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Propylene Polymerization and Deactivation Processes with Isoselective {Cp/Flu} Zirconocene Catalysts. Catalysts 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/catal11080959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Industrially relevant single-site precatalysts used to produce isotactic polypropylene (iPP) include C2-symmetric {SBI} and C1-symmetric {Cp/Flu} complexes of group 4 metals. While the latter can produce iPPs with a higher degree of isotacticity, they also suffer from poor productivity compared to their {SBI} counterparts. Several causes for this trend have been suggested—2,1-Regioinsertions are frequently pointed out, as they are suspected to drive the catalyst into a dormant state. While this event does not seem to significantly impact the productivity of {SBI} systems, the influence of these regioerror is poorly documented for isoselective {Cp/Flu} precatalysts. To address this issue, new Ph2X(Cp)(Flu) (Ph2X = Ph2C, FluC, Ph2Si) proligands (2a–k) and some of the corresponding dichlorozirconocenes (3a–h,k) were synthesized. These new compounds were characterized and tested in homogeneous propylene polymerization at 60 °C and the amounts of regioerrors in the resulting polymers were examined by 13C NMR spectroscopy. A possible correlation between poor productivity and a high number of regioerrors was investigated and is discussed. Furthermore, a C-H activation process in the bulky nBu3C substituent upon activation of 4c (the dimethylated analog of 3c) by B(C6F5)3 has been evidenced by NMR; DFT calculations support this C-H activation as a deactivation mechanism.
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Kirillov E, Carpentier JF. {Cyclopentadienyl/Fluorenyl}-Group 4 ansa-Metallocene Catalysts for Production of Tailor-Made Polyolefins. CHEM REC 2020; 21:357-375. [PMID: 33332719 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202000142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The development of new metallocene-based polymerization catalysts and innovative processes derived thereof still constitutes a challenge for the manufacturing of polyolefinic materials with tailored properties (e. g. particular microstructure or topology, ultra-high molecular weight, high melting transition, and their combinations) for contemporary commercial applications. This personal account summarizes our continuing endeavors to advance the family of industry-relevant stereoselective propylene polymerization catalysts based on C1 -symmetric group 4 ansa-metallocenes incorporating multi-substituted fluorenyl-cyclopentadienyl {Cp/Flu} ligands. Within the framework of this project, valuable structural and catalytic data, harvested both for neutral metallocenes and for metallocenium ion-pairs, have been used for rational design of more efficient catalytic systems, reluctant towards side reactions, and for providing new stereoregular value-added polymer materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgueni Kirillov
- UMR 6226 CNRS - Univ Rennnes, Organometallics: Materials & Catalysis Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), Campus de Beaulieu, F-35042, Rennes, France
| | - Jean-François Carpentier
- UMR 6226 CNRS - Univ Rennnes, Organometallics: Materials & Catalysis Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), Campus de Beaulieu, F-35042, Rennes, France
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Syndiotactic Polypropylene: Discovery, Development, and Industrialization via Bridged Metallocene Catalysts. ADVANCES IN POLYMER SCIENCE 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/12_2013_220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
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Bader M, Marquet N, Kirillov E, Roisnel T, Razavi A, Lhost O, Carpentier JF. Old and New C1-Symmetric Group 4 Metallocenes {(R1R2C)-(R2′R3′R6′R7′-Flu)(3-R3-5-R4-C5H2)}ZrCl2: From Highly Isotactic Polypropylenes to Vinyl End-Capped Isotactic-Enriched Oligomers. Organometallics 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/om300957k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Bader
- Organometallics, Materials and
Catalysis, UMR 6226 Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, CNRS−Université de Rennes 1, F-35042
Rennes, France
| | - Nicolas Marquet
- Organometallics, Materials and
Catalysis, UMR 6226 Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, CNRS−Université de Rennes 1, F-35042
Rennes, France
| | - Evgeny Kirillov
- Organometallics, Materials and
Catalysis, UMR 6226 Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, CNRS−Université de Rennes 1, F-35042
Rennes, France
| | - Thierry Roisnel
- Centre de
Diffractométrie
X, UMR 6226 Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, CNRS−Université de Rennes 1, F-35042
Rennes, France
| | - Abbas Razavi
- Total Petrochemicals Research, Zone Industrielle C, B-7181 Feluy, Belgium
| | - Olivier Lhost
- Total Petrochemicals Research, Zone Industrielle C, B-7181 Feluy, Belgium
| | - Jean-François Carpentier
- Organometallics, Materials and
Catalysis, UMR 6226 Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, CNRS−Université de Rennes 1, F-35042
Rennes, France
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Kirillov E, Marquet N, Bader M, Razavi A, Belia V, Hampel F, Roisnel T, Gladysz JA, Carpentier JF. Chiral-at-ansa-Bridged Group 4 Metallocene Complexes {(R1R2C)-(3,6-tBu2Flu)(3-R3-5-Me-C5H2)}MCl2: Synthesis, Structure, Stereochemistry, and Use in Highly Isoselective Propylene Polymerization. Organometallics 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/om100897j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Evgeny Kirillov
- Organometalliques et Catalyse, UMR 6226 CNRS-Université de Rennes 1, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Henkestrasse 42, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Nicolas Marquet
- Organometalliques et Catalyse, UMR 6226 CNRS-Université de Rennes 1, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Manuela Bader
- Organometalliques et Catalyse, UMR 6226 CNRS-Université de Rennes 1, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Abbas Razavi
- Total Petrochemicals, Zone Industrielle C, 7181 Feluy, Belgium
| | - Vincenzo Belia
- Total Petrochemicals, Zone Industrielle C, 7181 Feluy, Belgium
| | - Frank Hampel
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Henkestrasse 42, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Thierry Roisnel
- Organometalliques et Catalyse, UMR 6226 CNRS-Université de Rennes 1, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France
| | - John A. Gladysz
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Henkestrasse 42, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&Μ University, P.O. Box 30012, College Station, Texas 77842-3012, United States
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Kirillov E, Marquet N, Razavi A, Belia V, Hampel F, Roisnel T, Gladysz JA, Carpentier JF. New C1-Symmetric Ph2C-Bridged Multisubstituted ansa-Zirconocenes for Highly Isospecific Propylene Polymerization: Synthetic Approach via Activated Fulvenes. Organometallics 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/om100289y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Evgeny Kirillov
- Université de Rennes
1
- Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
| | | | | | | | - Frank Hampel
- Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
| | | | - John A. Gladysz
- Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
- Texas A&M University
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Rodrigues AS, Kirillov E, Lehmann CW, Roisnel T, Vuillemin B, Razavi A, Carpentier JF. Allylansa-Lanthanidocenes: Single-Component, Single-Site Catalysts for Controlled Syndiospecific Styrene and Styrene–Ethylene (Co)Polymerization. Chemistry 2007; 13:5548-65. [PMID: 17309082 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200601708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A series of new neutral allyl Group 3 metal complexes bearing ansa-bridged fluorenyl/cyclopentadienyl ligands [[Flu-EMe(2)-(3-R-Cp)]Ln(eta(3)-C(3)H(5))(THF)] (E=C, R=H, Ln=Y (2), La (3), Nd (4), Sm (5); R=tBu, Ln=Y (8), Nd (9); E=Si, R=H, Ln=Y (12), Nd (13)) were synthesized in good yields via salt metathesis protocols. The complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, NMR spectroscopy for diamagnetic complexes, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies for 2, 4, 9 and 12. Some of the allyl ansa-lanthanidocenes, especially 4, are effective single-component catalysts for the polymerization of styrene, giving pure syndiotactic polystyrenes (rrrr > 99 %) with low to high molecular weights (M(n)=6000-135,000 g mol(-1)) and narrow polydispersities (M(w)/M(n)=1.2-2.6). The catalyst systems are remarkably stable, capable of polymerizing styrene up to 120 degrees C with high activities, while maintaining high syndiotacticity via chain-end control as established by a Bernoullian analysis. Highly effective copolymerization of styrene with ethylene was achieved using neodymium complex 4 (activity up to 2530 kg PS-PE mol(-1) h(-1)) to give true copolymers void of homopolymers with M(n)=9000-152,000 g mol(-1) and narrow polydispersities (M(w)/M(n)=1.2-2.5). The nature of the resultant P(S-co-E) copolymers was ascertained by NMR, size-exclusion chromatography/refractive index/UV, temperature rising elusion fractionation, and differential scanning calorimetry. It is shown that, regardless the amount of ethylene incorporated (1-50 mol %), P(S-co-E) copolymers have a microstructure predominantly made of long highly syndiotactic PS sequences separated by single or few ethylene units. Co-monomers feed and polymerization temperature can be used straightforwardly to manipulate with the physical and mechanical characteristics of the P(S-co-E) copolymers (molecular weights and distributions, co-monomer content, microstructure, T(m), T(g), T(c)).
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Sophie Rodrigues
- Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, UMR 6226 CNRS-Université de Rennes 1, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France
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Razavi A, Bellia V, Baekelmans D, Slawinsky M, Sirol S, Peters L, Thewalt U. Chain “stationary” insertion mechanism and production of isotactic polypropylene with C 1 symmetric catalyst systems. KINETICS AND CATALYSIS 2006. [DOI: 10.1134/s0023158406020169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Razavi A, Thewalt U. Site selective ligand modification and tactic variation in polypropylene chains produced with metallocene catalysts. Coord Chem Rev 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2005.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Kirillov E, Lehmann CW, Razavi A, Carpentier JF. Synthesis, Structure, and Polymerization Activity of Neutral Halide, Alkyl, and Hydrido Yttrium Complexes of Isopropylidene-Bridged Cyclopentadienyl-Fluorenyl Ligands. Organometallics 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/om049902p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Evgueni Kirillov
- Organométalliques et Catalyse, UMR 6509 CNRS-Université de Rennes 1, Institut de Chimie de Rennes, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France, Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Chemical Crystallography, Postfach 101353, 45466 Mülheim/Ruhr, Germany, and Atofina Research, Zone Industrielle C, 7181 Feluy, Belgium
| | - Christian W. Lehmann
- Organométalliques et Catalyse, UMR 6509 CNRS-Université de Rennes 1, Institut de Chimie de Rennes, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France, Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Chemical Crystallography, Postfach 101353, 45466 Mülheim/Ruhr, Germany, and Atofina Research, Zone Industrielle C, 7181 Feluy, Belgium
| | - Abbas Razavi
- Organométalliques et Catalyse, UMR 6509 CNRS-Université de Rennes 1, Institut de Chimie de Rennes, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France, Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Chemical Crystallography, Postfach 101353, 45466 Mülheim/Ruhr, Germany, and Atofina Research, Zone Industrielle C, 7181 Feluy, Belgium
| | - Jean-François Carpentier
- Organométalliques et Catalyse, UMR 6509 CNRS-Université de Rennes 1, Institut de Chimie de Rennes, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France, Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Chemical Crystallography, Postfach 101353, 45466 Mülheim/Ruhr, Germany, and Atofina Research, Zone Industrielle C, 7181 Feluy, Belgium
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Razavi A, Bellia V, De Brauwer Y, Hortmann K, Peters L, Sirole S, Van Belle S, Marin V, Lopez M. Structural features of bridged cyclopentadienyl-fluorenyl based metallocene catalyst: origin of syndiospecificity. J Organomet Chem 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-328x(03)00733-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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12
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Kirillov E, Toupet L, Lehmann CW, Razavi A, Kahlal S, Saillard JY, Carpentier JF. [(Cp−CMe2−Flu)2Ln]-[Li(ether)n]+ (Ln = Y, La): Complexes with Unusual Coordination Modes of the Fluorenyl Ligand and the First Examples of Bis-Ansa Lanthanidocenes. Organometallics 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/om030181o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Evgueni Kirillov
- Organométalliques et Catalyse, UMR 6509 CNRS-Université de Rennes 1, Institut de Chimie de Rennes, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France, Groupe Matière Condensée et Matériaux, Cristallochimie, UMR 6626 CNRS-Université de Rennes 1, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France, Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Chemical Crystallography, Postfach 101353, 45466 Mülheim/Ruhr, Germany, Atofina Research, Zone Industrielle C, 7181 Feluy, Belgium, and Chimie du Solide et Inorganique Moléculaire, UMR 6511 CNRS-Université de Rennes 1,
| | - Loic Toupet
- Organométalliques et Catalyse, UMR 6509 CNRS-Université de Rennes 1, Institut de Chimie de Rennes, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France, Groupe Matière Condensée et Matériaux, Cristallochimie, UMR 6626 CNRS-Université de Rennes 1, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France, Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Chemical Crystallography, Postfach 101353, 45466 Mülheim/Ruhr, Germany, Atofina Research, Zone Industrielle C, 7181 Feluy, Belgium, and Chimie du Solide et Inorganique Moléculaire, UMR 6511 CNRS-Université de Rennes 1,
| | - Christian W. Lehmann
- Organométalliques et Catalyse, UMR 6509 CNRS-Université de Rennes 1, Institut de Chimie de Rennes, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France, Groupe Matière Condensée et Matériaux, Cristallochimie, UMR 6626 CNRS-Université de Rennes 1, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France, Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Chemical Crystallography, Postfach 101353, 45466 Mülheim/Ruhr, Germany, Atofina Research, Zone Industrielle C, 7181 Feluy, Belgium, and Chimie du Solide et Inorganique Moléculaire, UMR 6511 CNRS-Université de Rennes 1,
| | - Abbas Razavi
- Organométalliques et Catalyse, UMR 6509 CNRS-Université de Rennes 1, Institut de Chimie de Rennes, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France, Groupe Matière Condensée et Matériaux, Cristallochimie, UMR 6626 CNRS-Université de Rennes 1, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France, Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Chemical Crystallography, Postfach 101353, 45466 Mülheim/Ruhr, Germany, Atofina Research, Zone Industrielle C, 7181 Feluy, Belgium, and Chimie du Solide et Inorganique Moléculaire, UMR 6511 CNRS-Université de Rennes 1,
| | - Samia Kahlal
- Organométalliques et Catalyse, UMR 6509 CNRS-Université de Rennes 1, Institut de Chimie de Rennes, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France, Groupe Matière Condensée et Matériaux, Cristallochimie, UMR 6626 CNRS-Université de Rennes 1, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France, Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Chemical Crystallography, Postfach 101353, 45466 Mülheim/Ruhr, Germany, Atofina Research, Zone Industrielle C, 7181 Feluy, Belgium, and Chimie du Solide et Inorganique Moléculaire, UMR 6511 CNRS-Université de Rennes 1,
| | - Jean-Yves Saillard
- Organométalliques et Catalyse, UMR 6509 CNRS-Université de Rennes 1, Institut de Chimie de Rennes, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France, Groupe Matière Condensée et Matériaux, Cristallochimie, UMR 6626 CNRS-Université de Rennes 1, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France, Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Chemical Crystallography, Postfach 101353, 45466 Mülheim/Ruhr, Germany, Atofina Research, Zone Industrielle C, 7181 Feluy, Belgium, and Chimie du Solide et Inorganique Moléculaire, UMR 6511 CNRS-Université de Rennes 1,
| | - Jean-François Carpentier
- Organométalliques et Catalyse, UMR 6509 CNRS-Université de Rennes 1, Institut de Chimie de Rennes, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France, Groupe Matière Condensée et Matériaux, Cristallochimie, UMR 6626 CNRS-Université de Rennes 1, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France, Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Chemical Crystallography, Postfach 101353, 45466 Mülheim/Ruhr, Germany, Atofina Research, Zone Industrielle C, 7181 Feluy, Belgium, and Chimie du Solide et Inorganique Moléculaire, UMR 6511 CNRS-Université de Rennes 1,
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Smidt SP, Pfaltz A, Martínez-Viviente E, Pregosin PS, Albinati A. X-ray and NOE Studies on Trinuclear Iridium Hydride Phosphino Oxazoline (PHOX) Complexes. Organometallics 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/om020805a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Alberto Albinati
- Department of Structural Chemistry (DCSSI), University of Milan, I-20131 Milan, Italy
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