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Larghi EL, Bracca ABJ, Simonetti SO, Kaufman TS. Relevant Developments in the Use of Three-Component Reactions for the Total Synthesis of Natural Products. The last 15 Years. ChemistryOpen 2024; 13:e202300306. [PMID: 38647363 PMCID: PMC11095226 DOI: 10.1002/open.202300306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Multicomponent reactions (MCRs) offer a highly useful and valuable strategy that can fulfill an important role in synthesizing complex polysubstituted compounds, by simplifying otherwise long sequences and increasing their efficiency. The total synthesis of selected natural products employing three-component reactions as their common strategic MCR approach, is reviewed on a case-by-case basis with selected targets conquered during the last 15 years. The revision includes detailed descriptions of the selected successful sequences; relevant information on the isolation, and bioactivity of the different natural targets is also briefly provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrique L. Larghi
- Instituto de Química Rosario IQUIR (CONICET-UNR)Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y FarmacéuticasUniversidad Nacional de Rosario (UNR)Suipacha 5312000RosarioArgentina
| | - Andrea B. J. Bracca
- Instituto de Química Rosario IQUIR (CONICET-UNR)Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y FarmacéuticasUniversidad Nacional de Rosario (UNR)Suipacha 5312000RosarioArgentina
| | - Sebastian O. Simonetti
- Instituto de Química Rosario IQUIR (CONICET-UNR)Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y FarmacéuticasUniversidad Nacional de Rosario (UNR)Suipacha 5312000RosarioArgentina
| | - Teodoro S. Kaufman
- Instituto de Química Rosario IQUIR (CONICET-UNR)Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y FarmacéuticasUniversidad Nacional de Rosario (UNR)Suipacha 5312000RosarioArgentina
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2
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Richards CA, Rath NP, Neely JM. Carbene-Like Reactivity in an Iron Azametallacyclobutene Complex: Insights from Electronic Structure. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:13266-13270. [PMID: 35969221 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c01980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Herein we describe our investigation into the electronic structure of the first isolated monometallic iron azametallacyclobutene complex. Computational analysis through density functional theory calculations reveals electron delocalization throughout the four atoms of the ring system, in line with experimental observations and supporting the classification of this complex as a conjugated metallacycle. The results of this study also point to significant contribution from an imine-substituted iron carbene resonance structure to the overall bonding picture for the azametallacyclobutene. Accordingly, this complex participates in carbene-like reactivity in the presence of an isocyanide substrate to generate a ketenimine product. The related reaction with carbon monoxide leads to the isolation of a five-membered metallacycle that is analogous to the proposed intermediate in ketenimine formation, and confirms the α-carbon as the site of reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corey A Richards
- Department of Chemistry, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri 63103, United States
| | - Nigam P Rath
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri─St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63121, United States
| | - Jamie M Neely
- Department of Chemistry, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri 63103, United States
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3
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Richards CA, Rath NP, Neely JM. Isolation and Reactivity of an Iron Azametallacyclobutene Complex. Organometallics 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.2c00151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Corey A. Richards
- Department of Chemistry, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, Missouri 63103, United States
| | - Nigam P. Rath
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri-St. Louis, Saint Louis, Missouri 63121, United States
| | - Jamie M. Neely
- Department of Chemistry, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, Missouri 63103, United States
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Aldrich KE, Kansal D, Odom AL. Catalyst design insights from modelling a titanium-catalyzed multicomponent reaction. Faraday Discuss 2019; 220:208-230. [PMID: 31528974 DOI: 10.1039/c9fd00033j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
High oxidation state transition metal catalysis touches our daily lives through bulk chemical production, e.g. olefin polymerization, and through specialty chemical reactions common in organic synthesis, e.g. the Sharpless asymmetric epoxidation and olefin dihydroxylation. Our group has been expanding the reaction chemistry of titanium(iv) to produce a host of nitrogen-based heterocycles via multicomponent coupling reactions. One such multicomponent coupling reaction discovered in our laboratory is iminoamination, involving an amine, an alkyne, and an isonitrile. However, the experimental modeling of high oxidation state reactions lags far behind that of low oxidation state systems, where a great deal is known about ligands, their donor properties and how their structures affect catalysis. As a result, we have developed an experimental method for determining the donor abilities of anionic ligands on high oxidation state systems, which is based on the chromium(vi) nitride system NCr(NiPr2)2X, where X = the ligand being interrogated. The parameters obtained are simply called ligand donor parameters (LDP). In this contribution, a detailed optimization of the Ti(NMe2)2(dpm)-catalyzed iminoamination reaction was carried out, where dpm = 5,5-dimethyldipyrrolylmethane. During the course of these studies, dimeric {Ti(μ-N-tolyl)(dpm)}2 was isolated, which is proposed as the resting state of the catalyst. To destabilize this resting state, a more electron-rich bis(aryloxide) catalyst system was investigated. The more electron-rich system is somewhat more active for iminoamination under some conditions; however, the catalyst is prone to disproportionation. A study of heteroleptic titanium complexes revealed that the disproportionation equilibrium constant can be effectively modeled as a function of the square of the difference in LDP between the ligands, (ΔLDP)2. Using this methodology, one can estimate the stability of titanium complexes toward disproportionation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly E Aldrich
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 S. Shaw Ln, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
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Aldrich KE, Odom AL. A silica-supported titanium catalyst for heterogeneous hydroamination and multicomponent coupling reactions. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:11352-11360. [PMID: 31281914 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt01835b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Highly dehydrated silica gel, SiO2700, gave a material with a total surface hydroxyl density of 0.31 ± 0.05 mmol g-1, 0.9 ± 0.1 Si-OH sites per nm2. Treatment of this material with Ti(NMe2)4 gave Ti(NMe2)3/SiO2700, which is 1.50% ± 0.07 Ti, where the titanium is bound to the surface, on average, through a single O-Si-Ti linkage. This material was tested for its properties as a catalyst for C-N bond forming reactions and was found to be a competent alkyne hydroamination and iminoamination catalyst. For iminoamination, which is the 3-component coupling of an alkyne, primary amine, and isonitrile, this heterogeneous catalyst was able to carry out some catalyses faster than previously reported homogeneous catalysts with lower catalyst loadings. The material is also a catalyst for the addition of aniline to dicyclohexylcarbodiimide to form a substituted guanidine. In addition, a known quinoline with biological activity was prepared using the heterogeneous catalyst in a one-pot procedure using half the catalyst loading of the previously reported synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly E Aldrich
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 S Shaw Ln, East Lansing, MI, 48824 USA.
| | - Aaron L Odom
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 S Shaw Ln, East Lansing, MI, 48824 USA.
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Aldrich KE, Odom AL. Titanium-Catalyzed Hydroamination and Multicomponent Coupling with a Simple Silica-Supported Catalyst. Organometallics 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kelly E. Aldrich
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 South Shaw Lane, East Lansing, Michigan 48823, United States
| | - Aaron L. Odom
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 South Shaw Lane, East Lansing, Michigan 48823, United States
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Clough BA, Mountford P. Synthesis of Titanium Borylimido Compounds Supported by Diamide-Amine Ligands and Their Reactions with Alkynes. Organometallics 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin A. Clough
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Philip Mountford
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
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Odom AL, McDaniel TJ. Titanium-catalyzed multicomponent couplings: efficient one-pot syntheses of nitrogen heterocycles. Acc Chem Res 2015; 48:2822-33. [PMID: 26295382 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.5b00280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen-based heterocycles are important frameworks for pharmaceuticals, natural products, organic dyes for solar cells, and many other applications. Catalysis for the formation of heterocyclic scaffolds, like many C-C and C-N bond-forming reactions, has focused on the use of rare, late transition metals like palladium and gold. Our group is interested in the use of Earth-abundant catalysts based on titanium to generate heterocycles using multicomponent coupling strategies, often in one-pot reactions. To be of maximal utility, the catalysts need to be easily prepared from inexpensive reagents, and that has been one guiding principle in the research. For this purpose, a series of easily prepared pyrrole-based ligands has been developed. Titanium imido complexes are known to catalyze the hydroamination of alkynes, and this reaction has been used to advantage in the production of α,β-unsaturated imines from 1,3-enynes and pyrroles from 1,4-diynes. Likewise, catalyst design can be used to find complexes applicable to hydrohydrazination, coupling of a hydrazine and alkyne, which is a method for the production of hydrazones. Many of the hydrazones synthesized are converted to indoles through Fischer cyclization by addition of a Lewis acid. However, more complex products are available in a single catalytic cycle through coupling of isonitriles, primary amines, and alkynes to give tautomers of 1,3-diimines, iminoamination (IA). The products of IA are useful intermediates for the one-pot synthesis of pyrazoles, pyrimidines, isoxazoles, quinolines, and 2-amino-3-cyanopyridines. The regioselectivity of the reactions is elucidated in some detail for some of these heterocycles. The 2-amino-3-cyanopyridines are synthesized through isolable intermediates, 1,2-dihydro-2-iminopyridines, which undergo Dimroth rearrangement driven by aromatization of the pyridine ring; the proposed mechanism of the reaction is discussed. The IA-based heterocyclic syntheses can be accomplished start to finish (catalyst generation to heterocyclic synthesis) in a single vessel. The catalyst can be formed in situ from commercially available Ti(NMe2)4 and the protonated form of the ligand. Then, the primary amine, alkyne, and isonitrile are added to the flask, and the IA product is synthesized. The volatiles are removed (if necessary), and the next reagent is added. A brief video showing the process for the simple heterocycle 4-phenylpyrazole from phenylacetylene, cyclohexylamine, tert-butylisonitrile, and hydrazine hydrate is included. Further development in this field will unlock new, efficient reactions for the production of carbon-carbon and carbon-nitrogen bonds. As an example of such a process recently discovered, a catalyst for the regioselective production of pyrazoles in a single step from terminal alkynes, hydrazines, and cyclohexylisonitrile is discussed. Using titanium catalysis, many heterocyclic cores can be accessed easily and efficiently. Further, the early metal chemistry described is often orthogonal to late metal-based reactions, which use substrates like aryl halides, silyl groups, boryl groups, and so forth. As a result, earth-abundant and nontoxic titanium can fulfill important roles in the synthesis of useful classes of compounds like heterocycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron L. Odom
- Michigan State University, Department of Chemistry, 578 South Shaw Lane, East
Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Tanner J. McDaniel
- Michigan State University, Department of Chemistry, 578 South Shaw Lane, East
Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
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Catalytic formal [2+2+1] synthesis of pyrroles from alkynes and diazenes via Ti(II)/Ti(IV) redox catalysis. Nat Chem 2015; 8:63-8. [PMID: 26673265 DOI: 10.1038/nchem.2386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2015] [Accepted: 09/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Pyrroles are structurally important heterocycles. However, the synthesis of polysubstituted pyrroles is often challenging. Here, we report a multicomponent, Ti-catalysed formal [2+2+1] reaction of alkynes and diazenes for the oxidative synthesis of penta- and trisubstituted pyrroles: a nitrenoid analogue to classical Pauson-Khand-type syntheses of cyclopentenones. Given the scarcity of early transition-metal redox catalysis, preliminary mechanistic studies are presented. Initial stoichiometric and kinetic studies indicate that the mechanism of this reaction proceeds through a formally Ti(II)/Ti(IV) redox catalytic cycle, in which an azatitanacyclobutene intermediate, resulting from [2+2] alkyne + Ti imido coupling, undergoes a second alkyne insertion followed by reductive elimination to yield pyrrole and a Ti(II) species. The key component for catalytic turnover is the reoxidation of the Ti(II) species to a Ti(IV) imido via the disproportionation of an η(2)-diazene-Ti(II) complex.
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Boyarskiy VP, Bokach NA, Luzyanin KV, Kukushkin VY. Metal-Mediated and Metal-Catalyzed Reactions of Isocyanides. Chem Rev 2015; 115:2698-779. [DOI: 10.1021/cr500380d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 388] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Vadim P. Boyarskiy
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, 198504 Stary Petergof, Russian Federation
| | - Nadezhda A. Bokach
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, 198504 Stary Petergof, Russian Federation
| | - Konstantin V. Luzyanin
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, 198504 Stary Petergof, Russian Federation
| | - Vadim Yu. Kukushkin
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, 198504 Stary Petergof, Russian Federation
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Obenhuber AH, Gianetti TL, Bergman RG, Arnold J. Regioselective [2+2] and [4+2] cycloaddition reactivity in an asymmetric niobium(bisimido) moiety towards unsaturated organic molecules. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:1278-81. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc07851a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The asymmetric bis-imido structure and the lability of the diethyl ether linkage in complex 1 provide a niobium complex that undergoes regioselective [4+2] cycloaddition reactions with an α,β-unsaturated ketone and cycloaddition reactions that involve bond formation to the MAD ligand (MAD = monoazabutadiene).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - T. L. Gianetti
- Department of Chemistry
- University of California
- Berkeley
- USA
| | - R. G. Bergman
- Department of Chemistry
- University of California
- Berkeley
- USA
| | - J. Arnold
- Department of Chemistry
- University of California
- Berkeley
- USA
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12
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Huang CYD, Doyle AG. The chemistry of transition metals with three-membered ring heterocycles. Chem Rev 2014; 114:8153-98. [PMID: 24869559 DOI: 10.1021/cr500036t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 374] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Kim Y, Choi S, Kim WY. Efficient Basin-Hopping Sampling of Reaction Intermediates through Molecular Fragmentation and Graph Theory. J Chem Theory Comput 2014; 10:2419-26. [DOI: 10.1021/ct500136x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yeonjoon Kim
- Department
of Chemistry, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-701, Korea
| | - Sunghwan Choi
- Department
of Chemistry, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-701, Korea
| | - Woo Youn Kim
- Department
of Chemistry, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-701, Korea
- KAIST
Institute for NanoCentury, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-701, Korea
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Schweizer PD, Wadepohl H, Gade LH. Zirconium and Hafnium Hydrazinediido Half-Sandwich Complexes: Synthesis and Reactivity. Organometallics 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/om500087s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter D. Schweizer
- Anorganisch-Chemisches
Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hubert Wadepohl
- Anorganisch-Chemisches
Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lutz H. Gade
- Anorganisch-Chemisches
Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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Scholl SA, Plundrich GT, Wadepohl H, Gade LH. Zirconium complexes supported by an N-perfluoro-arylated diamidopyridyl ligand: synthesis of hydrazinediido complexes. Inorg Chem 2013; 52:10158-66. [PMID: 23941662 DOI: 10.1021/ic401603y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The N-perfluoro-phenylated pyridyldiamine H2N2(PFP)N(py) (1) has been prepared by a palladium-catalyzed coupling of hexafluorobenzene and the diamine (H2NCH2)2C(CH3)(2-C5H4N) using the palladacycle trans-di(μ-acetato)bis[o-(di-o-tolylphosphino)benzyl]palladium(II) as catalyst. Reactions of H2N2(PFP)N(py) and Zr(NMe2)4 at room temperature or 90 °C led to the complexes [(N(PFP)N2(TFAP)N(py))ZrF(NMe2)] (2) and [(N2(TFAP)N(py))ZrF2] (3) in which one or two dimethylamido groups replaced one or two ortho fluorine atoms of the pentafluorophenyl groups in the ligand. Reaction of Me3SiX (X = Cl, I) with [(N2(TFAP)N(py))ZrF2] (3) resulted in the formation of mixed halogenated complexes [(N2(TFAP)N(py))ZrFI] (4) and [(N2(TFAP)N(py))ZrFCl] (5) in which the axially bound fluorido ligand is substituted. Reaction of [(N2(TFAP)N(py))ZrF2] (3) with LiNHNPh2 afforded the monohydrazido(1-) complex [(N2(TFAP)N(py))ZrF(NHNPh2)] (6) which was converted to the dimeric fluoro-potassium bridged hydrazinediido complex [Zr(N2(TFAP)N(py))FNNPh2K]2 (7) using KHMDS. The corresponding reaction with LiHMDS yielded the monomeric, donor free complex [Zr(N2(TFAP)N(py))NNPh2] (8).
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Affiliation(s)
- Solveig A Scholl
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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Wu J, Chen Y, Chen Z, Liu W, Li Y, Pei H, Liu Y, Gao Q, Li W. Synthesis, Structures and DFT Studies of Imido-bridged and (Bis)ligand-coordinated Titanium Complexes. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.201300100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Pal Chaudhuri U, Shakya R, McClain JM, Klein EL, Powell DR, Grohmann A, Houser RP. Copper(II), iron(II), and manganese(II) complexes of 2-methyl-2-(2-pyridinyl)-1,3-propanediamine. Polyhedron 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2013.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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18
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Wicker BF, Fan H, Hickey AK, Crestani MG, Scott J, Pink M, Mindiola DJ. Evidence for the Existence of Terminal Scandium Imidos: Mechanistic Studies Involving Imido–Scandium Bond Formation and C–H Activation Reactions. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:20081-96. [DOI: 10.1021/ja307279r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin F. Wicker
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United
States
| | - Hongjun Fan
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United
States
| | - Anne K. Hickey
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United
States
| | - Marco G. Crestani
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United
States
| | - Jennifer Scott
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United
States
| | - Maren Pink
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United
States
| | - Daniel J. Mindiola
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United
States
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Gehrmann T, Plundrich GT, Wadepohl H, Gade LH. [2 + 2] Cycloaddition Products of Zirconium and Hafnium Hydrazinediides with Allenes and Heteroallenes and Their Thermally Induced Rearrangements. Organometallics 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/om300143h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thorsten Gehrmann
- Anorganisch-Chemisches
Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gudrun T. Plundrich
- Anorganisch-Chemisches
Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hubert Wadepohl
- Anorganisch-Chemisches
Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lutz H. Gade
- Anorganisch-Chemisches
Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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Gehrmann T, Scholl SA, Fillol JL, Wadepohl H, Gade LH. Alternative Reaction Pathways in Domino Reactions of Hydrazinediidozirconium Complexes with Alkynes. Chemistry 2012; 18:3925-41. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201103497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2011] [Revised: 01/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Gehrmann T, Kruck M, Wadepohl H, Gade LH. Stitching together SNx units in the coordination sphere of zirconium: assembly of a tris(imido)sulfite and a hydrazidobis(imido)sulfite. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:2397-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cc17594k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Dissanayake AA, Odom AL. Single-step synthesis of pyrazoles using titanium catalysis. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:440-2. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cc15809k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Dissanayake AA, Odom AL. Regioselective conversion of alkynes to 4-substituted and 3,4-disubstituted isoxazoles using titanium-catalyzed multicomponent coupling reactions. Tetrahedron 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2011.11.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Organometallic Complexes of Aminopyridines. ADVANCES IN HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-385464-3.00003-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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25
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Swartz II DL, Staples RJ, Odom AL. Synthesis and hydroamination catalysis with 3-aryl substituted pyrrolyl and dipyrrolylmethane titanium(iv) complexes. Dalton Trans 2011; 40:7762-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c1dt10127g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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26
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Majumder S, Odom AL. Titanium catalyzed one-pot multicomponent coupling reactions for direct access to substituted pyrimidines. Tetrahedron 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2010.02.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Organometallic Chemistry of Heterocycles. ADVANCES IN HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s0065-2725(10)10006-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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Majumder S, Gipson KR, Odom AL. A Multicomponent Coupling Sequence for Direct Access to Substituted Quinolines. Org Lett 2009; 11:4720-3. [DOI: 10.1021/ol901855b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Supriyo Majumder
- Michigan State University, Department of Chemistry, East Lansing, Michigan 48823
| | - Kevin R. Gipson
- Michigan State University, Department of Chemistry, East Lansing, Michigan 48823
| | - Aaron L. Odom
- Michigan State University, Department of Chemistry, East Lansing, Michigan 48823
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Majumder S, Gipson K, Staples R, Odom A. Pyrazole Synthesis Using a Titanium-Catalyzed Multicomponent Coupling Reaction and Synthesis of Withasomnine. Adv Synth Catal 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.200900293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Munhá RF, Veiros LF, Duarte MT, Fryzuk MD, Martins AM. Synthesis and structural studies of amido, hydrazido and imido zirconium(IV) complexes incorporating a diamido/diamine cyclam-based ligand. Dalton Trans 2009:7494-508. [PMID: 19727472 DOI: 10.1039/b907335c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The preparation, characterisation and structural analysis of a series of zirconium(IV) complexes that incorporate the diamido/diamine macrocyclic ligand Bn2Cyclam (Bn2Cyclam = 1,8-dibenzyl-1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane) are described. The reaction of one or two equivalents of the appropriate LiNHR reagents with [(Bn2Cyclam)ZrCl2] give the corresponding amido-chloride [(Bn2Cyclam)ZrCl(NHR)] (R = tBu, (2,6-iPr)Ph) or bis(amido) [(Bn2Cyclam)Zr(NHR)2] (R = iPr, tBu, (2,6-Me)Ph) complexes, respectively. Treatment of [(Bn2Cyclam)ZrCl(NH(2,6-iPr)Ph)] with one equiv. of MgClMe gives the base-free, monomeric imido complex [(Bn2Cyclam)Zr(N(2,6-iPr)Ph)]. The reaction of the tBu analog with MgClMe generates a dimeric bridging imido species [{(Bn2Cyclam)Zr}2(mu-NR)2], which can also be obtained by thermal decomposition of [(Bn2Cyclam)Zr(NHtBu)2] in toluene. The bis(hydrazido) complex [(Bn2Cyclam)Zr(NHNPh2)2] was obtained by reaction of [(Bn2Cyclam)ZrCl2] and two equiv. of LiNHNPh2. A hydrazido-chloride compound [(Bn2Cyclam)ZrCl(N(Ph)NBu(Ph))] was generated in a one-pot reaction between [(Bn2Cyclam)ZrCl2], LiBu and azobenzene. DFT calculations on [(Bn2Cyclam)ZrXY] complexes indicate that the coordination geometry adopted by these species is dictated by the steric bulk of the ligands X and Y, varying between six-coordinate prismatic and four-coordinate tetrahedral.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui F Munhá
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Av. Rovisco Pais No. 1, 1049-001, Lisboa, Portugal
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Barnea E, Majumder S, Staples RJ, Odom AL. One-Step Route to 2,3-Diaminopyrroles Using a Titanium-Catalyzed Four-Component Coupling. Organometallics 2009. [DOI: 10.1021/om9001928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eyal Barnea
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
| | - Supriyo Majumder
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
| | - Richard J. Staples
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
| | - Aaron L. Odom
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
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Guiducci AE, Boyd CL, Clot E, Mountford P. Reactions of cyclopentadienyl-amidinate titanium imido compounds with CO2: cycloaddition-extrusion vs. cycloaddition-insertion. Dalton Trans 2009:5960-79. [DOI: 10.1039/b901774g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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