1
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Coordination Versatility of NHC-metal Topologies in Asymmetric Catalysis: Synthetic Insights and Recent Trends. Coord Chem Rev 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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2
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Gan KB, Zhong RL, Zhang ZW, Kwong FY. Atropisomeric Phosphine Ligands Bearing C-N Axial Chirality: Applications in Enantioselective Suzuki-Miyaura Cross-Coupling Towards the Assembly of Tetra- ortho-Substituted Biaryls. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:14864-14873. [PMID: 35921609 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c06240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Biaryl phosphines bearing C(Ar)-C(Ar) axial chirality are commonly known and have been successfully applied in many asymmetric catalyses. Nevertheless, the development of a chiral ligand having an axially chiral C(Ar)-N backbone remains elusive due to its undesirable less restricted rotational barrier. In fact, it is highly attractive to overcome this challenge in ligand development as the incorporation of an N-donor component at the chiral axis is more favorable toward the transient metal coordination, and thus, a better outcome of stereocommunication is anticipated to the approaching substrates. Herein, we present a rational design of a new collection of chiral phosphines featuring a C-N axial chirality and their applications in enantioselective Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling for accessing highly steric hindered tetra-ortho-substituted biaryls (26 examples up to 98:2 er). It is worth noting that the embodied carbazolyl framework is crucial to succeed the reaction, by the fruitful steric relief of bulky substrate coordination and transmetalation via a fleeting Pd-N jumping to Pd-π fashion. DFT calculation reveals an interesting Pd-arene-walking characteristic across the carbazolyl plane for attaining a lower energy-preferred route in a catalytic cycle. The theoretical study successfully predicts the stereooutcome and matches the enantioselectivity with the experimental results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kin Boon Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Rong-Lin Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong 999077, China.,Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, China
| | - Zhen-Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong 999077, China.,College of Pharmacy, Guangxi Zhuang Yao Medicine Center of Engineering and Technology, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530200, China
| | - Fuk Yee Kwong
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong 999077, China
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3
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Mukherjee N, Mondal B, Saha TN, Maity R. Palladium, Iridium and Rhodium Complexes Bearing Chiral N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Ligands Applied in Asymmetric Catalysis. Appl Organomet Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.6794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Bhaskar Mondal
- Department of Chemistry University of Calcutta Kolkata India
| | - Tarak Nath Saha
- Department of Chemistry University of Calcutta Kolkata India
| | - Ramananda Maity
- Department of Chemistry University of Calcutta Kolkata India
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4
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Zhang D, Yu J. Effect of the Dihedral Angle of Biaryl-Bridged Bis( N-Heterocylic Carbene) Ligands on Enantioselectivity in Pd-Catalyzed Asymmetric Aryl–Aryl Cross-Coupling. Organometallics 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.2c00030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dao Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jueqin Yu
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, People’s Republic of China
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5
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Chen YH, Huang SJ, Hsu TY, Hung PY, Wei TR, Lee DS, Lu TJ. Non-C 2-Symmetric Bis-Benzimidazolium Salt Applied in the Synthesis of Sterically Hindered Biaryls. Molecules 2021; 26:6703. [PMID: 34771121 PMCID: PMC8588361 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26216703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel non-C2-symmetric bis-benzimidazolium salt derived from (±)-valinol has been prepared by a simple and straightforward process in good yield. The structure of bis-benzimidazolium salt provided a bulky steric group on the ethylene bridge; which facilitates the catalytic efficacy in the C(sp2)-C(sp2) formation. Its catalytic activity in Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction of unactivated aryl chlorides has been found to have high efficacy in 1 mol% Pd loading. This protocol demonstrated the potential on the synthesis of sterically hindered biaryls.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Dong-Sheng Lee
- Department of Chemistry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan; (Y.-H.C.); (S.-J.H.); (T.-Y.H.); (P.-Y.H.); (T.-R.W.); (T.-J.L.)
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6
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Synthesis of Xylyl-Linked Bis-Benzimidazolium Salts and Their Application in the Palladium-Catalyzed Suzuki–Miyaura Cross-Coupling Reaction of Aryl Chlorides. Catalysts 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/catal11070817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
A new series of xylyl-linked bis-benzimidazolium salts were efficiently prepared using a simple preparation method from bis-benzimidazolium precursors featuring highly tunable linkers and wingtips. A highly efficient Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling reaction of aryl chlorides within the range of 0.5–2.0 mol% Pd-catalyst loading was observed. Also, di-ortho-substituted biaryl synthesis was achieved.
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7
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Wang F, Qi Z, Zhao Y, Zhai S, Zheng G, Mi R, Huang Z, Zhu X, He X, Li X. Rhodium(III)‐Catalyzed Atroposelective Synthesis of Biaryls by C−H Activation and Intermolecular Coupling with Sterically Hindered Alkynes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202002208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fen Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University (SNNU) Xi'an 710062 China
| | - Zisong Qi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University (SNNU) Xi'an 710062 China
| | - Yuxia Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University (SNNU) Xi'an 710062 China
| | - Shuailei Zhai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University (SNNU) Xi'an 710062 China
| | - Guangfan Zheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University (SNNU) Xi'an 710062 China
| | - Ruijie Mi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University (SNNU) Xi'an 710062 China
| | - Zhiyan Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University (SNNU) Xi'an 710062 China
| | - Xiaolin Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University (SNNU) Xi'an 710062 China
| | - Xiaoming He
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University (SNNU) Xi'an 710062 China
| | - Xingwei Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University (SNNU) Xi'an 710062 China
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8
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Wang F, Qi Z, Zhao Y, Zhai S, Zheng G, Mi R, Huang Z, Zhu X, He X, Li X. Rhodium(III)‐Catalyzed Atroposelective Synthesis of Biaryls by C−H Activation and Intermolecular Coupling with Sterically Hindered Alkynes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:13288-13294. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202002208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fen Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University (SNNU) Xi'an 710062 China
| | - Zisong Qi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University (SNNU) Xi'an 710062 China
| | - Yuxia Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University (SNNU) Xi'an 710062 China
| | - Shuailei Zhai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University (SNNU) Xi'an 710062 China
| | - Guangfan Zheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University (SNNU) Xi'an 710062 China
| | - Ruijie Mi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University (SNNU) Xi'an 710062 China
| | - Zhiyan Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University (SNNU) Xi'an 710062 China
| | - Xiaolin Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University (SNNU) Xi'an 710062 China
| | - Xiaoming He
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University (SNNU) Xi'an 710062 China
| | - Xingwei Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University (SNNU) Xi'an 710062 China
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9
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Li Y, Pan B, He X, Xia W, Zhang Y, Liang H, Subba Reddy CV, Cao R, Qiu L. Pd-catalyzed asymmetric Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reactions for the synthesis of chiral biaryl compounds with a large steric substituent at the 2-position. Beilstein J Org Chem 2020; 16:966-973. [PMID: 32509027 PMCID: PMC7237804 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.16.85] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Pd-catalyzed asymmetric Suzuki-Miyaura couplings of 3-methyl-2-bromophenylamides, 3-methyl-2-bromo-1-nitrobenzene and 1-naphthaleneboronic acids have been successfully developed and the corresponding axially chiral biaryl compounds were obtained in very high yields (up to 99%) with good enantioselectivities (up to 88% ee) under mild conditions. The chiral-bridged biphenyl monophosphine ligands developed by our group exhibit significant superiority to the naphthyl counterpart MOP in both reactivity and enantioselectivity control. The large steric hindrance from π-conjugated ortho-substituents of the bromobenzene substrates and the Pd···O interaction between carbonyl and palladium seem essential to achieve high enantioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongsu Li
- School of Chemistry, Guangdong Key Lab of Chiral Molecules and Drug Discovery, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 135 Xingangxi Road, Guangzhou 510275, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bendu Pan
- School of Chemistry, Guangdong Key Lab of Chiral Molecules and Drug Discovery, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 135 Xingangxi Road, Guangzhou 510275, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuefeng He
- School of Chemistry, Guangdong Key Lab of Chiral Molecules and Drug Discovery, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 135 Xingangxi Road, Guangzhou 510275, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wang Xia
- School of Chemistry, Guangdong Key Lab of Chiral Molecules and Drug Discovery, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 135 Xingangxi Road, Guangzhou 510275, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yaqi Zhang
- School of Chemistry, Guangdong Key Lab of Chiral Molecules and Drug Discovery, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 135 Xingangxi Road, Guangzhou 510275, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hao Liang
- School of Chemistry, Guangdong Key Lab of Chiral Molecules and Drug Discovery, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 135 Xingangxi Road, Guangzhou 510275, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chitreddy V Subba Reddy
- School of Chemistry, Guangdong Key Lab of Chiral Molecules and Drug Discovery, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 135 Xingangxi Road, Guangzhou 510275, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rihui Cao
- School of Chemistry, Guangdong Key Lab of Chiral Molecules and Drug Discovery, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 135 Xingangxi Road, Guangzhou 510275, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liqin Qiu
- School of Chemistry, Guangdong Key Lab of Chiral Molecules and Drug Discovery, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 135 Xingangxi Road, Guangzhou 510275, People’s Republic of China
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10
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Zhang D, Yu J. Fine Tuning of Chiral Bis(N-heterocyclic carbene) Palladium Catalysts for Asymmetric Suzuki–Miyaura Cross-Coupling Reactions: Exploring the Ligand Modification. Organometallics 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.0c00036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dao Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University 200438 Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jueqin Yu
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University 200438 Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
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11
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Yang H, Sun J, Gu W, Tang W. Enantioselective Cross-Coupling for Axially Chiral Tetra-ortho-Substituted Biaryls and Asymmetric Synthesis of Gossypol. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:8036-8043. [PMID: 32240585 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c02686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The axially chiral tetra-ortho-substituted biaryl skeleton exists in numerous biologically important natural products, pharmaceutical molecules, chiral catalysts, and ligands. The efficient synthesis of chiral tetra-ortho-substituted biaryl structures remains a challenging but unsolved problem. Among various asymmetric synthetic protocols, enantioselective Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling represents one of the most straightforward and versatile approaches. Herein we describe a powerful Suzuki-Miyaura coupling enabled by a P-chiral monophosphorus ligand BaryPhos, providing a broad range of synthetically challenging chiral tetra-ortho-substituted biaryls in excellent enantioselectivities and yields. In addition to the enhanced reactivity for sterically hindered cross-coupling, the rational design of BaryPhos also enabled a new catalysis mode of asymmetric cross-coupling involving noncovalent interactions between the ligand and two coupling partners to effect efficient stereoinduction. This protocol is robust and practical, allowing for a concise enantioselective synthesis of therapeutically valuable male contraceptive and antitumor agent gossypol.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Organic and Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China.,Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jiawei Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Organic and Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Wei Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Organic and Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Wenjun Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Organic and Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China.,School of Chemistry and Material Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
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12
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Zhang D, Yu J. Palladium Complexes Bearing Chiral bis(NHC) Chelating Ligands on a Spiro Scaffold: Synthesis, Characterization, and Their Application in the Oxidative Kinetic Resolution of Secondary Alcohols. Organometallics 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.9b00833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dao Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, 200438 Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jueqin Yu
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, 200438 Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
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13
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(±)-trans-1,2-Cyclohexanediamine-Based Bis(NHC) Ligand for Cu-Catalyzed Asymmetric Conjugate Addition Reaction. Catalysts 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/catal9090780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bis(NHC) ligand precursors, L1, based on trans-1,2-diaminocyclohexane were designed and synthesized. To introduce chirality at the hydroxyamide side arm on the NHC of L1, a chiral β-amino alcohol, such as enantiopure leucinol, was used. Cu-catalyzed asymmetric conjugate addition reactions of cyclic and acyclic enones with Et2Zn were selected to evaluate the performance of L1 as a chiral ligand. For the reaction of cyclic enone, a combination of [bis(trimethylsilyl)acetylene]-(hexafluoroacetylacetonato)copper(I) (Cu(hfacac)(btmsa)) with a (±)-trans-1,2-cyclohexanediamine-based bis(NHC) ligand precursor, (rac; S,S)-L1, which was prepared from (S)-leucinol, was the most effective. Thus, treating 2-cyclohexen-1-one (3) with Et2Zn in the presence of catalytic amounts of Cu(hfacac)(btmsa) and (rac; S,S)-L1 afforded (R)-3-ethylcyclohexanone ((R)-4) with 97% ee. Similarly, use of (rac; R,R)-L1, which was prepared from (R)-leucinol, produced (S)-4 with 97% ee. Conversely, for the asymmetric 1,4-addition reaction of the acyclic enone, optically pure (−)-trans-1,2-cyclohexanediamine-based bis(NHC) ligand precursor, (R,R; S,S)-L1, worked efficiently. For example, 3-nonen-2-one (5) was reacted with Et2Zn using the CuOAc/(R,R; S,S)-L1 catalytic system to afford (R)-4-ethylnonan-2-one ((R)-6) with 90% ee. Furthermore, initially changing the counterion of the Cu precatalyst between an OAc and a ClO4 ligand on the metal reversed the facial selectivity of the approach of the substrates. Thus, the conjugate addition reaction of 5 with Et2Zn using the Cu(ClO4)2/(R,R; S,S)-L1 catalytic system, afforded (S)-6 with 75% ee.
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14
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Shen D, Xu Y, Shi SL. A Bulky Chiral N-Heterocyclic Carbene Palladium Catalyst Enables Highly Enantioselective Suzuki-Miyaura Cross-Coupling Reactions for the Synthesis of Biaryl Atropisomers. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:14938-14945. [PMID: 31460761 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b08578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Axially chiral biaryl scaffolds are essential structural units in chemistry. The asymmetric Pd-catalyzed Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction has been widely recognized as one of the most practical methods for constructing atropisomers of biaryls. However, longstanding challenges remain in this field. For example, substrate scope is often narrow and specialized, functional groups and heterocycles can lead to reduced reactivity and selectivity, bulky ortho-substituents are usually needed, and reported methods are generally inapplicable to tetra-ortho-substituted biaryls. We have developed an unprecedented highly enantioselective N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-Pd catalyzed Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction for the synthesis of atropisomeric biaryls. These reactions enable efficient coupling of aryl halides (Br, Cl) or aryl triflates with various types of aryl boron compounds (B(OH)2, Bpin, Bneo, BF3K), tolerate a remarkably broad scope of functional groups and heterocycles (>41 examples), employ low loading of catalyst (0.2-2 mol %), and proceed under mild conditions. The protocol provided general and efficient access to various atropisomeric biaryls and heterobiaryls in excellent enantioselectivities (up to 99% ee) with no need of using bulky ortho-substituted substrates and was effective for the synthesis of tetra-ortho-substituent biaryls. Moreover, the method was successfully applied to the diastereo- and enantioselective synthesis of atropisomeric ternaphthalenes. Critical to the success of the reaction is the development and application of an extremely bulky C2-symmetric chiral NHC, (R,R,R,R)-DTB-SIPE, as the ligand for palladium. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first highly enantioselective (>90% ee) example of a chiral NHC-metal-catalyzed C(sp2)-C(sp2) cross-coupling reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 345 Lingling Road , Shanghai 200032 , China.,School of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery (Ministry of Education) , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang 110016 , China
| | - Youjun Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery (Ministry of Education) , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang 110016 , China
| | - Shi-Liang Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 345 Lingling Road , Shanghai 200032 , China
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15
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Patel ND, Sieber JD, Tcyrulnikov S, Simmons BJ, Rivalti D, Duvvuri K, Zhang Y, Gao DA, Fandrick KR, Haddad N, Lao KS, Mangunuru HPR, Biswas S, Qu B, Grinberg N, Pennino S, Lee H, Song JJ, Gupton BF, Garg NK, Kozlowski MC, Senanayake CH. Computationally Assisted Mechanistic Investigation and Development of Pd-Catalyzed Asymmetric Suzuki-Miyaura and Negishi Cross-Coupling Reactions for Tetra- ortho-Substituted Biaryl Synthesis. ACS Catal 2018; 8:10190-10209. [PMID: 30450265 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b02509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Metal-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions are extensively employed in both academia and industry for the synthesis of biaryl derivatives for applications to both medicine and material science. Application of these methods to prepare tetra-ortho-substituted biaryls leads to chiral atropisomeric products that introduces the opportunity to use catalyst-control to develop asymmetric cross-coupling procedures to access these important compounds. Asymmetric Pd-catalyzed Suzuki-Miyaura and Negishi cross-coupling reactions to form tetra-ortho-substituted biaryls were studied employing a collection of P-chiral dihydrobenzooxaphosphole (BOP) and dihydrobenzoazaphosphole (BAP) ligands. Enantioselectivities of up to 95:5 and 85:15 er were identified for the Suzuki-Miyaura and Negishi cross-coupling reactions, respectively. Unique ligands for the Suzuki-Miyaura reaction vs the Negishi reaction were identified. A computational study on these Suzuki-Miyaura and Negishi cross-coupling reactions enabled an understanding in the differences between the enantiodiscriminating events between these two cross-coupling reactions. These results support that enantioselectivity in the Negishi reaction results from the reductive elimination step, whereas all steps in the Suzuki-Miyaura catalytic cycle contribute to the overall enantioselection with transmetalation and reductive elimination providing the most contribution to the observed selectivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitinchandra D. Patel
- Chemical Development, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc, 900 Ridgebury Road, Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
| | - Joshua D. Sieber
- Chemical Development, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc, 900 Ridgebury Road, Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, 1001 West Main Street, Richmond, Virginia 23284-3028, United States
| | - Sergei Tcyrulnikov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Bryan J. Simmons
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Daniel Rivalti
- Chemical Development, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc, 900 Ridgebury Road, Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
- Department of Chemical and Life Science Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, 601 Main Street, P.O. Box 843028, Richmond, Virginia 23284-3028, United States
| | - Krishnaja Duvvuri
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Yongda Zhang
- Chemical Development, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc, 900 Ridgebury Road, Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
| | - Donghong A. Gao
- Chemical Development, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc, 900 Ridgebury Road, Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
| | - Keith R. Fandrick
- Chemical Development, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc, 900 Ridgebury Road, Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
| | - Nizar Haddad
- Chemical Development, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc, 900 Ridgebury Road, Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
| | - Kendricks So Lao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, 55 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - Hari P. R. Mangunuru
- Chemical Development, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc, 900 Ridgebury Road, Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
- Department of Chemical and Life Science Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, 601 Main Street, P.O. Box 843028, Richmond, Virginia 23284-3028, United States
| | - Soumik Biswas
- Chemical Development, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc, 900 Ridgebury Road, Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
| | - Bo Qu
- Chemical Development, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc, 900 Ridgebury Road, Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
| | - Nelu Grinberg
- Chemical Development, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc, 900 Ridgebury Road, Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
| | - Scott Pennino
- Material and Analytical Sciences, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 900 Ridgebury Road, Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
| | - Heewon Lee
- Chemical Development, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc, 900 Ridgebury Road, Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
| | - Jinhua J. Song
- Chemical Development, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc, 900 Ridgebury Road, Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
| | - B. Frank Gupton
- Department of Chemical and Life Science Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, 601 Main Street, P.O. Box 843028, Richmond, Virginia 23284-3028, United States
| | - Neil K. Garg
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Marisa C. Kozlowski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Chris H. Senanayake
- Chemical Development, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc, 900 Ridgebury Road, Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
- Astatech BioPharmaceutical Corporation, 488 Kelin West Road, Wengjiang, Chendu, Sichuan 611130, People’s Republic of China
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16
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Liu JQ, Gou XX, Han YF. Chelating Bis(N-Heterocyclic Carbene) Palladium-Catalyzed Reactions. Chem Asian J 2018; 13:2257-2276. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201800583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 06/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Quan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry; College of Chemistry and Materials Science; Northwest University; Xi'an 710127 P.R. China
| | - Xing-Xing Gou
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry; College of Chemistry and Materials Science; Northwest University; Xi'an 710127 P.R. China
| | - Ying-Feng Han
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry; College of Chemistry and Materials Science; Northwest University; Xi'an 710127 P.R. China
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17
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Palladium(II) pyrazolyl–pyridyl complexes containing a sterically hindered N-heterocyclic carbene moiety for the Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction. Inorganica Chim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2017.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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18
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Wu H, Han ZS, Qu B, Wang D, Zhang Y, Xu Y, Grinberg N, Lee H, Song JJ, Roschangar F, Wang G, Senanayake CH. P-Stereogenic Chiral Phosphine−Palladium Complex Catalyzed Enantioselective Synthesis of Phosphoryl-Substituted Atropisomeric Vinylarenes. Adv Synth Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201700837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wu
- Department of Chemical Development; Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc.; 900 Old Ridgebury Road, P.O. Box 368 Ridgefield, CT 06877 USA
| | - Zhengxu S. Han
- Department of Chemical Development; Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc.; 900 Old Ridgebury Road, P.O. Box 368 Ridgefield, CT 06877 USA
| | - Bo Qu
- Department of Chemical Development; Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc.; 900 Old Ridgebury Road, P.O. Box 368 Ridgefield, CT 06877 USA
| | - Dan Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Old Dominion University; 401 Alfriend Chemistry Bldg Norfolk, VA 23529 USA
| | - Yongda Zhang
- Department of Chemical Development; Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc.; 900 Old Ridgebury Road, P.O. Box 368 Ridgefield, CT 06877 USA
| | - Yibo Xu
- Department of Chemical Development; Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc.; 900 Old Ridgebury Road, P.O. Box 368 Ridgefield, CT 06877 USA
| | - Nelu Grinberg
- Department of Chemical Development; Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc.; 900 Old Ridgebury Road, P.O. Box 368 Ridgefield, CT 06877 USA
| | - Heewon Lee
- Department of Chemical Development; Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc.; 900 Old Ridgebury Road, P.O. Box 368 Ridgefield, CT 06877 USA
| | - Jinhua J. Song
- Department of Chemical Development; Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc.; 900 Old Ridgebury Road, P.O. Box 368 Ridgefield, CT 06877 USA
| | - Frank Roschangar
- Department of Chemical Development; Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc.; 900 Old Ridgebury Road, P.O. Box 368 Ridgefield, CT 06877 USA
| | - Guijun Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Old Dominion University; 401 Alfriend Chemistry Bldg Norfolk, VA 23529 USA
| | - Chris H. Senanayake
- Department of Chemical Development; Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc.; 900 Old Ridgebury Road, P.O. Box 368 Ridgefield, CT 06877 USA
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19
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Jia X, Zhao F. Novel phosphorus-coordinated palladium(II) complexes derived from 3,5-disubstituted-1H-1,2,4-diazaphospholes: Synthesis and catalytic application in Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reactions. Inorganica Chim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2017.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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20
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Tang J, He Y, Yu J, Zhang D. N,N′-Bisaryl Substituted Chiral Linker-Bridged Bis(N-Heterocyclic Carbene) Palladium Complexes: Design, Synthesis, and Catalytic Properties. Organometallics 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.7b00092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Junkai Tang
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Yu He
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Jianfeng Yu
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Dao Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, PR China
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21
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Synthesis, characterization, crystal structure and in vitro anticancer potentials of mono and bimetallic palladium(II)–N–heterocyclic carbene complexes. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2016.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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22
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Lin YF, Liu CH, Hu CH, Chiu CW. Non-chelating polydentate N-heterocyclic carbenes through assembly approaches. PHOSPHORUS SULFUR 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/10426507.2015.1128918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Fan Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsun Liu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Hao Hu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Wen Chiu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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23
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Loxq P, Manoury E, Poli R, Deydier E, Labande A. Synthesis of axially chiral biaryl compounds by asymmetric catalytic reactions with transition metals. Coord Chem Rev 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2015.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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24
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Ortiz AM, Sánchez-Méndez A, de Jesús E, Flores JC, Gómez-Sal P, Mendicuti F. Poly(benzyl ether) Dendrimers Functionalized at the Core with Palladium Bis(N-Heterocyclic Carbene) Complexes as Catalysts for the Heck Coupling Reaction. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:1304-14. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b02629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alba M. Ortiz
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
y Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Alcalá, Edificio de Farmacia, Campus Universitario, E28871 Alcalá
de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Sánchez-Méndez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
y Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Alcalá, Edificio de Farmacia, Campus Universitario, E28871 Alcalá
de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ernesto de Jesús
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
y Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Alcalá, Edificio de Farmacia, Campus Universitario, E28871 Alcalá
de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan C. Flores
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
y Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Alcalá, Edificio de Farmacia, Campus Universitario, E28871 Alcalá
de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Gómez-Sal
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
y Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Alcalá, Edificio de Farmacia, Campus Universitario, E28871 Alcalá
de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Mendicuti
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Alcalá, E28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
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25
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Zhang D, He Y, Tang J. Chiral linker-bridged bis-N-heterocyclic carbenes: design, synthesis, palladium complexes, and catalytic properties. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:11699-709. [DOI: 10.1039/c6dt00984k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of chiral linker-bridged bis(NHC) palladium complexes have been designed, synthesized and showed obviously different catalytic properties in the asymmetric Suzuki–Miyaura coupling reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dao Zhang
- Department of Chemistry
- Fudan University
- Shanghai
- People's Republic of China
| | - Yu He
- Department of Chemistry
- Fudan University
- Shanghai
- People's Republic of China
| | - Junkai Tang
- Department of Chemistry
- Fudan University
- Shanghai
- People's Republic of China
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26
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Salemi H, Kaboudin B, Kazemi F, Yokomatsu T. Highly water-dispersible magnetite nanoparticle supported-palladium–β-cyclodextrin as an efficient catalyst for Suzuki–Miyaura and Sonogashira coupling reactions. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra04575h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A novel highly water-dispersible and recoverable magnetite supported palladium–β-cyclodextrin complex as efficient catalyst in Suzuki–Miyaura and Sonogashira carbon–carbon coupling reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. Salemi
- Department of Chemistry
- Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences
- Gava Zang
- Iran
| | - B. Kaboudin
- Department of Chemistry
- Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences
- Gava Zang
- Iran
| | - F. Kazemi
- Department of Chemistry
- Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences
- Gava Zang
- Iran
| | - T. Yokomatsu
- School of Pharmacy
- Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences
- Hachioji
- Japan
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27
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Feng J, Li B, He Y, Gu Z. Enantioselective Synthesis of Atropisomeric Vinyl Arene Compounds by Palladium Catalysis: A Carbene Strategy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 55:2186-90. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201509571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Revised: 11/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Feng
- Department of Chemistry; University of Science and Technology of China; 96 Jinzhai Road Hefei, Anhui 230026 China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Chemistry; University of Science and Technology of China; 96 Jinzhai Road Hefei, Anhui 230026 China
| | - Yun He
- Department of Chemistry; University of Science and Technology of China; 96 Jinzhai Road Hefei, Anhui 230026 China
| | - Zhenhua Gu
- Department of Chemistry; University of Science and Technology of China; 96 Jinzhai Road Hefei, Anhui 230026 China
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28
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Feng J, Li B, He Y, Gu Z. Enantioselective Synthesis of Atropisomeric Vinyl Arene Compounds by Palladium Catalysis: A Carbene Strategy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201509571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Feng
- Department of Chemistry; University of Science and Technology of China; 96 Jinzhai Road Hefei, Anhui 230026 China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Chemistry; University of Science and Technology of China; 96 Jinzhai Road Hefei, Anhui 230026 China
| | - Yun He
- Department of Chemistry; University of Science and Technology of China; 96 Jinzhai Road Hefei, Anhui 230026 China
| | - Zhenhua Gu
- Department of Chemistry; University of Science and Technology of China; 96 Jinzhai Road Hefei, Anhui 230026 China
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29
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Cherney AH, Kadunce NT, Reisman SE. Enantioselective and Enantiospecific Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling Reactions of Organometallic Reagents To Construct C-C Bonds. Chem Rev 2015; 115:9587-652. [PMID: 26268813 PMCID: PMC4566132 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 629] [Impact Index Per Article: 69.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alan H Cherney
- The Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Nathaniel T Kadunce
- The Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Sarah E Reisman
- The Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, California 91125, United States
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30
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Maluenda I, Navarro O. Recent developments in the Suzuki-Miyaura reaction: 2010-2014. Molecules 2015; 20:7528-57. [PMID: 25919276 PMCID: PMC6272665 DOI: 10.3390/molecules20057528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 249] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2015] [Revised: 04/10/2015] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The Suzuki-Miyaura reaction (SMR), involving the coupling of an organoboron reagent and an organic halide or pseudo-halide in the presence of a palladium or nickel catalyst and a base, has arguably become one of most utilized tools for the construction of a C-C bond. This review intends to be general account of all types of catalytic systems, new coupling partners and applications, including the literature between September 2010 and December 2014.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Maluenda
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QJ, UK
| | - Oscar Navarro
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QJ, UK.
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31
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Zhang D, Wang Q. Palladium catalyzed asymmetric Suzuki–Miyaura coupling reactions to axially chiral biaryl compounds: Chiral ligands and recent advances. Coord Chem Rev 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2014.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 194] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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32
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33
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Liu QX, Cai KQ, Zhao ZX. Synthesis, structure and catalysis of a NHC–Pd(ii) complex based on a tetradentate mixed ligand. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra11089k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
NHC–Pd(ii) complex 1 has been prepared. The catalytic activity of 1 in C–C coupling reactions was studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Xiang Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules
- Key Laboratory of Inorganic–Organic Hybrid Functional Material Chemistry
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Tianjin Normal University
| | - Kang-Qing Cai
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules
- Key Laboratory of Inorganic–Organic Hybrid Functional Material Chemistry
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Tianjin Normal University
| | - Zhi-Xiang Zhao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules
- Key Laboratory of Inorganic–Organic Hybrid Functional Material Chemistry
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Tianjin Normal University
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34
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Yang J, Xie GD, Chen XF, Wu D, Lin XM, Zhang G, Cai YP. A series of variable coordination polymers based on flexible aromatic carboxylates. CrystEngComm 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ce01994f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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35
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Chen YH, Peng KE, Lee GH, Peng SM, Chiu CW. Symmetrical non-chelating poly-N-heterocyclic carbenes. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra12597e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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