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Cheng C, Yu Y, Gao Y, Li YP, Han XL, Luo J, Deng L. Catalytic Asymmetric Construction of Chiral Amines with Three Nonadjacent Stereocenters via Trifunctional Catalysis. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:9356-9364. [PMID: 38502531 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c01671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Pharmaceuticals and biologically active natural products usually contain multiple stereocenters. The development of catalytic asymmetric reactions for the direct construction of complex motifs containing three nonadjacent stereocenters is a particularly important and formidable challenge. In this paper, we report an unprecedented method for the direct asymmetric construction of complex chiral amines with 1,3,5- or 1,3,4-stereocenters from readily available achiral and racemic starting materials. The reaction was made possible by the development of highly efficient chiral ammonium catalysts that serve three distinct functions: promoting efficient kinetic resolution by chiral recognition of racemic electrophiles, promoting asymmetric C-C bond forming reactions by recognizing enantiotropic faces of achiral nucleophiles, and mediating a highly stereoselective protonation of carbanions. Using these trifunctional catalysts, the reaction of imines and tulipane derivatives proceeded in a highly regio-, chemo-, and stereoselective manner to produce synthetically useful yields of complex chiral amines. We believe that trifunctional catalysis can be applied in a variety of asymmetric transformations for the streamlined asymmetric synthesis of complex chiral molecules with multiple stereocenters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
- Key Laboratory of Precise Synthesis of Functional Molecules of Zhejiang Province, Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, 600 Dunyu Road, Hangzhou 310030, Zhejiang Province China
| | - Yang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Precise Synthesis of Functional Molecules of Zhejiang Province, Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, 600 Dunyu Road, Hangzhou 310030, Zhejiang Province China
| | - Yuhong Gao
- Key Laboratory of Precise Synthesis of Functional Molecules of Zhejiang Province, Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, 600 Dunyu Road, Hangzhou 310030, Zhejiang Province China
| | - Yi-Pan Li
- Key Laboratory of Precise Synthesis of Functional Molecules of Zhejiang Province, Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, 600 Dunyu Road, Hangzhou 310030, Zhejiang Province China
| | - Xiang-Lei Han
- Key Laboratory of Precise Synthesis of Functional Molecules of Zhejiang Province, Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, 600 Dunyu Road, Hangzhou 310030, Zhejiang Province China
| | - Jisheng Luo
- Key Laboratory of Precise Synthesis of Functional Molecules of Zhejiang Province, Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, 600 Dunyu Road, Hangzhou 310030, Zhejiang Province China
| | - Li Deng
- Key Laboratory of Precise Synthesis of Functional Molecules of Zhejiang Province, Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, 600 Dunyu Road, Hangzhou 310030, Zhejiang Province China
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2
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Fouilloux H, Thomas CM. Production and Polymerization of Biobased Acrylates and Analogs. Macromol Rapid Commun 2021; 42:e2000530. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.202000530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Fouilloux
- PSL University Chimie ParisTech CNRS Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris Paris 75005 France
| | - Christophe M. Thomas
- PSL University Chimie ParisTech CNRS Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris Paris 75005 France
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3
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Teator AJ, Varner TP, Knutson PC, Sorensen CC, Leibfarth FA. 100th Anniversary of Macromolecular Science Viewpoint: The Past, Present, and Future of Stereocontrolled Vinyl Polymerization. ACS Macro Lett 2020; 9:1638-1654. [PMID: 35617075 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.0c00664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The thermomechanical properties exhibited by synthetic macromolecules can be directly linked to their tacticity, or the relative stereochemistry of repeat units. The development of stereoselective coordination-insertion polymerization, for example, led to the discovery of isotactic polypropylene, now one of the most widely produced commodity plastics in the world. Widespread interest in controlling polymer tacticity has led to a variety of stereoselective polymerization methodologies; however, this area of polymer science has lagged behind when compared to the ability to control molecular weight, dispersity, and composition. Despite decades of advancements, many stereoregular vinyl polymers remain unknown, particularly those comprised of polar functionality or derived from renewable resources. This Viewpoint provides an overview of recent developments in stereocontrolled polymerization, with an emphasis on propagation mechanism, and highlights successes, limitations, and future challenges for continued innovation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron J. Teator
- Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Travis P. Varner
- Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Phil C. Knutson
- Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Cole C. Sorensen
- Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Frank A. Leibfarth
- Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
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4
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Varner TP, Teator AJ, Reddi Y, Jacky PE, Cramer CJ, Leibfarth FA. Mechanistic Insight into the Stereoselective Cationic Polymerization of Vinyl Ethers. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:17175-17186. [PMID: 32986420 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c08254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The control of the tacticity of synthetic polymers enables the realization of emergent physical properties from readily available starting materials. While stereodefined polymers derived from nonpolar vinyl monomers can be efficiently prepared using early transition metal catalysts, general methods for the stereoselective polymerization of polar vinyl monomers remain underdeveloped. We recently demonstrated asymmetric ion pairing catalysis as an effective approach to achieve stereoselective cationic polymerization of vinyl ethers. Herein, we provide a deeper understanding of stereoselective ion-pairing polymerization through comprehensive experimental and computational studies. These findings demonstrate the importance of ligand deceleration effects for the identification of reaction conditions that enhance stereoselectivity, which was supported by computational studies that identified the solution-state catalyst structure. An evaluation of monomer substrates with systematic variations in steric parameters and functional group identities established key structure-reactivity relationships for stereoselective homo- and copolymerization. Expansion of the monomer scope to include enantioenriched vinyl ethers enabled the preparation of an isotactic poly(vinyl ether) with the highest stereoselectivity (95.1% ± 0.1 meso diads) reported to date, which occurred when monomer and catalyst stereochemistry were fully matched under a triple diastereocontrol model. The more complete understanding of stereoselective cationic polymerization reported herein offers a foundation for the design of improved catalytic systems and for the translation of isotactic poly(vinyl ether)s to applied areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Travis P Varner
- Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Aaron J Teator
- Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Yernaidu Reddi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Paige E Jacky
- Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Christopher J Cramer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Frank A Leibfarth
- Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
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5
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Wang Z, Poli R, Detrembleur C, Debuigne A. Organometallic-Mediated Radical (Co)polymerization of γ-Methylene-γ-Butyrolactone: Access to pH-Responsive Poly(vinyl alcohol) Derivatives. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b01838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoqun Wang
- Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules (CERM), CESAM Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, University of Liege, Allée de la Chimie B6A, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Rinaldo Poli
- CNRS, LCC (Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination) and Université de Toulouse, UPS, INPT, 205 route de Narbonne, BP 44099, 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
- Institut Universitaire de France, 1, rue Descartes, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Christophe Detrembleur
- Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules (CERM), CESAM Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, University of Liege, Allée de la Chimie B6A, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Antoine Debuigne
- Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules (CERM), CESAM Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, University of Liege, Allée de la Chimie B6A, 4000 Liège, Belgium
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Trotta JT, Jin M, Stawiasz KJ, Michaudel Q, Chen WL, Fors BP. Synthesis of methylene butyrolactone polymers from itaconic acid. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.28654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jacob T. Trotta
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology; Cornell University; Ithaca New York 14853
| | - Mengyuan Jin
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology; Cornell University; Ithaca New York 14853
| | - Katherine J. Stawiasz
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology; Cornell University; Ithaca New York 14853
| | - Quentin Michaudel
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology; Cornell University; Ithaca New York 14853
| | - Wei-Liang Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; Cornell University; Ithaca New York 14853
| | - Brett P. Fors
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology; Cornell University; Ithaca New York 14853
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Tang X, Hong M, Falivene L, Caporaso L, Cavallo L, Chen EYX. The Quest for Converting Biorenewable Bifunctional α-Methylene-γ-butyrolactone into Degradable and Recyclable Polyester: Controlling Vinyl-Addition/Ring-Opening/Cross-Linking Pathways. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:14326-14337. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b07974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Tang
- Department
of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1872, United States
| | - Miao Hong
- Department
of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1872, United States
| | - Laura Falivene
- Physical
Sciences and Engineering Division, Kaust Catalysis Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lucia Caporaso
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Biologia, Università di Salerno, Via Papa
Paolo Giovanni II, I-84084, Fisciano, Italy
| | - Luigi Cavallo
- Physical
Sciences and Engineering Division, Kaust Catalysis Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Biologia, Università di Salerno, Via Papa
Paolo Giovanni II, I-84084, Fisciano, Italy
| | - Eugene Y.-X. Chen
- Department
of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1872, United States
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Xu TQ, Liu JH, Liu Y. Half-metallocene complexes of yttrium with amidinate ligands: Monoalkyl yttrium formation and C–H bond activation. Polyhedron 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2016.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Soller BS, Salzinger S, Rieger B. Rare Earth Metal-Mediated Precision Polymerization of Vinylphosphonates and Conjugated Nitrogen-Containing Vinyl Monomers. Chem Rev 2015; 116:1993-2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Benedikt S. Soller
- WACKER-Lehrstuhl
für Makromolekulare Chemie, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748 Garching bei München, Germany
| | - Stephan Salzinger
- Advanced Materials & Systems Research, BASF SE, GME/D-B001, 67056 Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Germany
| | - Bernhard Rieger
- WACKER-Lehrstuhl
für Makromolekulare Chemie, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748 Garching bei München, Germany
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Xu T, Liu J, Lu XB. Highly Active Half-Metallocene Yttrium Catalysts for Living and Chemoselective Polymerization of Allyl Methacrylate. Macromolecules 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.5b01517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tieqi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine
Chemicals, College of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P. R. China
| | - Junhu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine
Chemicals, College of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Bing Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine
Chemicals, College of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P. R. China
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12
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Edelmann FT. Lanthanides and actinides: Annual survey of their organometallic chemistry covering the year 2013. Coord Chem Rev 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2014.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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13
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Tang J, Chen EYX. Organopolymerization of naturally occurring Tulipalin B: a hydroxyl-functionalized methylene butyrolactone. Org Chem Front 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5qo00262a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Naturally occurring, OH-containing, tri-functional Tulipalin B has been successfully polymerized by N-heterocyclic carbene and phosphazene superbase catalysts into polymers with Mn up to 13.2 kg mol−1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Tang
- Department of Chemistry
- Colorado State University
- Fort Collins
- USA
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14
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Altenbuchner PT, Soller BS, Kissling S, Bachmann T, Kronast A, Vagin SI, Rieger B. Versatile 2-Methoxyethylaminobis(phenolate)yttrium Catalysts: Catalytic Precision Polymerization of Polar Monomers via Rare Earth Metal-Mediated Group Transfer Polymerization. Macromolecules 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/ma501754u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter T. Altenbuchner
- WACKER-Lehrstuhl für
Makromolekulare Chemie, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße
4, 85748 Garching
bei München, Germany
| | - Benedikt S. Soller
- WACKER-Lehrstuhl für
Makromolekulare Chemie, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße
4, 85748 Garching
bei München, Germany
| | - Stefan Kissling
- WACKER-Lehrstuhl für
Makromolekulare Chemie, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße
4, 85748 Garching
bei München, Germany
| | - Thomas Bachmann
- WACKER-Lehrstuhl für
Makromolekulare Chemie, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße
4, 85748 Garching
bei München, Germany
| | - Alexander Kronast
- WACKER-Lehrstuhl für
Makromolekulare Chemie, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße
4, 85748 Garching
bei München, Germany
| | - Sergei I. Vagin
- WACKER-Lehrstuhl für
Makromolekulare Chemie, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße
4, 85748 Garching
bei München, Germany
| | - Bernhard Rieger
- WACKER-Lehrstuhl für
Makromolekulare Chemie, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße
4, 85748 Garching
bei München, Germany
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Gowda RR, Caporaso L, Cavallo L, Chen EYX. Unusual C–C Bond Cleavage in the Formation of Amine-Bis(phenoxy) Group 4 Benzyl Complexes: Mechanism of Formation and Application to Stereospecific Polymerization. Organometallics 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/om500661y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ravikumar R. Gowda
- Department
of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1872, United States
| | - Lucia Caporaso
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Biologia, Università di Salerno, Via Giovanni
Paolo II, I-84084, Fisciano, Italy
| | - Luigi Cavallo
- Physical
Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Kaust Catalysis Center, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eugene Y.-X. Chen
- Department
of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1872, United States
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Gowda RR, Chen EYX. Synthesis of β-methyl-α-methylene-γ-butyrolactone from biorenewable itaconic acid. Org Chem Front 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3qo00089c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Zhang Y, Chen EYX. Polymerization of nonfood biomass-derived monomers to sustainable polymers. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2014; 353:185-227. [PMID: 24699900 DOI: 10.1007/128_2014_539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The development of sustainable routes to fine chemicals, liquid fuels, and polymeric materials from natural resources has attracted significant attention from academia, industry, the general public, and governments owing to dwindling fossil resources, surging energy demand, global warming concerns, and other environmental problems. Cellulosic material, such as grasses, trees, corn stover, or wheat straw, is the most abundant nonfood renewable biomass resources on earth. Such annually renewable material can potentially meet our future needs with a low carbon footprint if it can be efficiently converted into fuels, value added chemicals, or polymeric materials. This chapter focuses on various renewable monomers derived directly from cellulose or cellulose platforms and corresponding sustainable polymers or copolymers produced therefrom. Recent advances related to the polymerization processes and the properties of novel biomass-derived polymers are also reviewed and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuetao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, People's Republic of China,
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