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Feduniw S, Krupa I, Łagowska K, Laudański P, Tabarkiewicz J, Stawarz B, Raba G. Placental Cannabinoid Receptor Expression in Preterm Birth. J Pregnancy 2024; 2024:6620156. [PMID: 38745869 PMCID: PMC11093692 DOI: 10.1155/2024/6620156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: The cannabinoid receptor (CBR) plays a significant role in oogenesis, pregnancy, and childbirth. It might also play a significant role in preterm birth (PTB). The aim of the study was to investigate the association between the expression of the CBR in the placenta and the incidence of PTB. Methods: This prospective, observational, multicentre preliminary study was conducted on placental samples obtained from 109 women. The study included 95 patients hospitalized due to the high risk of PTB. They were divided into two groups: Group 1, where the expression of the CBR1 and CBR1a was analyzed, and Group 2, in which we examined CBR2 expression. The control group, that is, Group 3, consisted of 14 women who delivered at term, and their placentas were tested for the presence of all three receptor types (CBR1, CBR1a, and CBR2). Results: The study used reverse transcription and real-time PCR methods to assess the expression of CBRs in the placental tissues. The expression of the CBR2, CBR1, and CBR1a receptors was significantly lower in the placentas of women after PTB compared to those after term births, p = 0.038, 0.033, and 0.034, respectively. Conclusions: The presence of CBR mRNA in the human placental tissue was confirmed. The decreased expression of CBRs could serve as an indicator in predicting PTB.
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MESH Headings
- Humans
- Female
- Pregnancy
- Placenta/metabolism
- Premature Birth/metabolism
- Prospective Studies
- Adult
- Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB2/metabolism
- Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB2/genetics
- Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1/metabolism
- Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1/genetics
- Case-Control Studies
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Receptors, Cannabinoid/metabolism
- Receptors, Cannabinoid/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Stepan Feduniw
- Department of Gynecology, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Izabela Krupa
- Laboratory for Translational Research in Medicine, Centre for Innovative Research in Medical and Natural Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rzeszów, 35-310 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Łagowska
- Laboratory for Translational Research in Medicine, Centre for Innovative Research in Medical and Natural Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rzeszów, 35-310 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Piotr Laudański
- Chair and Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Gynecological Oncology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
- Women's Health Research Institute, Calisia University, 62-800 Kalisz, Poland
- OVIklinika Infertility Center, 01-377 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jacek Tabarkiewicz
- Laboratory for Translational Research in Medicine, Centre for Innovative Research in Medical and Natural Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rzeszów, 35-310 Rzeszów, Poland
- Department of Human Immunology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszów University, University of Rzeszów, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
| | | | - Grzegorz Raba
- Medical College of Rzeszów University, University of Rzeszów, 35-315 Rzeszów, Poland
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Hong S, Park KH, Kim YM, Joo E, Kim HJ, Ahn K. Measurements of Interleukin-8 and Matrix Metalloproteinases-9 in Cervicovaginal Fluid in Women with Preterm Labor: A Direct Comparison with Amniotic Fluid. Am J Perinatol 2024; 41:867-875. [PMID: 35545107 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1748153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to evaluate the correlation and agreement of interleukin (IL)-8 and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-9) levels between cervicovaginal (CVF) and amniotic fluids (AF) in women with preterm labor (PTL) and to determine the clinical values of these proteins in CVF compared with those in AF. STUDY DESIGN We designed a retrospective cohort study of 85 singleton pregnant women with PTL at 23 to 34 weeks, who underwent amniocentesis. The AF was cultured, and CVF samples were collected at the time of amniocentesis. Paired AF and CVF samples were assayed for IL-8 and MMP-9 by enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) in duplicate on a single plate, using similar dilution ratios. RESULTS A significant but weak correlation was found for IL-8 levels between AF and CVF (r = 0.333), while no correlation was found for MMP-9 levels between AF and CVF (r = -0.039). Intra-class correlation coefficient for the agreement of IL-8 levels between CVF and AF was 0.4335 and -0.279 for MMP-9, indicating a poor-to-fair level of agreement between the two measured values, respectively. IL-8 and MMP-9 levels in CVF were not associated with the risk of either microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity (MIAC) or spontaneous preterm delivery (SPTD) within 7 days, whereas those in AF provided good-to-excellent predictive values for these two outcomes (area under the curve [AUCs]: 0.82-0.95). AUCs for IL-8 and MMP-9 were significantly larger using AF rather than using CVF for the prediction of MIAC and SPTD. CONCLUSION In women with PTL, IL-8 and MMP-9 levels in CVF do not precisely reflect the levels of the corresponding proteins in AF. IL-8 and MMP-9 levels in CVF had poor predictive values for the risk of MIAC and SPTD and were significantly inferior to those in AF. KEY POINTS · IL-8 and MMP-9 levels in CVF do not precisely reflect levels of the corresponding proteins in AF.. · Diagnostic accuracy of IL-8 and MMP-9 in CVF alone is not sufficient to predict MIAC and SPTD.. · IL-8 and MMP-9 levels in AF provide good-to-excellent predictive values for these two outcomes..
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Affiliation(s)
- Subeen Hong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyo Hoon Park
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Mi Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunwook Joo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon Ji Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwanghee Ahn
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
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Park KH, Lee KN, Oh E, Im EM. Inflammatory biomarkers in the cervicovaginal fluid to identify histologic chorioamnionitis and funisitis in women with preterm labor. Cytokine 2023; 169:156308. [PMID: 37536223 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2023.156308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We investigated the association between altered levels of inflammatory proteins in the cervicovaginal fluid (CVF) and acute histologic chorioamnionitis (HCA) and funisitis in women with preterm labor (PTL). METHODS In this study, a total of 134 consecutive singleton pregnant women with PTL (at 23+0-34+0 weeks) who delivered preterm (at < 37 weeks) and from whom CVF samples were collected at admission were retrospectively enrolled. The CVF levels of haptoglobin, interleukin-6/8, kallistatin, lipocalin-2, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-8, resistin, S100 calcium-binding protein A8, and serpin A1 were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The placentas were histologically analyzed after delivery. RESULTS Multiple logistic regression analyses showed significant associations between elevated CVF interleukin-8 and resistin levels and acute HCA after adjusting for baseline covariates (e.g., gestational age at sampling). CVF haptoglobin, interleukin-6/8, kallistatin, MMP-8, and resistin levels were significantly higher in women with funisitis than in those without, whereas the baseline covariates were similar between the two groups (P > 0.1). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curves of the aforementioned biomarkers ranged from 0.61 to 0.77 regarding each outcome. Notably, HCA risk significantly increased with increasing CVF levels of interleukin-8 and resistin (P for trend < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Haptoglobin, interleukin-6/8, kallistatin, MMP-8, and resistin were identified as potential inflammatory CVF biomarkers predictive of acute HCA and funisitis in women with PTL. Moreover, the risk severity of acute HCA may be associated with the degree of the inflammatory response in the CVF (particularly based on interleukin-8 levels).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyo Hoon Park
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.
| | - Kyong-No Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Eunji Oh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Eun Mi Im
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
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Tiwari P, Seth S, Sharma R, Verma R, Narain M, Gupta R. Evaluating cervical mucous inflammatory status as novel predictor for spontaneous onset of labour at term: A prospective observational study. Med J Armed Forces India 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mjafi.2022.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Complement and other immune-related factors in cervicovaginal fluid associated with intra-amniotic infection/inflammation and spontaneous preterm delivery in women with preterm labor. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2020; 301:1431-1439. [PMID: 32367380 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-020-05560-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate whether complement and other immune-related proteins in cervicovaginal fluid (CVF) can predict intra-amniotic infection and/or inflammation (IAI) and spontaneous preterm delivery (SPTD, < 34.0 weeks) in women with preterm labor (PTL) and to compare the predictive abilities of these biomarkers with that of amniotic fluid (AF) white blood cells (WBCs). METHODS We designed a retrospective cohort study of 145 women with PTL at 23.0-33.6 weeks who underwent amniocentesis. AF was cultured and assayed for WBC count and interleukin-6 (IL-6). CVF samples were obtained at the time of amniocentesis. CVF was assayed for complement C3a and C5a, IGFBP-1, and MMP-9 by ELISA. RESULTS In the multivariate analysis, elevated CVF levels of C5a and IGFBP-1 were significantly associated with IAI and SPTD at < 34 weeks, while those of C3a were associated with IAI, but not SPTD, even after adjusting for other baseline confounders. For C3a, C5a, and IGFBP-1 in the CVF, area under the curve (AUC) values were statistically similar to that of AF WBCs for detecting IAI, whereas these CVF biomarkers had similar or higher AUC values than AF WBCs for predicting SPTD at < 34 weeks. However, univariate analysis showed no significant correlation between high CVF MMP-9 and IAI or SPTD at < 34 weeks. CONCLUSIONS In women with PTL, the CVF levels of C3a, C5a, and IGFBP-1 may be useful as novel non-invasive predictors of IAI and SPTD at < 34 weeks. These biomarkers (especially IGFBP-1) have similar or better diagnostic performance compared to AF WBCs.
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Cervicovaginal Fluid Protein Microarray for Detection of Microbial Invasion of the Amniotic Cavity in Preterm Labor. Reprod Sci 2020; 27:713-721. [PMID: 32046420 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-019-00077-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to identify cervicovaginal fluid (CVF) biomarkers that can detect microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity (MIAC) in women with preterm labor (PTL) with an antibody microarray and to develop the best combined model for detection of MIAC using these biomarkers in combination with conventional clinical variables. This retrospective cohort study included 168 singleton pregnant women with PTL (23-34 weeks) who underwent amniocentesis. AF was cultured, and CVF samples were obtained at the time of amniocentesis. An antibody microarray was used to analyze the CVF proteome (n = 40). The validation of four candidate biomarkers of interest was performed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in the final cohort (n = 168). For comparison with candidate markers, CVF IL-6 concentration was also measured. Twenty-seven molecules studied exhibited intergroup differences. Validation by ELISA confirmed significantly higher levels of CVF DKK3, M-CSF, and TIMP-1, but not of IGFBP-2, independent of gestational age, in CVF of women with MIAC. The area under the curve (AUC) of DKK3, M-CSF, and TIMP-1 from CVF was not significantly different from the AUC of IL-6 from CVF for detecting MIAC in women with PTL. By using a stepwise regression analysis, a combined detection model was developed, which included the CVF M-CSF, TIMP-1, and gestational age at sampling (AUC = 0.823). An antibody microarray identified useful biomarkers (DKK3, M-CSF, and TIMP-1) in CVF for detection of MIAC, and a combined model including these biomarkers and gestational age can accurately detect MIAC in women with PTL.
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Csősz É, Kalló G, Márkus B, Deák E, Csutak A, Tőzsér J. Quantitative body fluid proteomics in medicine - A focus on minimal invasiveness. J Proteomics 2016; 153:30-43. [PMID: 27542507 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2016.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Revised: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Identification of new biomarkers specific for various pathological conditions is an important field in medical sciences. Body fluids have emerging potential in biomarker studies especially those which are continuously available and can be collected by non-invasive means. Changes in the protein composition of body fluids such as tears, saliva, sweat, etc. may provide information on both local and systemic conditions of medical relevance. In this review, our aim is to discuss the quantitative proteomics techniques used in biomarker studies, and to present advances in quantitative body fluid proteomics of non-invasively collectable body fluids with relevance to biomarker identification. The advantages and limitations of the widely used quantitative proteomics techniques are also presented. Based on the reviewed literature, we suggest an ideal pipeline for body fluid analyses aiming at biomarkers discoveries: starting from identification of biomarker candidates by shotgun quantitative proteomics or protein arrays, through verification of potential biomarkers by targeted mass spectrometry, to the antibody-based validation of biomarkers. The importance of body fluids as a rich source of biomarkers is discussed. SIGNIFICANCE Quantitative proteomics is a challenging part of proteomics applications. The body fluids collected by non-invasive means have high relevance in medicine; they are good sources for biomarkers used in establishing the diagnosis, follow up of disease progression and predicting high risk groups. The review presents the most widely used quantitative proteomics techniques in body fluid analysis and lists the potential biomarkers identified in tears, saliva, sweat, nasal mucus and urine for local and systemic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Éva Csősz
- Proteomics Core Facility, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem ter 1, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Gergő Kalló
- Proteomics Core Facility, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem ter 1, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Bernadett Márkus
- Proteomics Core Facility, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem ter 1, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Eszter Deák
- Proteomics Core Facility, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem ter 1, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem ter 1, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Adrienne Csutak
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem ter 1, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - József Tőzsér
- Proteomics Core Facility, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem ter 1, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary.
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Predicting Preterm Labour: Current Status and Future Prospects. DISEASE MARKERS 2015; 2015:435014. [PMID: 26160993 PMCID: PMC4486247 DOI: 10.1155/2015/435014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2015] [Accepted: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Preterm labour and birth are a major cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality. Despite modern advances in obstetric and neonatal management, the rate of preterm birth in the developed world is increasing. Yet even though numerous risk factors associated with preterm birth have been identified, the ability to accurately predict when labour will occur remains elusive, whether it is at a term or preterm gestation. In the latter case, this is likely due to the multifactorial aetiology of preterm labour wherein women may display different clinical presentations that lead to preterm birth. The discovery of novel biomarkers that could reliably identify women who will subsequently deliver preterm may allow for timely medical intervention and targeted therapeutic treatments aimed at improving maternal and fetal outcomes. Various body fluids including amniotic fluid, urine, saliva, blood (serum/plasma), and cervicovaginal fluid all provide a rich protein source of putative biochemical markers that may be causative or reflective of the various pathophysiological disorders of pregnancy, including preterm labour. This short review will highlight recent advances in the field of biomarker discovery and the utility of single and multiple biomarkers for the prediction of preterm birth in the absence of intra-amniotic infection.
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Heng YJ, Liong S, Permezel M, Rice GE, Di Quinzio MKW, Georgiou HM. Human cervicovaginal fluid biomarkers to predict term and preterm labor. Front Physiol 2015; 6:151. [PMID: 26029118 PMCID: PMC4429550 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2015.00151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Preterm birth (PTB; birth before 37 completed weeks of gestation) remains the major cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. The current generation of biomarkers predictive of PTB have limited utility. In pregnancy, the human cervicovaginal fluid (CVF) proteome is a reflection of the local biochemical milieu and is influenced by the physical changes occurring in the vagina, cervix and adjacent overlying fetal membranes. Term and preterm labor (PTL) share common pathways of cervical ripening, myometrial activation and fetal membranes rupture leading to birth. We therefore hypothesize that CVF biomarkers predictive of labor may be similar in both the term and preterm labor setting. In this review, we summarize some of the existing published literature as well as our team's breadth of work utilizing the CVF for the discovery and validation of putative CVF biomarkers predictive of human labor. Our team established an efficient method for collecting serial CVF samples for optimal 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis resolution and analysis. We first embarked on CVF biomarker discovery for the prediction of spontaneous onset of term labor using 2D-electrophoresis and solution array multiple analyte profiling. 2D-electrophoretic analyses were subsequently performed on CVF samples associated with PTB. Several proteins have been successfully validated and demonstrate that these biomarkers are associated with term and PTL and may be predictive of both term and PTL. In addition, the measurement of these putative biomarkers was found to be robust to the influences of vaginal microflora and/or semen. The future development of a multiple biomarker bed-side test would help improve the prediction of PTB and the clinical management of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujing J Heng
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stella Liong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne Melbourne, VIC, Australia ; Mercy Perinatal Research Centre, Mercy Hospital for Women Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
| | - Michael Permezel
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne Melbourne, VIC, Australia ; Mercy Perinatal Research Centre, Mercy Hospital for Women Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
| | - Gregory E Rice
- University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - Megan K W Di Quinzio
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne Melbourne, VIC, Australia ; Mercy Perinatal Research Centre, Mercy Hospital for Women Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
| | - Harry M Georgiou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne Melbourne, VIC, Australia ; Mercy Perinatal Research Centre, Mercy Hospital for Women Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
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Phillips RJ, Heesom KJ, Trinder J, Bernal AL. Human maternal plasma proteomic changes with parturition. EUPA OPEN PROTEOMICS 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.euprot.2014.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Liong S, Di Quinzio MKW, Fleming G, Permezel M, Rice GE, Georgiou HM. New biomarkers for the prediction of spontaneous preterm labour in symptomatic pregnant women: a comparison with fetal fibronectin. BJOG 2014; 122:370-9. [DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.12993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S Liong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology; University of Melbourne; Parkville Vic. Australia
- Mercy Perinatal Research Centre; Mercy Hospital for Women; Heidelberg Vic. Australia
| | - MKW Di Quinzio
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology; University of Melbourne; Parkville Vic. Australia
- Mercy Perinatal Research Centre; Mercy Hospital for Women; Heidelberg Vic. Australia
| | - G Fleming
- Mercy Perinatal Research Centre; Mercy Hospital for Women; Heidelberg Vic. Australia
| | - M Permezel
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology; University of Melbourne; Parkville Vic. Australia
- Mercy Perinatal Research Centre; Mercy Hospital for Women; Heidelberg Vic. Australia
| | - GE Rice
- Centre for Clinical Research; Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital; University of Queensland; Herston Qld Australia
| | - HM Georgiou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology; University of Melbourne; Parkville Vic. Australia
- Mercy Perinatal Research Centre; Mercy Hospital for Women; Heidelberg Vic. Australia
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Boylan KL, Afiuni-Zadeh S, Geller MA, Hickey K, Griffin TJ, Pambuccian SE, Skubitz AP. A feasibility study to identify proteins in the residual Pap test fluid of women with normal cytology by mass spectrometry-based proteomics. Clin Proteomics 2014; 11:30. [PMID: 25097468 PMCID: PMC4106909 DOI: 10.1186/1559-0275-11-30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2013] [Accepted: 05/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The proteomic analysis of body fluids is a growing technology for the identification of protein biomarkers of disease. Given that Papanicolaou tests (Pap tests) are routinely performed on over 30 million women annually in the U.S. to screen for cervical cancer, we examined the residual Pap test fluid as a source of protein for analysis by mass spectrometry (MS). In the liquid-based Pap test, cervical cells are collected from the ectocervix and placed into an alcohol-based fixative prior to staining and pathologic examination. We hypothesized that proteins shed by cells of the female genital tract can be detected in the Pap test fixative by MS-based proteomic techniques. We examined the feasibility of using residual fluid from discarded Pap tests with cytologically "normal" results to optimize sample preparation for MS analysis. The protein composition of the cell-free Pap test fluid was determined by silver staining of sodium dodecyl sulfate -polyacrylamide gels, and the abundance of serum proteins was examined by Western immunoblot using an antibody against human serum albumin. Both pooled and individual samples were trypsin digested and analyzed by two-dimensional MS/MS. Proteins were identified by searching against the Human Uniprot database, and characterized for localization, function and relative abundance. RESULTS The average volume of the residual Pap test fluid was 1.5 ml and the average protein concentration was 0.14 mg/ml. By Western immunoblot we showed that the amount of albumin in each sample was significantly reduced compared to normal serum. By MS/MS, we identified 714 unique proteins in pooled Pap test samples and an average of 431 proteins in individual samples. About 40% of the proteins identified were extracellular or localized to the plasma membrane. Almost 20% of the proteins identified were involved in immunity and defense, characteristic of the healthy cervical-vaginal proteome. By merging the protein sets from the individual and pooled Pap test samples, we created a "Normal Pap test Core Proteome" consisting of 153 proteins. CONCLUSIONS Residual Pap test fluid contains a sufficient amount of protein for analysis by MS and represents a valuable biospecimen source for the identification of protein biomarkers for gynecological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Lm Boylan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, MMC 395, 420 Delaware St. S.E., Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Somaieh Afiuni-Zadeh
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, MMC 395, 420 Delaware St. S.E., Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Melissa A Geller
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Women's Health, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Kayla Hickey
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, MMC 395, 420 Delaware St. S.E., Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Timothy J Griffin
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | | | - Amy Pn Skubitz
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, MMC 395, 420 Delaware St. S.E., Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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van Os M, van der Ven J, Kazemier B, Haak M, Pajkrt E, Mol BW, de Groot C. Individualizing the risk for preterm birth: an overview of the literature. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1586/17474108.2013.825481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Heng YJ, Liong S, Permezel M, Rice GE, Quinzio MKWD, Georgiou HM. The interplay of the interleukin 1 system in pregnancy and labor. Reprod Sci 2014; 21:122-30. [PMID: 23749763 PMCID: PMC3857767 DOI: 10.1177/1933719113492204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
This work assessed the temporal coexpression of interleukin 1 (IL-1) and its inhibitor, IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra), in the cervicovaginal fluid (CVF) beyond 24 weeks gestation including women in spontaneous term labor. Two cohorts of women were recruited at 24 to 35 weeks' gestation (n = 65) and in late pregnancy (>36 weeks' gestation; n = 88). The CVF was serially collected either every 4 weeks between 24 and 35 weeks' gestation (n = 123 samples) or weekly during late pregnancy (n = 240 samples). The IL-1 and IL-1ra were quantitated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and the effect of vaginal microflora and unprotected sexual intercourse were also investigated. The IL-1β and IL-1ra remain unaltered between 24 and 35 weeks' gestation. At late pregnancy, IL-1α and β concentrations peak at 4 to 14 days prior to labor onset, while IL-1ra decreases with approaching spontaneous term labor (P < .05, 2-way analysis of variance). The IL-1 and IL-1ra were significantly correlated (P < .001, Pearson r). A combined biomarker model of IL-1α, IL-1β, and IL-1ra can predict term labor with 86% sensitivity and 92% specificity. This study indicates a shifting inflammatory balance in the gestational tissues prior to labor onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujing Jan Heng
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Mercy Perinatal Research Centre, Mercy Hospital for Women, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
- Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stella Liong
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Mercy Perinatal Research Centre, Mercy Hospital for Women, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael Permezel
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Mercy Perinatal Research Centre, Mercy Hospital for Women, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
| | - Gregory E. Rice
- University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Megan K. W. Di Quinzio
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Mercy Perinatal Research Centre, Mercy Hospital for Women, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
| | - Harry M. Georgiou
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Mercy Perinatal Research Centre, Mercy Hospital for Women, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
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Liong S, Di Quinzio MKW, Fleming G, Permezel M, Rice GE, Georgiou HM. Prediction of spontaneous preterm labour in at-risk pregnant women. Reproduction 2013; 146:335-45. [PMID: 23858477 DOI: 10.1530/rep-13-0175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The ability to recognise women who are at-risk of preterm labour (PTL) is often difficult. Over 50% of women who are identified with factors associated with an increased risk of preterm birth will ultimately deliver at term. The cervicovaginal fluid (CVF) comprises a range of proteins secreted by gestational tissues, making it an ideal candidate for the screening of differentially expressed proteins associated with PTL. CVF samples were collected from at-risk asymptomatic women. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis techniques were used to examine the CVF proteome of women who spontaneously delivered preterm 11-22 days later compared with gestation-matched women who delivered at term. Five candidate biomarkers were selected for further validation in a larger independent cohort of asymptomatic women. Thioredoxin (TXN) and interleukin 1 receptor antagonist (IL1RN) concentrations in the CVF were found to be significantly reduced up to 90 days prior to spontaneous PTL compared with women who subsequently delivered at term. TXN was able to predict spontaneous PTL within 28 days after sampling with a high positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of 75.0% and 96.4% respectively. IL1RN also showed comparable PPV and NPV of 72.7% and 95.7% respectively. The discovery of these differentially expressed proteins may assist in the development of a new predictive bedside test in identifying asymptomatic women who have an increased risk of spontaneous PTL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stella Liong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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Liong S, Di Quinzio MKW, Heng YJ, Fleming G, Permezel M, Rice GE, Georgiou HM. Proteomic analysis of human cervicovaginal fluid collected before preterm premature rupture of the fetal membranes. Reproduction 2013. [DOI: 10.1530/rep-12-0264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A significant obstetric complication facing contemporary materno–fetal medicine is preterm premature rupture of the fetal membranes (preterm PROM), which occurs in 30% of all preterm births. The objective of this study was to identify differentially expressed proteins in the cervicovaginal fluid of asymptomatic women before the clinical manifestation of preterm PROM. The preterm PROM group comprised of women with samples collected 6–23 days before PROM, who subsequently delivered preterm (n=5). Women who spontaneously delivered at term served as gestation-matched controls (n=10). Two-dimensional difference in-gel electrophoresis was used to distinguish differential expression between the pooled groups and fold changes were subsequently confirmed by two-dimensional PAGE of individual samples. Spots of interest were identified by mass spectrometry. Proteins that were significantly reduced with impending preterm PROM included the following: thioredoxin (2.7-fold), interleukin 1 receptor antagonist (1.7-fold), fatty acid-binding protein 5 (2.1-fold), cystatin A (dimer; 1.9-fold), monocyte/neutrophil elastase inhibitor (1.6-fold), squamous cell carcinoma antigen-1 (2.1-fold) and γ-glutamyl cyclotransferase (3.0-fold). By contrast, annexin A3 (3.7-fold) and vitamin D binding protein (3.9-fold) were significantly increased with impending preterm PROM. Western blot analysis was also performed on an independent cohort of preterm PROM and control samples to validate these candidate biomarkers. These proteins have known biological functions in oxidative balance, anti-inflammatory activity, metabolism or protease inhibition that may facilitate membrane rupture.
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Chae JI, Kim J, Lee SG, Koh MW, Jeon YJ, Kim DW, Ko SM, Seo KS, Lee HK, Choi NJ, Cho SK, Ryu J, Kang S, Lee DS, Chung HM, Koo DB. Quantitative proteomic analysis of pregnancy-related proteins from peripheral blood mononuclear cells during pregnancy in pigs. Anim Reprod Sci 2012; 134:164-76. [PMID: 22917877 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2012.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2011] [Revised: 05/17/2012] [Accepted: 07/13/2012] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Information obtained from peripheral blood could help us understand the underlying mechanisms in autoimmune diseases, cancer, pregnancy, and other conditions. In this paper, we present the protein map of porcine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) to better understand the molecular expression changes that occur during pregnancy using proteomic analysis. We detected 94 differentially expressed proteins in pregnant vs. non-pregnant (NP) pigs, and a representative set of the proteins was subjected to LC-MS/MS analysis. Furthermore, the identified proteins were categorized according to their biological process and molecular function. By classifying the proteins according to their functions, a large number of differentially regulated proteins involved in anti-oxidant, detoxification and stress response pathways were found, including peroxiredoxin (PRX) 1, 2, and 6, glutathione-S-transferase (GST), annexin A2, and A6, and heat shock protein 27 (HSP 27) during pregnancy (pregnancy d of E40, embryonic day 40; E70, embryonic day 70; and E93, embryonic day 93) compared with non-pregnancy. In this study, a proteomic approach utilizing 2-DE and LC-MS/MS was applied to evaluate specific molecular expression changes during pregnancy compared with non-pregnancy. Together, these data offer new information about the proteome map and factors that are differentially regulated during maintenance of normal pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Il Chae
- Department of Oral Pharmacology, School of Dentistry and Institute of Dental Bioscience, BK21 Project, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
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Fatakdawala H, Uhland SA. Hydrogen peroxide mediated transvaginal drug delivery. Int J Pharm 2011; 409:121-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2011.02.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2010] [Revised: 01/25/2011] [Accepted: 02/21/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Heng YJ, Di Quinzio MKW, Permezel M, Rice GE, Georgiou HM. Cystatin A protease inhibitor and cysteine proteases in human cervicovaginal fluid in term pregnancy and labor. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2011; 204:254.e1-7. [PMID: 21167469 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2010.10.912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2010] [Revised: 09/19/2010] [Accepted: 10/11/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to investigate the temporal changes in immunoreactive cystatin A and the enzymatic activity of cathepsins B, H, L, and S in human cervicovaginal fluid (CVF) in late pregnancy and spontaneous labor. STUDY DESIGN CVF was collected weekly (n = 95 women) from 36 weeks gestation until spontaneous term labor. Cystatin A was quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The enzyme activity of cathepsins B, H, L, and S was measured with fluorometric enzyme assay kits. RESULTS Cystatin A significantly decreased towards (P = .016, 2-way analysis of variance) and during labor (P < .001, 2-way analysis of variance). Enzymatic activity of cathepsins B, H, and S did not change with labor onset (P = .452, P = .703, P = .411, respectively, 2-way analysis of variance). CONCLUSION In late gestation, CVF-decreased expression of the cysteine protease inhibitor, cystatin A, is associated with labor. Although the role and contribution of cystatin A to increased extracellular matrix remodeling has yet to be elucidated, the data that were obtained are consistent with this hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujing J Heng
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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Cho CKJ, Diamandis EP. Application of proteomics to prenatal screening and diagnosis for aneuploidies. Clin Chem Lab Med 2011; 49:33-41. [DOI: 10.1515/cclm.2011.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Zegels G, Van Raemdonck GA, Tjalma WA, Van Ostade XW. Use of cervicovaginal fluid for the identification of biomarkers for pathologies of the female genital tract. Proteome Sci 2010; 8:63. [PMID: 21143851 PMCID: PMC3016264 DOI: 10.1186/1477-5956-8-63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2010] [Accepted: 12/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cervicovaginal fluid has an important function in the homeostasis and immunity of the lower female genital tract. Analysis of the cervicovaginal fluid proteome may therefore yield important information about the pathogenesis of numerous gynecological pathologies. Additionally, cervicovaginal fluid has great potential as a source of biomarkers for these conditions. This review provides a detailed discussion about the human cervicovaginal proteome and the proteomics studies performed to characterize this biological fluid. Furthermore, infection-correlated pathological conditions of the female genital tract are discussed for which cervicovaginal fluid has been used in order to identify potential biomarkers. Recent years, numerous studies have analyzed cervicovaginal fluid samples utilizing antibody-based technologies, such as ELISA or Western blotting, to identify biomarkers for preterm birth, premature preterm rupture of membranes, bacterial vaginosis and cervical cancer. The present article will discuss the importance of proteomic technologies as alternative techniques to gain additional meaningful information about these conditions. In addition, the review focuses on recent proteomic studies on cervicovaginal fluid samples for the identification of potential biomarkers. We conclude that the use of proteomic technology for analysis of human cervicovaginal fluid samples is promising and may lead to the discovery of new biomarkers which can improve disease prevention and therapy development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geert Zegels
- Laboratory of Proteinscience, Proteomics and Epigenetic Signaling, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium.
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Heng YJ, Di Quinzio MKW, Permezel M, Rice GE, Georgiou HM. Temporal expression of antioxidants in human cervicovaginal fluid associated with spontaneous labor. Antioxid Redox Signal 2010; 13:951-7. [PMID: 20446766 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2010.3122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Proteomic analysis of human cervicovaginal fluid (CVF) by 2D electrophoresis revealed significant differential expression of several major antioxidant enzymes during late pregnancy and term labor. Temporal quantitative changes of total antioxidant capacity (TAC), Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase (Cu,Zn SOD) and thioredoxin-1 (Trx-1) with impending term labor were investigated, and the potential of these biomarkers as individual and multiple predictors of labor was determined. The TAC of CVF (n = 193) was 8-fold significantly lower in labor, and approximately 2-fold significantly lower at 0-7, 8-14, 15-21, and 22-28 days, compared with >or=29 days prior to labor onset (p < 0.001). The expression of Cu,Zn SOD (n = 170) was 1.5- to 1.9-fold significantly decreased in labor (p < 0.001). Trx-1 (n = 163) was 2.8- to 5.1-fold significantly lower in labor (p = 0.002). The combination of TAC and Cu,Zn SOD produced the best predictive efficacy with 74% sensitivity and 95% specificity to predict term labor within 3 days of onset. These findings suggest that labor is associated with increased oxidative stress well before its onset and is reflected in the human CVF. The biomarkers identified in this study could serve as predictors of labor and offer potential strategies for novel therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujing Jan Heng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Australia
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Dellios NL, Lappas M, Young IR, Palliser HK, Hirst JJ, Oliva K, Ayhan M, Rice GE. Increased expression of alpha-enolase in cervico-vaginal fluid during labour. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2010; 153:16-22. [PMID: 20650559 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2010.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2010] [Revised: 05/13/2010] [Accepted: 06/24/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was (i) to characterise differentially expressed proteins in cervico-vaginal fluid (CVF) at the time of preterm labour onset and (ii) to confirm these studies in human CVF samples taken from women before and during spontaneous labour. STUDY DESIGN Preterm labour was induced in sheep (n = 5) via fetal dexamethasone infusion (1 mg/24 h). CVF samples were taken prior to dexamethasone infusion (0 h), 28 h after the start of dexamethasone infusion, and immediately prior to delivery. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) and mass spectrometry (MS) were used to identify differentially expressed proteins. For the human studies, paired CVF samples were taken 5-9 days before labour and during spontaneous labour onset (n = 7). RESULTS There was a 4.2-fold increase in α-enolase protein expression in sheep CVF during labour. Likewise, α-enolase protein expression was significantly increased during spontaneous human labour at term. CONCLUSIONS Alpha-enolase is known to be bound to neutrophils and interact in the immune response, and thus may play a role in inflammation associated with human labour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole L Dellios
- Translational Proteomics, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
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Kamel RM. The onset of human parturition. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2010; 281:975-82. [DOI: 10.1007/s00404-010-1365-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2009] [Accepted: 01/07/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Heng YJ, Di Quinzio MKW, Permezel M, Ayhan M, Rice GE, Georgiou HM. Temporal Proteomic Analysis of Human Cervicovaginal Fluid with Impending Term Labor. J Proteome Res 2010; 9:1344-50. [DOI: 10.1021/pr900892f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yujing J. Heng
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia, Mercy Perinatal Research Centre, Mercy Hospital for Women, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia, Proteomics Laboratory, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, and Translational Proteomics, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Megan K. W. Di Quinzio
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia, Mercy Perinatal Research Centre, Mercy Hospital for Women, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia, Proteomics Laboratory, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, and Translational Proteomics, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael Permezel
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia, Mercy Perinatal Research Centre, Mercy Hospital for Women, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia, Proteomics Laboratory, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, and Translational Proteomics, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mustafa Ayhan
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia, Mercy Perinatal Research Centre, Mercy Hospital for Women, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia, Proteomics Laboratory, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, and Translational Proteomics, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Gregory E. Rice
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia, Mercy Perinatal Research Centre, Mercy Hospital for Women, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia, Proteomics Laboratory, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, and Translational Proteomics, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Harry M. Georgiou
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia, Mercy Perinatal Research Centre, Mercy Hospital for Women, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia, Proteomics Laboratory, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, and Translational Proteomics, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Heng YJ, Di Quinzio MKW, Permezel M, Rice GE, Georgiou HM. Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist in human cervicovaginal fluid in term pregnancy and labor. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2008; 199:656.e1-7. [PMID: 18640661 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2008.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2008] [Revised: 03/28/2008] [Accepted: 06/03/2008] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of the study was to investigate temporal changes in interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) in human cervicovaginal fluid (CVF) in term pregnancy and labor. STUDY DESIGN CVF was collected weekly from 155 multiparous women from 36 weeks' gestation until labor. High vaginal swabs were collected for microbiology assessment. RESULTS IL-1ra was decreased in spontaneous term labor, compared with 15-21 and 22-28 days from labor, and was significantly lower at 0-7 days, compared with 15-21 days before labor (P < .05, 2-way ANOVA). After subdividing the women, IL-1ra concentrations were 6-fold lower in women who had prelabor rupture of membranes at term than women who had spontaneous labor with intact membranes at 8-14 and 15-21 days before labor (P < .05, Student t test). IL-1ra concentrations were not affected by the microbial status of the vagina. CONCLUSIONS The changes in IL-1ra concentrations observed in the CVF may be linked to the remodeling of fetal membranes leading to rupture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujing J Heng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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