of two insect pheromones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Xiong Luo
- Arnold and Mabel Beckman Laboratories of Chemical Synthesis, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Jeffrey S Cannon
- Arnold and Mabel Beckman Laboratories of Chemical Synthesis, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Buck L H Taylor
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California , Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Keary M Engle
- Arnold and Mabel Beckman Laboratories of Chemical Synthesis, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - K N Houk
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California , Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Robert H Grubbs
- Arnold and Mabel Beckman Laboratories of Chemical Synthesis, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, California 91125, United States
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18
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de Brito Sá É, Rodríguez-Santiago L, Sodupe M, Solans-Monfort X. Toward Olefin Metathesis with Iron Carbene Complexes: Benefits of Tridentate σ-Donating Ligands. Organometallics 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.6b00641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Égil de Brito Sá
- Departament
de Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- Universidade Federal do Piauí, Campus Ministro Reis Velloso, 64202-020 Parnaíba, Piauí, Brazil
| | | | - Mariona Sodupe
- Departament
de Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
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19
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Jung K, Kang EH, Sohn JH, Choi TL. Highly β-Selective Cyclopolymerization of 1,6-Heptadiynes and Ring-Closing Enyne Metathesis Reaction Using Grubbs Z-Selective Catalyst: Unprecedented Regioselectivity for Ru-Based Catalysts. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:11227-33. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b05572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kijung Jung
- Department
of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-747, Korea
| | - Eun-Hye Kang
- Department
of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-747, Korea
| | - Jeong-Hun Sohn
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, Korea
| | - Tae-Lim Choi
- Department
of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-747, Korea
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20
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Lee J, Kim KH, Lee OS, Choi TL, Lee HS, Ihee H, Sohn JH. Preference of Ruthenium-Based Metathesis Catalysts toward Z- and E-Alkenes as a Guide for Selective Reactions to Alkene Stereoisomers. J Org Chem 2016; 81:7591-6. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b01276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jihong Lee
- Department
of Chemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Hwan Kim
- Center
for Nanomaterials and Chemical Reactions, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Ok Suk Lee
- Department
of Chemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Lim Choi
- Department
of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-747, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Seung Lee
- Department
of Chemistry, KAIST, Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyotcherl Ihee
- Center
for Nanomaterials and Chemical Reactions, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea
- Department
of Chemistry, KAIST, Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Hun Sohn
- Department
of Chemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, Republic of Korea
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21
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Affiliation(s)
- Kylie A. Agnew‐Francis
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences The University of Queensland Brisbane, Queensland Australia 4072
| | - Craig M. Williams
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences The University of Queensland Brisbane, Queensland Australia 4072
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22
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Johns AM, Ahmed TS, Jackson BW, Grubbs RH, Pederson RL. High Trans Kinetic Selectivity in Ruthenium-Based Olefin Cross-Metathesis through Stereoretention. Org Lett 2016; 18:772-5. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b00031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adam M. Johns
- Materia, Inc., Pasadena, California 91107, United States
| | - Tonia S. Ahmed
- The
Arnold and Mabel Beckman Laboratory of Chemical Synthesis, Division
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering. California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | | | - Robert H. Grubbs
- The
Arnold and Mabel Beckman Laboratory of Chemical Synthesis, Division
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering. California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
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23
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Rosebrugh LE, Ahmed TS, Marx VM, Hartung J, Liu P, López JG, Houk KN, Grubbs RH. Probing Stereoselectivity in Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization Mediated by Cyclometalated Ruthenium-Based Catalysts: A Combined Experimental and Computational Study. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:1394-405. [PMID: 26726835 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b12277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The microstructures of polymers produced by ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) with cyclometalated Ru-carbene metathesis catalysts were investigated. A strong bias for a cis,syndiotactic microstructure with minimal head-to-tail bias was observed. In instances where trans errors were introduced, it was determined that these regions were also syndiotactic. Furthermore, hypothetical reaction intermediates and transition structures were analyzed computationally. Combined experimental and computational data support a reaction mechanism in which cis,syndio-selectivity is a result of stereogenic metal control, while microstructural errors are predominantly due to alkylidene isomerization via rotation about the Ru═C double bond.
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Affiliation(s)
- L E Rosebrugh
- Arnold and Mabel Beckman Laboratory of Chemical Synthesis, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - T S Ahmed
- Arnold and Mabel Beckman Laboratory of Chemical Synthesis, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - V M Marx
- Arnold and Mabel Beckman Laboratory of Chemical Synthesis, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - J Hartung
- Arnold and Mabel Beckman Laboratory of Chemical Synthesis, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - P Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California , Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - J G López
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California , Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - K N Houk
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California , Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - R H Grubbs
- Arnold and Mabel Beckman Laboratory of Chemical Synthesis, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, California 91125, United States
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24
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Herbert MB, Suslick BA, Liu P, Zou L, Dornan PK, Houk KN, Grubbs RH. Cyclometalated Z-Selective Ruthenium Metathesis Catalysts with Modified N-Chelating Groups. Organometallics 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.5b00185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Myles B. Herbert
- Arnold
and Mabel Beckman Laboratory of Chemical Synthesis, Division of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Benjamin A. Suslick
- Arnold
and Mabel Beckman Laboratory of Chemical Synthesis, Division of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Peng Liu
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Lufeng Zou
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Peter K. Dornan
- Arnold
and Mabel Beckman Laboratory of Chemical Synthesis, Division of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - K. N. Houk
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Robert H. Grubbs
- Arnold
and Mabel Beckman Laboratory of Chemical Synthesis, Division of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
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25
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Nelson DJ, Manzini S, Urbina-Blanco CA, Nolan SP. Key processes in ruthenium-catalysed olefin metathesis. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 50:10355-75. [PMID: 24931143 DOI: 10.1039/c4cc02515f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
While the fundamental series of [2+2]cycloadditions and retro[2+2]cycloadditions that make up the pathways of ruthenium-catalysed metathesis reactions is well-established, the exploration of mechanistic aspects of alkene metathesis continues. In this Feature Article, modern mechanistic studies of the alkene metathesis reaction, catalysed by well-defined ruthenium complexes, are discussed. Broadly, these concern the processes of pre-catalyst initiation, propagation and decomposition, which all have a considerable impact on the overall efficiency of metathesis reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Nelson
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St Andrews, Fife, KY16 9ST, UK.
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26
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Xing Z, Huang F, Sun C, Zhao X, Liu J, Chen D. Density Functional Theory Study of Rh(III)-Catalyzed C–H Activations and Intermolecular Annulations between Benzamide Derivatives and Allenes. Inorg Chem 2015; 54:3958-69. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b00134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Xing
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials
Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes
for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of
Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial
Key Laboratory of Clean Production of Fine Chemicals, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fang Huang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials
Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes
for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of
Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial
Key Laboratory of Clean Production of Fine Chemicals, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chuanzhi Sun
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials
Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes
for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of
Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial
Key Laboratory of Clean Production of Fine Chemicals, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xue Zhao
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials
Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes
for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of
Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial
Key Laboratory of Clean Production of Fine Chemicals, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianbiao Liu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials
Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes
for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of
Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial
Key Laboratory of Clean Production of Fine Chemicals, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dezhan Chen
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials
Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes
for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of
Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial
Key Laboratory of Clean Production of Fine Chemicals, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, People’s Republic of China
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27
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Herbert MB, Grubbs RH. Z-Selective Cross Metathesis with Ruthenium Catalysts: Synthetic Applications and Mechanistic Implications. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:5018-24. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201411588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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28
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Herbert MB, Grubbs RH. Z-Selektive Kreuzmetathese mit Ruthenium-Katalysatoren: Anwendung in der Synthese und mechanistische Aspekte. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201411588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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29
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Pribisko MA, Ahmed TS, Grubbs RH. Z-Selective Ruthenium Metathesis Catalysts: Comparison of Nitrate and Nitrite X-type Ligands. Polyhedron 2014; 84:144-149. [PMID: 25484484 PMCID: PMC4254782 DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2014.06.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Two new Ru-based metathesis catalysts, 3 and 4, have been synthesized for the purpose of comparing their catalytic properties to those of their cis-selective nitrate analogues, 1 and 2. Although catalysts 3 and 4 exhibited slower initiation rates than 1 and 2, they maintained high cis-selectivity in homodimerization and ring-opening metathesis polymerization reactions. Furthermore, the nitrite catalysts displayed higher cis-selectivity than 2 for ring-opening metathesis polymerizations, and 4 delivered higher yields of polymer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie A. Pribisko
- Arnold and Mabel Beckman Laboratories of Chemical Synthesis, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125
| | - Tonia S. Ahmed
- Arnold and Mabel Beckman Laboratories of Chemical Synthesis, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125
| | - Robert H. Grubbs
- Arnold and Mabel Beckman Laboratories of Chemical Synthesis, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125
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30
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Ban SR, Wang HN, Toader V, Bohle DS, Li CJ. Switching the Z/E Selectivity in the Palladium(II)-Catalyzed Decarboxylative Heck Arylations of trans-Cinnamaldehydes by Solvent. Org Lett 2014; 16:6282-5. [DOI: 10.1021/ol502955r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Rong Ban
- Department
of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0B8, Canada
- School
of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hai-Ning Wang
- Department
of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Violeta Toader
- Department
of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - D. Scott Bohle
- Department
of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Chao-Jun Li
- Department
of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0B8, Canada
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31
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Herndon JW. The chemistry of the carbon-transition metal double and triple bond: Annual survey covering the year 2012. Coord Chem Rev 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2014.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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32
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Nelson JW, Grundy LM, Dang Y, Wang ZX, Wang X. Mechanism of Z-Selective Olefin Metathesis Catalyzed by a Ruthenium Monothiolate Carbene Complex: A DFT Study. Organometallics 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/om500612r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- John W. Nelson
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Colorado Denver, Campus Box 194, P.O. Box 173364, Denver, Colorado 80217-3364, United States
| | - Lara M. Grundy
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Colorado Denver, Campus Box 194, P.O. Box 173364, Denver, Colorado 80217-3364, United States
| | - Yanfeng Dang
- College
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Xiang Wang
- College
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaotai Wang
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Colorado Denver, Campus Box 194, P.O. Box 173364, Denver, Colorado 80217-3364, United States
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33
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Marx FTI, Jordaan JHL, Lachmann G, Vosloo HCM. A comparison of low and high activity precatalysts: do the calculated energy barriers during the self-metathesis reaction of 1-octene correlate with the precatalyst metathesis activity? J Comput Chem 2014; 35:1464-71. [PMID: 24866263 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.23642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2013] [Revised: 05/05/2014] [Accepted: 05/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The self-metathesis reaction of 1-octene with several well-known Grubbs-type precatalysts and the new Z-selective Grubbs precatalyst were studied with molecular modeling. The obtained Gibbs-free energy values for all the steps during the productive metathesis of 1-octene were compared to the values obtained for some low catalytic activity precatalysts. Determining how the Gibbs-free energy values of highly active precatalysts compare to that of low catalytic activity precatalysts gave a deeper insight into the mechanism. The questionable correlation of the theoretically observed trends with those obtained experimentally does point to the need to be very cautious when making assumptions from theoretical results without a sufficiently large dataset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frans T I Marx
- Research Focus Area for Chemical Resource Beneficiation:, Catalysis and Synthesis Group, North-West University, Hoffmann Street, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa
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34
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Marx FTI, Jordaan JHL, Lachmann G, Vosloo HCM. A molecular modeling study of the changes of some steric properties of the precatalysts during the olefin metathesis reaction. J Comput Chem 2014; 35:1457-63. [PMID: 24866082 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.23641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2013] [Revised: 05/05/2014] [Accepted: 05/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The productive self-metathesis of 1-octene with a series of new phosphine ligated Grubbs-type precatalysts was studied. The resulting structures were used to compare some steric properties of the new precatalysts with those of well-known precatalysts. The possibility of α-CC agnostic stabilization as well as the ability of the ligands to shield the metal was studied. A comparison of the obtained data, pointed to the unlikelihood that α-CC agostic stabilization is a major contribution to the stabilization of the various metallacyclobutane rings. The similarity in the ability of the ligands to shield the metal also raised questions about the comparison of experimentally observed trends with those obtained theoretically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frans T I Marx
- Research Focus Area for Chemical Resource Beneficiation: Catalysis and Synthesis Group, North-West University, Hoffmann Street, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa
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35
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Occhipinti G, Koudriavtsev V, Törnroos KW, Jensen VR. Theory-assisted development of a robust and Z-selective olefin metathesis catalyst. Dalton Trans 2014; 43:11106-17. [PMID: 24788021 DOI: 10.1039/c4dt00409d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
DFT calculations have predicted a new, highly Z-selective ruthenium-based olefin metathesis catalyst that is considerably more robust than the recently reported (SIMes)(Cl)(RS)RuCH(o-OiPrC6H4) (3a, SIMes = 1,3-dimesityl-4,5-dihydroimidazol-2-ylidene, R = 2,4,6-triphenylbenzene) [J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2013, 135, 3331]. Replacing the chloride of 3a by an isocyanate ligand to give 5a was predicted to increase the stability of the complex considerably, at the same time moderately improving the Z-selectivity. Compound 5a is easily prepared in a two-step synthesis starting from the Hoveyda-Grubbs second-generation catalyst 3. In agreement with the calculations, the isocyanate-substituted 5a appears to be somewhat more Z-selective than the chloride analogue 3a. More importantly, 5a can be used in air, with unpurified and non-degassed substrates and solvents, and in the presence of acids. These are traits that are unprecedented among highly Z-selective olefin metathesis catalysts and also very promising with respect to applications of the new catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Occhipinti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, 5007 Bergen, Norway.
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36
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Dang Y, Qu S, Wang ZX, Wang X. A Computational Mechanistic Study of an Unprecedented Heck-Type Relay Reaction: Insight into the Origins of Regio- and Enantioselectivities. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:986-98. [DOI: 10.1021/ja410118m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanfeng Dang
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuanglin Qu
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Xiang Wang
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin 300072, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaotai Wang
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Colorado, Denver, Campus Box 194, P.O. Box 173364, Denver, Colorado 80217-3364, United States
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37
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Liu LL, Yuan H, Fu T, Wang T, Gao X, Zeng Z, Zhu J, Zhao Y. Double role of the hydroxy group of phosphoryl in palladium(II)-catalyzed ortho-olefination: a combined experimental and theoretical investigation. J Org Chem 2013; 79:80-7. [PMID: 24308311 DOI: 10.1021/jo402307x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Density functional theory calculations have been carried out on Pd-catalyzed phosphoryl-directed ortho-olefination to probe the origin of the significant reactivity difference between methyl hydrogen benzylphosphonates and dimethyl benzylphosphonates. The overall catalytic cycle is found to include four basic steps: C-H bond activation, transmetalation, reductive elimination, and recycling of catalyst, each of which is constituted from different steps. Our calculations reveal that the hydroxy group of phosphoryl plays a crucial role almost in all steps, which can not only stabilize the intermediates and transition states by intramolecular hydrogen bonds but also act as a proton donor so that the η(1)-CH3COO(-) ligand could be protonated to form a neutral acetic acid for easy removal. These findings explain why only the methyl hydrogen benzylphosphonates and methyl hydrogen phenylphosphates were found to be suitable reaction partners. Our mechanistic findings are further supported by theoretical prediction of Pd-catalyzed ortho-olefination using methyl hydrogen phenylphosphonate, which is verified by experimental observations that the desired product was formed in a moderate yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Leo Liu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005, Fujian, China
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38
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Shahane S, Bruneau C, Fischmeister C. ZSelectivity: Recent Advances in one of the Current Major Challenges of Olefin Metathesis. ChemCatChem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201300688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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39
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Endo K, Herbert MB, Grubbs RH. Investigations into Ruthenium Metathesis Catalysts with Six-Membered Chelating NHC Ligands: Relationship between Catalyst Structure and Stereoselectivity. Organometallics 2013; 32. [PMID: 24244062 DOI: 10.1021/om4006966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A series of ruthenium catalysts bearing five-membered chelating NHC architectures that exhibit very high Z-selectivity in a variety of metathesis reactions have recently been reported. It was envisioned that catalysts possessing sixmembered chelates could similarly exhibit high Z-selectivity and address limitations of this methodology. We thus prepared a number of new catalysts and systematically investigated the impact of the NHC and anionic ligand on their stereoselectivity. In standard metathesis assays, only catalysts containing six-membered chelated NHC structures and η2-bound anionic ligands favored the Z-olefin products compared to traditional ruthenium catalysts. In addition, substitution with bulkier N-aryl groups led to improved Z-selectivity. The effect of ligand structure on stereoselectivity discovered in this study will be useful in the future design of highly active and Z-selective ruthenium catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Endo
- Arnold and Mabel Beckman Laboratory of Chemical Synthesis, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
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40
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Deraedt C, d'Halluin M, Astruc D. Metathesis Reactions: Recent Trends and Challenges. Eur J Inorg Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201300682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Miyazaki H, Herbert MB, Liu P, Dong X, Xu X, Keitz BK, Ung T, Mkrtumyan G, Houk KN, Grubbs RH. Z-Selective ethenolysis with a ruthenium metathesis catalyst: experiment and theory. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:5848-58. [PMID: 23547887 DOI: 10.1021/ja4010267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The Z-selective ethenolysis activity of chelated ruthenium metathesis catalysts was investigated with experiment and theory. A five-membered chelated catalyst that was successfully employed in Z-selective cross metathesis reactions has now been found to be highly active for Z-selective ethenolysis at low ethylene pressures, while tolerating a wide variety of functional groups. This phenomenon also affects its activity in cross metathesis reactions and prohibits crossover reactions of internal olefins via trisubstituted ruthenacyclobutane intermediates. In contrast, a related catalyst containing a six-membered chelated architecture is not active for ethenolysis and seems to react through different pathways more reminiscent of previous generations of ruthenium catalysts. Computational investigations of the effects of substitution on relevant transition states and ruthenacyclobutane intermediates revealed that the differences of activities are attributed to the steric repulsions of the anionic ligand with the chelating groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Miyazaki
- Arnold and Mabel Beckman Laboratory of Chemical Synthesis, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
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