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Schoening J, Gehlhaar A, Wölper C, Schulz S. Selective [2+1+1] Fragmentation of P 4 by heteroleptic Metallasilylenes. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202201031. [PMID: 35638137 PMCID: PMC9400957 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202201031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Small-molecule activation by low-valent main-group element compounds is of general interest. We here report the synthesis and characterization (1 H, 13 C, 29 Si NMR, IR, sc-XRD) of heteroleptic metallasilylenes L1 (Cl)MSiL2 (M=Al 1, Ga 2, L1 =HC[C(Me)NDipp]2 , Dipp=2,6-i Pr2 C6 H3 ; L2 =PhC(Nt Bu)2 ). Their electronic nature was analyzed by quantum chemical computations, while their promising potential in small-molecule activation was demonstrated in reactions with P4 , which occurred with unprecedented [2+1+1] fragmentation of the P4 tetrahedron and formation of L1 (Cl)MPSi(L2 )PPSi(L2 )PM(Cl)L1 (M=Al 3, Ga 4).
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliane Schoening
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry and Center forNanointegration Duisburg-Essen (Cenide)University of Duisburg-EssenUniversitätsstrasse 5–745117EssenGermany
| | - Alexander Gehlhaar
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry and Center forNanointegration Duisburg-Essen (Cenide)University of Duisburg-EssenUniversitätsstrasse 5–745117EssenGermany
| | - Christoph Wölper
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry and Center forNanointegration Duisburg-Essen (Cenide)University of Duisburg-EssenUniversitätsstrasse 5–745117EssenGermany
| | - Stephan Schulz
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry and Center forNanointegration Duisburg-Essen (Cenide)University of Duisburg-EssenUniversitätsstrasse 5–745117EssenGermany
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Roy MMD, Ferguson MJ, McDonald R, Zhou Y, Rivard E. A vinyl silylsilylene and its activation of strong homo- and heteroatomic bonds. Chem Sci 2019; 10:6476-6481. [PMID: 31341599 PMCID: PMC6610552 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc01192g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
![]() A facile route to an two-coordinate acyclic silylene that can activate strong homo- and heteroatomic bonds is reported.
The facile synthesis of a rare two-coordinate acyclic silylene (R2Si:) that is stabilized using a bulky vinylic N-heterocyclic olefin ligand and the strongly σ-donating hypersilyl group [Si(SiMe3)3]– is reported. This vinyl-substituted silylene exhibits an excellent combination of prolonged thermal stability along with high reactivity towards small molecules. Despite being stable for months in solution, the reactivity of this new silylene is manifest in its ambient temperature activation of strong B–H, Si–Cl, C–O, P–P and C–H bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew M D Roy
- Department of Chemistry , University of Alberta , 11227 Saskatchewan Drive , Edmonton , Alberta , Canada T6G 2G2 .
| | - Michael J Ferguson
- Department of Chemistry , University of Alberta , 11227 Saskatchewan Drive , Edmonton , Alberta , Canada T6G 2G2 .
| | - Robert McDonald
- Department of Chemistry , University of Alberta , 11227 Saskatchewan Drive , Edmonton , Alberta , Canada T6G 2G2 .
| | - Yuqiao Zhou
- Department of Chemistry , University of Alberta , 11227 Saskatchewan Drive , Edmonton , Alberta , Canada T6G 2G2 .
| | - Eric Rivard
- Department of Chemistry , University of Alberta , 11227 Saskatchewan Drive , Edmonton , Alberta , Canada T6G 2G2 .
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Chu T, Nikonov GI. Oxidative Addition and Reductive Elimination at Main-Group Element Centers. Chem Rev 2018; 118:3608-3680. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 342] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Terry Chu
- Department of Chemistry, Brock University, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, Ontario L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - Georgii I. Nikonov
- Department of Chemistry, Brock University, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, Ontario L2S 3A1, Canada
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Damrauer R. Computational studies of silanediimine rings. Polyhedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2015.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Martin CD, Weinstein CM, Moore CE, Rheingold AL, Bertrand G. Exploring the reactivity of white phosphorus with electrophilic carbenes: synthesis of a P4 cage and P8 clusters. Chem Commun (Camb) 2013; 49:4486-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cc42041h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Yao S, Xiong Y, Driess M. Zwitterionic and Donor-Stabilized N-Heterocyclic Silylenes (NHSis) for Metal-Free Activation of Small Molecules. Organometallics 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/om200017h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 346] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shenglai Yao
- Institute of Chemistry: Metalorganic and Inorganic Materials, Technische Universität Berlin, Sekr. C2, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Yun Xiong
- Institute of Chemistry: Metalorganic and Inorganic Materials, Technische Universität Berlin, Sekr. C2, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthias Driess
- Institute of Chemistry: Metalorganic and Inorganic Materials, Technische Universität Berlin, Sekr. C2, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
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Köchner T, Riedel S, Lehner AJ, Scherer H, Raabe I, Engesser TA, Scholz FW, Gellrich U, Eiden P, Paz Schmidt RA, Plattner DA, Krossing I. The reaction of white phosphorus with NO+/NO2(+)[Al(OR(F))4]-: the [P4NO]+ cluster formed by an unexpected nitrosonium insertion. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 49:8139-43. [PMID: 20865712 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201003031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Köchner
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum FMF, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstrasse 21, 70104 Freiburg, Germany
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Martin D, Soleilhavoup M, Bertrand G. Stable singlet carbenes as mimics for transition metal centers. Chem Sci 2011; 2:389-399. [PMID: 21743834 PMCID: PMC3129870 DOI: 10.1039/c0sc00388c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 545] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This perspective summarizes recent results, which demonstrate that stable carbenes can activate small molecules (CO, H(2), NH(3) and P(4)) and stabilize highly reactive intermediates (main group elements in the zero oxidation state and paramagnetic species). These two tasks were previously exclusive for transition metal complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Martin
- UCR-CNRS Joint Research Chemistry Laboratory (UMI 2957), Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California, 92521-0403, USA; Tel: +1 951 827 2719
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Szilvási T, Veszprémi T. On the mechanism of the reaction of white phosphorus with silylenes. Dalton Trans 2011; 40:7193-200. [DOI: 10.1039/c0dt01685c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Asay M, Jones C, Driess M. N-Heterocyclic Carbene Analogues with Low-Valent Group 13 and Group 14 Elements: Syntheses, Structures, and Reactivities of a New Generation of Multitalented Ligands. Chem Rev 2010; 111:354-96. [DOI: 10.1021/cr100216y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 979] [Impact Index Per Article: 69.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Asay
- Institute of Chemistry, Metalorganics and Inorganic Materials, Sekr. C2, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, D-10623 Berlin, Germany, and School of Chemistry, Monash University, Box 23, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Cameron Jones
- Institute of Chemistry, Metalorganics and Inorganic Materials, Sekr. C2, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, D-10623 Berlin, Germany, and School of Chemistry, Monash University, Box 23, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Matthias Driess
- Institute of Chemistry, Metalorganics and Inorganic Materials, Sekr. C2, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, D-10623 Berlin, Germany, and School of Chemistry, Monash University, Box 23, Victoria 3800, Australia
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Scheer M, Balázs G, Seitz A. P4 activation by main group elements and compounds. Chem Rev 2010; 110:4236-56. [PMID: 20438122 DOI: 10.1021/cr100010e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 373] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manfred Scheer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, 93043 Regensburg, Germany.
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Köchner T, Riedel S, Lehner AJ, Scherer H, Raabe I, Engesser TA, Scholz FW, Gellrich U, Eiden P, Paz Schmidt RA, Plattner DA, Krossing I. Die Reaktion des weißen Phosphors mit NO+/NO2+[Al(ORF)4]−: Bildung von [P4NO]+ durch eine unerwartete Nitrosonium-Insertion. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201003031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Damrauer R. Interactions of Tetrahedrane and Tetrasilatetrahedrane with CH2and SiH2: A Computational Study. Organometallics 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/om100193f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Damrauer
- Chemistry Department, Denver Campus, University of Colorado Denver, Box 194, P.O. Box 173364, Denver, Colorado 80217-3364
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Nyíri K, Szilvási T, Veszprémi T. The mechanism and energetics of insertion reactions of silylenes. Dalton Trans 2010; 39:9347-52. [DOI: 10.1039/c0dt00197j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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