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Lin F, Voccia M, Odenwald L, Göttker-Schnetmann I, Falivene L, Caporaso L, Mecking S. Origin of Suppressed Chain Transfer in Phosphinephenolato Ni(II)-Catalyzed Ethylene Polymerization. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:27950-27957. [PMID: 38103185 PMCID: PMC10755696 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c06597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Recent breakthroughs in the generation of polar-functionalized and more sustainable degradable polyethylenes have been enabled by advanced phosphinephenolato Ni(II) catalysts. A key has been to overcome this type of catalysts' propensity for extensive chain transfer to enable formation of high-molecular-weight polyethylene chains. We elucidate the mechanistic origin of this paradigm shift by a combined experimental and theoretical study. Single-crystal X-ray structural analysis and cyclic voltammetry of a set of six different catalysts with variable electronics and sterics, combined with extensive pressure reactor polymerization studies, suggest that an attractive Ni-aryl interaction of a P-[2-(aryl)phenyl] is responsible for the suppression of chain transfer. This differs from the established picture of steric shielding found for other prominent late transition metal catalysts. Extensive density functional theory studies identify the relevant pathways of chain growth and chain transfer and show how this attractive interaction suppresses chain transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Lin
- Chair
of Chemical Materials Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Maria Voccia
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Biologia, Università
di Salerno, Via Papa Paolo Giovanni II, I-84084 Fisciano, Italy
| | - Lukas Odenwald
- Chair
of Chemical Materials Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Inigo Göttker-Schnetmann
- Chair
of Chemical Materials Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Laura Falivene
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Biologia, Università
di Salerno, Via Papa Paolo Giovanni II, I-84084 Fisciano, Italy
| | - Lucia Caporaso
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Biologia, Università
di Salerno, Via Papa Paolo Giovanni II, I-84084 Fisciano, Italy
| | - Stefan Mecking
- Chair
of Chemical Materials Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
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2
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Göttker-Schnetmann I, Mecking S. A Practical Synthesis of [(tmeda)Ni(CH3)2], Isotopically Labeled [(tmeda)Ni(13CH3)2], and Neutral Chelated-Nickel Methyl Complexes. Organometallics 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.0c00500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Stefan Mecking
- Department of Chemistry, University of Konstanz, 78464 Konstanz, Germany
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3
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Olivier-Bourbigou H, Breuil PAR, Magna L, Michel T, Espada Pastor MF, Delcroix D. Nickel Catalyzed Olefin Oligomerization and Dimerization. Chem Rev 2020; 120:7919-7983. [PMID: 32786672 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Brought to life more than half a century ago and successfully applied for high-value petrochemical intermediates production, nickel-catalyzed olefin oligomerization is still a very dynamic topic, with many fundamental questions to address and industrial challenges to overcome. The unique and versatile reactivity of nickel enables the oligomerization of ethylene, propylene, and butenes into a wide range of oligomers that are highly sought-after in numerous fields to be controlled. Interestingly, both homogeneous and heterogeneous nickel catalysts have been scrutinized and employed to do this. This rare specificity encouraged us to interlink them in this review so as to open up opportunities for further catalyst development and innovation. An in-depth understanding of the reaction mechanisms in play is essential to being able to fine-tune the selectivity and achieve efficiency in the rational design of novel catalytic systems. This review thus provides a complete overview of the subject, compiling the main fundamental/industrial milestones and remaining challenges facing homogeneous/heterogeneous approaches as well as emerging catalytic concepts, with a focus on the last 10 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Olivier-Bourbigou
- IFP Energies nouvelles, Rond-Point de l'Echangeur de Solaize, BP 3, 69360 Solaize, France
| | - P A R Breuil
- IFP Energies nouvelles, Rond-Point de l'Echangeur de Solaize, BP 3, 69360 Solaize, France
| | - L Magna
- IFP Energies nouvelles, Rond-Point de l'Echangeur de Solaize, BP 3, 69360 Solaize, France
| | - T Michel
- IFP Energies nouvelles, Rond-Point de l'Echangeur de Solaize, BP 3, 69360 Solaize, France
| | | | - D Delcroix
- IFP Energies nouvelles, Rond-Point de l'Echangeur de Solaize, BP 3, 69360 Solaize, France
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4
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Chen Z, Mesgar M, White PS, Daugulis O, Brookhart M. Synthesis of Branched Ultrahigh-Molecular-Weight Polyethylene Using Highly Active Neutral, Single-Component Ni(II) Catalysts. ACS Catal 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/cs501948d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Chen
- Department
of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Milad Mesgar
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
| | - Peter S. White
- Department
of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Olafs Daugulis
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
| | - Maurice Brookhart
- Department
of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
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5
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Chen M, Zhang M, Xie F, Wang X, Jiang H. Ruthenium-Catalyzed N-Alkylation for the Synthesis of 2-N-Pyridylmethyl Benzonitriles and an Exploration of Its Synthetic Utility. ChemCatChem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201402455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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6
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Stephenson CJ, McInnis JP, Chen C, Weberski MP, Motta A, Delferro M, Marks TJ. Ni(II) Phenoxyiminato Olefin Polymerization Catalysis: Striking Coordinative Modulation of Hyperbranched Polymer Microstructure and Stability by a Proximate Sulfonyl Group. ACS Catal 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/cs500114b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Casey J. Stephenson
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Jennifer P. McInnis
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Changle Chen
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Michael P. Weberski
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Alessandro Motta
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Catania and INSTM, UdR Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Delferro
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Tobin J. Marks
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
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7
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Wu XY, Ren ZG, Lang JP. Ni(ii) tetraphosphine complexes as catalysts/initiators in the ring opening polymerization of ε-caprolactone. Dalton Trans 2014; 43:1716-23. [DOI: 10.1039/c3dt52412d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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8
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Soshnikov IE, Semikolenova NV, Zakharov VA, Möller HM, Ölscher F, Osichow A, Göttker-Schnettmann I, Mecking S, Talsi EP, Bryliakov KP. Formation and Evolution of Chain-Propagating Species Upon Ethylene Polymerization with Neutral Salicylaldiminato Nickel(II) Catalysts. Chemistry 2013; 19:11409-17. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201301037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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9
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Weberski MP, Chen C, Delferro M, Marks TJ. Ligand Steric and Fluoroalkyl Substituent Effects on Enchainment Cooperativity and Stability in Bimetallic Nickel(II) Polymerization Catalysts. Chemistry 2012; 18:10715-32. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201200713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2012] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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10
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Weberski MP, Chen C, Delferro M, Zuccaccia C, Macchioni A, Marks TJ. Suppression of β-Hydride Chain Transfer in Nickel(II)-Catalyzed Ethylene Polymerization via Weak Fluorocarbon Ligand–Product Interactions. Organometallics 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/om3002735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael P. Weberski
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113,
United States
| | - Changle Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113,
United States
| | - Massimiliano Delferro
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113,
United States
| | - Cristiano Zuccaccia
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Via Elce di Sotto, 8-06123 Perugia,
Italy
| | - Alceo Macchioni
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Via Elce di Sotto, 8-06123 Perugia,
Italy
| | - Tobin J. Marks
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113,
United States
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11
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Makio H, Terao H, Iwashita A, Fujita T. FI Catalysts for Olefin Polymerization—A Comprehensive Treatment. Chem Rev 2011; 111:2363-449. [DOI: 10.1021/cr100294r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 488] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haruyuki Makio
- Research Center, Mitsui Chemicals, Inc., 580-32 Nagaura, Sodegaura, Chiba 299-0265, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Terao
- Research Center, Mitsui Chemicals, Inc., 580-32 Nagaura, Sodegaura, Chiba 299-0265, Japan
| | - Akihiko Iwashita
- Research Center, Mitsui Chemicals, Inc., 580-32 Nagaura, Sodegaura, Chiba 299-0265, Japan
| | - Terunori Fujita
- Research Center, Mitsui Chemicals, Inc., 580-32 Nagaura, Sodegaura, Chiba 299-0265, Japan
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