1
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Yang DH, Ricci F, Nordstrom FL, Li N. Complex oiling-out behavior of procaine with stable and metastable liquid phases. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:808-821. [PMID: 38095117 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp04622b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
Abstract
During the crystallization of a solute from solvent(s), spontaneous liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) might occur, under certain conditions. This phenomenon, colloquially referred to as "oiling-out" in the pharmaceutical industry, often leads to undesired outcomes, including undesired particle properties, encrustation, ineffective impurity rejection, and excessively long process time. Therefore, it is critical to understand the thermodynamic driving force and phase boundaries of this phenomenon, such that rational strategies can be developed to avoid oiling-out or minimize its negative impact. In this study, we systematically evaluated the oiling-out behavior of procaine, a low melting point drug, in the solvent systems heptane, and ethanol-heptane as a function of temperature and solvent composition. In the procaine-heptane binary system, we observed a region where the LLPS is metastable with respect to crystallization, which is most commonly observed in the crystallization of modern active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs); however, we also identified a region of the phase diagram where the LLPS is stable with respect to crystallization, and therefore will persist indefinitely. In the procaine-ethanol-heptane ternary system we identified five different regions, including a homogeneous liquid (L) region, two solid-liquid (SLI and SLII) regions, a liquid-liquid (LILII) region, and a solid-liquid-liquid (SLILII) region. The binary and ternary phase diagrams were also predicted using a state-of-the-art thermodynamic model: the SAFT-γ-Mie equation of state, and the results were compared with experimental data. Our findings highlight the complexity of oiling-out behavior. This work also represents a combined modeling and experimental platform to identify phase boundaries that will enable rational selection of strategies to crystallize active pharmaceutical ingredients with oiling-out risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Hye Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
| | - Francesco Ricci
- Material & Analytical Sciences, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Ridgefield, CT 06877, USA
| | - Fredrik L Nordstrom
- Material & Analytical Sciences, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Ridgefield, CT 06877, USA
| | - Na Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
- Institute of Material Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
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2
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Lou B, Xu Y, Qin X, Liu C, Wang S, Yuan H, Liu X, Zhang L, Lu J. Solubility measurement and molecular simulation of unsolvated and solvated estrogen receptor agonist (R)-equol in binary solvents (alcohols + n-heptane) from 273.15 K to 333.15 K. J Mol Liq 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2023.121460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
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3
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Simone E, Beveridge G, Sillers P, Webb J, George N, Hone J. Analysis of the Dissolution and Crystallization of Partly Immiscible Ternary Mixtures Using a Composite Sensor Array of In Situ ATR-FTIR, Laser Backscattering, and Imaging. Ind Eng Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.2c03494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Simone
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Torino 10129, Italy
- Food Colloids and Bioprocessing Group, School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds LS29JT, United Kingdom
| | - Gillian Beveridge
- Syngenta Grangemouth Manufacturing Centre, Grangemouth FK3 8XG, United Kingdom
| | - Pauline Sillers
- Syngenta Grangemouth Manufacturing Centre, Grangemouth FK3 8XG, United Kingdom
| | - Jennifer Webb
- Syngenta Jealott’s Hill International Research Centre, Warfield, Bracknell RG42 6EY, United Kingdom
| | - Neil George
- Syngenta Jealott’s Hill International Research Centre, Warfield, Bracknell RG42 6EY, United Kingdom
- School of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds LS29JT, United Kingdom
| | - John Hone
- Syngenta Jealott’s Hill International Research Centre, Warfield, Bracknell RG42 6EY, United Kingdom
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4
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Zhang H, Zhang K, Yu M, Guo J, Xu S, Wang Y. Insight into solid-liquid and liquid-liquid phase equilibrium behavior of vanillin and ethyl vanillin. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.120059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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5
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Zou F, Zhou L, Chen Q, Zhu J, Wang J, Tang Y, Wang M, Yang P, Li T. pH-Dependent-Oiling-out During the Polymorphism Transformation of Disodium Guanosine 5′-Monophosphate. CrystEngComm 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1ce01451j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Oiling-out occurs frequently in industrial crystallization, and strongly influences the morphology and quality of crystals. In this study, the influence of oiling-out with higher pH during the polymorph transformation of...
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6
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Wang L, Yang H, Sun Z, Bao Y, Yin Q. Wet Milling, Seeding, and Ultrasound in the Optimization of the Oiling-Out Crystallization Process. Ind Eng Chem Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.1c04167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liping Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology and State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- The Co-Innovation Center of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering of Tianjin, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Huaiyu Yang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, U.K
| | - Zhuang Sun
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, U.K
- Future Continuous Manufacturing and Advanced Crystallization (CMAC), Research Hub at the Department of Chemical Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, U.K
| | - Ying Bao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology and State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- The Co-Innovation Center of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering of Tianjin, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Qiuxiang Yin
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology and State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- The Co-Innovation Center of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering of Tianjin, Tianjin 300072, China
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7
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8
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Wang L, Bao Y, Sun Z, Pinfield VJ, Yin Q, Yang H. Investigation of Agglomeration in the Presence of Oiling Out in the Antisolvent Crystallization Process. Ind Eng Chem Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.1c00491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liping Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology and State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- The Co-Innovation Center of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering of Tianjin, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Ying Bao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology and State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- The Co-Innovation Center of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering of Tianjin, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Zhuang Sun
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Loughborough University, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, U.K
| | - Valerie J. Pinfield
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Loughborough University, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, U.K
| | - Qiuxiang Yin
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology and State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- The Co-Innovation Center of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering of Tianjin, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Huaiyu Yang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Loughborough University, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, U.K
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9
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Acevedo D, Wu WL, Yang X, Pavurala N, Mohammad A, O'Connor TF. Evaluation of focused beam reflectance measurement (FBRM) for monitoring and predicting the crystal size of carbamazepine in crystallization processes. CrystEngComm 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0ce01388a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Pharmaceutical crystallization affects the properties of APIs as it determines the purity and crystal size distribution, among other attributes. This work presents two CLD–CSD models, theoretical and empirical, for a model compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Acevedo
- Office of Pharmaceutical Quality
- CDER
- FDA
- Silver Spring
- USA
| | - Wei-Lee Wu
- Office of Pharmaceutical Quality
- CDER
- FDA
- Silver Spring
- USA
| | | | | | - Adil Mohammad
- Office of Pharmaceutical Quality
- CDER
- FDA
- Silver Spring
- USA
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10
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Yan Y, Li A, Si Z, Zhang X. Solubility measurement, correlation and molecular simulation of dabigatran etexilate mesylate polymorphs in five mono-solvents. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.113676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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11
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Meng Z, Huang Y, Cheng S, Wang J. Investigation of Oiling‐Out Phenomenon of Small Organic Molecules in Crystallization Processes: A Review. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202001255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zichao Meng
- School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin University No. 92 Weijin Road Tianjin 300072 P.R. China
| | - Yan Huang
- School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin University No. 92 Weijin Road Tianjin 300072 P.R. China
| | - Shuo Cheng
- School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin University No. 92 Weijin Road Tianjin 300072 P.R. China
| | - Jingtao Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin University No. 92 Weijin Road Tianjin 300072 P.R. China
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12
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Sun M, Du S, Yang J, Wang L, Gao Z, Gong J. Understanding the Effects of Upstream Impurities on the Oiling-Out and Crystallization of γ-Aminobutyric Acid. Org Process Res Dev 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.9b00506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Sun
- School of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Shichao Du
- School of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Jingxiang Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Design Institute, New York University, New York 100003, United States
| | - Lingyu Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Zhenguo Gao
- School of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Junbo Gong
- School of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
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13
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Solubility and thermodynamics of d-glucosamine 2-sulfate sodium salt in water and binary solvent mixtures with methanol, ethanol and n-propanol. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2019.112218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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14
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Tanaka K, Takiyama H. Effect of Oiling-Out during Crystallization on Purification of an Intermediate Compound. Org Process Res Dev 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.9b00256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kota Tanaka
- API Process Development Department, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 5-5-1 Ukima, Kita-ku, Tokyo 115-8543, Japan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology (TUAT), 2-24-16 Nakacho, Koganei-shi, Tokyo 184-0012, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Takiyama
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology (TUAT), 2-24-16 Nakacho, Koganei-shi, Tokyo 184-0012, Japan
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15
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Optimization of Vapor Diffusion Conditions for Anti-CD20 Crystallization and Scale-Up to Meso Batch. CRYSTALS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst9050230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The crystal form is one of the preferred formulations for biotherapeutics, especially thanks to its ability to ensure high stability of the active ingredient. In addition, crystallization allows the recovery of a very pure drug, thus facilitating the manufacturing process. However, in many cases, crystallization is not trivial, and other formulations, such as the concentrate solution, represent the only choice. This is the case of anti-cluster of differentiation 20 (anti-CD20), which is one of the most sold antibodies for therapeutic uses. Here, we propose a set of optimized crystallization conditions for producing anti-CD20 needle-shaped crystals within 24 h in a very reproducible manner with high yield. High crystallization yield was obtained with high reproducibility using both hanging drop vapor diffusion and meso batch, which is a major step forward toward further scaling up the crystallization of anti-CD20. The influence of anti-CD20 storage conditions and the effect of different ions on the crystallization processes were also assessed. The crystal quality and the high yield allowed the first crystallographic investigation on anti-CD20, which positively confirmed the presence of the antibody in the crystals.
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16
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Cardona J, Ferreira C, McGinty J, Hamilton A, Agimelen OS, Cleary A, Atkinson R, Michie C, Marshall S, Chen YC, Sefcik J, Andonovic I, Tachtatzis C. Image analysis framework with focus evaluation for in situ characterisation of particle size and shape attributes. Chem Eng Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2018.06.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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17
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18
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Integrating crystallization with experimental model parameter determination and modeling into conceptual process design for the purification of complex feed mixtures. Chem Eng Res Des 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2018.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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19
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Acevedo D, Yang X, Mohammad A, Pavurala N, Wu WL, O’Connor TF, Nagy ZK, Cruz CN. Raman Spectroscopy for Monitoring the Continuous Crystallization of Carbamazepine. Org Process Res Dev 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.7b00322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- David Acevedo
- Office
of Pharmaceutical Quality, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland 20993-0002, United States
| | - Xiaochuan Yang
- Office
of Pharmaceutical Quality, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland 20993-0002, United States
| | - Adil Mohammad
- Office
of Pharmaceutical Quality, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland 20993-0002, United States
| | - Naresh Pavurala
- Office
of Pharmaceutical Quality, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland 20993-0002, United States
| | - Wei-Lee Wu
- Office
of Pharmaceutical Quality, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland 20993-0002, United States
| | - Thomas F. O’Connor
- Office
of Pharmaceutical Quality, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland 20993-0002, United States
| | - Zoltan K. Nagy
- Davidson
School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Celia N. Cruz
- Office
of Pharmaceutical Quality, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland 20993-0002, United States
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20
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de Albuquerque I, Mazzotti M. Influence of Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation on the Crystallization of L
-Menthol from Water. Chem Eng Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.201700032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ian de Albuquerque
- ETH Zurich; Institute of Process Engineering; Sonneggstrasse 3 8092 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Marco Mazzotti
- ETH Zurich; Institute of Process Engineering; Sonneggstrasse 3 8092 Zurich Switzerland
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21
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Goetsch T, Zimmermann P, van den Bongard R, Enders S, Zeiner T. Superposition of Liquid–Liquid and Solid–Liquid Equilibria of Linear and Branched Molecules: Ternary Systems. Ind Eng Chem Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.6b04253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Goetsch
- Department
of Biochemical and Chemical Engineering, Laboratory of Fluid Separations, TU Dortmund University, Emil-Figge-Straße 70, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Patrick Zimmermann
- Institute
of Technical Thermodynamics and Refrigeration Engineering, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engler-Bunte-Ring 21, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Rebecca van den Bongard
- Department
of Biochemical and Chemical Engineering, Laboratory of Fluid Separations, TU Dortmund University, Emil-Figge-Straße 70, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Sabine Enders
- Institute
of Technical Thermodynamics and Refrigeration Engineering, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engler-Bunte-Ring 21, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Tim Zeiner
- Institute
of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, Technical University Graz, Inffeldgasse 25 C, A-8010Graz, Austria
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22
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Li K, Wu S, Xu S, Du S, Zhao K, Lin L, Yang P, Yu B, Hou B, Gong J. Oiling out and Polymorphism Control of Pyraclostrobin in Cooling Crystallization. Ind Eng Chem Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.6b03097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kangli Li
- School
of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical
Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Songgu Wu
- School
of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical
Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Shijie Xu
- School
of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical
Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Shichao Du
- School
of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical
Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Kaifei Zhao
- School
of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical
Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Lanlan Lin
- School
of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical
Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Peng Yang
- School
of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical
Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Bo Yu
- School
of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical
Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Baohong Hou
- School
of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical
Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Junbo Gong
- School
of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical
Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, PR China
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23
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Lê HQ, Zaitseva A, Pokki JP, Ståhl M, Alopaeus V, Sixta H. Solubility of Organosolv Lignin in γ-Valerolactone/Water Binary Mixtures. CHEMSUSCHEM 2016; 9:2939-2947. [PMID: 27717159 PMCID: PMC6586022 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201600655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Revised: 07/23/2016] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The solubility of lignin in a mixture of γ-valerolactone (GVL) and water at different weight ratios was measured using the Hildebrand solubility parameters. Based on the molecular structure of lignin, its solubility parameter (δ-value) was calculated as 25.5 MPa1/2 . The δ-value for aqueous GVL solvent increased from 23.1 MPa1/2 for pure GVL to 45.6 MPa1/2 for pure water. Therefore, the lignin solubility was predicted to increase with increasing GVL concentration in the aqueous mixture up to approximately 92-96 wt % of GVL. A ternary diagram describing the phase behavior of water-GVL-lignin mixtures at room temperature was constructed based on the experimental results. The three-component system exhibited a complex behavior with a liquid-liquid and solid-liquid-liquid phase split. The efficiency of the selected fractionation trials in a previous work was validated using the ternary solubility diagram. A promising recovery pathway and lignin isolation method were deduced from the results of this work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huy Quang Lê
- Department of Forest Products Technology, Aalto University, Vuorimiehentie 1, 02150, Espoo, Finland
| | - Anna Zaitseva
- Department of Biotechnology and Chemical Technology, Aalto University, Kemistintie 1, 02150, Espoo, Finland
| | - Juha-Pekka Pokki
- Department of Biotechnology and Chemical Technology, Aalto University, Kemistintie 1, 02150, Espoo, Finland
| | - Marina Ståhl
- Department of Forest Products Technology, Aalto University, Vuorimiehentie 1, 02150, Espoo, Finland
| | - Ville Alopaeus
- Department of Biotechnology and Chemical Technology, Aalto University, Kemistintie 1, 02150, Espoo, Finland
| | - Herbert Sixta
- Department of Forest Products Technology, Aalto University, Vuorimiehentie 1, 02150, Espoo, Finland.
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24
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Goetsch T, Zimmermann P, van den Bongard R, Enders S, Zeiner T. Superposition of Liquid–Liquid and Solid–Liquid Equilibria of Linear and Branched Molecules: Binary Systems. Ind Eng Chem Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.6b02798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Goetsch
- Department
of Biochemical and Chemical Engineering, Laboratory of Fluid Separations, TU Dortmund University, Emil-Figge-Straße 70, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Patrick Zimmermann
- Institute
of Technical Thermodynamics and Refrigeration Engineering, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engler-Bunte-Ring 21, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Rebecca van den Bongard
- Department
of Biochemical and Chemical Engineering, Laboratory of Fluid Separations, TU Dortmund University, Emil-Figge-Straße 70, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Sabine Enders
- Institute
of Technical Thermodynamics and Refrigeration Engineering, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engler-Bunte-Ring 21, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Tim Zeiner
- Department
of Biochemical and Chemical Engineering, Laboratory of Fluid Separations, TU Dortmund University, Emil-Figge-Straße 70, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany
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25
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Bhardwaj RM, Yang H, Florence AJ. Crystal structure of the co-crystal butyl-paraben-isonicotinamide (1/1). Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun 2016; 72:53-5. [PMID: 26870584 PMCID: PMC4704755 DOI: 10.1107/s2056989015023518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The title 1:1 co-crystal, C11H14O3·C6H6N2O [systematic name: butyl 4-hy-droxy-benzoate-isonicotinamide (1/1)], crystallizes with one mol-ecule of butyl-paraben (BPN) and one mol-ecule of isonicotinamide (ISN) in the asymmetric unit. In the crystal, BPN and ISN mol-ecules form hydrogen-bonded (O-H⋯N and N-H⋯O) dimers of paired BPN and ISN mol-ecules. These dimers are further connected to each other via N-H⋯O=C hydrogen bonds, creating ribbons in [011] which further stack along the a axis to form a layered structure with short C⋯C contacts of 3.285 (3) Å. Packing inter-actions within the crystal structure were assessed using PIXEL calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajni M. Bhardwaj
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, Scotland
| | - Huaiyu Yang
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, Scotland
| | - Alastair J. Florence
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, Scotland
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26
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Chaves TF, Soares FLF, Cardoso D, Carneiro RL. Monitoring of the crystallization of zeolite LTA using Raman and chemometric tools. Analyst 2015; 140:854-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c4an00913d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of zeolite LTA was monitored using Raman spectroscopy. The PCA shows 3 stages of the reaction: amorphous reactants, the nucleation process and crystallization.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. F. Chaves
- Federal University of São Carlos – Chemical Engineering Department
- São Carlos
- Brazil
| | - F. L. F. Soares
- Federal University of São Carlos – Chemistry Department
- São Carlos
- Brazil
| | - D. Cardoso
- Federal University of São Carlos – Chemical Engineering Department
- São Carlos
- Brazil
| | - R. L. Carneiro
- Federal University of São Carlos – Chemistry Department
- São Carlos
- Brazil
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27
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Abstract
Sandwich crystals: one polymorph. Opaque middle layer: 0.1 μm scale size pores. Parallel outer layer: translucent crystalline layers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaiyu Yang
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Stockholm, Sweden
- Solid-State Research Group
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences
| | - Hong Chen
- Stockholm University
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry
- Stockholm, Sweden
- China University of Geosciences
- Department of Material Science and Chemistry
| | - Åke C. Rasmuson
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Stockholm, Sweden
- University of Limerick
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Science
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