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Pearce KG, Neale SE, McMullin CL, Mahon MF, Hill MS. Pathway to a molecular calcium methyl. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:7882-7885. [PMID: 38973507 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc02930e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
The dimeric β-diketiminato calcium hydride, [(BDI)CaH]2 (BDI = HC{(Me)CN-2,6-iPr2C6H3}2), reacts with ZnMe2 to afford the bimetallic calcium zincate complex, [(BDI)Ca(μ-CH3)2Zn(μ-H)]2, which subsequently undergoes an intramolecular reaction to effect the formation of [(BDI)CaMe]2, a notable omission from the homologous series of β-diketiminato alkylcalcium derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle G Pearce
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, UK.
| | - Samuel E Neale
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, UK.
| | - Claire L McMullin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, UK.
| | - Mary F Mahon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, UK.
| | - Michael S Hill
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, UK.
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2
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Yin ZB, Wei J, Xi Z. Trisyl-based multidentate ligands: synthesis and their transition-metal complexes. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:3431-3438. [PMID: 35179149 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt00049k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Herein we report the synthesis and applications of unusual trisyl-based multidentate ligands [trisyl = tris(trimethylsilyl)methyl, -C(SiMe3)3]. First, by applying a new trisyl synthon (Me3Si)2CH(SiMe2CH2Cl) 1, trisyl-based S- or N-containing compounds 2 were efficiently obtained. On treatment of these compounds 2 with MeLi, their corresponding S- or N-coordinated pincer-like trisyl-based lithium salts 3, including the S-bridged ditrisyl compound 3a [Li{C(SiMe3)2SiMe2CH2SCH2SiMe2C(SiMe3)2}Li(DME)3] and the N-coordinated monotrisyl compounds 3b [(NacNacDippLiCH2SiMe2C(SiMe3)2Li(THF)], 3c [Li(THF){C(SiMe3)2SiMe2CH2N(Me)CH2C5H4N-2}], and 3d [Li{C(SiMe3)2SiMe2CH2N(Me)CH2CH2N(iPr)2}] were synthesized and structurally characterized by single-crystal X-ray structural analysis. Second, to test these novel lithium salts as straightforward precursors for the synthesis of transition-metal complexes with unique structures, these lithium salts were applied to react with MCl2 (M = Cr, Mn, Fe, Co). Their corresponding transition-metal complexes 4-8 were obtained in high yields and structurally characterized by single-crystal X-ray structural analysis. Third, the preliminary reactivities of compound 4 were explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhu-Bao Yin
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Junnian Wei
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Zhenfeng Xi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
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3
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Khristolyubov DO, Lyubov DM, Trifonov AA. Alkyl complexes of divalent lanthanides and heavy alkaline earth metals. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2021. [DOI: 10.1070/rcr4992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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4
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Wilson ASS, Hill MS, Mahon MF. Calcium Hydride Insertion Reactions with Unsaturated C–C Bonds. Organometallics 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew S. S. Wilson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K
| | - Michael S. Hill
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K
| | - Mary F. Mahon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K
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5
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Wilson ASS, Hill MS, Mahon MF, Dinoi C, Maron L. Organocalcium-mediated nucleophilic alkylation of benzene. Science 2018; 358:1168-1171. [PMID: 29191904 DOI: 10.1126/science.aao5923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The electrophilic aromatic substitution of a C-H bond of benzene is one of the archetypal transformations of organic chemistry. In contrast, the electron-rich π-system of benzene is highly resistant to reactions with electron-rich and negatively charged organic nucleophiles. Here, we report that this previously insurmountable electronic repulsion may be overcome through the use of sufficiently potent organocalcium nucleophiles. Calcium n-alkyl derivatives-synthesized by reaction of ethene, but-1-ene, and hex-1-ene with a dimeric calcium hydride-react with protio and deutero benzene at 60°C through nucleophilic substitution of an aromatic C-D/H bond. These reactions produce the n-alkyl benzenes with regeneration of the calcium hydride. Density functional theory calculations implicate an unstabilized Meisenheimer complex in the C-H activation transition state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew S S Wilson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Michael S Hill
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK.
| | - Mary F Mahon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Chiara Dinoi
- Université de Toulouse et CNRS, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées, Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, UMR 5215, LPCNO, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, F-31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Laurent Maron
- Université de Toulouse et CNRS, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées, Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, UMR 5215, LPCNO, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, F-31077 Toulouse, France.
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6
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Westerhausen M, Koch A, Görls H, Krieck S. Heavy Grignard Reagents: Synthesis, Physical and Structural Properties, Chemical Behavior, and Reactivity. Chemistry 2016; 23:1456-1483. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201603786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Westerhausen
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry; Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena; Humboldtstraße 8 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Alexander Koch
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry; Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena; Humboldtstraße 8 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Helmar Görls
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry; Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena; Humboldtstraße 8 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Sven Krieck
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry; Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena; Humboldtstraße 8 07743 Jena Germany
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7
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Krieck S, Koch A, Hinze K, Müller C, Lange J, Görls H, Westerhausen M. s-Block Metal Complexes with Bis- and Tris(pyrazolyl)methane and -methanide Ligands. Eur J Inorg Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201501263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sven Krieck
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry; Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Humboldtstrasse 8 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Alexander Koch
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry; Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Humboldtstrasse 8 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Kay Hinze
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry; Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Humboldtstrasse 8 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Christoph Müller
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry; Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Humboldtstrasse 8 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Juliane Lange
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry; Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Humboldtstrasse 8 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Helmar Görls
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry; Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Humboldtstrasse 8 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Matthias Westerhausen
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry; Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Humboldtstrasse 8 07743 Jena Germany
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8
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Köhler M, Koch A, Görls H, Westerhausen M. Trimethylsilylmethylcalcium Iodide, an Easily Accessible Grignard-Type Reagent of a Heavy Alkaline Earth Metal. Organometallics 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.5b00956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Köhler
- Institute of Inorganic and
Analytical Chemistry, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Humboldtstraße
8, D-07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Alexander Koch
- Institute of Inorganic and
Analytical Chemistry, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Humboldtstraße
8, D-07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Helmar Görls
- Institute of Inorganic and
Analytical Chemistry, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Humboldtstraße
8, D-07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Matthias Westerhausen
- Institute of Inorganic and
Analytical Chemistry, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Humboldtstraße
8, D-07743 Jena, Germany
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9
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Köhler M, Langer J, Görls H, Westerhausen M. Solution Stability of Organocalcium Compounds in Ethereal Media. Organometallics 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/om5006935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Köhler
- Institute of Inorganic and
Analytical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse
8, D-07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Jens Langer
- Institute of Inorganic and
Analytical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse
8, D-07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Helmar Görls
- Institute of Inorganic and
Analytical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse
8, D-07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Matthias Westerhausen
- Institute of Inorganic and
Analytical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse
8, D-07743 Jena, Germany
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10
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11
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Langer J, Köhler M, Görls H, Westerhausen M. Halide-Free Diarylcalcium Complexes-Syntheses, Structures, and Stability. Chemistry 2014; 20:3154-61. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201304429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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12
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Langer J, Görls H. Synthesis, characterization and reactivity of potassium and barium complexes containing phosphane-borane stabilized methanides. Dalton Trans 2014; 43:458-68. [PMID: 24105349 DOI: 10.1039/c3dt52257a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The polymeric potassium complex [K{CH(PPh2BH3)2}]∞ (1) was prepared and used as a starting material for the syntheses of related N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine (tmeda) and N,N,N',N',N''-pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (pmdta) ligated potassium derivatives [K{CH(PPh2BH3)2}(tmeda)2]∞ (2) and [K{CH(PPh2BH3)2}(pmdta)]2 (3). Salt metathesis reactions with [BaI2(thf)5] allowed the synthesis of the barium derivatives [BaI{CH(PPh2BH3)2}(thf)5] (5) and [Ba{CH(PPh2BH3)2}2(solv)2}] (solv = Et2O, thf) (6), which are more prone to subsequent reactions than the potassium derivatives. One of the resulting products, [Ba4O{CH(PPh2BH3)2}3{Ph2PCH(BH3)PPh2BH3}3] (7), which contains two different isomeric forms of the bis(borane) adduct of Ph2PCHPPh2, was isolated. The complexes were characterized by NMR techniques and single crystal X-ray diffraction measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Langer
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Humboldtstraße 8, D-07743 Jena, Germany.
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13
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El-Hamruni SM, Sözerli SE, Smith JD, Coles MP, Hitchcock PB. Tin and Mercury Compounds Supported by a Bulky Organometallic Ligand Incorporating a Pendant Guanidine Functionality. Aust J Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1071/ch14255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The structure of a triclinic form of the organolithium derivative LiR, R = C(SiMe3)2(SiMe2{hpp}) (1) (hppH = 1,3,4,6,7,8,-hexahydro-2H-pyrimido[1,2-a]pyrimidine) comprises dimers [1]2 held together by Li···H3C interactions like those in the polymeric structure [1]∞ of the previously described orthorhombic form. Compound 1 reacts with the chlorides MCl2 (M = Hg or Sn) to give compounds HgRCl (2) or SnRCl (3), which have been characterised by NMR spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography. The structural parameters and conformations of the metallacycles MRLn are compared with those in related compounds containing bulky organosilicon ligands with pendant nitrogen donors. Compound 3 reacts with Li[P{H}Ar*] (Ar* = 2,4,6-tBu3C6H2) to give the crowded phosphanide SnR(P{H}Ar*) (4).
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14
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Müller C, Görls H, Krieck S, Westerhausen M. Tris(3‐phenylpyrazolyl)methanide Complex of Calcium – Unprecedented Coordination Chemistry and Degradation Reaction. Eur J Inorg Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201301214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Müller
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University, Humboldtstrasse 8, 07743 Jena, Germany, http://www.lsac1.uni‐jena.de
| | - Helmar Görls
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University, Humboldtstrasse 8, 07743 Jena, Germany, http://www.lsac1.uni‐jena.de
| | - Sven Krieck
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University, Humboldtstrasse 8, 07743 Jena, Germany, http://www.lsac1.uni‐jena.de
| | - Matthias Westerhausen
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University, Humboldtstrasse 8, 07743 Jena, Germany, http://www.lsac1.uni‐jena.de
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15
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Yan K, Schoendorff G, Upton BM, Ellern A, Windus TL, Sadow AD. Intermolecular β-Hydrogen Abstraction in Ytterbium, Calcium, and Potassium Tris(dimethylsilyl)methyl Compounds. Organometallics 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/om3010299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- KaKing Yan
- Department of Chemistry and U.S.
Department of Energy Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - George Schoendorff
- Department of Chemistry and U.S.
Department of Energy Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Brianna M. Upton
- Department of Chemistry and U.S.
Department of Energy Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Arkady Ellern
- Department of Chemistry and U.S.
Department of Energy Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Theresa L. Windus
- Department of Chemistry and U.S.
Department of Energy Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Aaron D. Sadow
- Department of Chemistry and U.S.
Department of Energy Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
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Day BM, Coles MP, Hitchcock PB. Neutral and Anionic Antimony(III) Species Supported by a Bicyclic Guanidinate. Eur J Inorg Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201101189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin M. Day
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QJ, UK
| | - Martyn P. Coles
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, P. O. Box 600, Wellington, New Zealand, Fax: +64‐4‐4635237
| | - Peter B. Hitchcock
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QJ, UK
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Jochmann P, Davin JP, Maslek S, Spaniol TP, Sarazin Y, Carpentier JF, Okuda J. Allyl strontium compounds: synthesis, molecular structure and properties. Dalton Trans 2012; 41:9176-81. [DOI: 10.1039/c2dt30743j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Quisenberry KT, White RE, Hanusa TP, Brennessel WW. Allyl complexes of the heavy alkaline-earth metals: molecular structure and catalytic behavior. NEW J CHEM 2010. [DOI: 10.1039/c0nj00084a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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20
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21
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Affiliation(s)
- Phillip Jochmann
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52056 Aachen, Germany
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