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Guan Y, Li F, Li N, Yang P. Decoding Behcet's Uveitis: an In-depth review of pathogenesis and therapeutic advances. J Neuroinflammation 2024; 21:133. [PMID: 38778397 PMCID: PMC11112928 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-024-03123-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Behcet's disease (BD) is a rare but globally distributed vasculitis that primarily affects populations in the Mediterranean and Asian regions. Behcet's uveitis (BU) is a common manifestation of BD, occurring in over two-thirds of the patients. BU is characterized by bilateral, chronic, recurrent, non-granulomatous uveitis in association with complications such as retinal ischemia and atrophy, optic atrophy, macular ischemia, macular edema, and further neovascular complications (vitreous hemorrhage, neovascular glaucoma). Although the etiology and pathogenesis of BU remain unclear, numerous studies reveal that genetic factors (such as HLA-B51), dysregulated immune responses of both the innate and adaptive immune systems, infections (such as streptococcus), and environmental factors (such as GDP) are all involved in its development. Innate immunity, including hyperactivity of neutrophils and γδT cells and elevated NK1/NK2 ratios, has been shown to play an essential role in this disease. Adaptive immune system disturbance, including homeostatic perturbations, Th1, Th17 overaction, and Treg cell dysfunction, is thought to be involved in BU pathogenesis. Treatment of BU requires a tailored approach based on the location, severity of inflammation, and systemic manifestations. The therapy aims to achieve rapid inflammation suppression, preservation of vision, and prevention of recurrence. Systemic corticosteroids combined with other immunosuppressive agents have been widely used to treat BU, and beneficial effects are observed in most patients. Recently, biologics have been shown to be effective in treating refractory BU cases. Novel therapeutic targets for treating BU include the LCK gene, Th17/Treg balance, JAK pathway inhibition, and cytokines such as IL-17 and RORγt. This article summarizes the recent studies on BU, especially in terms of pathogenesis, diagnostic criteria and classification, auxiliary examination, and treatment options. A better understanding of the significance of microbiome composition, genetic basis, and persistent immune mechanisms, as well as advancements in identifying new biomarkers and implementing objective quantitative detection of BU, may greatly contribute to improving the adequate management of BU patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Guan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Henan International Joint Research Laboratory for Ocular Immunology and Retinal Injury Repair, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Province Eye Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450052, People's Republic of China
- The Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, People's Republic of China
| | - Fuzhen Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Henan International Joint Research Laboratory for Ocular Immunology and Retinal Injury Repair, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Province Eye Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450052, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Henan International Joint Research Laboratory for Ocular Immunology and Retinal Injury Repair, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Province Eye Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450052, People's Republic of China
| | - Peizeng Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Henan International Joint Research Laboratory for Ocular Immunology and Retinal Injury Repair, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Province Eye Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450052, People's Republic of China.
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Cheng L, Wang D, Wang Z, Li H, Wang G, Wu Z, Xu M, Yan S, Zhan H, Wang H, Zhang X, Liang T, Wei C, Zhang F, Zheng W, Yu X, Li Y. Proteomics Landscape Mapping of Organ-Resolved Behçet's Disease Using In-Depth Plasma Proteomics for Identifying Hyaluronic Binding Protein 2 Expression Associated With Vascular Involvement. Arthritis Rheumatol 2023; 75:424-437. [PMID: 36122191 DOI: 10.1002/art.42348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was undertaken to elucidate the pathogenesis and heterogeneity of Behçet's disease (BD) involving different organs using in-depth proteomics to identify the biomarkers for clinical assessment and treatment of patients with BD. METHODS We measured the expression levels of proteins in plasma samples from 98 patients with BD and from 31 healthy controls using our in-depth proteomics platform with a data-independent acquisition mass spectrometer and antibody microarray. We performed bioinformatics analyses of the biologic processes and signaling pathways that were changed in the BD group and constructed a proteomics landscape of organ-resolved BD pathogenesis. We then validated the biomarkers of disease severity and the vascular subset in an independent cohort of 108 BD patients and 29 healthy controls using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS The BD group had 220 differentially expressed proteins, which discriminated between BD patients (88.6%) and healthy controls (95.5%). The bioinformatics analyses revealed different biologic processes associated with BD pathogeneses, including complement activation, wound healing, angiogenesis, and leukocyte-mediated immunity. Furthermore, the constructed proteomics landscape of organ-resolved BD identified proteomics features of BD associated with different organs and protein targets that could be used for the development of therapeutic treatment. Hyaluronic binding protein 2, tenascin, and serpin A3 were validated as potential biomarkers for the clinical assessment of vascular BD and treatment targets. CONCLUSION Our results provide valuable insight into the pathogenesis of organ-resolved BD in terms of proteomics characteristics and potential biomarkers for clinical assessment and potential therapies for vascular BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Cheng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Dongxue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Science-Beijing (PHOENIX Center), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
| | - Zhimian Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Ministry of Science & Technology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, and Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Haolong Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Guibin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Science-Beijing (PHOENIX Center), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
| | - Ziyan Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Meng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Science-Beijing (PHOENIX Center), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
| | - Songxin Yan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Haoting Zhan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hongye Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Science-Beijing (PHOENIX Center), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaomei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Science-Beijing (PHOENIX Center), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
| | - Te Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Science-Beijing (PHOENIX Center), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
| | - Chundi Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Science-Beijing (PHOENIX Center), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
| | - Fengchun Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Ministry of Science & Technology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, and Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjie Zheng
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Ministry of Science & Technology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, and Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaobo Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Science-Beijing (PHOENIX Center), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
| | - Yongzhe Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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3
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Allegra A, Cicero N, Mirabile G, Giorgianni CM, Gangemi S. Novel Biomarkers for Diagnosis and Monitoring of Immune Thrombocytopenia. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054438. [PMID: 36901864 PMCID: PMC10003036 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Lower-than-normal platelet counts are a hallmark of the acquired autoimmune illness known as immune thrombocytopenia, which can affect both adults and children. Immune thrombocytopenia patients' care has evolved significantly in recent years, but the disease's diagnosis has not, and it is still only clinically achievable with the elimination of other causes of thrombocytopenia. The lack of a valid biomarker or gold-standard diagnostic test, despite ongoing efforts to find one, adds to the high rate of disease misdiagnosis. However, in recent years, several studies have helped to elucidate a number of features of the disease's etiology, highlighting how the platelet loss is not only caused by an increase in peripheral platelet destruction but also involves a number of humoral and cellular immune system effectors. This made it possible to identify the role of immune-activating substances such cytokines and chemokines, complement, non-coding genetic material, the microbiome, and gene mutations. Furthermore, platelet and megakaryocyte immaturity indices have been emphasized as new disease markers, and prognostic signs and responses to particular types of therapy have been suggested. Our review's goal was to compile information from the literature on novel immune thrombocytopenia biomarkers, markers that will help us improve the management of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Allegra
- Division of Hematology, Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood “Gaetano Barresi”, University of Messina, 98100 Messina, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Nicola Cicero
- Department of Biomedical, Dental, Morphological and Functional Imaging Sciences (BIOMORF), University of Messina, 98100 Messina, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Mirabile
- Division of Hematology, Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood “Gaetano Barresi”, University of Messina, 98100 Messina, Italy
| | - Concetto Mario Giorgianni
- Department of Biomedical, Dental, Morphological and Functional Imaging Sciences (BIOMORF), University of Messina, 98100 Messina, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Gangemi
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98100 Messina, Italy
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Qin W, Qin X, Li L, Gao Y. Proteome Analysis of Urinary Biomarkers in a Bovine IRBP-Induced Uveitis Rat Model via Data-Independent Acquisition and Parallel Reaction Monitoring Proteomics. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:831632. [PMID: 35274006 PMCID: PMC8901606 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.831632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Uveitis, a group of intraocular inflammatory diseases, is one of the major causes of severe visual impairment among the working-age population. This study aimed to screen potential urinary biomarkers for uveitis based on proteome analysis. An experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU) rat model induced by bovine interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein (IRBP) was used to mimic uveitis. In discovery phase, a total of 704 urinary proteins were identified via data-independent acquisition (DIA) proteomic technique, of which 76 were significantly changed (34, 36, and 37 on days 5, 8, and 12, respectively, after bovine IRBP immunization). Gene Ontology annotation of the differential proteins indicates that acute-phase response, innate immune response, neutrophil aggregation, and chronic inflammatory response were significantly enriched. Protein-protein interaction network indicates that these differential urinary proteins were biologically connected in EAU, as a group. In validation phase, 17 proteins having human orthologs were verified as the potential markers associated with uveitis by parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) targeted quantitative analysis. Twelve differential proteins changed even when there were no clinical manifestations or histopathological ocular damage. These 12 proteins are potential biomarkers for early diagnosis of uveitis to prevent the development of visual impairment. Five differential proteins changed at three time-points and showed progressive changes as the uveitis progressed, and another five differential proteins changed only on day 12 when EAU severity peaked. These 10 proteins may serve as potential biomarkers for prognostic evaluation of uveitis. Our findings revealed that the urinary proteome could sensitively reflect dynamic pathophysiological changes in EAU, and represent the first step towards the application of urinary protein biomarkers for uveitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Qin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Gene Engineering Drug and Biotechnology Beijing Key Laboratory, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuyan Qin
- Department of Dermatology, Qingdao Hiser Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Lujun Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Gene Engineering Drug and Biotechnology Beijing Key Laboratory, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Youhe Gao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Gene Engineering Drug and Biotechnology Beijing Key Laboratory, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Youhe Gao,
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5
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Dai ML, Fan S, Li Z, Yu X, Lin D, Huang XF, Wang Y. Correlation of serum amyloid A levels, clinical manifestations, treatment, and disease activity in patients with acute anterior uveitis. Eye (Lond) 2019; 34:1672-1678. [PMID: 31844164 PMCID: PMC7608421 DOI: 10.1038/s41433-019-0740-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 10/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To investigate the association between serum amyloid A (SAA) protein and the clinical features of acute anterior uveitis (AAU), and to evaluate the disease activity and treatment effect in relation to SAA levels. Methods AAU patients and healthy individuals were recruited from October 2016 to August 2017 at the Department of Uveitis, in the Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University. Related demographic, clinical characteristics, and therapeutic data were analyzed. Results One hundred and eight AAU patients and 18 healthy controls were included in this study. Serum SAA levels in AAU patients were significantly higher than those of healthy controls (p all < 0.0001). Significantly higher SAA levels were found in AS+AAU patients than those in AS−AAU patients (p < 0.05). SAA levels were also significantly higher in patients with HLA-B27+AAU compared with those with HLA-B27−AAU (p < 0.05). Furthermore, in each of the AAU subgroups, higher SAA levels were observed in the active state than those in the inactive state (p all < 0.05). In addition, SAA levels were positively correlated to anterior chamber cell counts (r = 0.492, p < 0.0001). ROC curve analysis revealed that SAA had an AUC value of 0.727 for detecting active inflammation (Youden’s index = 0.38). SAA decreased with effective treatments (p = 0.0002). Conclusion Serum levels of SAA were elevated in AAU patients. The increased levels of SAA were correlated with AS and HLA-B27 status. SAA levels were also positively correlated to disease activity and decreased with effective treatments. These findings suggest that SAA is associated with AAU, with a potential role in monitoring inflammatory processes and assessing the efficacy of therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ma-Li Dai
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.,State Key Laboratory of Optometry, Ophthalmology, and Vision Science, Affiliated Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shipei Fan
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.,State Key Laboratory of Optometry, Ophthalmology, and Vision Science, Affiliated Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhuoran Li
- New England College of Optometry, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xuewen Yu
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.,State Key Laboratory of Optometry, Ophthalmology, and Vision Science, Affiliated Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dan Lin
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.,State Key Laboratory of Optometry, Ophthalmology, and Vision Science, Affiliated Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiu-Feng Huang
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Optometry, Ophthalmology, and Vision Science, Affiliated Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China. .,Translational Genomics Group, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology at Translational Research Institute, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia.
| | - Yuqin Wang
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Optometry, Ophthalmology, and Vision Science, Affiliated Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Peripheral blood mononuclear cell proteome profile in Behçet's syndrome. Rheumatol Int 2019; 40:65-74. [PMID: 31414226 DOI: 10.1007/s00296-019-04417-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Behçet's syndrome (BS) is a systemic inflammatory disorder with unknown etiology. Investigation of proteome profiles of disease specific cells facilitates our understanding of the processes and related molecular pathways, especially in disorders like BS with complex inheritance pattern and clinical heterogeneity. In the current study, we evaluated the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) proteome of 59 patients with BS (33 in active and 26 in inactive phases) and of 28 healthy controls using two-dimensional fluorescence difference gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE). Differentially expressed protein spots with at least twofold and/or statistically significant change (p ≤ 0.05) between active BS vs inactive BS, and also active BS vs healthy controls were identified by mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/TOF). Bioinformatic analyses revealed 16 differentially expressed proteins (12 of them in active vs inactive BS comparison, whereas 11 of them for active BS vs healthy control comparison) belonging to glycolysis, cytoskeleton organization, protein folding, and regulation of blood coagulation pathways. Stathmin (active BS vs inactive BS; fourfold, active BS vs healthy control; 4.7-fold) and WD repeat-containing protein-1 (active BS vs inactive BS; 2.7-fold, active BS vs healthy control; 2.7-fold), which are cytoskeleton-related proteins, were found to be lower in active patients compared to inactive patients and healthy control. Decreased levels of calreticulin (active BS vs inactive BS; 1.29-fold) and heat shock 70 kDa protein 8 (active BS vs healthy control; 1.5-fold) which are involved in protein folding and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress process, were observed in patients with active phase of BS. Down-regulation of protein folding and ER stress process proteins in BS patients may further support the involvement of ER stress in BS.
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Lee HJ, Kim JH, Kim SW, Joo HA, Lee HW, Kim YS, Park SJ, Hong SP, Kim TI, Kim WH, Kim YH, Cheon JH. Proteomic Analysis of Serum Amyloid A as a Potential Marker in Intestinal Behçet's Disease. Dig Dis Sci 2017; 62:1953-1962. [PMID: 28523576 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-017-4606-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Data regarding biomarkers to understand disease pathogenesis and to assess disease activity of intestinal Behçet's disease (BD) are limited. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the differentially expressed proteins in sera from patients with intestinal BD and to search for biomarkers using mass spectrometry-based proteomic analysis. METHODS Serum samples were pooled for the screening study, and two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) was performed to characterize the proteins present in intestinal BD patients. Candidate protein spots were identified using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization tandem time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/TOF MS) and bioinformatic analysis. To validate the proteomic results, serum samples from an independent cohort were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS Pooled serum samples were used for 2-DE, and approximately 400 protein spots were detected in the sera of intestinal BD patients. Of the 22 differentially expressed proteins, 3 were successfully identified using MALDI-TOF/TOF MS. The three up-regulated proteins identified in the intestinal BD group included fibrin, apolipoprotein A-IV, and serum amyloid A (SAA). Serum SAA in intestinal BD patients (2.76 ± 2.50 ng/ml) was significantly higher than that in controls (1.68 ± 0.90 ng/ml, p = 0.007), which is consistent with the proteomic results. In addition, the level of IL-1β in patients with intestinal BD (8.96 ± 1.23 pg/ml) was higher than that in controls (5.40 ± 0.15 pg/ml, p = 0.009). SAA released by HT-29 cells was markedly increased by tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and lipopolysaccharides stimulation. CONCLUSIONS Our proteomic analysis revealed that SAA was up-regulated in intestinal BD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Jung Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Jae Hyun Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Korea.,Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Won Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Korea.,Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Ah Joo
- Department of Biochemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye Won Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - You Sun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soo Jung Park
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Sung Pil Hong
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Tae Il Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Won Ho Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Young-Ho Kim
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Centre, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 135-710, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jae Hee Cheon
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Korea. .,Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. .,Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Yang JK, Wang YY, Liu C, Shi TT, Lu J, Cao X, Yang FY, Feng JP, Chen C, Ji LN, Xu A. Urine Proteome Specific for Eye Damage Can Predict Kidney Damage in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Case-Control and a 5.3-Year Prospective Cohort Study. Diabetes Care 2017; 40:253-260. [PMID: 27903615 DOI: 10.2337/dc16-1529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The predictive value of microalbuminuria (MAU) for kidney damage is limited in type 2 diabetes (T2D). We studied whether a urine proteome specific for sight-threatening proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) is an indicator to predict chronic renal insufficiency (CRI) in patients with T2D. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A shotgun urine proteomic analysis was performed in patients with MAU and PDR (case subjects) and in patients with MAU and a duration of T2D for >10 years but without any degree of retinopathy (control subjects). In the cohort study, 210 patients with T2D with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ≥80 mL/min/1.73 m2 were followed for a median of 5.3 years. Urine proteins specific for PDR were used for predicting CRI (eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m2). RESULTS The top two urine proteins with the highest difference in ratio of case subjects to control subjects were haptoglobin (8.7 times; P < 0.0001) and α-2-macroglobulin (5.7 times; P < 0.0001). In the cohort study, patients with baseline urinary haptoglobin ≥20 ng/min (haptoglobinuria) had a higher incidence of CRI than those without (hazard ratio [95% CI] 3.27 [1.41-7.58]; P = 0.006). The overall CRI rate was 3.2% for patients without haptoglobinuria or MAU, 9.5% for those with MAU, and 13.3% for those with haptoglobinuria. The highest rate for CRI (22.4%) was in patients with both MAU and haptoglobinuria (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Urine haptoglobin, which is specific for PDR, is a novel biomarker and complement to urine albumin for predicting kidney damage in patients with T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Kui Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research and Care, Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ying-Ying Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research and Care, Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research and Care, Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ting-Ting Shi
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research and Care, Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Lu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research and Care, Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xi Cao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research and Care, Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Fang-Yuan Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research and Care, Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jian-Ping Feng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research and Care, Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Chen
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Li-Nong Ji
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Department, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Aimin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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Son MY, Kim YD, Seol B, Lee MO, Na HJ, Yoo B, Chang JS, Cho YS. Biomarker Discovery by Modeling Behçet's Disease with Patient-Specific Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells. Stem Cells Dev 2017; 26:133-145. [DOI: 10.1089/scd.2016.0181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Young Son
- Stem Cell Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Dae Kim
- Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Immunotherapy Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Binna Seol
- Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Immunotherapy Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Ok Lee
- Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Immunotherapy Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Jun Na
- Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Immunotherapy Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Bin Yoo
- Department of Rheumatology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Suk Chang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yee Sook Cho
- Department of Functional Genomics, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Immunotherapy Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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10
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Hu CJ, Pan JB, Song G, Wen XT, Wu ZY, Chen S, Mo WX, Zhang FC, Qian J, Zhu H, Li YZ. Identification of Novel Biomarkers for Behcet Disease Diagnosis Using Human Proteome Microarray Approach. Mol Cell Proteomics 2016; 16:147-156. [PMID: 27777341 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m116.061002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Revised: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Behcet disease (BD) is a chronic systemic vasculitis and considered as an autoimmune disease. Although rare, BD can be fatal due to ruptured vascular aneurysms or severe neurological complications. To date, no known biomarker has been reported for this disease, making it difficult to diagnosis in the clinics. To undertake this challenge, we employed the HuProt arrays, each comprised of ∼20,000 unique human proteins, to identify BD-specific autoantibodies using a Two-Phase strategy established previously. In Phase I, we profiled the autoimmunity on the HuProt arrays with 75 serum samples collected from 40 BD patients, 15 diagnosed autoimmune patients who suffer from Takayasu arteritis (TA; n = 5)), ANCA associated vasculitis (AAV; n = 5), and Sjogren's syndrome (SS; n = 5), and 20 healthy subjects, and identified 20 candidate autoantigens that were significantly associated with BD. To validate these candidates, in Phase II we constructed a focused array with these 20 candidate BD-associated antigens, and use it to profile a much larger cohort, comprised of serum samples collected from 130 BD patients, 103 autoimmune patients (i.e. 40TA, 40 AAV and 23 SS), and 110 healthy controls. This allowed us to validate CTDP1 (RNA polymerase II subunit A C-terminal domain phosphatase)as a BD-specific autoantigen. The association of anti-CTDP1 with BD patients was further validated using the traditional Western blotting analysis. In conclusion, anti-CTDP1 antibody serves a novel autoantibody for Behcet disease and is expected to help more accurate clinical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Jun Hu
- From the ‡Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China100730
| | - Jian-Bo Pan
- §Department of Ophthalmology, Wilmer Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
| | - Guang Song
- ¶Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
| | - Xiao-Ting Wen
- From the ‡Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China100730
| | - Zi-Yan Wu
- From the ‡Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China100730
| | - Si Chen
- From the ‡Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China100730
| | - Wen-Xiu Mo
- From the ‡Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China100730
| | - Feng-Chun Zhang
- From the ‡Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China100730
| | - Jiang Qian
- §Department of Ophthalmology, Wilmer Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
| | - Heng Zhu
- ¶Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
| | - Yong-Zhe Li
- From the ‡Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China100730;
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11
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Zheng CX, Ji ZQ, Zhang LJ, Wen Q, Chen LH, Yu JF, Zheng D. Proteomics-based identification of haptoglobin as a favourable serum biomarker for predicting long-term response to splenectomy in patients with primary immune thrombocytopenia. J Transl Med 2012; 10:208. [PMID: 23039040 PMCID: PMC3506455 DOI: 10.1186/1479-5876-10-208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2012] [Accepted: 10/02/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Splenectomy is the most effective treatment for patients with primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) who fail to respond to steroid therapy. Thus far, there is no effective means to predict the long-term haematological response of the procedure. The purpose of this study was to identify serum biomarkers as predictors of long-term response based on a proteomics approach. METHODS The serum samples of ITP patients were collected before splenectomy and seven days after surgery. After depletion of the abundant serum proteins, pooled preoperative serum samples from four responders to splenectomy, four nonresponders and four healthy controls were subjected to two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE). Nine protein spots with at least a five-fold alteration in expression between responders and nonresponders were all identified as haptoglobin (Hp) by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometer (MS) analysis. The validation of serum Hp expression was performed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) in thirty-seven responders, thirteen nonresponders and twenty-one healthy controls. RESULTS The preoperative serum levels of Hp in the nonresponders (925.9 ± 293.5 μg/ml) were significantly lower than those in the responders (1417.4 ± 315.0 μg/ml, p <0.001) and the healthy controls (1409.1 ± 354.2 μg/ml, p <0.001), while there was no significant difference between the latter two groups. The postoperative serum levels of Hp in responders and nonresponders were (1414.1 ± 225.0 μg/ml) and (952.9 ± 202.4 μg/ml), respectively. There were no significant differences between the serum Hp levels before and after surgery in both responders and nonresponders (p>0.05). The preoperative serum levels of Hp did not significantly correlate with preoperative platelet count of the same blood samples (r = 0.244, p = 0.087), while it positively correlated with postoperative peak platelet count (r = 0.622, p < 0.001). The optimal cutoff value of preoperative serum Hp levels (1173.80 μg/ml) derived from the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve led to 78.4% sensitivity and 84.6% specificity. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that serum Hp levels may serve as a favourable predictor for the long-term response to splenectomy in ITP and may help to understand the pathophysiological differences between responders and nonresponders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Xu Zheng
- Department of Haematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
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12
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Wang X, Zhang MF, Xie J, Li ZL, Wang P. Behcet's Disease with Active Uveitis: Detection of Serum Protein Biomarkers Using MALDI-TOF-MS. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2012; 295:1168-73. [DOI: 10.1002/ar.22502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2012] [Revised: 04/12/2012] [Accepted: 04/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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13
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Zhu P, Bowden P, Zhang D, Marshall JG. Mass spectrometry of peptides and proteins from human blood. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2011; 30:685-732. [PMID: 24737629 DOI: 10.1002/mas.20291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2008] [Revised: 12/09/2009] [Accepted: 01/19/2010] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
It is difficult to convey the accelerating rate and growing importance of mass spectrometry applications to human blood proteins and peptides. Mass spectrometry can rapidly detect and identify the ionizable peptides from the proteins in a simple mixture and reveal many of their post-translational modifications. However, blood is a complex mixture that may contain many proteins first expressed in cells and tissues. The complete analysis of blood proteins is a daunting task that will rely on a wide range of disciplines from physics, chemistry, biochemistry, genetics, electromagnetic instrumentation, mathematics and computation. Therefore the comprehensive discovery and analysis of blood proteins will rank among the great technical challenges and require the cumulative sum of many of mankind's scientific achievements together. A variety of methods have been used to fractionate, analyze and identify proteins from blood, each yielding a small piece of the whole and throwing the great size of the task into sharp relief. The approaches attempted to date clearly indicate that enumerating the proteins and peptides of blood can be accomplished. There is no doubt that the mass spectrometry of blood will be crucial to the discovery and analysis of proteins, enzyme activities, and post-translational processes that underlay the mechanisms of disease. At present both discovery and quantification of proteins from blood are commonly reaching sensitivities of ∼1 ng/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peihong Zhu
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5B 2K3
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14
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Liu Z, Cao J, He Y, Qiao L, Xu C, Lu H, Yang P. Tandem 18O stable isotope labeling for quantification of N-glycoproteome. J Proteome Res 2010; 9:227-36. [PMID: 19921957 DOI: 10.1021/pr900528j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
A new strategy using tandem (18)O stable isotope labeling (TOSIL) to quantify the N-glycosylation site occupancy is reported. Three heavy oxygen atoms are introduced into N-glycosylated peptides: two (18)O atoms are incorporated into the carboxyl terminal of all peptides during a tryptic digestion, and the third (18)O atom is incorporated into the N-glycosylation site of asparagines-linked sugar chains specifically via a N-glycosidase F (PNGase F)-mediated hydrolysis. Comparing samples treated in H(2)(18)O and samples treated in H(2)(16)O, a unique mass shift of 6 Da can be shown for N-glycosylated peptide with single glycosylation site, which could be easily distinguished from those nonglycosite peptide pairs with a mass difference of 4 Da only. The relative quantities of N-glycosylated and its parent protein-levels were obtained simultaneous by measuring the intensity ratios of (18)O/(16)O for glycosylated (6 Da) and for nonglycosylated (4 Da) peptides, respectively. Thus, a comparison of these two ratios can be utilized to evaluate the changes of occupancy of N-glycosylation at specific sites between healthy and diseased individuals. The TOSIL approach yielded good linearity in quantitative response within 10-fold dynamic range with the correlation coefficient r(2) > 0.99. The standard deviation (SD) ranged from 0.06 to 0.21, for four glycopeptides from two model glycoproteins. Furthermore, serums from a patient with ovarian cancer and healthy individual were used as test examples to validate the novel TOSIL method. A total of 86 N-glycosylation sites were quantified and N-glycosylation levels of 56 glycopeptides showed significant changes. Most changes in N-glycosylation at specific sites have the same trends as those of protein expression levels; however, the occupancies of three N-glycosylation sites were significantly changed with no change in proteins levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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15
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Proteomic analysis of HBV-associated HCC: insights on mechanisms of disease onset and biomarker discovery. J Proteomics 2010; 73:1283-90. [PMID: 20188222 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2010.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2010] [Revised: 02/10/2010] [Accepted: 02/17/2010] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) can be considered as an end-stage outcome of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Early prognostic markers are needed to allow effective treatments and prevent HCC from developing. Proteomics analysis has been used to identify markers from clinical samples from HCC patients. This approach can be further improved by identifying early biomarkers before the onset of HCC. One way would be to use the cell-based HBV replication system, which is reflective of the early stage of virus infection and thus secreted proteins identified at this stage may have relevance in HCC prognosis. In this review, we focus the discussion on the current status of proteomics analysis of cellular proteins and HCC biomarker identification, with a special highlight on the potential of the cell-based HBV replication system for the identification of prognostic HCC biomarkers.
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16
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Diagnostic and prognostic biomarker discovery strategies for autoimmune disorders. J Proteomics 2009; 73:1045-60. [PMID: 19995622 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2009.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2009] [Revised: 11/25/2009] [Accepted: 11/30/2009] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Current clinical, laboratory or radiological parameters cannot accurately diagnose or predict disease outcomes in a range of autoimmune disorders. Biomarkers which can diagnose at an earlier time point, predict outcome or help guide therapeutic strategies in autoimmune diseases could improve clinical management of this broad group of debilitating disorders. Additionally, there is a growing need for a deeper understanding of multi-factorial autoimmune disorders. Proteomic platforms offering a multiplex approach are more likely to reflect the complexity of autoimmune disease processes. Findings from proteomic based studies of three distinct autoimmune diseases are presented and strategies compared. It is the authors' view that such approaches are likely to be fruitful in the movement of autoimmune disease treatment away from reactive decisions and towards a preventative stand point.
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Hueber W, Robinson WH. Genomics and proteomics: Applications in autoimmune diseases. PHARMACOGENOMICS & PERSONALIZED MEDICINE 2009; 2:39-48. [PMID: 23226033 PMCID: PMC3513200 DOI: 10.2147/pgpm.s4708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2009] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Tremendous progress has been made over the past decade in the development and refinement of genomic and proteomic technologies for the identification of novel drug targets and molecular signatures associated with clinically important disease states, disease subsets, or differential responses to therapies. The rapid progress in high-throughput technologies has been preceded and paralleled by the elucidation of cytokine networks, followed by the stepwise clinical development of pathway-specific biological therapies that revolutionized the treatment of autoimmune diseases. Together, these advances provide opportunities for a long-anticipated personalized medicine approach to the treatment of autoimmune disease. The ever-increasing numbers of novel, innovative therapies will need to be harnessed wisely to achieve optimal long-term outcomes in as many patients as possible while complying with the demands of health authorities and health care providers for evidence-based, economically sound prescription of these expensive drugs. Genomic and proteomic profiling of patients with autoimmune diseases holds great promise in two major clinical areas: (1) rapid identification of new targets for the development of innovative therapies and (2) identification of patients who will experience optimal benefit and minimal risk from a specific (targeted) therapy. In this review, we attempt to capture important recent developments in the application of genomic and proteomic technologies to translational research by discussing informative examples covering a diversity of autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Hueber
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA; ; Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; ; Novartis Institutes of Biomedical Research, Novartis, Basle, Switzerland
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