1
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Bissonnette NB, Yang M, Pioch T, Bussink W, Gaillin C, McCarthy E, Dang L, Kirss RU. Kinetics of halide exchange in cyclopentadienylruthenium bis(triarylphosphine)halides. Polyhedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2022.115719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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2
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Mebs S, Kalläne SI, Braun T. Hapticity of asymmetric rhodium-allyl compounds in the light of real-space bonding indicators. Z KRIST-CRYST MATER 2018. [DOI: 10.1515/zkri-2017-2141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AbstractRhodium boryl complexes are valuable catalysts for hydro- or diboration reactions of alkenes, but can also react with ketones (R2C=O) and imines (R2C=NR′) giving rise to insertion products having formally Rh–R2C–O/NR′–B linkages. The resulting molecular structures, however, may show complex metal–ligand and ligand–ligand interaction patterns with often unclear metal–ligand connectivities (hapticities, ηn). In order to assign the correct hapticity in a set of asymmetric rhodium-allyl compounds with molecular structures indicating η1−5bonding, a comprehensive DFT study was conducted. The study comprises determination of a variety of real-space bonding indicators derived from computed electron and pair densities according to the AIM, ELI-D, NCI, and DORI topological and surface approaches, which uncover the metal–ligand connectivties and suggest an asymmetric ligand–metal donation/metal–ligand back-donation framework according to the Dewar–Chatt–Duncanson model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Mebs
- Institut für Experimentelle Physik , Freie Universität Berlin , Arnimalle 14 , D-14195 Berlin , Germany , Tel.: +493083856084
| | - Sabrina Imke Kalläne
- Institut für Chemie , Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin , Brook-Taylor-Str. 2 , D-12489 Berlin , Germany
| | - Thomas Braun
- Institut für Chemie , Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin , Brook-Taylor-Str. 2 , D-12489 Berlin , Germany
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3
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Brunner H, Tsuno T, Kurosawa T, Kitamura H, Ike H. Kinetic and Thermodynamic Control of Nitrile Dissociation in the Complexes ( RFe, RC)/( SFe, RC)-[CpFe(Prophos)NCR]X (X = I, PF 6) by the Inductive Effect. Organometallics 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Henri Brunner
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Takashi Tsuno
- Department of Applied Molecular Chemistry, College of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, Chiba 275-8575, Japan
| | - Takaki Kurosawa
- Department of Applied Molecular Chemistry, College of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, Chiba 275-8575, Japan
| | - Hikaru Kitamura
- Department of Applied Molecular Chemistry, College of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, Chiba 275-8575, Japan
| | - Hayato Ike
- Department of Applied Molecular Chemistry, College of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, Chiba 275-8575, Japan
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4
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Matsuo H, Toganoh M, Ishida M, Mori S, Furuta H. Stereoretentive Ligand Exchange Reactions of N-Fused Porphyrin Ruthenium(II) Complexes. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:13842-13851. [PMID: 28952311 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b01972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The ligand exchange reactions of the ruthenium(II) complex of N-fused tetraphenylporphyrin, Ru(NFp)(CO)2Cl (2), with various anions were investigated. The chloride ligand of the isomers 2a-c was stereoretentively exchanged with bromide (Br-), iodide (I-), and acetate (AcO-) anions in toluene at 100 °C, structures of which were confirmed by 1H NMR as well as single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The silver (AgOAc, AgOTf) and boron (NaBPh4) reagents also afforded the corresponding stereoretentive products. On the other hand, the reaction with NaBH4 afforded the hydride complex Ru(NFp)(CO)2H (7) with low stereospecificity, showing a higher reactivity of 2c than other isomers. The ligand dissociation mechanism was proposed with the help of theoretical calculations on the plausible five-coordinated intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideaki Matsuo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, and the Center for Molecular Systems, Kyushu University , 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Motoki Toganoh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, and the Center for Molecular Systems, Kyushu University , 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Ishida
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, and the Center for Molecular Systems, Kyushu University , 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Shigeki Mori
- Advanced Research Support Center, Ehime University , Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Furuta
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, and the Center for Molecular Systems, Kyushu University , 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
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5
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Brunner H, Kitamura H, Tsuno T. Kinetics of the S N1 Dissociation of Ligands L (Nitriles, Phosphines) in the Complexes [CpFe(P-P)L]PF 6 with Variable Chelate Ring Size. A Surprising Bimolecular Substitution in the Nonchelate Complex [CpFe(PPh 2Me) 2L]PF 6. Organometallics 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.7b00311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Henri Brunner
- Institut
für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Hikaru Kitamura
- Department
of Applied Molecular Chemistry, College of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, Chiba 275-8575, Japan
| | - Takashi Tsuno
- Department
of Applied Molecular Chemistry, College of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, Chiba 275-8575, Japan
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6
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Hill D, Delaney C, Clark M, Eaton M, Hassan B, Hendricks O, Dang DK, Kirss RU. Kinetics of phosphine substitution in CpRu(PPh 3) 2X (X = Cl, Br, I, N 3, and NCO). RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra02793a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The kinetics of phosphine substitution in CpRu(PPh3)2X (X = Cl, Br, I, N3, and NCO) is consistent with a dissociative mechanism. The complexes react with chloroform to yield CpRu(PPh3)2Cl by a mechanism that involves phosphine loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Hill
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology
- Northeastern University
- Boston
- USA
| | - Connor Delaney
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology
- Northeastern University
- Boston
- USA
| | - Miles Clark
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology
- Northeastern University
- Boston
- USA
| | - Mathew Eaton
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology
- Northeastern University
- Boston
- USA
| | - Bakar Hassan
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology
- Northeastern University
- Boston
- USA
| | | | - Duy Khoi Dang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology
- Northeastern University
- Boston
- USA
| | - Rein U. Kirss
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology
- Northeastern University
- Boston
- USA
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7
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Brunner H, Tsuno T, Bodensteiner M, Gärtner S, Miyahara C, Ito S, Kurosawa T, Koyama K. Co‐Crystallization of Half‐Sandwich (
R
M
,
R
C
)/(
S
M
,
R
C
) Diastereomers in Single Crystals. Eur J Inorg Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201600962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Henri Brunner
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Universität Regensburg 93040 Regensburg Germany
| | - Takashi Tsuno
- Department of Applied Molecular Chemistry College of Industrial Technology Nihon University 275‐8575 Narashino, Chiba Japan
| | - Michael Bodensteiner
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Universität Regensburg 93040 Regensburg Germany
| | - Stefanie Gärtner
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Universität Regensburg 93040 Regensburg Germany
| | - Chiemi Miyahara
- Department of Applied Molecular Chemistry College of Industrial Technology Nihon University 275‐8575 Narashino, Chiba Japan
| | - Seera Ito
- Department of Applied Molecular Chemistry College of Industrial Technology Nihon University 275‐8575 Narashino, Chiba Japan
| | - Takaki Kurosawa
- Department of Applied Molecular Chemistry College of Industrial Technology Nihon University 275‐8575 Narashino, Chiba Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Koyama
- Department of Applied Molecular Chemistry College of Industrial Technology Nihon University 275‐8575 Narashino, Chiba Japan
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8
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Komiya N, Nakajima T, Hotta M, Maeda T, Matsuoka T, Kawamorita S, Naota T. Kinetic Studies of the Chirality Inversion of Salicylaldiminato-Ruthenium Using Racemic η6-p-Cymene Complexes as a Mechanistic Probe. Eur J Inorg Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201600221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Naruyoshi Komiya
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Engineering Science; Osaka University; Machikaneyama 560-8531 Toyonaka Osaka Japan
- Chemistry Laboratory; The Jikei University School of Medicine; Kokuryo 182-8570 Chofu Tokyo Japan
| | - Tomoko Nakajima
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Engineering Science; Osaka University; Machikaneyama 560-8531 Toyonaka Osaka Japan
| | - Masato Hotta
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Engineering Science; Osaka University; Machikaneyama 560-8531 Toyonaka Osaka Japan
| | - Takatoshi Maeda
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Engineering Science; Osaka University; Machikaneyama 560-8531 Toyonaka Osaka Japan
| | - Tatsuya Matsuoka
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Engineering Science; Osaka University; Machikaneyama 560-8531 Toyonaka Osaka Japan
| | - Soichiro Kawamorita
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Engineering Science; Osaka University; Machikaneyama 560-8531 Toyonaka Osaka Japan
| | - Takeshi Naota
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Engineering Science; Osaka University; Machikaneyama 560-8531 Toyonaka Osaka Japan
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9
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Schley ND, Halbert S, Raynaud C, Eisenstein O, Crabtree RH. Symmetrical Hydrogen Bonds in Iridium(III) Alkoxides with Relevance to Outer Sphere Hydrogen Transfer. Inorg Chem 2012; 51:12313-23. [DOI: 10.1021/ic301601c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nathan D. Schley
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut
06520-8107, United States
| | - Stéphanie Halbert
- Institut Charles Gerhardt, UMR
5253 CNRS, Université Montpellier 2, cc 1501, Place Eugène Bataillon Montpellier, 34095, France
| | - Christophe Raynaud
- Institut Charles Gerhardt, UMR
5253 CNRS, Université Montpellier 2, cc 1501, Place Eugène Bataillon Montpellier, 34095, France
| | - Odile Eisenstein
- Institut Charles Gerhardt, UMR
5253 CNRS, Université Montpellier 2, cc 1501, Place Eugène Bataillon Montpellier, 34095, France
| | - Robert H. Crabtree
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut
06520-8107, United States
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10
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Brunner H, Kurosawa T, Muschiol M, Tsuno T, Ike H. 16- and 17-Electron Intermediates in the MeCN/RNC Exchange in Chiral-at-Metal [CpFe(Prophos)NCMe]X (X = I, PF6). Organometallics 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/om3001789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Henri Brunner
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Takaki Kurosawa
- Department of Applied Molecular Chemistry, College of
Industrial Technology, Nihon University, Chiba 275-8575, Japan
| | - Manfred Muschiol
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Takashi Tsuno
- Department of Applied Molecular Chemistry, College of
Industrial Technology, Nihon University, Chiba 275-8575, Japan
| | - Hayato Ike
- Department of Applied Molecular Chemistry, College of
Industrial Technology, Nihon University, Chiba 275-8575, Japan
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11
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Brunner H, Muschiol M, Tsuno T, Ike H, Kurosawa T, Koyama K. Change of the Fe Configuration in Chiral Half-Sandwich Complexes Within the Solvent Cage. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 51:1067-70. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201104960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2011] [Revised: 11/11/2011] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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12
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Brunner H, Muschiol M, Tsuno T, Ike H, Kurosawa T, Koyama K. Änderung der Fe-Konfiguration in chiralen Halbsandwichkomplexen im Lösungsmittelkäfig. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201104960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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13
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Chamayou AC, Lüdeke S, Brecht V, Freedman TB, Nafie LA, Janiak C. Chirality and diastereoselection of Δ/Λ-configured tetrahedral zinc complexes through enantiopure Schiff base complexes: combined vibrational circular dichroism, density functional theory, 1H NMR, and X-ray structural studies. Inorg Chem 2011; 50:11363-74. [PMID: 22017347 DOI: 10.1021/ic2009557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The metal-centered Δ/Λ-chirality of four-coordinated, nonplanar Zn(A(^)B)(2) complexes is correlated to the chirality of the bidentate enantiopure (R)-A(^)B or (S)-A(^)B Schiff base building blocks [A(^)B = (R)- or (S)-N-(1-(4-X-phenyl)ethyl)salicylaldiminato-κ(2)N,O with X = OCH(3), Cl, Br]. In the solid-state the (R) ligand chirality induces a Λ-M configuration and the (S) ligand chirality quantitatively gives the Δ-M configuration upon crystallization as deduced from X-ray single crystal studies. The diastereoselections of the pseudotetrahedral zinc-Schiff base complexes in CDCl(3) solution were investigated by (1)H NMR and by vibrational circular dichroism (VCD) spectroscopy. The appearance of two signals for the Schiff-base -CH═N- imine proton in (1)H NMR indicates an equilibrium of both Δ- and Λ-diastereomers with a diastereomeric ratio of roughly 20:80% for all three ligands. VCD proved to be very sensitive to the metal-centered Δ/Λ-chirality because of a characteristic band representing coupled vibrations of the two ligand's C═N stretch modes. The absolute configuration was assigned on the basis of agreement in sign with theoretical VCD spectra from Density Functional Theory calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Christine Chamayou
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Universität Freiburg, Albertstrasse 21, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
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14
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Brunner H, Ike H, Muschiol M, Tsuno T, Koyama K, Kurosawa T, Zabel M. Diastereomer Ratio of Products as a Mechanistic Probe in Epimerization and Ligand Exchange of Chiral-at-Metal [CpFe(Prophos)NCMe]X (X = I, PF6). Organometallics 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/om2003893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Henri Brunner
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Hayato Ike
- Department of Applied Molecular Chemistry, College of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, Chiba 275-8575, Japan
| | - Manfred Muschiol
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Takashi Tsuno
- Department of Applied Molecular Chemistry, College of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, Chiba 275-8575, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Koyama
- Department of Applied Molecular Chemistry, College of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, Chiba 275-8575, Japan
| | - Takaki Kurosawa
- Department of Applied Molecular Chemistry, College of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, Chiba 275-8575, Japan
| | - Manfred Zabel
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
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15
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Brunner H, Ike H, Muschiol M, Tsuno T, Umegaki N, Zabel M. Chiral-at-Metal Compounds [CpFe(Prophos)L] (L = Cl, I, CN), [CpFe(Prophos)CO]X (X = I, PF6), and [IndFe(Prophos)CO]I. Organometallics 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/om100276t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Henri Brunner
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Hayato Ike
- Department of Applied Molecular Chemistry, College of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, Chiba 275-8575, Japan
| | - Manfred Muschiol
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Takashi Tsuno
- Department of Applied Molecular Chemistry, College of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, Chiba 275-8575, Japan
| | - Naohisa Umegaki
- Department of Applied Molecular Chemistry, College of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, Chiba 275-8575, Japan
| | - Manfred Zabel
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
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16
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Schiemenz GP. The impact of ion pair association upon the 1H NMR spectra of cationic complexes akin to Grubbs catalysts. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2010; 48:261-269. [PMID: 20157902 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.2570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
A reconsideration of the (1)H NMR spectra of cationic transition metal complexes exhibiting the features of cyclophanes on the basis of Mislow's classification of topic groups arrives at the conclusion that the spectral changes triggered by chiral counterions reflect an intracationic diastereotopication of enantiotopic protons rather than the existence of pairs of long-lived diastereomeric ion pairs.
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17
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Brunner H, Muschiol M, Tsuno T, Takahashi T, Zabel M. Pyramidal Stability of 16-Electron Half-Sandwich Intermediates [CpRu(P−P)]+ with P−P Ligands Forming Four- to Six-Membered Chelate Rings. Organometallics 2009. [DOI: 10.1021/om900830a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Henri Brunner
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Manfred Muschiol
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Takashi Tsuno
- Department of Applied Molecular Chemistry, College of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, Narashino, Chiba 275-8575, Japan
| | - Takemoto Takahashi
- Department of Applied Molecular Chemistry, College of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, Narashino, Chiba 275-8575, Japan
| | - Manfred Zabel
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
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18
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Abstract
In organometallic chemistry, ligand dissociation is a key intermediate step in many useful processes. The dissociation of halide from an 18-electron half-sandwich complex (that is, with a single cyclopentadienyl ligand) of the type [CpRu(P-P')Hal] leaves an unsaturated 16-electron intermediate [CpRu(P-P')](+), which is then ready for subsequent addition reactions. Does the intermediate maintain its structure with a vacant site in place of the dissociated ligand, or does it rearrange, either concurrent with its formation or subsequently? In other words, are the 16-electron species planar or pyramidal? The outcome is relevant for chiral-at-metal compounds [CpML(1)L(2)L(3)] because an intermediate [CpML(1)L(2)] retains its chirality with respect to the metal atom as long as it is pyramidal, whereas it loses its chiral information if it becomes planar. In this Account, we address experimental results and theoretical calculations that help illuminate the energetics of structural rearrangements after halide dissociation. The rate-determining step in the halide exchange and racemization reactions of (R(Ru))- and (S(Ru))-[CpRu(P-P')Cl] is the cleavage of the Ru-Cl bond to give pyramidal intermediates (R(Ru))- and (S(Ru))-[CpRu(P-P')](+), which have kept the original metal configurations. These unsaturated intermediates can react with added ligands, such as Br(-) or I(-) (k(2) paths). The substitution products form with retention of the metal configuration. However, the pyramidal intermediates (R(Ru))- and (S(Ru))-[CpRu(P-P')](+) can also invert to their mirror images (k(3) paths). For (R(Ru))- and (S(Ru))-[CpRu(P-P')](+), the barrier of the pyramidal inversion (k(3)) is much higher than that of the halide addition (k(2)). The competition ratio k(3)/k(2) determines how much racemization occurs in a ligand exchange reaction. The competition ratio k(3)/k(2) can be determined from the ratio of the (R(Ru))- and (S(Ru))-products, which is constant throughout the course of the reaction. For compounds like [CpRu(P-P')Hal], k(3)/k(2) is much smaller than 1, resulting in an energy profile that resembles a basilica. These results, established with chiral-at-metal compounds, are supported by calculations that show that 16-electron half-sandwich intermediates with sigma-donating ligands, such as [CpM(NH(3))(2)], adopt planar structures, whereas strongly pi-bonding ligands, as in [CpM(CO)(2)], lead to pyramidal intermediates. The computed activation energies for the pyramidal inversion are on the order of 10 kcal/mol, with the planar species being transition states. The ligand dissociation behavior of 18-electron transition metal complexes is compared with nucleophile dissociation in main group compounds with octet configurations; here we include new computational results. Without exception, unsaturated main group intermediates, such as the carbenium ions formed in S(N)1 reactions, are planar. Our results and analysis help put transition metal chemistry on a firmer mechanistic foundation, and chiral-at-metal compounds are invaluable to this end.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henri Brunner
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Takashi Tsuno
- Department of Applied Molecular Chemistry, College of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, Narashino, Chiba 275-8575, Japan
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19
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Djukic JP, Boulho C, Sredojevic D, Scheeren C, Zaric S, Ricard L, Pfeffer M. The Stereospecific Ligand Exchange at a Pseudo-BenzylicT-4 Iridium Centre in Planar-Chiral Cycloiridium (η6-Arene)tricarbonylchromium Complexes. Chemistry 2009; 15:10830-42. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200901344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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20
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Ito M, Osaku A, Kobayashi C, Shiibashi A, Ikariya T. A Convenient Method for the Synthesis of Protic 2-(Tertiary phosphino)-1-amines and Their Cp*RuCl Complexes. Organometallics 2008. [DOI: 10.1021/om801042b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masato Ito
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-S1-39 O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Akihide Osaku
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-S1-39 O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Chika Kobayashi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-S1-39 O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Akira Shiibashi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-S1-39 O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Takao Ikariya
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-S1-39 O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
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