1
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Marglous S, Brown CE, Padler-Karavani V, Cummings RD, Gildersleeve JC. Serum antibody screening using glycan arrays. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:2603-2642. [PMID: 38305761 PMCID: PMC7616341 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00693j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Humans and other animals produce a diverse collection of antibodies, many of which bind to carbohydrate chains, referred to as glycans. These anti-glycan antibodies are a critical part of our immune systems' defenses. Whether induced by vaccination or natural exposure to a pathogen, anti-glycan antibodies can provide protection against infections and cancers. Alternatively, when an immune response goes awry, antibodies that recognize self-glycans can mediate autoimmune diseases. In any case, serum anti-glycan antibodies provide a rich source of information about a patient's overall health, vaccination history, and disease status. Glycan microarrays provide a high-throughput platform to rapidly interrogate serum anti-glycan antibodies and identify new biomarkers for a variety of conditions. In addition, glycan microarrays enable detailed analysis of the immune system's response to vaccines and other treatments. Herein we review applications of glycan microarray technology for serum anti-glycan antibody profiling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Marglous
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA.
| | - Claire E Brown
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA.
| | - Vered Padler-Karavani
- Department of Cell Research and Immunology, Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel.
| | - Richard D Cummings
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| | - Jeffrey C Gildersleeve
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA.
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2
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Mende M, Tsouka A, Heidepriem J, Paris G, Mattes DS, Eickelmann S, Bordoni V, Wawrzinek R, Fuchsberger FF, Seeberger PH, Rademacher C, Delbianco M, Mallagaray A, Loeffler FF. On-Chip Neo-Glycopeptide Synthesis for Multivalent Glycan Presentation. Chemistry 2020; 26:9954-9963. [PMID: 32315099 PMCID: PMC7496964 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202001291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Single glycan-protein interactions are often weak, such that glycan binding partners commonly utilize multiple, spatially defined binding sites to enhance binding avidity and specificity. Current array technologies usually neglect defined multivalent display. Laser-based array synthesis technology allows for flexible and rapid on-surface synthesis of different peptides. By combining this technique with click chemistry, neo-glycopeptides were produced directly on a functionalized glass slide in the microarray format. Density and spatial distribution of carbohydrates can be tuned, resulting in well-defined glycan structures for multivalent display. The two lectins concanavalin A and langerin were probed with different glycans on multivalent scaffolds, revealing strong spacing-, density-, and ligand-dependent binding. In addition, we could also measure the surface dissociation constant. This approach allows for a rapid generation, screening, and optimization of a multitude of multivalent scaffolds for glycan binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Mende
- Department of Biomolecular SystemsMax Planck Institute of Colloids and InterfacesAm Muehlenberg 114476PotsdamGermany
| | - Alexandra Tsouka
- Department of Biomolecular SystemsMax Planck Institute of Colloids and InterfacesAm Muehlenberg 114476PotsdamGermany
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryFreie Universität BerlinArnimalle 2214195BerlinGermany
| | - Jasmin Heidepriem
- Department of Biomolecular SystemsMax Planck Institute of Colloids and InterfacesAm Muehlenberg 114476PotsdamGermany
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryFreie Universität BerlinArnimalle 2214195BerlinGermany
| | - Grigori Paris
- Department of Biomolecular SystemsMax Planck Institute of Colloids and InterfacesAm Muehlenberg 114476PotsdamGermany
| | - Daniela S. Mattes
- Institute of Microstructure TechnologyKarlsruhe Institute of TechnologyHermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 176344Eggenstein-LeopoldshafenGermany
| | - Stephan Eickelmann
- Department of Biomolecular SystemsMax Planck Institute of Colloids and InterfacesAm Muehlenberg 114476PotsdamGermany
| | - Vittorio Bordoni
- Department of Biomolecular SystemsMax Planck Institute of Colloids and InterfacesAm Muehlenberg 114476PotsdamGermany
| | - Robert Wawrzinek
- Department of Biomolecular SystemsMax Planck Institute of Colloids and InterfacesAm Muehlenberg 114476PotsdamGermany
| | - Felix F. Fuchsberger
- Department of Biomolecular SystemsMax Planck Institute of Colloids and InterfacesAm Muehlenberg 114476PotsdamGermany
| | - Peter H. Seeberger
- Department of Biomolecular SystemsMax Planck Institute of Colloids and InterfacesAm Muehlenberg 114476PotsdamGermany
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryFreie Universität BerlinArnimalle 2214195BerlinGermany
| | - Christoph Rademacher
- Department of Biomolecular SystemsMax Planck Institute of Colloids and InterfacesAm Muehlenberg 114476PotsdamGermany
| | - Martina Delbianco
- Department of Biomolecular SystemsMax Planck Institute of Colloids and InterfacesAm Muehlenberg 114476PotsdamGermany
| | - Alvaro Mallagaray
- Institut für Chemie und MetabolomicsUniversität zu LübeckRatzeburger Allee 16023562LübeckGermany
| | - Felix F. Loeffler
- Department of Biomolecular SystemsMax Planck Institute of Colloids and InterfacesAm Muehlenberg 114476PotsdamGermany
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3
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Mende M, Bordoni V, Tsouka A, Loeffler FF, Delbianco M, Seeberger PH. Multivalent glycan arrays. Faraday Discuss 2020; 219:9-32. [PMID: 31298252 DOI: 10.1039/c9fd00080a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Glycan microarrays have become a powerful technology to study biological processes, such as cell-cell interaction, inflammation, and infections. Yet, several challenges, especially in multivalent display, remain. In this introductory lecture we discuss the state-of-the-art glycan microarray technology, with emphasis on novel approaches to access collections of pure glycans and their immobilization on surfaces. Future directions to mimic the natural glycan presentation on an array format, as well as in situ generation of combinatorial glycan collections, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Mende
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany.
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4
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Hu J, Xiao Y, Shao SA, Gu R, Shi QM, Liu ZH, Yin J. Construction and application of carbohydrate microarrays to detect foodborne bacteria. Chin J Nat Med 2020; 18:219-225. [PMID: 32245592 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(20)30024-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The rapid detection of pathogenic bacteria is vital for the prevention of outbreaks of infectious diseases, including infections by the common foodborne bacteria E.coli and Salmonella Carbohydrate microarrays have been developed as a powerful method to investigate carbohydrate-protein interaction with only very small amounts of glycans, which show great potential for detect the carbohydrate mediated interaction with pathogens. Here, different mannose-coated microarrays were constructed and tested with E.coli (K-12 and BL-21) and Salmonella enterica strains (ATCC9184 and ATCC31685) exhibiting different mannose binding affinities. The optimized carbohydrate microarray was then applied to test the binding of 12 Salmonella enterica and 9 E.coli isolates from local patients for the first time and showed strong binding with certain serovars or subtypes. The results showed that microarray probed with the single mannose structure is not enough for the detection of bacteria with various serovars or subtypes, which contain a high degree of allelic variation in adhesin. We suggest that a complex carbohydrate microarray containing different glycan conformation may be needed for detection of different bacteria isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Hu
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214000, China
| | - Yong Xiao
- Microbiology Laboratory, Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Shu-An Shao
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214000, China
| | - Rui Gu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Qi-Min Shi
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Zhong-Hua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Jian Yin
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
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5
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Martinez JER, Thomas B, Flitsch SL. Glycan Array Technology. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 175:435-456. [PMID: 31907566 DOI: 10.1007/10_2019_112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Glycan (or carbohydrate) arrays have become an essential tool in glycomics, providing fast and high-throughput data on protein-carbohydrate interactions with small amounts of carbohydrate ligands. The general concepts of glycan arrays have been adopted from other microarray technologies such as those used for nucleic acid and proteins. However, carbohydrates have presented their own challenges, in particular in terms of access to glycan probes, linker attachment chemistries and analysis, which will be reviewed in this chapter. As more and more glycan probes have become available through chemical and enzymatic synthesis and robust linker chemistries have been developed, the applications of glycan arrays have dramatically increased over the past 10 years, which will be illustrated with recent examples.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Baptiste Thomas
- School of Chemistry and MIB, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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6
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Temme JS, Campbell CT, Gildersleeve JC. Factors contributing to variability of glycan microarray binding profiles. Faraday Discuss 2019; 219:90-111. [PMID: 31338503 PMCID: PMC9335900 DOI: 10.1039/c9fd00021f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Protein-carbohydrate interactions play significant roles in a wide variety of biological systems. Glycan microarrays are commonly utilized to interrogate the selectivity, sensitivity, and breadth of these complex protein-carbohydrate interactions. During the past two decades, numerous distinct glycan microarray platforms have been developed, each assembled from a variety of slide-surface chemistries, glycan-attachment chemistries, glycan presentations, linkers, and glycan densities. Comparative analyses of glycan microarray data have shown that while many protein-carbohydrate interactions behave predictably across microarrays, there are instances when various array formats produce different results. For optimal construction and use of this technology, it is important to understand sources of variances across array platforms. In this study, we performed a systematic comparison of microarray data from 8 lectins across a range of concentrations on the CFG and neoglycoprotein array platforms. While there was good general agreement on the binding specificity of the lectins on the two arrays, there were some cases of large discrepancies. Differences in glycan density and linker composition contributed significantly to variability. The results provide insights for interpreting microarray data and designing future glycan microarrays.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Sebastian Temme
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA.
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7
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Tian R, Zhang H, Chen H, Liu G, Wang Z. Uncovering the Binding Specificities of Lectins with Cells for Precision Colorectal Cancer Diagnosis Based on Multimodal Imaging. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2018; 5:1800214. [PMID: 29938190 PMCID: PMC6010763 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201800214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
There is a high desire for novel targets/biomarkers to diagnose and treat colorectal cancer (CRC). Here, an approach starting from a polyacrylamide hydrogel-based lectin microarray is presented to screen the high expression of glycans on the CRC cell surface and to identify new lectin biomarkers for CRC. Three common CRC cell lines (SW480, SW620, and HCT116) and one normal colon cell line (NCM460) are profiled on the microarray with 27 lectins. The experimental results reveal that CRC cells highly express the glycans with d-galactose, d-glucose, and/or sialic acid residues, and Uelx Europaeus Agglutinin-I (UEA-I) exhibits reasonable specificity with SW480 cells. After conjugation of UEA-I with silica-coated NaGdF4:Yb3+, Er3+@NaGdF4 upconversion nanoparticles, the follow-up in vitro and in vivo experiments provide further evidence on that UEA-I can serve as tumor-targeting molecule to diagnose SW480 tumor by multimodal imaging including upconversion luminescence imaging, T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging, and X-ray computed tomography imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongrong Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical ChemistryChangchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun130022P. R. China
- School of Applied Chemistry and EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaRoad Baohe DistrictHefeiAnhui230026P. R. China
| | - Hua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical ChemistryChangchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun130022P. R. China
| | - Hongda Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical ChemistryChangchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun130022P. R. China
| | - Guifeng Liu
- Department of RadiologyChina–Japan Union Hospital of Jilin UniversityNo. 126, Xiantai StreetChangchun130033P. R. China
| | - Zhenxin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical ChemistryChangchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun130022P. R. China
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8
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Lu Y, Song S, Hou C, Pang S, Li X, Wu X, Shao C, Pei Y, Pei Z. Facile fabrication of branched-chain carbohydrate chips for studying carbohydrate-protein interactions by QCM biosensor. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2017.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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9
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Lin TH, Lin CH, Liu YJ, Huang CY, Lin YC, Wang SK. Controlling Ligand Spacing on Surface: Polyproline-Based Fluorous Microarray as a Tool in Spatial Specificity Analysis and Inhibitor Development for Carbohydrate-Protein Interactions. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:41691-41699. [PMID: 29148699 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b13200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Multivalent carbohydrate-protein interactions are essential for many biological processes. Convenient characterization for multivalent binding property of proteins will aid the development of molecules to manipulate these processes. We exploited the polyproline helix II (PPII) structure as molecular scaffolds to adjust the distances between glycan ligand attachment sites at 9, 18, and 27 Å on a peptide scaffold. Optimized fluorous groups were also introduced to the peptide scaffold for immobilization to the microarray surface through fluorous interaction to control the orientation of the helical scaffolds. Using lectin LecA and antibody 2G12 as model proteins, the binding preference to the 27 Å glycopeptide scaffold, matched the distance of 26 Å between its two galactose binding sites on LecA and 31 Å spacing between oligomannose binding sites on 2G12, respectively. We further demonstrate this microarray system can aid the development of inhibitors by transforming the selected surface-bound scaffold into multivalent ligands in solution. This strategy can be extended to analyze proteins that lacking structural information to speed up the design of potent and selective multivalent ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tse-Hsueh Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Cin-Hao Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Ying-Jie Liu
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Chun Yi Huang
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Yen-Cheng Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Sheng-Kai Wang
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu, Taiwan R.O.C
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10
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Pifferi C, Daskhan GC, Fiore M, Shiao TC, Roy R, Renaudet O. Aminooxylated Carbohydrates: Synthesis and Applications. Chem Rev 2017; 117:9839-9873. [PMID: 28682060 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Among other classes of biomolecules, carbohydrates and glycoconjugates are widely involved in numerous biological functions. In addition to addressing the related synthetic challenges, glycochemists have invested intense efforts in providing access to structures that can be used to study, activate, or inhibit these biological processes. Over the past few decades, aminooxylated carbohydrates have been found to be key building blocks for achieving these goals. This review provides the first in-depth overview covering several aspects related to the syntheses and applications of aminooxylated carbohydrates. After a brief introduction to oxime bonds and their relative stabilities compared to related C═N functions, synthetic aspects of oxime ligation and methodologies for introducing the aminooxy functionality onto both glycofuranosyls and glycopyranosyls are described. The subsequent section focuses on biological applications involving aminooxylated carbohydrates as components for the construcion of diverse architectures. Mimetics of natural structures represent useful tools for better understanding the features that drive carbohydrate-receptor interaction, their biological output and they also represent interesting structures with improved stability and tunable properties. In the next section, multivalent structures such as glycoclusters and glycodendrimers obtained through oxime ligation are described in terms of synthetic design and their biological applications such as immunomodulators. The second-to-last section discusses miscellaneous applications of oxime-based glycoconjugates, such as enantioselective catalysis and glycosylated oligonucleotides, and conclusions and perspectives are provided in the last section.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Pifferi
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, DCM UMR 5250 , F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Gour Chand Daskhan
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, DCM UMR 5250 , F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Michele Fiore
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, DCM UMR 5250 , F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Tze Chieh Shiao
- Pharmaqam, Department of Chemistry, Université du Québec à Montreal , P.O. Box 8888, Succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - René Roy
- Pharmaqam, Department of Chemistry, Université du Québec à Montreal , P.O. Box 8888, Succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - Olivier Renaudet
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, DCM UMR 5250 , F-38000 Grenoble, France.,Institut Universitaire de France , 103 Boulevard Saint-Michel, 75005 Paris, France
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11
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Yang H, Cheng Q. Chemoselective ligation reaction of N-acetylglucosamine (NAG) with hydrazide functional probes to determine galactosyltransferase activity by MALDI mass spectrometry. Analyst 2017; 142:2654-2662. [DOI: 10.1039/c7an00428a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
A perfluorocarbon-modified gold surface is used to immobilize PF-β-NAG and allows quantification of β-GT enzymatic activity with MALDI-TOF/MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyojik Yang
- Department of Chemistry
- University of California
- Riverside
- USA
| | - Quan Cheng
- Department of Chemistry
- University of California
- Riverside
- USA
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12
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Hoang A, Laigre E, Goyard D, Defrancq E, Vinet F, Dumy P, Renaudet O. An oxime-based glycocluster microarray. Org Biomol Chem 2017; 15:5135-5139. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ob00889a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Carbohydrate microarrays represent powerful tools to study and detect carbohydrate-binding proteins, pathogens or cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eugénie Laigre
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes
- CNRS
- DCM UMR 5250
- F-38000 Grenoble
- France
| | - David Goyard
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes
- CNRS
- DCM UMR 5250
- F-38000 Grenoble
- France
| | - Eric Defrancq
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes
- CNRS
- DCM UMR 5250
- F-38000 Grenoble
- France
| | | | - Pascal Dumy
- Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier
- 34000 Montpellier
- France
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13
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Multi-dimensional glycan microarrays with glyco-macroligands. Glycoconj J 2015; 32:483-95. [DOI: 10.1007/s10719-015-9580-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2015] [Revised: 03/06/2015] [Accepted: 03/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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14
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Huang ML, Cohen M, Fisher CJ, Schooley RT, Gagneux P, Godula K. Determination of receptor specificities for whole influenza viruses using multivalent glycan arrays. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:5326-9. [PMID: 25574528 PMCID: PMC4359031 DOI: 10.1039/c4cc08613a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Influenza viruses bind to mucosal glycans to gain entry into a host organism and initiate infection. The target glycans are often displayed in multivalent arrangements on proteins; however, how glycan presentation influences viral specificity is poorly understood. Here, we report a microarray platform approximating native glycan display to facilitate such studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mia L Huang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, San Diego, CA 92093-0358, USA.
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15
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Carbohydrate Microarrays. POLYSACCHARIDES 2015. [PMCID: PMC7123348 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-16298-0_35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbohydrates, like nucleic acids and proteins, are essential biological molecules. Owing to their intrinsic physicochemical properties, carbohydrates are capable of generating structural diversity in a multitude of ways and are prominently displayed on the surfaces of cell membranes or on the exposed regions of macromolecules. Recent studies highlight that carbohydrate moieties are critical for molecular recognition, cell-cell interactions, and cell signaling in many physiological and pathological processes, and for biocommunication between microbes and host species. Modern carbohydrate microarrays emerged in 2002 and brought in new high-throughput tools for “glyco code” exploration. In this section, some basic concepts of sugar chain diversity, glyco-epitope recognition, and the evolving area of glyco-epitomics and biomarker discovery are discussed. Two complementary technologies, carbohydrate antigen arrays and photogenerated glyco-chips, serve as models to illustrate how to apply carbohydrate microarrays to address biomedical questions.
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16
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Wang D. Glyco-epitope Diversity: An Evolving Area of Glycomics Research and Biomarker Discovery. JOURNAL OF PROTEOMICS & BIOINFORMATICS 2014; 7:23539. [PMID: 25378871 PMCID: PMC4219575 DOI: 10.4172/jpb.10000e24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Denong Wang
- Tumor Glycomics Laboratory, SRI International Biosciences Division, 333 Ravenswood Avenue, Menlo Park, CA, USA
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17
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Wang D, Tang J, Wolfinger RD, Carroll GT. Carbohydrate Microarrays. POLYSACCHARIDES 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-03751-6_35-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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18
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Yu Y, Song X, Smith DF, Cummings RD. Applications of Glycan Microarrays to Functional Glycomics. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-62651-6.00012-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
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19
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Donczo B, Kerekgyarto J, Szurmai Z, Guttman A. Glycan microarrays: new angles and new strategies. Analyst 2014; 139:2650-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c3an02289g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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20
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Abstract
In the last decade, carbohydrate microarrays have been core technologies for analyzing carbohydrate-mediated recognition events in a high-throughput fashion. A number of methods have been exploited for immobilizing glycans on the solid surface in a microarray format. This microarray-based technology has been widely employed for rapid analysis of the glycan binding properties of lectins and antibodies, the quantitative measurements of glycan-protein interactions, detection of cells and pathogens, identification of disease-related anti-glycan antibodies for diagnosis, and fast assessment of substrate specificities of glycosyltransferases. This review covers the construction of carbohydrate microarrays, detection methods of carbohydrate microarrays and their applications in biological and biomedical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungjin Park
- National Creative Research Initiative Center for Biofunctional Molecules, Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea
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21
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Modern Carbohydrate Microarray Biochip Technologies. CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2040(11)60584-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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22
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Fasting C, Schalley CA, Weber M, Seitz O, Hecht S, Koksch B, Dernedde J, Graf C, Knapp EW, Haag R. Multivalenz als chemisches Organisations- und Wirkprinzip. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201201114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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23
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Fasting C, Schalley CA, Weber M, Seitz O, Hecht S, Koksch B, Dernedde J, Graf C, Knapp EW, Haag R. Multivalency as a Chemical Organization and Action Principle. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:10472-98. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201201114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 688] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2012] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Warenda M, Richter A, Schmidt D, Janke A, Müller M, Simon F, Zimmermann R, Eichhorn KJ, Voit B, Appelhans D. Fabricating pH-Stable and Swellable Very Thin Hyperbranched Poly(ethylene imine)-Oligosaccharide Films Fabricated Without Precoating: First View on Protein Adsorption. Macromol Rapid Commun 2012; 33:1466-73. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201200255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2012] [Revised: 05/22/2012] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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25
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Xing GW, Xiang S, Xue W, Aodeng GW, Liu Y, Zhang JH, Lin JM. Capture of cervical exfoliative cells on a glass slide coated by 3-glycidyloxypropyl trimethoxysilane and poly-L-lysine. J Pharm Anal 2012; 2:174-179. [PMID: 29403739 PMCID: PMC5760912 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2012.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2011] [Accepted: 02/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
A new modification method for glass slides was developed and applied to make ThinPrep Pap smears, in order to increase the adhesion ability of cervical exfoliative cells. 3-glycidyloxypropyl trimethoxysilane (GOPS) was coated on the glass slides firstly on the slides, then poly-L-lysine (PLL) was covalently modified onto the above epoxy-terminated slides to form GOPS-PLL double decorated slides. The modified slides were characterized using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The cell adhesion ability effect was tested and compared with traditional PLL coated slides by fixing the cervical exfoliative cells on the double adorned slides. The control test was conducted by the bare glass slides unmodified. The cell morphology of cervical exfoliative cells adhered on different slides was observed under the microscope after Papanicolaou staining. The number of cervical exfoliative cells on the unmodified slides, PLL coated slides and GOPS-PLL coated slides was 1030±300, 3283±226 and 4119±280 (n=12), respectively. The data among the three different modification methods showed significant differences (one-way analysis of variance, ANOVA test, P<0.05). The cell capturing effect of the GOPS-PLL slide was the best among the three different modified slides. In addition, the GOPS-PLL slide could enhance the uniformity of the adhered cells and be widely applied to the ThinPrep system for cervical carcinoma screening to increase the accuracy rate of diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gao-Wa Xing
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Microanalytical Methods and Instrumentation, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Sen Xiang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Microanalytical Methods and Instrumentation, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Wei Xue
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Microanalytical Methods and Instrumentation, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Gao-Wa Aodeng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Beijing Center for Physical and Chemical Analysis, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jing-Hua Zhang
- Beijing Center for Physical and Chemical Analysis, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jin-Ming Lin
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Microanalytical Methods and Instrumentation, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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Simone G, Neuzil P, Perozziello G, Francardi M, Malara N, Di Fabrizio E, Manz A. A facile in situ microfluidic method for creating multivalent surfaces: toward functional glycomics. LAB ON A CHIP 2012; 12:1500-1507. [PMID: 22402593 DOI: 10.1039/c2lc21217j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
An in situ method of modifying the chemistry and topology of microfluidic surfaces in order to mimic the cellular environment is described. The binding of functionalised microbeads to microfluidic channels allows the surface-to-volume ratio of the system, and thus the number of biomolecules available for reaction, to be vastly increased, thereby enhancing the sensitivity of biochemical analyses. The sensitivity and specificity of the technique were first investigated via the study of carbohydrate-protein interactions. Beads featuring hydrazide moieties were adhered to the channel surface, after which carbohydrates (galactose and mannose) were bound to the beads in situ and reacted with fluorescently labelled proteins. Results showed a six-fold increase in fluorescent signal compared to the same process performed on a glass surface without the presence of beads, thereby demonstrating the increase in valence afforded by the method. In a subsequent study, beads, modified with galactose moieties via the in situ functionalisation technique, were used to perform studies of colon tumour cells from a cell sample. Here, the carcinoma cells exhibited superior adhesion than the normal cells due to an increased expression of active galactose receptors, thereby demonstrating the success of the biofunctionalisation method for investigating cellular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina Simone
- KIST Europe, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Campus E7 1, 66123 Saarbruecken, Germany.
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Ricinus communis agglutinin I functionalisation of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) as a substrate for microfluidic device. Sci China Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-012-4537-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Abstract
This chapter describes one of my laboratory's working protocols for carbohydrate-based microarrays. Using a standard microarray spotter, we print carbohydrate antigens directly on the nitrocellulose-coated bioarray substrates. Because these substrates support noncovalent immobilization of many spotted antigens, in general no chemical modification of the antigen is needed for microarray production. Thus, this bioarray platform is technically simple and applicable for high-throughput construction of carbohydrate antigen microarrays. A number of nitrocellulose-coated glass slides with different technical characteristics are commercially available. Given the structural diversity of carbohydrate antigens, examining each antigen preparation to determine the efficacy of its immobilization in a given type of substrate and the surface display of the desired glycoepitopes in a microarray assay is essential.
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Liu X, Liu J, Luo Y. Facile glycosylation of dendrimers for eliciting specific cell–material interactions. Polym Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c1py00404b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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30
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Zhang J, Zhou X. Novel 3-dimensional dendrimer platform for glycolipid microarray. Biosens Bioelectron 2011; 28:355-61. [PMID: 21820887 PMCID: PMC3163748 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2011.07.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2011] [Revised: 07/04/2011] [Accepted: 07/18/2011] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Glycolipids are important biological molecules that modulate cellular recognitions and pathogen adhesions. In this paper, we report a sensitive glycolipid microarray for non-covalently immobilizing glycolipids on a microarray substrate and we perform a set of immunoassays to explore glycolipid-protein interactions. This substrate utilizes a three-dimensional hydrazide-functionalized dendrimer monolayer attached onto a microscopic glass surface, which possesses the characteristics to adsorb glycoliplids non-covalently and facilitates multivalent attributes on the substrate surface. In the proof-of-concept experiments, gangliosides such as GM1, FucGM1, GM3, GD1b, GT1b, and GQ1b, and a lipoarabinomannan were tested on the substrate and interrogated with toxins and antibodies. The resulting glycolipid microarrays exhibited hypersensitivity and specificity for detection of glycolipid-protein interactions. In particular, a robust and specific binding of a pentameric cholera toxin B subunit to the GM1 glycolipid spotted on the array has demonstrated its superiority in sensitivity and specificity. In addition, this glycolipid microarray substrate was used to detect lipoarabinomannan in buffer within a limit-of-detection of 125 ng/mL. Furthermore, Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) Lipoarabinomannan was tested in human urine specimens on this platform, which can effectively identify urine samples either infected or not infected with Mtb. The results of this work suggest the possibility of using this glycolipid microarray platform to fabricate glycoconjugate microarrays, which includes free glycans and glycolipids and potential application in detection of pathogen and toxin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhang
- ADA Technologies Inc., 8100 Shaffer Parkway, Suite 130, Littleton, CO 80127, USA.
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31
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Ziemba B, Janaszewska A, Ciepluch K, Krotewicz M, Fogel WA, Appelhans D, Voit B, Bryszewska M, Klajnert B. In vivo toxicity of poly(propyleneimine) dendrimers. J Biomed Mater Res A 2011; 99:261-8. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.33196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2011] [Revised: 05/19/2011] [Accepted: 05/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Abstract
Glycan microarrays are emerging as increasingly used screening tools with a high potential for unraveling protein-carbohydrate interactions: probing hundreds or even thousands of glycans in parallel, they provide the researcher with a vast amount of data in a short time-frame, while using relatively small amounts of analytes. Natural glycan microarrays focus on the glycans' repertoire of natural sources, including both well-defined structures as well as still-unknown ones. This article compares different natural glycan microarray strategies. Glycan probes may comprise oligosaccharides from glycoproteins as well as glycolipids and polysaccharides. Oligosaccharides may be purified from scarce biological samples that are of particular relevance for the carbohydrate-binding protein to be studied. We give an overview of strategies for glycan isolation, derivatization, fractionation, immobilization and structural characterization. Detection methods such as fluorescence analysis and surface plasmon resonance are summarized. The importance of glycan density and multivalency is discussed. Furthermore, some applications of natural glycan microarrays for studying lectin and antibody binding are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Lonardi
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry Unit, Department of Parasitology, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
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33
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Li X, Gao J, Liu D, Wang Z. Studying the interaction of carbohydrate–protein on the dendrimer-modified solid support by microarray-based plasmon resonance light scattering assay. Analyst 2011; 136:4301-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c1an15230k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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34
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Ding L, Xiao X, Chen Y, Qian R, Bao L, Ju H. Competition-based transfer of carbohydrate expression information from a cell-adhered surface to a secondary surface. Chem Commun (Camb) 2011; 47:3742-4. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cc10164a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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35
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Godula K, Bertozzi CR. Synthesis of glycopolymers for microarray applications via ligation of reducing sugars to a poly(acryloyl hydrazide) scaffold. J Am Chem Soc 2010; 132:9963-5. [PMID: 20608651 PMCID: PMC2907714 DOI: 10.1021/ja103009d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
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In this paper, we report on a general synthetic strategy for the assembly of glycopolymers that capitalizes on the intrinsic reactivity of reducing glycans toward hydrazides to form stable cyclic N-glycosides. We developed a poly(acryloyl hydrazide) (PAH) scaffold to which we conjugated a variety of reducing glycans ranging in structure from simple mono- and disaccharides to considerably more complex human milk and blood oligosaccharides. The conjugation proceeds under mild conditions with excellent ligation efficiencies and in a stereoselective manner, providing glycopolymers with pendant glycans accommodated mostly in their cyclic β-glycosidic form. Utilizing a biotin-terminated PAH scaffold prepared via RAFT polymerization, we quickly assembled a panel of glycopolymers that we microarrayed on streptavidin-coated glass. We then demonstrated that in these microarrays, the glycopolymer ligands bind lectins according to the structures of their pendant glycans. Importantly, glycopolymers containing biologically relevant branched oligosaccharides, such as sialyl Lewisx, as well as sulfated glycosaminoglycan-like epitopes can be readily prepared using our methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Godula
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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Parera Pera N, Branderhorst HM, Kooij R, Maierhofer C, van der Kaaden M, Liskamp RMJ, Wittmann V, Ruijtenbeek R, Pieters RJ. Rapid Screening of Lectins for Multivalency Effects with a Glycodendrimer Microarray. Chembiochem 2010; 11:1896-904. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201000340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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37
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Richter A, Janke A, Zschoche S, Zimmermann R, Simon F, Eichhorn KJ, Voit B, Appelhans D. pH-stable hyperbranched poly(ethyleneimine)-maltose films for the interaction with phosphate containing drugs. NEW J CHEM 2010. [DOI: 10.1039/c0nj00447b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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