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Muya JT, Donald KJ, Ceulemans A, Parish C. A comparison of the chemical bonding and reactivity of Si 8H 8O 12 and Ge 8H 8O 12: A theoretical study. J Chem Phys 2021; 154:164305. [PMID: 33940821 DOI: 10.1063/5.0046059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
We have analyzed the chemical bonding and reactivity in the cubic molecule octahydridosilsesquioxane, Si8H8O12, and its counterpart Ge8H8O12 by means of ab initio quantum chemical methods and group theory. Density functional theory and MP2 methods combined with the basis sets 6-311+G(d) and 6-311++G(2d,p) were used for geometry optimization and vibrational frequency analysis. The geometries of Si8H8O12 and Ge8H8O12 are unstable under Oh symmetry and distort to the rare Th molecular symmetry. The energy gained from this pseudo-Jahn-Teller distortion ranges from 0.78 to 6.14 kcal mol-1 depending on methodological treatment. The Fukui functions and the molecular electrostatic potential were both used as DFT-based reactivity descriptors. Our study shows that Si8H8O12 and Ge8H8O12 are both hard amphoteric molecules. The cavity within each cage is acidic and able to encapsulate hard small bases such as F-. The exterior of the cages is basic and can form stable exohedral complexes with hard acids, as in the case of H+. The insertion of F- in Si8H8O12 and Ge8H8O12 cages gives the most stable endohedral complexes of the series studied, characterized by formation energies of -3.50 and -3.45 eV at CAM-B3LYP/6-311+G(d) and -3.61 and -3.68 eV at the MP2/6-311++G(d,p) level, respectively. The calculated formation energies of the exohedral and endohedral complexes align with the DFT reactivity descriptor analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jules Tshishimbi Muya
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, DR Congo and Research Center for Theoretical Chemistry and Physics in Central Africa, Faculty of Science, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, DR Congo
| | - Kelling J Donald
- Department of Chemistry, University of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia 23173, USA
| | | | - Carol Parish
- Department of Chemistry, University of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia 23173, USA
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Murugavel R, Gogoi N. Rings, chains and cages in metal phosphate chemistry: The interdependence and possible interconversion between various structural forms. J Organomet Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2009.10.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Murugavel R, Kuppuswamy S, Gogoi N, Steiner A. Assembling Discrete D4R Zeolite SBUs through Noncovalent Interactions. 3. Mediation by Butanols and 1,2-Bis(dimethylamino)ethane. Inorg Chem 2010; 49:2153-62. [DOI: 10.1021/ic901932r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ramaswamy Murugavel
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Research in Nanotechnology and Science, Indian Institute of Technology—Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Subramaniam Kuppuswamy
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Research in Nanotechnology and Science, Indian Institute of Technology—Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Nayanmoni Gogoi
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Research in Nanotechnology and Science, Indian Institute of Technology—Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Alexander Steiner
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, U.K
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Murugavel R, Kuppuswamy S, Gogoi N, Boomishankar R, Steiner A. Noncovalent Synthesis of Hierarchical Zinc Phosphates from a Single Zn4O12P4Double-Four-Ring Building Block: Dimensionality Control through the Choice of Auxiliary Ligands. Chemistry 2009; 16:994-1009. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200901994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Chandrasekhar V, Thirumoorthi R. Tellurasiloxane Cages Containing Te6Si4O12 and Te6Si6O15 Frameworks. Inorg Chem 2009; 48:6236-41. [DOI: 10.1021/ic900562n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Murugavel R, Shanmugan S. Assembling metal phosphonates in the presence of monodentate-terminal and bidentate-bridging pyridine ligands. Use of non-covalent and covalent-coordinate interactions to build polymeric metal–phosphonate architectures. Dalton Trans 2008:5358-67. [DOI: 10.1039/b805848b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Polyhedral antimony(III) and bismuth(III) siloxanes: Synthesis, spectral studies, and structural characterization of [Sb(O3SiR)]4 and [Bi12(O3SiR)8(μ3-O)4Cl4(THF)8] (R=(2,6-iPr2C6H3)N(SiMe3)). Inorganica Chim Acta 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2005.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Nehete UN, Chandrasekhar V, Roesky HW, Magull J. The Formal Conversion of SiOH Protons into Hydrides by Germanium(II) Species Leads to the Formation of the Germanium(IV) Hydride Cluster [(RSiO3GeH)4]. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200460849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Nehete UN, Chandrasekhar V, Roesky HW, Magull J. The Formal Conversion of SiOH Protons into Hydrides by Germanium(II) Species Leads to the Formation of the Germanium(IV) Hydride Cluster [(RSiO3GeH)4]. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2005; 44:281-4. [PMID: 15614897 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200460849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Umesh N Nehete
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
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Chandrasekhar V, Boomishankar R, Nagendran S. Recent Developments in the Synthesis and Structure of Organosilanols. Chem Rev 2004; 104:5847-910. [PMID: 15584691 DOI: 10.1021/cr0306135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 250] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Prabusankar G, Murugavel R, Butcher RJ. Stabilization of Organosilanetriols in Amine Matrices: Trapping Intermediates between RSi(OH)3 and (RSiO3)3- Anions. Organometallics 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/om0499299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ganesan Prabusankar
- Departments of Chemistry, Indian Institute of TechnologyBombay, Powai, Mumbai 400 076, India, and Howard University, Washington, D.C. 20059
| | - Ramaswamy Murugavel
- Departments of Chemistry, Indian Institute of TechnologyBombay, Powai, Mumbai 400 076, India, and Howard University, Washington, D.C. 20059
| | - Ray J. Butcher
- Departments of Chemistry, Indian Institute of TechnologyBombay, Powai, Mumbai 400 076, India, and Howard University, Washington, D.C. 20059
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Anantharaman G, Reddy ND, Roesky HW, Magull J. Synthesis and X-ray Crystal Structure of a Soluble Zinc Silicate Polyhedron, [(Me2NC6H4NMe2)ZnLi{O3Si(Me3Si)N(2,6-i-Pr2C6H3)}]4. Organometallics 2001. [DOI: 10.1021/om010741o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ganapathi Anantharaman
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 4, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - N. Dastagiri Reddy
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 4, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Herbert W. Roesky
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 4, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Jörg Magull
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 4, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
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Beckmann J, Jurkschat K, Schürmann M, Dakternieks D, Lim AEK, Lim KF. Comparison of the Flexibility of Eight-Membered Tetrasiloxane and Stannasiloxane Rings: A Crystallographic and Computational Study. Organometallics 2001. [DOI: 10.1021/om010620o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Reyes-García EA, Cervantes-Lee F, Pannell KH. Synthesis, Spectroscopic, and Substituent-Dependent Self-Assembling Structural Characterization of Ferrocenyl-Containing Silanediols, Fc(R)Si(OH)2, R = Me, CH2CHCH2, n-Bu, t-Bu, Ph, c-Hx, Including Transformation to a Ferrocenyl Stannasiloxane, [OSiFc(n-Bu)O(t-Bu2)Sn]2. Organometallics 2001. [DOI: 10.1021/om010378l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Keith H. Pannell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas 79968-0513
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Murugavel R, Bhattacharjee M, Roesky HW. Organosilanetriols: model compounds and potential precursors for metal-containing silicate assemblies. Appl Organomet Chem 1999. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1099-0739(199904)13:4<227::aid-aoc842>3.0.co;2-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Jurkschat K. Stannasiloxanes. Syntheses, Structures, and Surprises. PHOSPHORUS SULFUR 1999. [DOI: 10.1080/10426509908546386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Klaus Jurkschat
- a Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie II der Universität Dortmund , D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
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Beckmann J, Mahieu B, Nigge W, Schollmeyer D, Schürmann M, Jurkschat K. Reaction of (t-Bu2SnO)3 with Organohalosilanes. Simple Formation of Open-Chain and Cyclic Stannasiloxanes. Organometallics 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/om980647g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jens Beckmann
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie II, Fachbereich Chemie der Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany, Laboratoire de chimie physique moléculaire et de cristallographie (CPMC), Université Catholique de Louvain, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium, Institut für Spektrochemie und Angewandte Spektroskopie, Postfach 101352, D-44013 Dortmund, Germany, and Institut für Organische Chemie der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Saarstrasse 21, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - Bernard Mahieu
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie II, Fachbereich Chemie der Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany, Laboratoire de chimie physique moléculaire et de cristallographie (CPMC), Université Catholique de Louvain, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium, Institut für Spektrochemie und Angewandte Spektroskopie, Postfach 101352, D-44013 Dortmund, Germany, and Institut für Organische Chemie der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Saarstrasse 21, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - Walter Nigge
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie II, Fachbereich Chemie der Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany, Laboratoire de chimie physique moléculaire et de cristallographie (CPMC), Université Catholique de Louvain, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium, Institut für Spektrochemie und Angewandte Spektroskopie, Postfach 101352, D-44013 Dortmund, Germany, and Institut für Organische Chemie der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Saarstrasse 21, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - Dieter Schollmeyer
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie II, Fachbereich Chemie der Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany, Laboratoire de chimie physique moléculaire et de cristallographie (CPMC), Université Catholique de Louvain, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium, Institut für Spektrochemie und Angewandte Spektroskopie, Postfach 101352, D-44013 Dortmund, Germany, and Institut für Organische Chemie der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Saarstrasse 21, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - Markus Schürmann
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie II, Fachbereich Chemie der Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany, Laboratoire de chimie physique moléculaire et de cristallographie (CPMC), Université Catholique de Louvain, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium, Institut für Spektrochemie und Angewandte Spektroskopie, Postfach 101352, D-44013 Dortmund, Germany, and Institut für Organische Chemie der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Saarstrasse 21, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - Klaus Jurkschat
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie II, Fachbereich Chemie der Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany, Laboratoire de chimie physique moléculaire et de cristallographie (CPMC), Université Catholique de Louvain, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium, Institut für Spektrochemie und Angewandte Spektroskopie, Postfach 101352, D-44013 Dortmund, Germany, and Institut für Organische Chemie der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Saarstrasse 21, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
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Beckmann J, Biesemans M, Hassler K, Jurkschat K, Martins JC, Schürmann M, Willem R. Reactions of [t-Bu(2)SnO](3) with [t-BuX(2)Si](2) (X = F, Cl). Syntheses and Structures of Novel Stannasiloxanes and of [(t-Bu(2)FSn)(2)O](2), the First Fluorine-Containing Tetraorganodistannoxane(,). Inorg Chem 1998; 37:4891-4897. [PMID: 11670654 DOI: 10.1021/ic971504+] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Di-tert-butyltin oxide, (t-Bu(2)SnO)(3) (1), reacts with 1,2-di-tert-butyltetrachlorodisilane, (t-BuCl(2)Si)(2) (2), to provide the stannasiloxane t-Bu(2)Sn[OSi(OSnCl-t-Bu(2))-t-Bu](2) (4, racemate). The reaction of 1 with 1,2-di-tert-butyltetrafluorodisilane, (t-BuF(2)Si)(2) (3), provides the stannasiloxane [t-Bu(F)SiOSn-t-Bu(2)](2)O (5, meso/racemate mixture) and the tetraorganodistannoxane [t-Bu(2)(F)SnOSn(F)-t-Bu(2)](2) (6). Under loss of (1)/(3) mole equiv of 1, the stannasiloxane 5 is transformed into t-Bu(2)Sn[OSi(F)-t-BuSi(F)-t-BuO](2)Sn-t-Bu(2) (7). Its ten-membered ring structure was elucidated by X-ray analysis. In solution, 7 forms the five-membered ring t-Bu(2)Sn[OSi(F)-t-Bu](2) (7a). The dimeric nature of 6 was confirmed by its crystal structure determination. In solution, 6 exhibits a unique valence tautomerism as evidenced by (19)F and (119)Sn NMR spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Beckmann
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie II, Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany, High-Resolution NMR Centre (HNMR), Free University of Brussels (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, B-1050 Brussel, Belgium, and Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Technical University of Graz, Stremayrgasse 16, A-8010 Graz, Austria
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Voigt A, Murugavel R, Roesky HW, Schmidt HG. Syntheses, spectroscopy and crystal structures of new group 4 metallasiloxanes. J Mol Struct 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-2860(97)00222-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Beckmann J, Jurkschat K, Schollmeyer D, Schürmann M. On the reaction of [Ph2(OH)Si]2O with t-Bu2SnCl2: Synthesis and characterization of the first well defined polystannasiloxane [(t-Bu2SnO)(Ph2SiO)2]n. J Organomet Chem 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-328x(97)00263-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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