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Pinto CB, Dos Santos LHR, Rodrigues BL. Further evaluation of the shape of atomic Hirshfeld surfaces: M...H contacts and homoatomic bonds. Acta Crystallogr C Struct Chem 2024; 80:478-486. [PMID: 39115535 DOI: 10.1107/s2053229624007125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
It is well known that Hirshfeld surfaces provide an easy and straightforward way of analysing intermolecular interactions in the crystal environment. The use of atomic Hirshfeld surfaces has also demonstrated that such surfaces carry information related to chemical bonds which allow a deeper evaluation of the structures. Here we briefly summarize the approach of atomic Hirshfeld surfaces while further evaluating the kind of information that can be retrieved from them. We show that the analysis of the metal-centre Hirshfeld surfaces from structures refined via Hirshfeld Atom Refinement (HAR) allow accurate evaluation of contacts of type M...H, and that such contacts can be related to the overall shape of the surfaces. The compounds analysed were tetraaquabis(3-carboxypropionato)metal(II), [M(C4H3O4)2(H2O)4], for metal(II)/M = manganese/Mn, cobalt/Co, nickel/Ni and zinc/Zn. We also evaluate the sensitivity of the surfaces by an investigation of seemingly flat surfaces through analysis of the curvature functions in the direction of C-C bonds. The obtained values not only demonstrate variations in curvature but also show a correlation with the hybridization of the C atoms involved in the bond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila B Pinto
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Pres. Antônio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Leonardo H R Dos Santos
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Pres. Antônio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Bernardo L Rodrigues
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Pres. Antônio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil
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2
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Lancaster H, Goodall JC, Douglas SP, Ashfield LJ, Duckett SB, Perutz RN, Weller AS. Platinum(II) Phenylpyridyl Schiff Base Complexes as Latent, Photoactivated, Alkene Hydrosilylation Catalysts. ACS Catal 2024; 14:7492-7505. [PMID: 38779183 PMCID: PMC11106775 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.4c01353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Photoactivated catalysts for the hydrosilylation of alkenes with silanes offer temporal control in manufacturing processes that require silicone curing. We report the development of a range of air-stable Pt(II) (salicylaldimine)(phenylpyridyl), [Pt(sal)(ppy)], complexes as photoinitiated hydrosilylation catalysts. Some of these catalysts show appreciable latency in thermal catalysis and can also be rapidly (10 s) activated by a LED UV-light source (365 nm), to give systems that selectively couple trimethylvinylsilane and hexamethylsiloxymethylsilane to give the linear hydrosilylation product. Although an undetectable (by NMR spectroscopy) amount of precatalyst is converted to the active form under UV-irradiation in the timescale required to initiate hydrosilylation, clean and reliable kinetics can be measured for these systems that allow for a detailed mechanism to be developed for Pt(sal)(ppy)-based photoactivated hydrosilylation. The suggested mechanism is shown to have close parallels with, but also subtle differences from, those previously proposed for thermally-activated Karstedt-type Pt(0) systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena
G. Lancaster
- Department
of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, U.K.
| | - Joe C. Goodall
- Department
of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, U.K.
| | - Samuel P. Douglas
- Johnson
Matthey Technology Center, Blounts Court Road, Sonning Common, Reading RG4 9NH, U.K.
| | - Laura J. Ashfield
- Johnson
Matthey Technology Center, Blounts Court Road, Sonning Common, Reading RG4 9NH, U.K.
| | - Simon B. Duckett
- Department
of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, U.K.
| | - Robin N. Perutz
- Department
of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, U.K.
| | - Andrew S. Weller
- Department
of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, U.K.
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3
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Puerta-Oteo R, Ojeda-Amador AI, Jiménez MV, Pérez-Torrente JJ. Catalytic applications of zwitterionic transition metal compounds. Dalton Trans 2021; 51:817-830. [PMID: 34904607 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt03746c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
This frontiers article highlights recent developments on the application of transition metal-based zwitterionic complexes in catalysis. Recent applications of selected zwitterionic catalysts in polymerization reactions, including the carbonylative polymerization of cyclic ethers, carbon-carbon coupling reactions, the asymmetric hydrogenation of unfunctionalized olefins, and the hydrofunctionalization of alkenes are reviewed. In addition, advances in the field of hydrogenation/dehydrogenation reactions related to energy applications, including the hydrogenation of CO2 and the dehydrogenation of formic acid and N-heterocycles, the functionalization of CO2 with amines and hydrosilanes, and the valorization of polyfunctional bio-based feedstocks, such as the dehygrogenation of glycerol to lactic acid or the reduction of levulinic acid into γ-valerolactone, are also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Puerta-Oteo
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea-ISQCH, Universidad de Zaragoza-C.S.I.C., 50009-Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - Ana I Ojeda-Amador
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea-ISQCH, Universidad de Zaragoza-C.S.I.C., 50009-Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - M Victoria Jiménez
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea-ISQCH, Universidad de Zaragoza-C.S.I.C., 50009-Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - Jesús J Pérez-Torrente
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea-ISQCH, Universidad de Zaragoza-C.S.I.C., 50009-Zaragoza, Spain.
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4
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Valyaev DA, Canac Y. Carbenes and phosphonium ylides: a fruitful association in coordination chemistry. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:16434-16442. [PMID: 34664574 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt03155d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Among a plethora of σ-donor ligands available, carbon-centered ones have become essential, in particular with the emergence of N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs), positioning themselves as credible alternatives to traditional nitrogen- and phosphorus-based systems. Phosphonium ylides representing another class of neutral η1-bonded carbon ligands have also been shown to act as effective Lewis bases. Considering the intrinsic features of the carbene and phosphonium ylide ligands, similar in terms of electronic properties, but different in terms of bonding mode, the design of hybrid systems combining these two types of carbon functionalities appeared to be a natural and exciting challenge. This Perspective comprehensively covers the chemistry of such ligand architectures from synthesis and fundamental aspects to catalytic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry A Valyaev
- LCC-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse Cedex 4 31077, France.
| | - Yves Canac
- LCC-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse Cedex 4 31077, France.
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5
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Pinto CB, Rodrigues BL, Dos Santos LHR. Estimating electron density at the bond critical point through atomic Hirshfeld surfaces. J Appl Crystallogr 2021. [DOI: 10.1107/s1600576721009213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Interatomic surfaces often carry information related to the electron distribution in a molecule or crystal, not only being a visual aid but also enabling quantitative analyses. Under certain conditions, atomic Hirshfeld surfaces present a high resemblance to the interatomic surfaces obtained through the quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM), with the advantage of being easily calculated, even for crystal structures determined at low resolutions (i.e. when a charge-density refinement is not performed). Here an empirical relation between the curvedness property of the Hirshfeld surfaces and the electron density at the bond critical point for certain types of covalent and coordination interactions involving carbon atoms has been obtained. The exponential function was tested to estimate the electron density in different crystalline systems, and the highest deviation from reference values obtained through QTAIM was just 16%. Additionally, fine details of this fit may be salient to the difference in electronegativity of the atoms involved in the bond.
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6
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Brousses R, Maurel V, Mouesca JM, César V, Lugan N, Valyaev DA. Half-sandwich manganese complexes Cp(CO) 2Mn(NHC) as redox-active organometallic fragments. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:14264-14272. [PMID: 34553709 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt02182f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Oxidation of the half-sandwich MnI complexes Cp(CO)2Mn(NHC) bearing dialkyl-, arylalkyl- and diarylsubstituted N-heterocyclic carbene ligands (NHC = IMe, IMeMes, IMes) affords the corresponding stable MnII radical cations [Cp(CO)2Mn(NHC)](BF4) isolated in 92-95% yield. Systematic X-ray diffraction studies of the series of MnI and MnII NHC complexes revealed the expected characteristic structural changes upon oxidation, namely the elongation of the Mn-CO and Mn-NHC bonds as well as the diminution of the OC-Mn-CO angle. ESR spectra of [Cp(CO)2Mn(IMes)](BF4) in frozen solution (CH2Cl2/toluene 1 : 1, 70 K) allowed the identification of two conformers for this complex and their structural assignment using DFT calculations. The stability of these NHC complexes in both metal oxidation states, moderate oxidation potentials and the ease of detection of MnII species by a variety of spectroscopic techniques (UV-Vis, IR, paramagnetic 1H NMR, and ESR) make these compounds promising objects for applications as redox-active organometallic fragments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rémy Brousses
- LCC-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, France.
| | - Vincent Maurel
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, INAC, SyMMES, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
| | - Jean-Marie Mouesca
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, INAC, SyMMES, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
| | - Vincent César
- LCC-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, France.
| | - Noël Lugan
- LCC-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, France.
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7
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Ulm F, Shahane S, Truong‐Phuoc L, Romero T, Papaefthimiou V, Chessé M, Chetcuti MJ, Pham‐Huu C, Michon C, Ritleng V. Half‐Sandwich Nickel(II) NHC‐Picolyl Complexes as Catalysts for the Hydrosilylation of Carbonyl Compounds: Evidence for NHC‐Nickel Nanoparticles under Harsh Reaction Conditions. Eur J Inorg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202100371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Franck Ulm
- Université de Strasbourg Ecole Européenne de Chimie Polymères et Matériaux CNRS LIMA UMR 7042 25 rue Becquerel 67087 Strasbourg France
| | - Saurabh Shahane
- Université de Strasbourg Ecole Européenne de Chimie Polymères et Matériaux CNRS LIMA UMR 7042 25 rue Becquerel 67087 Strasbourg France
| | - Lai Truong‐Phuoc
- Université de Strasbourg Institute of Chemistry and Processes for Energy Environment and Health (ICPEES) UMR 7515 CNRS 25 rue Becquerel 67087 Strasbourg France
| | - Thierry Romero
- Université de Strasbourg Institute of Chemistry and Processes for Energy Environment and Health (ICPEES) UMR 7515 CNRS 25 rue Becquerel 67087 Strasbourg France
| | - Vasiliki Papaefthimiou
- Université de Strasbourg Institute of Chemistry and Processes for Energy Environment and Health (ICPEES) UMR 7515 CNRS 25 rue Becquerel 67087 Strasbourg France
| | - Matthieu Chessé
- Université de Strasbourg Ecole Européenne de Chimie Polymères et Matériaux CNRS LIMA UMR 7042 25 rue Becquerel 67087 Strasbourg France
| | - Michael J. Chetcuti
- Université de Strasbourg Ecole Européenne de Chimie Polymères et Matériaux CNRS LIMA UMR 7042 25 rue Becquerel 67087 Strasbourg France
| | - Cuong Pham‐Huu
- Université de Strasbourg Institute of Chemistry and Processes for Energy Environment and Health (ICPEES) UMR 7515 CNRS 25 rue Becquerel 67087 Strasbourg France
- University of Strasbourg Institute for Advanced Study (USIAS) 5 allée du Général Rouvillois 67083 Strasbourg France
| | - Christophe Michon
- Université de Strasbourg Ecole Européenne de Chimie Polymères et Matériaux CNRS LIMA UMR 7042 25 rue Becquerel 67087 Strasbourg France
- University of Strasbourg Institute for Advanced Study (USIAS) 5 allée du Général Rouvillois 67083 Strasbourg France
| | - Vincent Ritleng
- Université de Strasbourg Ecole Européenne de Chimie Polymères et Matériaux CNRS LIMA UMR 7042 25 rue Becquerel 67087 Strasbourg France
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8
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Taakili R, Barthes C, Lepetit C, Duhayon C, Valyaev DA, Canac Y. Direct Access to Palladium(II) Complexes Based on Anionic C, C, C-Phosphonium Ylide Core Pincer Ligand. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:12116-12128. [PMID: 34333976 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c01316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of readily available imidazolium-phosphonium salt [MesIm(CH2)3PPh3](OTf)2 with PdCl2 in the presence of an excess of Cs2CO3 afforded selectively in one step the cationic Pd(II) complex [(C,C,C)Pd(NCMe)](OTf) exhibiting an LX2-type NHC-ylide-aryl C,C,C-pincer ligand via formal triple C-H bond activation. The replacement of labile MeCN in the latter by CNtBu and CO fragments allowed to estimate the overall electronic properties of this phosphonium ylide core pincer scaffold incorporating three different carbon-based donor ends by IR spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, and molecular orbital analysis, revealing its significantly higher electron-rich character compared to the structurally close NHC core pincer system with two phosphonium ylide extremities. The pincer complex [(C,C,C)Pd(CO)](OTf) represents a rare example of Pd(II) carbonyl species stable at room temperature and characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis. The treatment of isostructural cationic complexes [(C,C,C)Pd(NCMe)](OTf) and [(C,C,C)Pd(CO)](OTf) with (allyl)MgBr and nBuLi led to the formation of zwitterionic phosphonium organopalladates [(C,C,C)PdBr] and [(C,C,C)Pd(COnBu)], respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachid Taakili
- LCC-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, 205 route de Narbonne, 31077 Cedex 4 Toulouse, France
| | - Cécile Barthes
- LCC-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, 205 route de Narbonne, 31077 Cedex 4 Toulouse, France
| | - Christine Lepetit
- LCC-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, 205 route de Narbonne, 31077 Cedex 4 Toulouse, France
| | - Carine Duhayon
- LCC-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, 205 route de Narbonne, 31077 Cedex 4 Toulouse, France
| | - Dmitry A Valyaev
- LCC-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, 205 route de Narbonne, 31077 Cedex 4 Toulouse, France
| | - Yves Canac
- LCC-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, 205 route de Narbonne, 31077 Cedex 4 Toulouse, France
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9
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Grineva AA, Filippov OA, Canac Y, Sortais JB, Nefedov SE, Lugan N, César V, Valyaev DA. Experimental and Theoretical Insights into the Electronic Properties of Anionic N-Heterocyclic Dicarbenes through the Rational Synthesis of Their Transition Metal Complexes. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:4015-4025. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c00073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alina A. Grineva
- LCC-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 205 route de Narbonne, 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 31 Leninsky Pr., Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Oleg A. Filippov
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds (INEOS), Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilov str., GSP-1, B-334, Moscow 119991, Russia
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 16/10 Miklukho-Maklay Str., Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Yves Canac
- LCC-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 205 route de Narbonne, 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Jean-Baptiste Sortais
- LCC-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 205 route de Narbonne, 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
- Institut Universitaire de France, 1 rue Descartes, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Sergei E. Nefedov
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 31 Leninsky Pr., Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Noël Lugan
- LCC-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 205 route de Narbonne, 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Vincent César
- LCC-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 205 route de Narbonne, 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Dmitry A. Valyaev
- LCC-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 205 route de Narbonne, 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
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10
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Xi ZW, Yang L, Wang DY, Feng CW, Qin Y, Shen YM, Pu C, Peng X. Visible Light Induced Reduction and Pinacol Coupling of Aldehydes and Ketones Catalyzed by Core/Shell Quantum Dots. J Org Chem 2021; 86:2474-2488. [PMID: 33415975 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c02627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We present an efficient and versatile visible light-driven methodology to transform aryl aldehydes and ketones chemoselectively either to alcohols or to pinacol products with CdSe/CdS core/shell quantum dots as photocatalysts. Thiophenols were used as proton and hydrogen atom donors and as hole traps for the excited quantum dots (QDs) in these reactions. The two products can be switched from one to the other simply by changing the amount of thiophenol in the reaction system. The core/shell QD catalysts are highly efficient with a turn over number (TON) larger than 4 × 104 and 4 × 105 for the reduction to alcohol and pinacol formation, respectively, and are very stable so that they can be recycled for at least 10 times in the reactions without significant loss of catalytic activity. The additional advantages of this method include good functional group tolerance, mild reaction conditions, the allowance of selectively reducing aldehydes in the presence of ketones, and easiness for large scale reactions. Reaction mechanisms were studied by quenching experiments and a radical capture experiment, and the reasons for the switchover of the reaction pathways upon the change of reaction conditions are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Wei Xi
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Center for Chemistry of Novel & High-Performance Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, PR China
| | - Dan-Yan Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
| | - Chuan-Wei Feng
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
| | - Yufeng Qin
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai 201210, PR China
| | - Yong-Miao Shen
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
| | - Chaodan Pu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai 201210, PR China
| | - Xiaogang Peng
- Center for Chemistry of Novel & High-Performance Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, PR China
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11
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Rana S, Biswas JP, Paul S, Paik A, Maiti D. Organic synthesis with the most abundant transition metal–iron: from rust to multitasking catalysts. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:243-472. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00688b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The promising aspects of iron in synthetic chemistry are being explored for three-four decades as a green and eco-friendly alternative to late transition metals. This present review unveils these rich iron-chemistry towards different transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujoy Rana
- Department of Chemistry
- University of North Bengal
- Darjeeling
- India
| | | | - Sabarni Paul
- Department of Chemistry
- University of North Bengal
- Darjeeling
- India
| | - Aniruddha Paik
- Department of Chemistry
- University of North Bengal
- Darjeeling
- India
| | - Debabrata Maiti
- Department of Chemistry
- IIT Bombay
- Mumbai-400076
- India
- Tokyo Tech World Research Hub Initiative (WRHI)
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12
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Ivanov SM. Carbon‐metalated triazines and tetrazines: Synthesis and reactivity. J Heterocycl Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.4071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sergey M. Ivanov
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russia
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Mercury(II) Complexes of Anionic N-Heterocyclic Carbene Ligands: Steric Effects of the Backbone Substituent. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25163741. [PMID: 32824333 PMCID: PMC7464600 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25163741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Mercury(II) complexes (Me-maloNHCDipp)HgCl (1b), (t-Bu-maloNHCDipp)HgCl (2b) and (t-Bu-maloNHCDipp)HgMe (2c) supported by anionic N-heterocyclic carbenes have been obtained in good yields from the reaction of the potassium salt of N-heterocyclic carbene ligand precursors and mercury(II) salts, HgCl2 and MeHgI. These molecules have been characterized by 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and IR spectroscopy and elemental analysis. X-ray crystal structures of 1b and 2b are also presented. Interestingly, complex 1b is polymeric {(Me-maloNHCDipp)HgCl}n in the solid state, as a result of inter-molecular Hg-O contacts, and features rare three coordinate mercury sites with a T-shaped arrangement, whereas the (t-Bu-maloNHCDipp)HgCl (2b) is monomeric and has a linear, two-coordinate mercury center. The formation of T-shaped structure and the aggregation of complex 1b is attributable to the reduced steric demand of the N-heterocyclic carbene ligand backbone substituent.
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15
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Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Bioactivities of N-(5-(4-chlorobenzyl)-1,3,5-Triazinan-2-Ylidene)Nitramide. CRYSTALS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst10040245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The compound N-(5-(4-chlorobenzyl)-1,3,5-triazinan-2-ylidene)nitramide (C10H12ClN5O2, M = 269.70) was synthesized and structurally confirmed by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, HRMS and single-crystal x-ray diffraction. The crystal belongs to the monoclinic system with space group P21/c. The title compound consisted of a benzene ring and a 1,3,5-triazine ring. All carbon atoms in the benzene ring were nearly coplanar with a dihedral (C6–C5–C10 and C7–C8–C9) angle of 1.71°and all non-hydrogen atoms of the 1,3,5-triazine ring were not planar, but exhibited a half-chair conformation. The crystal structure was stabilized by a strong intramolecular hydrogen bonding interaction N(3)–H(3)···O(2) and three intermolecular hydrogen bonding interactions, N(2)–H(2)···O(1), N(2)–H(2)···N(4) and N(3)–H(3)···Cl(1). The preliminary bioassay showed that the title compound showed not only aphicidal activity against Sitobion miscanthi (inhibition rate: 74.1%) and Schizaphis graminum (77.5%), but also antifungal activities against Pythium aphanidermatum (62.0%). These results provide valuable guidelines for the design and synthesis of novel aphid control agents and fungicides.
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16
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Liang Q, Song D. Iron N-heterocyclic carbene complexes in homogeneous catalysis. Chem Soc Rev 2020; 49:1209-1232. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cs00508k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
This review article summarizes recent development of homogeneous iron N-heterocyclic carbene catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuming Liang
- Davenport Chemical Research Laboratories
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Toronto
- Toronto
- Canada
| | - Datong Song
- Davenport Chemical Research Laboratories
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Toronto
- Toronto
- Canada
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17
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Raya-Barón Á, Oña-Burgos P, Fernández I. Iron-Catalyzed Homogeneous Hydrosilylation of Ketones and Aldehydes: Advances and Mechanistic Perspective. ACS Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b00201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Álvaro Raya-Barón
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Research Centre CIAIMBITAL, University of Almería, Ctra. Sacramento, s/n, Almería E-04120, Spain
| | - Pascual Oña-Burgos
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Research Centre CIAIMBITAL, University of Almería, Ctra. Sacramento, s/n, Almería E-04120, Spain
| | - Ignacio Fernández
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Research Centre CIAIMBITAL, University of Almería, Ctra. Sacramento, s/n, Almería E-04120, Spain
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18
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Hooper R, Mason A, Montgomery M, Clinebell B, Gaynor R, McMillen C, Tapu D. A stable Cerberus tris(maloNHC) and its coinage metal complexes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:5942-5945. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc01892a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The first stable trisanionic Cerberus-type tris(maloNHC) was synthesized and incorporated into two different zwitterionic coinage metal complexes (Au(i) and Ag(i)).
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Affiliation(s)
- Reagan Hooper
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Kennesaw State University
- Kennesaw
- USA
| | - Alexander Mason
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Kennesaw State University
- Kennesaw
- USA
| | - Maleek Montgomery
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Kennesaw State University
- Kennesaw
- USA
| | - Braden Clinebell
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Kennesaw State University
- Kennesaw
- USA
| | - Ryan Gaynor
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Kennesaw State University
- Kennesaw
- USA
| | - Colin McMillen
- X-ray Crystallography Laboratory
- Department of Chemistry
- Clemson University
- Clemson
- USA
| | - Daniela Tapu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Kennesaw State University
- Kennesaw
- USA
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19
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Affiliation(s)
- Duo Wei
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR-UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France
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20
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Brüggemann P, Wahl M, Schwengers S, Buhl H, Ganter C. Access to a Cationic, Electron-Poor N-Heterocyclic Carbene with a Quinazolinium Core by Postsynthetic Modification of Related Neutral Derivatives. Organometallics 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Brüggemann
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Abteilung Metallorganische Chemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Michaela Wahl
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Abteilung Metallorganische Chemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sebastian Schwengers
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Abteilung Metallorganische Chemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Hannes Buhl
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Abteilung Metallorganische Chemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Christian Ganter
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Abteilung Metallorganische Chemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
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21
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Rong B, Zhong W, Gu E, Long L, Song L, Liu X. Probing the electron transfer mechanism of the half-sandwich iron(II)-carbonyl complexes and their catalysis on proton reduction. Electrochim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.06.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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22
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Johnson C, Albrecht M. Piano-stool N-heterocyclic carbene iron complexes: Synthesis, reactivity and catalytic applications. Coord Chem Rev 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2017.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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23
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Quintero-Duque S, Li H, Misal Castro LC, Dorcet V, Roisnel T, Clot E, Grellier M, Sortais JB, Darcel C. N-Heterocyclic Carbene Iron Silyl Hydride Complexes. Isr J Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.201700122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Quintero-Duque
- UMR CNRS -; Université de Rennes 1 Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, team Organometallics: Materials and Catalysis; Campus de Beaulieu 35042 Rennes cedex France
| | - Haoquan Li
- UMR CNRS -; Université de Rennes 1 Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, team Organometallics: Materials and Catalysis; Campus de Beaulieu 35042 Rennes cedex France
| | - Luis C. Misal Castro
- UMR CNRS -; Université de Rennes 1 Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, team Organometallics: Materials and Catalysis; Campus de Beaulieu 35042 Rennes cedex France
| | - Vincent Dorcet
- UMR CNRS -; Université de Rennes 1 Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes; Centre de Diffraction X, Campus de Beaulieu 35042 Rennes cedex France
| | - Thierry Roisnel
- UMR CNRS -; Université de Rennes 1 Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes; Centre de Diffraction X, Campus de Beaulieu 35042 Rennes cedex France
| | - Eric Clot
- Institut Charles Gerhardt, UMR 5253 CNRS-UM-ENSCM; Université de Montpellier; Place Eugène Bataillon, cc 1501 34095 Montpellier cedex 5 France
| | - Mary Grellier
- LCC-CNRS; Université de Toulouse, INPT, UPS; Toulouse France
| | - Jean-Baptiste Sortais
- UMR CNRS -; Université de Rennes 1 Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, team Organometallics: Materials and Catalysis; Campus de Beaulieu 35042 Rennes cedex France
- LCC-CNRS; Université de Toulouse, INPT, UPS; Toulouse France
- Institut Universitaire de France; 1 rue Descartes 75231 Paris Cedex 05 France
| | - Christophe Darcel
- UMR CNRS -; Université de Rennes 1 Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, team Organometallics: Materials and Catalysis; Campus de Beaulieu 35042 Rennes cedex France
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24
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Ruamps M, Lugan N, César V. Experimental Assessment of the π-Acidity of Anionic and Neutral Malonate-Derived N-Heterocyclic Carbenes. Eur J Inorg Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201700883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mirko Ruamps
- LCC-CNRS; Université de Toulouse, INPT, UPS; 205 route de Narbonne 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4 France
| | - Noël Lugan
- LCC-CNRS; Université de Toulouse, INPT, UPS; 205 route de Narbonne 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4 France
| | - Vincent César
- LCC-CNRS; Université de Toulouse, INPT, UPS; 205 route de Narbonne 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4 France
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25
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Freese T, Lücke AL, Schmidt CA, Polamo M, Nieger M, Namyslo JC, Schmidt A. Anionic N-heterocyclic carbenes derived from sydnone imines such as molsidomine. Trapping reactions with selenium, palladium, and gold. Tetrahedron 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2017.07.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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26
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Corre Y, Rysak V, Trivelli X, Agbossou-Niedercorn F, Michon C. A Versatile Iridium(III) Metallacycle Catalyst for the Effective Hydrosilylation of Carbonyl and Carboxylic Acid Derivatives. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201700801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yann Corre
- Univ. Lille; CNRS; Centrale Lille; ENSCL; Univ. Artois; UMR 8181 - UCCS - Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide; 59000 Lille France
- ENSCL; UCCS-CCM-MOCAH; (Chimie-C7) CS 90108; 59652 Villeneuve d'Ascq Cedex France
| | - Vincent Rysak
- Univ. Lille; CNRS; Centrale Lille; ENSCL; Univ. Artois; UMR 8181 - UCCS - Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide; 59000 Lille France
- ENSCL; UCCS-CCM-MOCAH; (Chimie-C7) CS 90108; 59652 Villeneuve d'Ascq Cedex France
| | - Xavier Trivelli
- UGSF CNRS, UMR 8576; Université Lille Nord de France; 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq Cedex France
| | - Francine Agbossou-Niedercorn
- Univ. Lille; CNRS; Centrale Lille; ENSCL; Univ. Artois; UMR 8181 - UCCS - Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide; 59000 Lille France
- ENSCL; UCCS-CCM-MOCAH; (Chimie-C7) CS 90108; 59652 Villeneuve d'Ascq Cedex France
| | - Christophe Michon
- Univ. Lille; CNRS; Centrale Lille; ENSCL; Univ. Artois; UMR 8181 - UCCS - Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide; 59000 Lille France
- ENSCL; UCCS-CCM-MOCAH; (Chimie-C7) CS 90108; 59652 Villeneuve d'Ascq Cedex France
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27
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Lopes
- ITQB NOVA, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier; Av. da República 2780-157 Oeiras Portugal
| | - Beatriz Royo
- ITQB NOVA, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier; Av. da República 2780-157 Oeiras Portugal
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28
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Schneider H, Schmidt D, Eichhöfer A, Radius M, Weigend F, Radius U. Synthesis and Reactivity of NHC‐Stabilized Iron(II)–Mesityl Complexes. Eur J Inorg Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201700143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Heidi Schneider
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Julius‐Maximilians‐Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - David Schmidt
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Julius‐Maximilians‐Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Andreas Eichhöfer
- Institut für Nanotechnologie Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT) Campus Nord, Hermann‐von‐Helmholtz‐Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein‐Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Michael Radius
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT) Campus Süd, Kaiserstraße 12 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Florian Weigend
- Institut für Nanotechnologie Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT) Campus Nord, Hermann‐von‐Helmholtz‐Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein‐Leopoldshafen Germany
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT) Campus Süd, Kaiserstraße 12 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Udo Radius
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Julius‐Maximilians‐Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
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29
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Henrion M, de P. Cardoso B, César V, Chetcuti MJ, Ritleng V. Nickel(II) Complexes of Highly σ-Donating Cyclic (Alkyl)(Amino)- and Malonate-Carbenes: Syntheses and Catalytic Studies. Organometallics 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.6b00906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mickaël Henrion
- Université de Strasbourg, Ecole européenne de Chimie, Polymères
et Matériaux, CNRS, LCM UMR 7509, Equipe de Chimie Organométallique
Appliquée, 25 Rue
Becquerel, 67087 Strasbourg, France
| | - Bernardo de P. Cardoso
- Université de Strasbourg, Ecole européenne de Chimie, Polymères
et Matériaux, CNRS, LCM UMR 7509, Equipe de Chimie Organométallique
Appliquée, 25 Rue
Becquerel, 67087 Strasbourg, France
| | - Vincent César
- LCC-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, INPT, UPS, 205 Route de Narbonne, 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Michael J. Chetcuti
- Université de Strasbourg, Ecole européenne de Chimie, Polymères
et Matériaux, CNRS, LCM UMR 7509, Equipe de Chimie Organométallique
Appliquée, 25 Rue
Becquerel, 67087 Strasbourg, France
| | - Vincent Ritleng
- Université de Strasbourg, Ecole européenne de Chimie, Polymères
et Matériaux, CNRS, LCM UMR 7509, Equipe de Chimie Organométallique
Appliquée, 25 Rue
Becquerel, 67087 Strasbourg, France
- Institut Universitaire de France, 1 Rue Descartes, 75231 Paris, France
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30
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirko Ruamps
- LCC-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, INPT, UPS, 205 route de Narbonne, 31077 Toulouse cedex 4, France
| | - Noël Lugan
- LCC-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, INPT, UPS, 205 route de Narbonne, 31077 Toulouse cedex 4, France
| | - Vincent César
- LCC-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, INPT, UPS, 205 route de Narbonne, 31077 Toulouse cedex 4, France
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31
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Abstract
It is well-recognized that N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands have provided a new dimension to the design of homogeneous catalysts. Part of the success of this type of ligands resides in the limitless access to a variety of topologies with tuned electronic properties, but also in the ability of a family of NHCs that are able to adapt their properties to the specific requirements of individual catalytic transformations. The term "smart" is used here to refer to switchable, multifunctional, adaptable, or tunable ligands and, in general, to all those ligands that are able to modify their steric or electronic properties to fulfill the requirements of a defined catalytic reaction. The purpose of this review is to comprehensively describe all types of smart NHC ligands by focusing attention on the catalytically relevant ligand-based reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Peris
- Institute of Advanced Materials , Universitat Jaume I , Avenida Vicente Sos Baynat s/n , Castellón E-12071 , Spain
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32
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Valyaev DA, Wei D, Elangovan S, Cavailles M, Dorcet V, Sortais JB, Darcel C, Lugan N. Half-Sandwich Manganese Complexes Bearing Cp Tethered N-Heterocyclic Carbene Ligands: Synthesis and Mechanistic Insights into the Catalytic Ketone Hydrosilylation. Organometallics 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.6b00785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry A. Valyaev
- LCC-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, INPT, UPS, 205 route de Narbonne, 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Duo Wei
- UMR 6226 CNRS-Université Rennes 1, Institut
des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, Team Organometallics: Materials
and Catalysis, Centre for Catalysis and Green Chemistry, Campus de Beaulieu, 263 av. du Général
Leclerc, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Saravanakumar Elangovan
- UMR 6226 CNRS-Université Rennes 1, Institut
des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, Team Organometallics: Materials
and Catalysis, Centre for Catalysis and Green Chemistry, Campus de Beaulieu, 263 av. du Général
Leclerc, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Matthieu Cavailles
- LCC-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, INPT, UPS, 205 route de Narbonne, 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Vincent Dorcet
- UMR 6226 CNRS-Université Rennes 1, Institut
des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, Team Organometallics: Materials
and Catalysis, Centre for Catalysis and Green Chemistry, Campus de Beaulieu, 263 av. du Général
Leclerc, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Jean-Baptiste Sortais
- UMR 6226 CNRS-Université Rennes 1, Institut
des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, Team Organometallics: Materials
and Catalysis, Centre for Catalysis and Green Chemistry, Campus de Beaulieu, 263 av. du Général
Leclerc, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Christophe Darcel
- UMR 6226 CNRS-Université Rennes 1, Institut
des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, Team Organometallics: Materials
and Catalysis, Centre for Catalysis and Green Chemistry, Campus de Beaulieu, 263 av. du Général
Leclerc, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Noël Lugan
- LCC-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, INPT, UPS, 205 route de Narbonne, 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
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33
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Abstract
In α-cationic phosphines, at least one of the three substituents on phosphorus corresponds to a cationic (normally, but not always heteroaromatic) group, which is attached without any spacer to the phosphorus atom by a relatively inert P-C bond. This unique architecture confers to the resulting ligand strong acceptor properties, which frequently surpass those of traditional acceptor ligands such as phosphites or polyfluorinated phosphines. In addition, the fine-tuning of the stereoelectronic properties of α-cationic phosphines is also possible by judicious selection of the number and nature of the cationic groups. The opportunities offered in catalysis by α-cationic ligands arise from this ability to deplete electron density from the metals they coordinate. Thus, if in a hypothetical catalytic cycle the step that determines the rate is facilitated by an increase of the Lewis acidity at the metal center, then an acceleration of the whole process is expected by their use as ancillary ligands. Interestingly, this situation is found more frequently than one might think; many common elementary steps involved in catalytic cycles, such as reductive eliminations, coordination of substrates to metals, or attack of nucleophiles to coordinated substrates, belong to this category and are often fostered by electron poor metal centers. In this regard, our group has observed remarkable ligand acceleration effects by the employment of α-cationic phosphines in Au(I)- and Pt(II)-promoted hydroarylation and cycloisomerization reactions. These results seem to be general in π-acid catalysis when the nucleophile used is not especially electron rich because then their attack to the activated alkene or alkyne is normally rate determining. On the other hand, the use of cationic phosphines also presents drawbacks that limit their range of application. As a general rule, the reduced σ-donation from the phosphine is not compensated by the increased π-back-donation from the metal making the resulting phosphorus-metal bond weaker, and the corresponding catalysts more prone to decomposition. This can be critical when di- or tricationic ancillary ligands are used. In addition, the positively charged groups occasionally participate in undesired side reactions, with either the metal or the substrate, which are not present when their neutral congeners are used. Stimulated by both the fundamental questions regarding bonding and their valuable applications in catalysis, the chemistry of α-cationic phosphines has experienced an enormous growth during the last years. This Account describes our group's efforts and those of others to understand their coordination behavior, study their reactivity, and further develop their range of applications in catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Alcarazo
- Institut für Organische
und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße
2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
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34
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Electrostatic Properties of N-Heterocyclic Carbenes Obtained by Experimental Charge-Density Analysis of Two Selenium Adducts. Eur J Inorg Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201600292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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35
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Nasr A, Winkler A, Tamm M. Anionic N-heterocyclic carbenes: Synthesis, coordination chemistry and applications in homogeneous catalysis. Coord Chem Rev 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2016.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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36
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Winkler A, Brandhorst K, Freytag M, Jones PG, Tamm M. Palladium(II) Complexes with Anionic N-Heterocyclic Carbene–Borate Ligands as Catalysts for the Amination of Aryl Halides. Organometallics 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.6b00217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Winkler
- Institut für Anorganische
und Analytische Chemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hagenring
30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Kai Brandhorst
- Institut für Anorganische
und Analytische Chemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hagenring
30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Matthias Freytag
- Institut für Anorganische
und Analytische Chemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hagenring
30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Peter G. Jones
- Institut für Anorganische
und Analytische Chemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hagenring
30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Matthias Tamm
- Institut für Anorganische
und Analytische Chemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hagenring
30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
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37
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Bleith T, Gade LH. Mechanism of the Iron(II)-Catalyzed Hydrosilylation of Ketones: Activation of Iron Carboxylate Precatalysts and Reaction Pathways of the Active Catalyst. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:4972-83. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b02173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tim Bleith
- Anorganisch-Chemisches
Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lutz H. Gade
- Anorganisch-Chemisches
Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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38
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Das P, Elder T, Brennessel WW, Chmely SC. Iron piano-stool complexes containing NHC ligands outfitted with pendent arms: synthesis, characterization, and screening for catalytic transfer hydrogenation. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra20764b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The reaction of hydroxyl-appended NHC ligands with FpI affords a pair of iron-containing organometallic species with interesting electronic and structural properties.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thomas Elder
- USDA-Forest Service
- Southern Research Station
- Auburn
- USA
| | - William W. Brennessel
- X-ray Crystallographic Facility
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Rochester
- Rochester
- USA
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39
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Elangovan S, Quintero-Duque S, Dorcet V, Roisnel T, Norel L, Darcel C, Sortais JB. Knölker-Type Iron Complexes Bearing an N-Heterocyclic Carbene Ligand: Synthesis, Characterization, and Catalytic Dehydration of Primary Amides. Organometallics 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.5b00553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Saravanakumar Elangovan
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, UMR 6226 CNRS-Université de Rennes 1, †Team
Organometallics: Materials and Catalysis, Centre for Catalysis and
Green Chemistry, and ‡Centre de Diffractométrie X, Campus de Beaulieu, 263 av. du Général
Leclerc, 35042 Rennes
Cedex, France
| | - Samuel Quintero-Duque
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, UMR 6226 CNRS-Université de Rennes 1, †Team
Organometallics: Materials and Catalysis, Centre for Catalysis and
Green Chemistry, and ‡Centre de Diffractométrie X, Campus de Beaulieu, 263 av. du Général
Leclerc, 35042 Rennes
Cedex, France
| | - Vincent Dorcet
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, UMR 6226 CNRS-Université de Rennes 1, †Team
Organometallics: Materials and Catalysis, Centre for Catalysis and
Green Chemistry, and ‡Centre de Diffractométrie X, Campus de Beaulieu, 263 av. du Général
Leclerc, 35042 Rennes
Cedex, France
| | - Thierry Roisnel
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, UMR 6226 CNRS-Université de Rennes 1, †Team
Organometallics: Materials and Catalysis, Centre for Catalysis and
Green Chemistry, and ‡Centre de Diffractométrie X, Campus de Beaulieu, 263 av. du Général
Leclerc, 35042 Rennes
Cedex, France
| | - Lucie Norel
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, UMR 6226 CNRS-Université de Rennes 1, †Team
Organometallics: Materials and Catalysis, Centre for Catalysis and
Green Chemistry, and ‡Centre de Diffractométrie X, Campus de Beaulieu, 263 av. du Général
Leclerc, 35042 Rennes
Cedex, France
| | - Christophe Darcel
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, UMR 6226 CNRS-Université de Rennes 1, †Team
Organometallics: Materials and Catalysis, Centre for Catalysis and
Green Chemistry, and ‡Centre de Diffractométrie X, Campus de Beaulieu, 263 av. du Général
Leclerc, 35042 Rennes
Cedex, France
| | - Jean-Baptiste Sortais
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, UMR 6226 CNRS-Université de Rennes 1, †Team
Organometallics: Materials and Catalysis, Centre for Catalysis and
Green Chemistry, and ‡Centre de Diffractométrie X, Campus de Beaulieu, 263 av. du Général
Leclerc, 35042 Rennes
Cedex, France
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40
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Przyojski JA, Veggeberg KP, Arman HD, Tonzetich ZJ. Mechanistic Studies of Catalytic Carbon–Carbon Cross-Coupling by Well-Defined Iron NHC Complexes. ACS Catal 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.5b01445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jacob A. Przyojski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78249, United States
| | - Kevin P. Veggeberg
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78249, United States
| | - Hadi D. Arman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78249, United States
| | - Zachary J. Tonzetich
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78249, United States
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41
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Horak KT, VanderVelde DG, Agapie T. Tuning of Metal Complex Electronics and Reactivity by Remote Lewis Acid Binding to π-Coordinated Pyridine Diphosphine Ligands. Organometallics 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.5b00562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kyle T. Horak
- Division of Chemistry and
Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East
California Boulevard MC 127-72, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - David G. VanderVelde
- Division of Chemistry and
Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East
California Boulevard MC 127-72, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Theodor Agapie
- Division of Chemistry and
Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East
California Boulevard MC 127-72, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
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42
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Haldón E, Kozma Á, Tinnermann H, Gu L, Goddard R, Alcarazo M. Synthesis and reactivity of α-cationic phosphines: the effect of imidazolinium and amidinium substituents. Dalton Trans 2015; 45:1872-6. [PMID: 26174600 DOI: 10.1039/c5dt02341f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Mono- and dicationic phosphines have been synthesized through the reaction of chloroimidazolinium or chloroamidinium salts with secondary or primary phosphines respectively. The resulting ligands, which depict a significantly reduced donor ability compared with their neutral analogues, have been used to design Pt(II) and Au(I) complexes that effectively catalyse the hydroarylation of alkynes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estela Haldón
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser Wilhelm Platz 1, 45470-Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany.
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43
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Wang L, Sun H, Li X. Synthesis of Iron Hydrides by Selective C-F/C-H Bond Activation in Fluoroarylimines and Their Applications in Catalytic Reduction Reactions. Eur J Inorg Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201500313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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44
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Cisnetti F, Gibard C, Gautier A. Post-functionalization of metal–NHC complexes: A useful toolbox for bioorganometallic chemistry (and beyond)? J Organomet Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2014.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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45
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Bastin S, Barthes C, Lugan N, Lavigne G, César V. Anionic N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes of Gold(I) as Precatalysts for Silver-Free Cycloisomerization of Enynes. Eur J Inorg Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201500168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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46
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingmar Bauer
- Department Chemie, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstraße 66, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Hans-Joachim Knölker
- Department Chemie, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstraße 66, 01069 Dresden, Germany
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47
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The chemistry of the carbon-transition metal double and triple bond: Annual survey covering the year 2013. Coord Chem Rev 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2014.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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48
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49
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Cardoso JM, Lopes R, Royo B. Dehydrogenative silylation of alcohols catalysed by half-sandwich iron N-heterocyclic carbene complexes. J Organomet Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2014.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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50
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Lyngvi E, Sanhueza IA, Schoenebeck F. Dispersion Makes the Difference: Bisligated Transition States Found for the Oxidative Addition of Pd(PtBu3)2 to Ar-OSO2R and Dispersion-Controlled Chemoselectivity in Reactions with Pd[P(iPr)(tBu2)]2. Organometallics 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/om501199t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Eirik Lyngvi
- Institute of Organic
Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52056 Aachen, Germany
- Laboratory for Organic Chemistry, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Italo A. Sanhueza
- Institute of Organic
Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52056 Aachen, Germany
- Laboratory for Organic Chemistry, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Franziska Schoenebeck
- Institute of Organic
Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52056 Aachen, Germany
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