Robust Enzymatic Resolution of 3-Fluoromandelic Acid with Lipase PS Supported on Celite

Immobilization of Prunus amygdalus Hydroxynitrile Lyase on Celite

The hydroxynitrile lyase from Prunus amygdalus was immobilized on Celite R-633. The immobilized enzyme could successfully be utilized in buffer saturated MTBE and excellent conversions of benzaldehyde to R-mandelonitrile were observed. No leaching occurred. To achieve high enantioselectivities, the suppression of the undesired background reaction was essential. This could be achieved by high enzyme loadings and the tight packing of the immobilized enzymes. When the immobilized enzyme is loosely packed, both the enzyme catalysis and the background reaction accelerates and only a modest enantioselectivity is observed. The enzyme was recycled for up to ten times, with some loss of activity and also enantioselectivity after 5 cycles, independent of packing.

Decarboxylative acylation of arenes with mandelic acid derivatives via palladium-catalyzed oxidative sp2 C–H activation

An efficient approach for the palladium catalyzed decarboxylative cross-coupling of electron-deficient arenes with mandelic acid.