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Yang H, Yu H, Stolarzewicz IA, Tang W. Enantioselective Transformations in the Synthesis of Therapeutic Agents. Chem Rev 2023; 123:9397-9446. [PMID: 37417731 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
The proportion of approved chiral drugs and drug candidates under medical studies has surged dramatically over the past two decades. As a consequence, the efficient synthesis of enantiopure pharmaceuticals or their synthetic intermediates poses a profound challenge to medicinal and process chemists. The significant advancement in asymmetric catalysis has provided an effective and reliable solution to this challenge. The successful application of transition metal catalysis, organocatalysis, and biocatalysis to the medicinal and pharmaceutical industries has promoted drug discovery by efficient and precise preparation of enantio-enriched therapeutic agents, and facilitated the industrial production of active pharmaceutical ingredient in an economic and environmentally friendly fashion. The present review summarizes the most recent applications (2008-2022) of asymmetric catalysis in the pharmaceutical industry ranging from process scales to pilot and industrial levels. It also showcases the latest achievements and trends in the asymmetric synthesis of therapeutic agents with state of the art technologies of asymmetric catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Organic and Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hanxiao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Organic and Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Izabela A Stolarzewicz
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Organic and Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Wenjun Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Organic and Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
- School of Chemistry and Material Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
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2
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Qu B, Lee J, Wu L, Saha AK, Li G, Xu Y, Tan Z, Brazzillo J, Haddad N, Pennino S, Rodriguez S, Lorenz JC, Frutos R, Sidhu KPS, Wang XJ, Zhang Y, Senanayake CH, Song JJ. Scalable Process of Spiro(cyclopropane)oxazepane Pyridine Carboxylic Acid through Kulinkovich, Mitsunobu, and Pd-Catalyzed Intramolecular C–N Coupling. Org Process Res Dev 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.2c00221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Qu
- Chemical Development US, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
| | - Jaehee Lee
- Chemical Development US, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
| | - Lifen Wu
- Chemical Development US, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
| | - Anjan K. Saha
- Chemical Development US, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
| | - Guisheng Li
- Chemical Development US, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
| | - Yibo Xu
- Chemical Development US, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
| | - Zhulin Tan
- Chemical Development US, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
| | - Jason Brazzillo
- Chemical Development US, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
| | - Nizar Haddad
- Chemical Development US, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
| | - Scott Pennino
- Material and Analytical Sciences, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
| | - Sonia Rodriguez
- Chemical Development US, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
| | - Jon C. Lorenz
- Chemical Development US, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
| | - Rogelio Frutos
- Chemical Development US, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
| | - Kanwar P. S. Sidhu
- Chemical Development US, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
| | - Xiao-Jun Wang
- Chemical Development US, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
| | - Yongda Zhang
- Chemical Development US, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
| | - Chris H. Senanayake
- Chemical Development US, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
| | - Jinhua J. Song
- Chemical Development US, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
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3
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Seo CSG, Tsui BTH, Gradiski MV, Smith SAM, Morris RH. Enantioselective direct, base-free hydrogenation of ketones by a manganese amido complex of a homochiral, unsymmetrical P–N–P′ ligand. Catal Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cy00446h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Base-free direct hydrogenation of ketones using a Mn(PNP′)(CO)2 complex is more enantioselective than that of a related base-activated iron complex.
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4
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Zhao MM, Zhang H, Iimura S, Bednarz MS, Kanamarlapudi RC, Yan J, Lim NK, Wu W. Process Development of Tryptophan Hydroxylase Inhibitor LX1031, a Drug Candidate for the Treatment of Irritable Bowel Syndrome. Org Process Res Dev 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.9b00520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew M. Zhao
- Chemical Development, Lexicon Pharmaceutical, Inc., 110 Allen Road, Basking Ridge, New Jersey 07920, United States
| | - Haiming Zhang
- Chemical Development, Lexicon Pharmaceutical, Inc., 110 Allen Road, Basking Ridge, New Jersey 07920, United States
| | - Shinya Iimura
- Chemical Development, Lexicon Pharmaceutical, Inc., 110 Allen Road, Basking Ridge, New Jersey 07920, United States
| | - Mark S. Bednarz
- Chemical Development, Lexicon Pharmaceutical, Inc., 110 Allen Road, Basking Ridge, New Jersey 07920, United States
| | - Ramanaiah C. Kanamarlapudi
- Chemical Development, Lexicon Pharmaceutical, Inc., 110 Allen Road, Basking Ridge, New Jersey 07920, United States
| | - Jie Yan
- Chemical Development, Lexicon Pharmaceutical, Inc., 110 Allen Road, Basking Ridge, New Jersey 07920, United States
| | - Ngiap-Kie Lim
- Chemical Development, Lexicon Pharmaceutical, Inc., 110 Allen Road, Basking Ridge, New Jersey 07920, United States
| | - Wenxue Wu
- Chemical Development, Lexicon Pharmaceutical, Inc., 110 Allen Road, Basking Ridge, New Jersey 07920, United States
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5
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Seo CSG, Morris RH. Catalytic Homogeneous Asymmetric Hydrogenation: Successes and Opportunities. Organometallics 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chris S. G. Seo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, M5S3H6 Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robert H. Morris
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, M5S3H6 Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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6
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Szigeti M, Dobi Z, Soós T. The Goldilocks Principle in Phase Labeling. Minimalist and Orthogonal Phase Tagging for Chromatography-Free Mitsunobu Reaction. J Org Chem 2018; 83:2869-2874. [PMID: 29378404 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b00014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
An inexpensive and chromatography-free Mitsunobu methodology has been developed using low molecular weight and orthogonally phase-tagged reagents, a tert-butyl-tagged highly apolar phosphine, and a water-soluble DIAD analogue. The byproduct of the Mitsunobu reactions can be removed by sequential liquid-liquid extractions using traditional solvents such as hexanes, MeOH, water, and EtOAc. Owing to the orthogonal phase labeling, the spent reagents can be regenerated. This new variant of the Mitsunobu reaction promises to provide an alternative and complementary solution for the well-known separation problem of the Mitsunobu reaction without having to resort to expensive, large molecular weight reagents and chromatography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariann Szigeti
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Research Centre of Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences Magyar tudósok körútja 2, H-1117, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Dobi
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Research Centre of Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences Magyar tudósok körútja 2, H-1117, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tibor Soós
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Research Centre of Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences Magyar tudósok körútja 2, H-1117, Budapest, Hungary
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8
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Magano J, Dunetz JR. Large-Scale Carbonyl Reductions in the Pharmaceutical Industry. Org Process Res Dev 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/op2003826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 292] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Javier Magano
- Chemical Research and Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Joshua R. Dunetz
- Chemical Research and Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
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9
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Ager DJ, de Vries AHM, de Vries JG. Asymmetric homogeneous hydrogenations at scale. Chem Soc Rev 2012; 41:3340-80. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cs15312b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 266] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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10
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Wang H, Wang Y, Liang D, Liu L, Zhang J, Zhu Q. Copper-Catalyzed Intramolecular Dehydrogenative Aminooxygenation: Direct Access to Formyl-Substituted Aromatic N-Heterocycles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201100362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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11
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Wang H, Wang Y, Liang D, Liu L, Zhang J, Zhu Q. Copper-Catalyzed Intramolecular Dehydrogenative Aminooxygenation: Direct Access to Formyl-Substituted Aromatic N-Heterocycles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 50:5678-81. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201100362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 302] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2011] [Revised: 03/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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12
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Abstract
A high yielding practical three-step procedure, which relies on an extractive work-up procedure, has been developed to convert N-phenylsulfonyl-trans-4-hydroxy-l-proline to N-phenylsulfonyl-cis-4-hydroxy-l-proline methyl ester in 82 % yield over three steps.
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13
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McGarrity JF, Zanotti-Gerosa A. A feasibility study on the synthesis of phenylephrine via ruthenium-catalyzed homogeneous asymmetric hydrogenation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2010.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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14
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Connolly TJ, Auguscinski W, Fung P, Galante R, Liu W, McGovern L, Sebastian A, Shen X, Shi X, Wilk B, Varsalona R, Zhong H. Development of a Pilot-Plant-Scale Synthesis of an Alkylated Dihydrobenzothiadiazole S,S-Dioxide: Incorporation of a Late-Stage Mitsunobu Reaction. Org Process Res Dev 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/op100113j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Terrence J. Connolly
- Chemical Development, Wyeth Research, 401 North Middletown Road, Pearl River, New York 10965, U.S.A., and Wyeth Research, 64 Maple Street, Rouses Point, New York 12979, U.S.A
| | - Waldemar Auguscinski
- Chemical Development, Wyeth Research, 401 North Middletown Road, Pearl River, New York 10965, U.S.A., and Wyeth Research, 64 Maple Street, Rouses Point, New York 12979, U.S.A
| | - Peter Fung
- Chemical Development, Wyeth Research, 401 North Middletown Road, Pearl River, New York 10965, U.S.A., and Wyeth Research, 64 Maple Street, Rouses Point, New York 12979, U.S.A
| | - Rocco Galante
- Chemical Development, Wyeth Research, 401 North Middletown Road, Pearl River, New York 10965, U.S.A., and Wyeth Research, 64 Maple Street, Rouses Point, New York 12979, U.S.A
| | - Weiguo Liu
- Chemical Development, Wyeth Research, 401 North Middletown Road, Pearl River, New York 10965, U.S.A., and Wyeth Research, 64 Maple Street, Rouses Point, New York 12979, U.S.A
| | - Linda McGovern
- Chemical Development, Wyeth Research, 401 North Middletown Road, Pearl River, New York 10965, U.S.A., and Wyeth Research, 64 Maple Street, Rouses Point, New York 12979, U.S.A
| | - Alice Sebastian
- Chemical Development, Wyeth Research, 401 North Middletown Road, Pearl River, New York 10965, U.S.A., and Wyeth Research, 64 Maple Street, Rouses Point, New York 12979, U.S.A
| | - Xiaole Shen
- Chemical Development, Wyeth Research, 401 North Middletown Road, Pearl River, New York 10965, U.S.A., and Wyeth Research, 64 Maple Street, Rouses Point, New York 12979, U.S.A
| | - Xinxu Shi
- Chemical Development, Wyeth Research, 401 North Middletown Road, Pearl River, New York 10965, U.S.A., and Wyeth Research, 64 Maple Street, Rouses Point, New York 12979, U.S.A
| | - Boguslawa Wilk
- Chemical Development, Wyeth Research, 401 North Middletown Road, Pearl River, New York 10965, U.S.A., and Wyeth Research, 64 Maple Street, Rouses Point, New York 12979, U.S.A
| | - Richard Varsalona
- Chemical Development, Wyeth Research, 401 North Middletown Road, Pearl River, New York 10965, U.S.A., and Wyeth Research, 64 Maple Street, Rouses Point, New York 12979, U.S.A
| | - Huijuan Zhong
- Chemical Development, Wyeth Research, 401 North Middletown Road, Pearl River, New York 10965, U.S.A., and Wyeth Research, 64 Maple Street, Rouses Point, New York 12979, U.S.A
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15
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Palmer AM, Chiesa V, Schmid A, Münch G, Grobbel B, Zimmermann PJ, Brehm C, Buhr W, Simon WA, Kromer W, Postius S, Volz J, Hess D. Tetrahydrochromenoimidazoles as Potassium-Competitive Acid Blockers (P-CABs): Structure−Activity Relationship of Their Antisecretory Properties and Their Affinity toward the hERG Channel. J Med Chem 2010; 53:3645-74. [PMID: 20380432 DOI: 10.1021/jm100040c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas M. Palmer
- NYCOMED GmbH, Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, Biochemistry, Pharmacology, and Physicochemistry, Byk-Gulden-Strasse 2, D-78467 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Vittoria Chiesa
- NYCOMED GmbH, Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, Biochemistry, Pharmacology, and Physicochemistry, Byk-Gulden-Strasse 2, D-78467 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Anja Schmid
- NYCOMED GmbH, Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, Biochemistry, Pharmacology, and Physicochemistry, Byk-Gulden-Strasse 2, D-78467 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Gabriela Münch
- NYCOMED GmbH, Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, Biochemistry, Pharmacology, and Physicochemistry, Byk-Gulden-Strasse 2, D-78467 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Burkhard Grobbel
- NYCOMED GmbH, Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, Biochemistry, Pharmacology, and Physicochemistry, Byk-Gulden-Strasse 2, D-78467 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Peter J. Zimmermann
- NYCOMED GmbH, Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, Biochemistry, Pharmacology, and Physicochemistry, Byk-Gulden-Strasse 2, D-78467 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Christof Brehm
- NYCOMED GmbH, Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, Biochemistry, Pharmacology, and Physicochemistry, Byk-Gulden-Strasse 2, D-78467 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Wilm Buhr
- NYCOMED GmbH, Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, Biochemistry, Pharmacology, and Physicochemistry, Byk-Gulden-Strasse 2, D-78467 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Wolfgang-Alexander Simon
- NYCOMED GmbH, Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, Biochemistry, Pharmacology, and Physicochemistry, Byk-Gulden-Strasse 2, D-78467 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Kromer
- NYCOMED GmbH, Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, Biochemistry, Pharmacology, and Physicochemistry, Byk-Gulden-Strasse 2, D-78467 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Stefan Postius
- NYCOMED GmbH, Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, Biochemistry, Pharmacology, and Physicochemistry, Byk-Gulden-Strasse 2, D-78467 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Jürgen Volz
- NYCOMED GmbH, Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, Biochemistry, Pharmacology, and Physicochemistry, Byk-Gulden-Strasse 2, D-78467 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Dietmar Hess
- NMI TT GmbH, Markwiesenstrasse 55, D-72770 Reutlingen, Germany
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16
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Takashima Y, Kaneko Y, Kobayashi Y. Synthetic access to optically active isoflavans by using allylic substitution. Tetrahedron 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2009.10.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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17
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Webel M, Palmer AM, Scheufler C, Haag D, Müller B. Development of an Efficient Process Towards the Benzimidazole BYK308944: A Key Intermediate in the Synthesis of a Potassium-Competitive Acid Blocker. Org Process Res Dev 2009. [DOI: 10.1021/op9002505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Webel
- NYCOMED GmbH, Department of Process Chemistry Research, Byk-Gulden-Strasse 2, D-78467 Konstanz, Germany, NYCOMED GmbH, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Byk-Gulden-Strasse 2, D-78467 Konstanz, Germany, and NYCOMED GmbH, Department of Process Chemistry Development, Robert-Bosch-Strasse 8, D-78224 Singen, Germany
| | - Andreas Marc Palmer
- NYCOMED GmbH, Department of Process Chemistry Research, Byk-Gulden-Strasse 2, D-78467 Konstanz, Germany, NYCOMED GmbH, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Byk-Gulden-Strasse 2, D-78467 Konstanz, Germany, and NYCOMED GmbH, Department of Process Chemistry Development, Robert-Bosch-Strasse 8, D-78224 Singen, Germany
| | - Christian Scheufler
- NYCOMED GmbH, Department of Process Chemistry Research, Byk-Gulden-Strasse 2, D-78467 Konstanz, Germany, NYCOMED GmbH, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Byk-Gulden-Strasse 2, D-78467 Konstanz, Germany, and NYCOMED GmbH, Department of Process Chemistry Development, Robert-Bosch-Strasse 8, D-78224 Singen, Germany
| | - Dieter Haag
- NYCOMED GmbH, Department of Process Chemistry Research, Byk-Gulden-Strasse 2, D-78467 Konstanz, Germany, NYCOMED GmbH, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Byk-Gulden-Strasse 2, D-78467 Konstanz, Germany, and NYCOMED GmbH, Department of Process Chemistry Development, Robert-Bosch-Strasse 8, D-78224 Singen, Germany
| | - Bernd Müller
- NYCOMED GmbH, Department of Process Chemistry Research, Byk-Gulden-Strasse 2, D-78467 Konstanz, Germany, NYCOMED GmbH, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Byk-Gulden-Strasse 2, D-78467 Konstanz, Germany, and NYCOMED GmbH, Department of Process Chemistry Development, Robert-Bosch-Strasse 8, D-78224 Singen, Germany
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18
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Palmer AM, Münch G, Grobbel B, Kromer W. Synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of potential metabolites of the potassium-competitive acid blocker BYK405879. Tetrahedron Lett 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2009.04.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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19
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Synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of 5-carboxamide-substituted tetrahydrochromeno[7,8-d]imidazoles. Tetrahedron Lett 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2009.04.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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