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Lee D, Shintani R. Palladium-catalyzed synthesis of 4-sila-4 H-benzo[ d][1,3]oxazines by intramolecular Hiyama coupling. Chem Sci 2023; 14:4114-4119. [PMID: 37063809 PMCID: PMC10094166 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc06425a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
A palladium-catalyzed synthesis of 4-sila-4H-benzo[d][1,3]oxazines, silicon-switched analogs of biologically relevant 4H-benzo[d][1,3]oxazines, was developed by the intramolecular Hiyama coupling of 3-amido-2-(arylsilyl)aryl triflates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghyeon Lee
- Division of Chemistry, Department of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University Toyonaka Osaka 560-8531 Japan
| | - Ryo Shintani
- Division of Chemistry, Department of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University Toyonaka Osaka 560-8531 Japan
- Innovative Catalysis Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (ICS-OTRI), Osaka University Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan
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2
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Ma B, Shi Q, Ma X, Li Y, Chen H, Wen K, Zhao R, Zhang F, Lin Y, Wang Z, Huang H. Defect-Free Alternating Conjugated Polymers Enabled by Room- Temperature Stille Polymerization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202115969. [PMID: 35099844 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202115969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The Stille cross-coupling polymerization is one of the most efficient synthetic methods for donor-acceptor (D-A) type π-conjugated polymers (CPs). Nevertheless, thermal-activation Stille polymerization readily produced homocoupling defects, resulting in batch-to-batch variations in copolymers quality and deteriorating the device performance of electronics and optoelectronics. Here, a room-temperature Stille-type polymerization was developed, the utility and generality of which were demonstrated by synthesis of twelve D-A CPs with high molecular weights. Importantly, the resultant copolymers possessed no homocoupling (hc) structural defects, while hc reactions were observed in the thermal-activation Stille reactions. Thus, the organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) based on the former exhibited twofold higher charge transport mobility (2.10 cm2 V-1 s-1 ), since it possessed stronger crystallinity and lower trap density of states (tDOS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowei Ma
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology & Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering & CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation & CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Qinqin Shi
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology & Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering & CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation & CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoying Ma
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yawen Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Hao Chen
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology & Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering & CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation & CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Kaikai Wen
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology & Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering & CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation & CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Ruihua Zhao
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Fengjiao Zhang
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yuze Lin
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Zhixiang Wang
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Hui Huang
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology & Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering & CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation & CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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3
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Ma B, Shi Q, Ma X, Li Y, Chen H, Wen K, Zhao R, Zhang F, Lin Y, Wang Z, Huang H. Defect‐Free Alternating Conjugated Polymers Enabled by Room‐ Temperature Stille Polymerization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202115969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bowei Ma
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology & Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering & CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation & CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physics University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Qinqin Shi
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology & Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering & CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation & CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physics University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Xiaoying Ma
- School of Chemical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Yawen Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Hao Chen
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology & Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering & CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation & CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physics University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Kaikai Wen
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology & Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering & CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation & CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physics University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Ruihua Zhao
- School of Chemical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Fengjiao Zhang
- School of Chemical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Yuze Lin
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Zhixiang Wang
- School of Chemical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Hui Huang
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology & Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering & CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation & CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physics University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
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4
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Cadge JA, Bower JF, Russell CA. A Systematic Study of the Effects of Complex Structure on Aryl Iodide Oxidative Addition at Bipyridyl‐Ligated Gold(I) Centers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202108744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jamie A. Cadge
- School of Chemistry University of Bristol Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TS United Kingdom
| | - John F. Bower
- School of Chemistry University of Bristol Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TS United Kingdom
- Department of Chemistry University of Liverpool Crown Street Liverpool L69 7ZD United Kingdom
| | - Christopher A. Russell
- School of Chemistry University of Bristol Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TS United Kingdom
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5
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Cadge JA, Bower JF, Russell CA. A Systematic Study of the Effects of Complex Structure on Aryl Iodide Oxidative Addition at Bipyridyl-Ligated Gold(I) Centers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:24976-24983. [PMID: 34533267 PMCID: PMC9298241 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202108744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
A combined theoretical and experimental approach has been used to study the unusual mechanism of oxidative addition of aryl iodides to [bipyAu(C2H4)]+ complexes. The modular nature of this system allowed a systematic assessment of the effects of complex structure. Computational comparisons between cationic gold and the isolobal (neutral) Pd0 and Pt0 complexes revealed similar mechanistic features, but with oxidative addition being significantly favored for the group 10 metals. Further differences between Au and Pd were seen in experimental studies: studying reaction rates as a function of electronic and steric properties showed that ligands bearing more electron‐poor functionality increase the rate of oxidative addition; in a complementary way, electron‐rich aryl iodides give faster rates. This divergence in mechanism compared to Pd suggests that Ar−X oxidative addition with Au can underpin a broad range of new or complementary transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie A Cadge
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - John F Bower
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, United Kingdom.,Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 7ZD, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher A Russell
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
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6
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Affiliation(s)
- José‐Antonio García‐López
- Grupo de Química Organometálica Departamento de Química Inorgánica Facultad de Química Universidad de Murcia 30100 Murcia Spain
| | - Isabel Saura‐Llamas
- Grupo de Química Organometálica Departamento de Química Inorgánica Facultad de Química Universidad de Murcia 30100 Murcia Spain
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7
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Chen M, Dong G. Platinum-Catalyzed α,β-Desaturation of Cyclic Ketones through Direct Metal-Enolate Formation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:7956-7961. [PMID: 33460511 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202013628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The development of a platinum-catalyzed desaturation of cyclic ketones to their conjugated α,β-unsaturated counterparts is reported in this full article. A unique diene-platinum complex was identified to be an efficient catalyst, which enables direct metal-enolate formation. The reaction operates under mild conditions without using strong bases or acids. Good to excellent yields can be achieved for diverse and complex scaffolds. A wide range of functional groups, including those sensitive to acids, bases/nucleophiles, or palladium species, are tolerated, which represents a distinct feature from other known desaturation methods. Mechanistically, this platinum catalysis exhibits a fast and reversible α-deprotonation followed by a rate-determining β-hydrogen elimination process, which is different from the prior Pd-catalyzed desaturation method. Promising preliminary enantioselective desaturation using a chiral-diene-platinum complex has also been obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Guangbin Dong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
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8
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Chen M, Dong G. Platinum‐Catalyzed α,β‐Desaturation of Cyclic Ketones through Direct Metal–Enolate Formation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202013628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Chen
- Department of Chemistry University of Chicago Chicago IL 60637 USA
| | - Guangbin Dong
- Department of Chemistry University of Chicago Chicago IL 60637 USA
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9
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Chen H, Liu L, Huang T, Chen J, Chen T. Direct Dehydrogenation for the Synthesis of α,β‐Unsaturated Carbonyl Compounds. Adv Synth Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202000454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Chen
- Haikou Hospital affiliated to Xiangya School of MedicineCentral South University Haikou 570100 People's Republic of China
| | - Long Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island ResourcesHainan Provincial Key Lab of Fine ChemHainan University Haikou 570228 People's Republic of China
| | - Tianzeng Huang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island ResourcesHainan Provincial Key Lab of Fine ChemHainan University Haikou 570228 People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Chen
- Haikou Hospital affiliated to Xiangya School of MedicineCentral South University Haikou 570100 People's Republic of China
| | - Tieqiao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island ResourcesHainan Provincial Key Lab of Fine ChemHainan University Haikou 570228 People's Republic of China
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10
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Yousefi A, Sabounchei SJ, Moazzami Farida SH, Karamian R, Rahmani N, Gable RW. Different properties of P,C-donor Pd(II) and Pt(II); spectroscopic and X-ray analysis, catalytic potential and anti-proliferative potency. J Organomet Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2019.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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11
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Sawatlon B, Wodrich MD, Meyer B, Fabrizio A, Corminboeuf C. Data Mining the C−C Cross‐Coupling Genome. ChemCatChem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201900597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Boodsarin Sawatlon
- Laboratory for Computational Molecular Design Institute of Chemical Sciences and EngineeringEcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Matthew D. Wodrich
- Laboratory for Computational Molecular Design Institute of Chemical Sciences and EngineeringEcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Benjamin Meyer
- Laboratory for Computational Molecular Design Institute of Chemical Sciences and EngineeringEcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
- National Centre for Computational Design and Discovery of Novel Materials (MARVEL)Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Alberto Fabrizio
- Laboratory for Computational Molecular Design Institute of Chemical Sciences and EngineeringEcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
- National Centre for Computational Design and Discovery of Novel Materials (MARVEL)Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Clémence Corminboeuf
- Laboratory for Computational Molecular Design Institute of Chemical Sciences and EngineeringEcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
- National Centre for Computational Design and Discovery of Novel Materials (MARVEL)Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
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12
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Chen M, Rago AJ, Dong G. Platinum-Catalyzed Desaturation of Lactams, Ketones, and Lactones. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:16205-16209. [PMID: 30325556 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201811197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The development of a general platinum-catalyzed desaturation of N-protected lactams, ketones, and lactones to their conjugated α,β-unsaturated counterparts is reported. The reaction operates under mildly acidic conditions at room temperature or 50 °C. It is scalable and tolerates a wide range of functional groups. The complementary reactivity to the palladium-catalyzed desaturation is demonstrated in the efficient conversion of iodide, bromide, and sulfur-containing substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Alexander J Rago
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Guangbin Dong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
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13
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Chen M, Rago AJ, Dong G. Platinum‐Catalyzed Desaturation of Lactams, Ketones, and Lactones. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201811197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Chen
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Chicago Chicago IL 60637 USA
| | | | - Guangbin Dong
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Chicago Chicago IL 60637 USA
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14
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Meyer B, Sawatlon B, Heinen S, von Lilienfeld OA, Corminboeuf C. Machine learning meets volcano plots: computational discovery of cross-coupling catalysts. Chem Sci 2018; 9:7069-7077. [PMID: 30310627 PMCID: PMC6137445 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc01949e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The application of modern machine learning to challenges in atomistic simulation is gaining attraction.
The application of modern machine learning to challenges in atomistic simulation is gaining attraction. We present new machine learning models that can predict the energy of the oxidative addition process between a transition metal complex and a substrate for C–C cross-coupling reactions. In turn, this quantity can be used as a descriptor to estimate the activity of homogeneous catalysts using molecular volcano plots. The versatility of this approach is illustrated for vast libraries of organometallic catalysts based on Pt, Pd, Ni, Cu, Ag, and Au combined with 91 ligands. Out-of-sample machine learning predictions were made on a total of 18 062 compounds leading to 557 catalyst candidates falling into the ideal thermodynamic window. This number was further refined by searching for candidates with an estimated price lower than 10 US$ per mmol. The 37 catalyst finalists are dominated by palladium phosphine ligand combinations but also include the earth abundant transition metal (Cu) with less common ligands. Our results indicate that modern statistical learning techniques can be applied to the computational discovery of readily available and promising catalyst candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Meyer
- Laboratory for Computational Molecular Design , Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering , École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , CH-1015 Lausanne , Switzerland . .,National Center for Computational Design and Discovery of Novel Materials (MARVEL) , École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , Lausanne , Switzerland
| | - Boodsarin Sawatlon
- Laboratory for Computational Molecular Design , Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering , École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , CH-1015 Lausanne , Switzerland . .,National Center for Computational Design and Discovery of Novel Materials (MARVEL) , École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , Lausanne , Switzerland
| | - Stefan Heinen
- Institute of Physical Chemistry , Department of Chemistry , University of Basel , Klingelbergstrasse 80 , CH-4056 Basel , Switzerland . .,National Center for Computational Design and Discovery of Novel Materials (MARVEL) , École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , Lausanne , Switzerland
| | - O Anatole von Lilienfeld
- Institute of Physical Chemistry , Department of Chemistry , University of Basel , Klingelbergstrasse 80 , CH-4056 Basel , Switzerland . .,National Center for Computational Design and Discovery of Novel Materials (MARVEL) , École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , Lausanne , Switzerland
| | - Clémence Corminboeuf
- Laboratory for Computational Molecular Design , Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering , École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , CH-1015 Lausanne , Switzerland . .,National Center for Computational Design and Discovery of Novel Materials (MARVEL) , École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , Lausanne , Switzerland
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15
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Busch
- Laboratory for Computational Molecular Design and National Center for Computational Design and Discovery of Novel Materials (MARVEL), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Matthew D. Wodrich
- Laboratory for Computational Molecular Design, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Clémence Corminboeuf
- Laboratory for Computational Molecular Design and National Center for Computational Design and Discovery of Novel Materials (MARVEL), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Computational Molecular Design, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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16
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Khake SM, Jagtap RA, Dangat YB, Gonnade RG, Vanka K, Punji B. Mechanistic Insights into Pincer-Ligated Palladium-Catalyzed Arylation of Azoles with Aryl Iodides: Evidence of a PdII–PdIV–PdII Pathway. Organometallics 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.6b00003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shrikant M. Khake
- Organometallic Synthesis and Catalysis Group, Chemical
Engineering Division, ‡Physical and Materials Chemistry Division, and §Centre
for Material Characterization, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory (CSIR-NCL), Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411 008, Maharashtra India
| | - Rahul A. Jagtap
- Organometallic Synthesis and Catalysis Group, Chemical
Engineering Division, ‡Physical and Materials Chemistry Division, and §Centre
for Material Characterization, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory (CSIR-NCL), Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411 008, Maharashtra India
| | - Yuvraj B. Dangat
- Organometallic Synthesis and Catalysis Group, Chemical
Engineering Division, ‡Physical and Materials Chemistry Division, and §Centre
for Material Characterization, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory (CSIR-NCL), Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411 008, Maharashtra India
| | - Rajesh G. Gonnade
- Organometallic Synthesis and Catalysis Group, Chemical
Engineering Division, ‡Physical and Materials Chemistry Division, and §Centre
for Material Characterization, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory (CSIR-NCL), Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411 008, Maharashtra India
| | - Kumar Vanka
- Organometallic Synthesis and Catalysis Group, Chemical
Engineering Division, ‡Physical and Materials Chemistry Division, and §Centre
for Material Characterization, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory (CSIR-NCL), Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411 008, Maharashtra India
| | - Benudhar Punji
- Organometallic Synthesis and Catalysis Group, Chemical
Engineering Division, ‡Physical and Materials Chemistry Division, and §Centre
for Material Characterization, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory (CSIR-NCL), Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411 008, Maharashtra India
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17
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Tymonko SA, Smith RC, Ambrosi A, Denmark SE. Mechanistic significance of the si-o-pd bond in the palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions of alkenylsilanolates. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:6192-9. [PMID: 25945390 PMCID: PMC4442670 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b02515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Through the combination of reaction kinetics (both catalytic and stoichiometric) and solid-state characterization of arylpalladium(II) alkenylsilanolate complexes, the intermediacy of covalent adducts containing Si-O-Pd linkages in the cross-coupling reactions of organosilanolates has been unambiguously established. Two mechanistically distinct pathways have been demonstrated: (1) transmetalation via a neutral 8-Si-4 intermediate that dominates in the cross-coupling of potassium alkenylsilanolates, and (2) transmetalation via an anionic 10-Si-5 intermediate that dominates in the cross-coupling of cesium alkenylsilanolates. Arylpalladium(II) alkenylsilanolate complexes bearing various phosphine ligands (both bidentate and monodentate) have been isolated, fully characterized, and evaluated for their kinetic competence under thermal (stoichiometric) and anionic (catalytic) conditions. Comparison of the rates for thermal and anionic activation demonstrates that intermediates containing the Si-O-Pd linkage are involved in the cross-coupling process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven A Tymonko
- Roger Adams Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Russell C Smith
- Roger Adams Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Andrea Ambrosi
- Roger Adams Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Scott E Denmark
- Roger Adams Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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18
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Livendahl M, Echavarren AM. Palladium-Catalyzed Arylation Reactions: A Mechanistic Perspective. Isr J Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.201000040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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19
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Lauterbach T, Livendahl M, Rosellón A, Espinet P, Echavarren AM. Unlikeliness of Pd-Free Gold(I)-Catalyzed Sonogashira Coupling Reactions. Org Lett 2010; 12:3006-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ol101012n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 233] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thorsten Lauterbach
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain, and IU CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, 47071 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Madeleine Livendahl
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain, and IU CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, 47071 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Antonio Rosellón
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain, and IU CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, 47071 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Pablo Espinet
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain, and IU CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, 47071 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Antonio M. Echavarren
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain, and IU CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, 47071 Valladolid, Spain
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Normand A, Nechaev M, Cavell K. Mechanisms in the Reaction of Palladium(II)-π-Allyl Complexes with Aryl Halides: Evidence for NHC Exchange Between Two Palladium Complexes. Chemistry 2009; 15:7063-73. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200900373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Shukla KH, DeShong P. Studies on the mechanism of allylic coupling reactions: a hammett analysis of the coupling of aryl silicate derivatives. J Org Chem 2008; 73:6283-91. [PMID: 18616321 DOI: 10.1021/jo8010254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Hammett analysis of the palladium-catalyzed allyl-aryl coupling reaction has demonstrated that the rate of the coupling reaction is enhanced by electron-withdrawing groups on the aryl siloxane. The positive slope of the Hammett plot indicated involvement of a charged transition state in which negative charge on the aryl ring is stabilized inductively. This result is consistent with either transmetalation or reductive elimination being the rate-determining step in the coupling process. Furthermore, the influence of ligand on the metal site has been assessed from competition studies as a function of ligand type, cone angle, and electronic effects. From the relative ratios of coupling products produced in the Hammett study, it is possible to gather insight into the role of the electronic as well as the steric effects of ligands on the mechanism of the coupling reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krupa H Shukla
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
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Kantam ML, Roy S, Roy M, Sreedhar B, Choudary B, De RL. Layered double hydroxides supported rhodium(0): An efficient and reusable catalyst for Heck, Suzuki, and Stille reactions of haloarenes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcata.2007.03.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Performances of symmetrical achiral ferrocenylphosphine ligands in palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions: A review of syntheses, catalytic applications and structural properties. Coord Chem Rev 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2007.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Nilsson P, Puxty G, Wendt OF. Reaction Mechanism of Transmetalation between Tetraorganostannanes and Platinum(II) Aryltriflate Complexes. Mechanistic Model for Stille Couplings. Organometallics 2006. [DOI: 10.1021/om051021a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Patrik Nilsson
- Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, S-221 00 Lund, Sweden, and ICB, Safety and Environmental Technology Group, ETH Zürich, CH 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Graeme Puxty
- Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, S-221 00 Lund, Sweden, and ICB, Safety and Environmental Technology Group, ETH Zürich, CH 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Ola F. Wendt
- Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, S-221 00 Lund, Sweden, and ICB, Safety and Environmental Technology Group, ETH Zürich, CH 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew L. Clarke
- School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Fife, KY16 9ST, U.K
| | - Mattias Heydt
- School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Fife, KY16 9ST, U.K
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Shekhar S, Hartwig JF. Distinct Electronic Effects on Reductive Eliminations of Symmetrical and Unsymmetrical Bis-Aryl Platinum Complexes. J Am Chem Soc 2004; 126:13016-27. [PMID: 15469300 DOI: 10.1021/ja0480365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Symmetrical bis-aryl platinum complexes (DPPF)Pt(C(6)H(4)-4-R)(2) (R = NMe(2), OMe, CH(3), H, Cl, CF(3)) and electronically unsymmetrical bis-aryl platinum complexes (DPPF)Pt(C(6)H(4)-4-R)(C(6)H(4)-4-X) (R = CH(3), X = NMe(2), OMe, H, Cl, F, CF(3); R = OMe, X = NMe(2), H, Cl, F, CF(3); R = CF(3), X = H, Cl, NMe(2); and R = NMe(2), X = H, Cl) were prepared, and the rates of reductive elimination of these complexes in the presence of excess PPh(3) are reported. The platinum complexes reductively eliminated biaryl compounds in quantitative yields with first-order rate constants that were independent of the concentration of PPh(3). Plots of Log(k(obs)/k(obs(H))) vs Hammett substituent constants (sigma) of the para substituents R and X showed that the rates of reductive elimination reactions depended on two different electronic properties. The reductive elimination from symmetrical bis-aryl platinum complexes occurred faster from complexes with more electron-donating para substituents R. However, reductive elimination from a series of electronically unsymmetrical bis-aryl complexes was not faster from complexes with the more electron-donating substituents. Instead, reductive elimination was faster from complexes with a larger difference in the electronic properties of the substituents on the two platinum-bound aryl groups. The two electronic effects can complement or cancel each other. Thus, this combination of electronic effects gives rise to complex, but now more interpretable, free energy relationships for reductive elimination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shashank Shekhar
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, CT 06520-8107, USA
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Abstract
Aryl silatranes undergo fluoride-induced cross-coupling with aryl triflates to provide unsymmetrical biaryl derivatives in good to excellent yields. Silatranes also couple with aryl iodides and bromides, although the yields of adduct are lower than with the corresponding siloxane derivates. Aryl siloxanes (which had previously failed to couple with triflates) can be employed for triflate couplings using the Denmark modification, although the yields are lower than the corresponding silatrane reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaundra Riggleman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
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Amatore C, Bahsoun AA, Jutand A, Meyer G, Ndedi Ntepe A, Ricard L. Mechanism of the Stille reaction catalyzed by palladium ligated to arsine ligand: PhPdI(AsPh3)(DMF) is the species reacting with vinylstannane in DMF. J Am Chem Soc 2003; 125:4212-22. [PMID: 12670243 DOI: 10.1021/ja0204978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The kinetics of the reaction of PhPdI(AsPh(3))(2) (formed via the fast oxidative addition of PhI with Pd(0)(AsPh(3))(2)) with a vinyl stannane CH(2)[double bond]CH[bond]Sn(n-Bu)(3) has been investigated in DMF. This reaction (usually called transmetalation step) is the prototype of the rate determining second step of the catalytic cycle of Stille reactions. It is established here that the transmetalation proceeds through PhPdI(AsPh(3))(DMF), generated by the dissociation of one ligand AsPh(3) from PhPdI(AsPh(3))(2). PhPdI(AsPh(3))(DMF) is the reactive species, which leads to styrene through its reaction with CH(2)[double bond]CH[bond]SnBu(3). Consequently, in DMF, the overall nucleophilic attack mainly proceeds via a mechanism involving PhPdI(AsPh(3))(DMF) as the central reactive complex and not PhPdI(AsPh(3))(2). The dimer [Ph(2)Pd(2)(mu(2)-I)(2)(AsPh(3))(2)] has been independently synthesized and characterized by its X-ray structure. In DMF, this dimer dissociates quantitatively into PhPdI(AsPh(3))(DMF), which reacts with CH(2)[double bond]CH[bond]SnBu(3). The rate constant for the reaction of PhPdI(AsPh(3))(DMF) with CH(2)[double bond]CH[bond]SnBu(3) has been determined in DMF for each situation and was found to be comparable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Amatore
- Ecole Normale Supérieure, Département de Chimie, UMR CNRS-ENS-UPMC 8640, 24 Rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 5, France
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Bedford RB, Hazelwood SL, Albisson DA. Platinum Catalysts for Suzuki Biaryl Coupling Reactions. Organometallics 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/om0202524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Manoso AS, DeShong P. Improved synthesis of aryltriethoxysilanes via palladium(0)-catalyzed silylation of aryl iodides and bromides with triethoxysilane. J Org Chem 2001; 66:7449-55. [PMID: 11681960 DOI: 10.1021/jo010621q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The scope of the palladium-catalyzed silylation of aryl halides with triethoxysilane has been expanded to include aryl bromides. A more general Pd(0) catalyst/ligand system has been developed that activates bromides and iodides: palladium(0) dibenzylideneacetone (Pd(dba)(2)) is activated with 2-(di-tert-butylphosphino)biphenyl (Buchwald's ligand) (1:2 mol ratio of Pd/phosphine). Electron-rich para- and meta-substituted aryl halides (including unprotected aniline and phenol derivatives) undergo silylation to form the corresponding aryltriethoxysilane in fair to excellent yield; however, ortho-substituted aryl halides failed to be silylated.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Manoso
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
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Cámpora J, López JA, Palma P, del Rio D, Carmona E, Valerga P, Graiff C, Tiripicchio A. Synthesis and insertion reactions of the cyclometalated palladium-alkyl complexes Pd(CH(2)CMe(2)-o-C(6)H(4))L(2). Observation of a pentacoordinated intermediate in the insertion of SO(2). Inorg Chem 2001; 40:4116-26. [PMID: 11487313 DOI: 10.1021/ic010114r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Palladacycles of the type 2, have been synthesized by treatment of the corresponding chloroalkylcomplexes Pd(CH(2)CMe(2)C(6)H(5))ClL(2) (L(2) = (PMe(3))(2), 2a, or 1,5-cyclooctadiene (cod), 2b) with suitable bases, or by simple ligand exchange reactions from the cyclooctadiene derivative 2b. The metallacycles 2 react with activated alkynes and with sulfur dioxide, giving rise to different insertion products.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Cámpora
- Dipartimento di Chimica Generale ed Inorganica, Chimica Analitica, Chimica Fisica, Università di Parma, Centro di Studio per la Strutturistica Diffrattometrica del CNR, Viale delle Scienze, I-43100 Parma, Italy
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Fernández-Rivas C, Cárdenas DJ, Martín-Matute B, Monge Á, Gutiérrez-Puebla E, Echavarren AM. Synthesis and Structure of New Oxapalladacycles with a Pd−O Bond. Organometallics 2001. [DOI: 10.1021/om0010565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Fernández-Rivas
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, and Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, CSIC, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Diego J. Cárdenas
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, and Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, CSIC, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Belén Martín-Matute
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, and Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, CSIC, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ángeles Monge
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, and Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, CSIC, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Enrique Gutiérrez-Puebla
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, and Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, CSIC, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio M. Echavarren
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, and Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, CSIC, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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Martín-Matute B, Mateo C, Cárdenas DJ, Echavarren AM. Intramolecular C-H activation by alkylpalladium(II) complexes: insights into the mechanism of the palladium-catalyzed arylation reaction. Chemistry 2001; 7:2341-8. [PMID: 11446637 DOI: 10.1002/1521-3765(20010601)7:11<2341::aid-chem23410>3.0.co;2-s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The cyclization of [ArOCH2PdL2Cl] complexes proceeds at room temperature in CH3CN in the presence of base, such as KOPh or carbonate, to form palladacycles. The effect of substituents on the aryl moiety (p-MeO > H >p-NO2) is as expected for an electrophilic aromatic substitution by electrophilic Pd(II). The absence of isotopic effect is also consistent with this proposal. Cyclopalladation proceeds with bidentate ligands (dppf, COD and phen); although the C-H activation reactions are slower in these cases. The starting [ArOCH2Pd(PPh3)2Cl] and [ArOCH2Pd(PPh3)Cl]2 complexes were prepared by transmetalation of organostannanes [(ArOCH2)4Sn] with [Pd(PPh3)2Cl2] or [Pd(PPh3)Cl2]2, respectively. Cleavage of palladacycles with HCl also gave [ArOCH2PdL2Cl] complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Martín-Matute
- Dpto Química Orgánica (C-I), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain
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