1
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Selective N-Alkylation of 2-Amino-4H-chromene-3-carbonitrile Derivatives with Alcohols Catalyzed by AlCl3 Under the Assistance of CH3COOH. Chem Res Chin Univ 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s40242-019-9248-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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2
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Dagnaw WM, Lu Y, Zhao R, Wang ZX. DFT Study of PNP-Mn-Catalyzed Acceptorless Dehydrogenative Coupling of Primary Alcohols with Hydrazine to Give Alkene or Azine. Organometallics 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.9b00429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wasihun Menberu Dagnaw
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yu Lu
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ruihua Zhao
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhi-Xiang Wang
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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3
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4
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Li H, Gonçalves TP, Lupp D, Huang KW. PN3(P)-Pincer Complexes: Cooperative Catalysis and Beyond. ACS Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b04495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huaifeng Li
- KAUST Catalysis Center and Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Théo P. Gonçalves
- KAUST Catalysis Center and Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Daniel Lupp
- KAUST Catalysis Center and Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kuo-Wei Huang
- KAUST Catalysis Center and Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
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5
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Ke Z, Li Y, Hou C, Liu Y. Homogeneously catalyzed hydrogenation and dehydrogenation reactions – From a mechanistic point of view. PHYSICAL SCIENCES REVIEWS 2018. [DOI: 10.1515/psr-2017-0038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Homogeneously catalyzed hydrogenation/dehydrogenation reactions represent not only one of the most synthetically important chemical transformations, but also a promising way to renewably utilize the hydrogen energy. In order to rationally design efficient homogeneous catalysts for hydrogenations/dehydrogenations, it is of fundamental importance to understand their reaction mechanisms in detail. With this aim in mind, we herein provide a brief overview of the mechanistic understanding and related catalyst design strategies. Hydrogenations and dehydrogenations represent the reverse process of each other, and involve the activation/release of H2 and the insertion/elimination of hydride as major steps. The mechanisms discussed in this chapter include the cooperation (bifunctional) mechanism and the non-cooperation mechanisms. Non-cooperation mechanisms usually involve single-site transition metal (TM) catalysts or transition metal hydride (TM-H) catalysts. Cooperation mechanisms usually operate in the state-of-the-art bifunctional catalysts, including Lewis-base/transition-metal (LB-TM) catalysts, Lewis-acid/transition-metal (LA-TM) catalysts, Lewis-acid/Lewis-base (LA-LB; the so-called frustrated Lewis pairs - FLPs) catalysts, newly developed ambiphilic catalysts, and bimetallic transition-metal/transition-metal (TM-TM) catalysts. The influence of the ligands, the electronic structure of the metal, and proton shuttle on the reaction mechanism are also discussed to improve the understanding of the factors that can govern mechanistic preferences. The content presented in this chapter should both inspire experimental and theoretical chemists concerned with homogeneously catalyzed hydrogenation and dehydrogenation reactions, and provide valuable information for future catalyst design.
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6
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Li L, Luo Q, Cui H, Li R, Zhang J, Peng T. Air-stable Ruthenium(II)-NNN Pincer Complexes for the Efficient Coupling of Aromatic Diamines and Alcohols to 1H
-benzo[d
]imidazoles with the Liberation of H2. ChemCatChem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201800017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Li
- College of Chemistry&Molecular Sciences; Wuhan University; Wuhan 430072 P.R. China
| | - Qi Luo
- College of Chemistry&Molecular Sciences; Wuhan University; Wuhan 430072 P.R. China
| | - Huahua Cui
- College of Chemistry&Molecular Sciences; Wuhan University; Wuhan 430072 P.R. China
| | - Renjie Li
- College of Chemistry&Molecular Sciences; Wuhan University; Wuhan 430072 P.R. China
| | - Jing Zhang
- College of Chemistry&Molecular Sciences; Wuhan University; Wuhan 430072 P.R. China
| | - Tianyou Peng
- College of Chemistry&Molecular Sciences; Wuhan University; Wuhan 430072 P.R. China
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7
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Jiménez MV, Fernández-Tornos J, González-Lainez M, Sánchez-Page B, Modrego FJ, Oro LA, Pérez-Torrente JJ. Mechanistic studies on the N-alkylation of amines with alcohols catalysed by iridium(i) complexes with functionalised N-heterocyclic carbene ligands. Catal Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cy02488f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Experimental and theoretical studies give support for an iridium-catalyzed C–N bond formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Victoria Jiménez
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH-CSIC)
- University of Zaragoza
- Zaragoza
- Spain
| | - Javier Fernández-Tornos
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH-CSIC)
- University of Zaragoza
- Zaragoza
- Spain
| | - Miguel González-Lainez
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH-CSIC)
- University of Zaragoza
- Zaragoza
- Spain
| | - Beatriz Sánchez-Page
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH-CSIC)
- University of Zaragoza
- Zaragoza
- Spain
| | - F. Javier Modrego
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH-CSIC)
- University of Zaragoza
- Zaragoza
- Spain
| | - Luis A. Oro
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH-CSIC)
- University of Zaragoza
- Zaragoza
- Spain
| | - Jesús J. Pérez-Torrente
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH-CSIC)
- University of Zaragoza
- Zaragoza
- Spain
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8
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Lu Y, Gao ZH, Chen XY, Guo J, Liu Z, Dang Y, Ye S, Wang ZX. Formylation or methylation: what determines the chemoselectivity of the reaction of amine, CO 2, and hydrosilane catalyzed by 1,3,2-diazaphospholene? Chem Sci 2017; 8:7637-7650. [PMID: 29568428 PMCID: PMC5849201 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc00824d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
DFT computations have been performed to gain insight into the mechanisms of formylation/methylation of amines (e.g. methylaniline (1a)/2,2,4,4-tetramethylpiperidine (2a)) with CO2 and hydrosilane ([Si]H2, [Si] = Ph2Si), catalyzed by 1,3,2-diazaphospholene ([NHP]H). Different from the generally proposed sequential mechanism for the methylation of amine with CO2, i.e. methylation proceeds via formylation, followed by further reduction of formamide to give an N-methylated amine, the study characterized a competition mechanism between formylation and methylation. The chemoselectivity originates from the competition between the amine and [NHP]H hydride to attack the formyloxy carbon of [Si](OCHO)2 (the insertion product of CO2 into [Si]H2). When the attack of an amine (e.g.1a) wins, the transformation affords formamide (1b) but would otherwise (e.g.2a) result in an N-methylated amine (2c). The reduction of formamide by [Si]H2 or [NHP]H is highly unfavorable kinetically, thus we call attention to the sequential mechanism for understanding the methylation of amine with CO2. In addition, the study has the following key mechanistic findings. The activation of CO2 by [NHP]H establishes an equilibrium: [NHP]H + CO2 ⇄ [NHP]OCHO ⇄ [NHP]+ + HCO2-. The ions play catalytic roles to promote formylation via HCO2- or methylation via[NHP]+ . In 1a formylation, HCO2- initiates the reaction, giving 1b and silanol byproducts. However, after the initiation, the silanol byproducts acting as hydrogen transfer shuttles are more effective than HCO2- to promote formylation. In 2a methylation, [NHP]+ promotes the generation of the key species, formaldehyde and a carbocation species (IM17+ ). Our experimental study corroborates our computed mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Lu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China .
| | - Zhong-Hua Gao
- Institute of Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , 100190 , China .
| | - Xiang-Yu Chen
- Institute of Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , 100190 , China .
| | - Jiandong Guo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China .
| | - Zheyuan Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China .
| | - Yanfeng Dang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China .
| | - Song Ye
- Institute of Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , 100190 , China .
| | - Zhi-Xiang Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China .
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9
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry G. Gusev
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, Wilfird Laurier University, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3C5, Canada
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10
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Gusev DG. Dehydrogenative Coupling of Ethanol and Ester Hydrogenation Catalyzed by Pincer-Type YNP Complexes. ACS Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.6b02324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry G. Gusev
- Wilfrid Laurier University, Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 75 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3C5, Canada
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11
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Hasanayn F, Al-Assi LM, Moussawi RN, Omar BS. Mechanism of Alcohol–Water Dehydrogenative Coupling into Carboxylic Acid Using Milstein’s Catalyst: A Detailed Investigation of the Outer-Sphere PES in the Reaction of Aldehydes with an Octahedral Ruthenium Hydroxide. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:7886-902. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b00766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Faraj Hasanayn
- Department of Chemistry, The American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Lara M. Al-Assi
- Department of Chemistry, The American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Rasha N. Moussawi
- Department of Chemistry, The American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Boushra Srour Omar
- Department of Chemistry, The American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
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12
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Hou C, Zhang Z, Zhao C, Ke Z. DFT Study of Acceptorless Alcohol Dehydrogenation Mediated by Ruthenium Pincer Complexes: Ligand Tautomerization Governing Metal Ligand Cooperation. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:6539-51. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b00723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Hou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic
and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Zhihan Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic
and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Cunyuan Zhao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic
and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Zhuofeng Ke
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic
and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
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13
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Bhunya S, Roy L, Paul A. Mechanistic Details of Ru–Bis(pyridyl)borate Complex Catalyzed Dehydrogenation of Ammonia–Borane: Role of the Pendant Boron Ligand in Catalysis. ACS Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.5b02616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sourav Bhunya
- Raman Centre for Atomic,
Molecular and Optical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700 032, India
| | - Lisa Roy
- Raman Centre for Atomic,
Molecular and Optical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700 032, India
| | - Ankan Paul
- Raman Centre for Atomic,
Molecular and Optical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700 032, India
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14
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Feller M, Gellrich U, Anaby A, Diskin-Posner Y, Milstein D. Reductive Cleavage of CO2 by Metal–Ligand-Cooperation Mediated by an Iridium Pincer Complex. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:6445-54. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b00202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Moran Feller
- Departments of †Organic Chemistry and ‡Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Urs Gellrich
- Departments of †Organic Chemistry and ‡Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Aviel Anaby
- Departments of †Organic Chemistry and ‡Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Yael Diskin-Posner
- Departments of †Organic Chemistry and ‡Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - David Milstein
- Departments of †Organic Chemistry and ‡Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
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15
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Zhang DD, Chen XK, Liu HL, Huang XR. DFT study on the iridium-catalyzed multi-alkylation of alcohol with ammonia. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra19175d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The catalytic mechanism for the multi-alkylation of benzyl alcohols with ammonia catalyzed by the water-soluble catalyst, [Cp*IrIII(NH3)3][I]2, is computationally investigated by density functional theory (DFT).
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Dan Zhang
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Technology Building of Jilin University
- Changchun 130023
- China
| | - Xian-Kai Chen
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Technology Building of Jilin University
- Changchun 130023
- China
| | - Hui-Ling Liu
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Technology Building of Jilin University
- Changchun 130023
- China
| | - Xu-Ri Huang
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Technology Building of Jilin University
- Changchun 130023
- China
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16
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Qu S, Dang Y, Song C, Guo J, Wang ZX. Depolymerization of Oxidized Lignin Catalyzed by Formic Acid Exploits an Unconventional Elimination Mechanism Involving 3c–4e Bonding: A DFT Mechanistic Study. ACS Catal 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.5b01095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuanglin Qu
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yanfeng Dang
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Chunyu Song
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jiandong Guo
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhi-Xiang Wang
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin, 300072, China
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17
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Li H, Hall MB. Computational Mechanistic Studies on Reactions of Transition Metal Complexes with Noninnocent Pincer Ligands: Aromatization–Dearomatization or Not. ACS Catal 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/cs501875z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Haixia Li
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3255, United States
| | - Michael B. Hall
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3255, United States
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18
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Langer R, Gese A, Gesevičius D, Jost M, Langer BR, Schneck F, Venker A, Xu W. Formation of Different Isomers of Phosphine–Imidazolyl and –Pyridyl Ruthenium(II) Complexes Affecting the Catalyst Activity in the Acceptorless Dehydrogenation of Alcohols. Eur J Inorg Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201402970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Langer
- Department of Chemistry, Philipps‐Universität Marburg, Hans‐Meerwein‐Strasse, 35043 Marburg, Germany, http://www.uni‐marburg.de/fb15/ag‐langer
- Lehn Institute of Functional Materials (LIFM), Sun Yat‐Sen University (SYSU), Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Alexander Gese
- Department of Chemistry, Philipps‐Universität Marburg, Hans‐Meerwein‐Strasse, 35043 Marburg, Germany, http://www.uni‐marburg.de/fb15/ag‐langer
| | - Donatas Gesevičius
- Department of Chemistry, Philipps‐Universität Marburg, Hans‐Meerwein‐Strasse, 35043 Marburg, Germany, http://www.uni‐marburg.de/fb15/ag‐langer
| | - Maximilian Jost
- Department of Chemistry, Philipps‐Universität Marburg, Hans‐Meerwein‐Strasse, 35043 Marburg, Germany, http://www.uni‐marburg.de/fb15/ag‐langer
| | - Bastian R. Langer
- Department of Chemistry, Philipps‐Universität Marburg, Hans‐Meerwein‐Strasse, 35043 Marburg, Germany, http://www.uni‐marburg.de/fb15/ag‐langer
| | - Felix Schneck
- Department of Chemistry, Philipps‐Universität Marburg, Hans‐Meerwein‐Strasse, 35043 Marburg, Germany, http://www.uni‐marburg.de/fb15/ag‐langer
| | - Alexander Venker
- Department of Chemistry, Philipps‐Universität Marburg, Hans‐Meerwein‐Strasse, 35043 Marburg, Germany, http://www.uni‐marburg.de/fb15/ag‐langer
| | - Weiqin Xu
- Lehn Institute of Functional Materials (LIFM), Sun Yat‐Sen University (SYSU), Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
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19
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Olsen EPK, Singh T, Harris P, Andersson PG, Madsen R. Experimental and theoretical mechanistic investigation of the iridium-catalyzed dehydrogenative decarbonylation of primary alcohols. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:834-42. [PMID: 25545272 DOI: 10.1021/ja5106943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The mechanism for the iridium-BINAP catalyzed dehydrogenative decarbonylation of primary alcohols with the liberation of molecular hydrogen and carbon monoxide was studied experimentally and computationally. The reaction takes place by tandem catalysis through two catalytic cycles involving dehydrogenation of the alcohol and decarbonylation of the resulting aldehyde. The square planar complex IrCl(CO)(rac-BINAP) was isolated from the reaction between [Ir(cod)Cl]2, rac-BINAP, and benzyl alcohol. The complex was catalytically active and applied in the study of the individual steps in the catalytic cycles. One carbon monoxide ligand was shown to remain coordinated to iridium throughout the reaction, and release of carbon monoxide was suggested to occur from a dicarbonyl complex. IrH2Cl(CO)(rac-BINAP) was also synthesized and detected in the dehydrogenation of benzyl alcohol. In the same experiment, IrHCl2(CO)(rac-BINAP) was detected from the release of HCl in the dehydrogenation and subsequent reaction with IrCl(CO)(rac-BINAP). This indicated a substitution of chloride with the alcohol to form a square planar iridium alkoxo complex that could undergo a β-hydride elimination. A KIE of 1.0 was determined for the decarbonylation and 1.42 for the overall reaction. Electron rich benzyl alcohols were converted faster than electron poor alcohols, but no electronic effect was found when comparing aldehydes of different electronic character. The lack of electronic and kinetic isotope effects implies a rate-determining phosphine dissociation for the decarbonylation of aldehydes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esben P K Olsen
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark , 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
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20
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Zhang DD, Chen XK, Liu HL, Huang XR. Hydrogen generation from alcohols (α-hydroxy carboxylic acids) and alcohol–ammonia coupling in aqueous media catalysed by water-soluble bipyridine-Cp*Ir (Rh or Os) catalyst: a computational mechanism insight. Mol Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2014.998304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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21
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Ruch S, Irrgang T, Kempe R. New iridium catalysts for the selective alkylation of amines by alcohols under mild conditions and for the synthesis of quinolines by acceptor-less dehydrogenative condensation. Chemistry 2014; 20:13279-85. [PMID: 25186522 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201402952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2014] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
A novel family of iridium catalysts stabilised by P,N-ligands have been introduced. The ligands are based on imidazo[1,5-b]pyridazin-7-amines and can be synthesised with a broad variety of substitution patterns. The catalysts were synthesised quantitatively from the protonated ligands and a commercially available iridium precursor. The catalysts mediate the alkylation of amines by alcohols under mild conditions (70 °C). In addition, the synthesis of quinolines from secondary or primary alcohols and amino alcohols is reported. This sustainable synthesis proceeds through the liberation of two equivalents of water and two equivalents of dihydrogen. The investigations indicate that catalysts suitable for hydrogen autotransfer or borrowing hydrogen chemistry might also be suitable for acceptor-less dehydrogenative condensation reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Ruch
- Lehrstuhl Anorganische Chemie II (Catalyst Design), Universität Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse 30, NW I, 95440 Bayreuth (Germany), Fax: (+49) 921552157
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22
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Forberg D, Obenauf J, Friedrich M, Hühne SM, Mader W, Motz G, Kempe R. The synthesis of pyrroles via acceptorless dehydrogenative condensation of secondary alcohols and 1,2-amino alcohols mediated by a robust and reusable catalyst based on nanometer-sized iridium particles. Catal Sci Technol 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cy01018c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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23
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Hasanayn F, Harb H. A Metathesis Model for the Dehydrogenative Coupling of Amines with Alcohols and Esters into Carboxamides by Milstein’s [Ru(PNN)(CO)(H)] Catalysts. Inorg Chem 2014; 53:8334-49. [DOI: 10.1021/ic500743u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Faraj Hasanayn
- Department of Chemistry, The American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hassan Harb
- Department of Chemistry, The American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
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24
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Song C, Qu S, Tao Y, Dang Y, Wang ZX. DFT Mechanistic Study of RuII-Catalyzed Amide Synthesis from Alcohol and Nitrile Unveils a Different Mechanism for Borrowing Hydrogen. ACS Catal 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/cs5008156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chunyu Song
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shuanglin Qu
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yuan Tao
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yanfeng Dang
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhi-Xiang Wang
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin 300072, China
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25
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Hille T, Irrgang T, Kempe R. The Synthesis of Benzimidazoles and Quinoxalines from Aromatic Diamines and Alcohols by Iridium-Catalyzed Acceptorless Dehydrogenative Alkylation. Chemistry 2014; 20:5569-72. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201400400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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26
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Qu S, Dang Y, Song C, Wen M, Huang KW, Wang ZX. Catalytic Mechanisms of Direct Pyrrole Synthesis via Dehydrogenative Coupling Mediated by PNP-Ir or PNN-Ru Pincer Complexes: Crucial Role of Proton-Transfer Shuttles in the PNP-Ir System. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:4974-91. [DOI: 10.1021/ja411568a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuanglin Qu
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yanfeng Dang
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Chunyu Song
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Mingwei Wen
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Kuo-Wei Huang
- KAUST
Catalysis Center and Division of Physical Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Zhi-Xiang Wang
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Collaborative
Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin, 300072, China
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