1
|
Sultana T, Malik K, Raja NI, Mashwani ZUR, Hameed A, Ullah R, Alqahtani AS, Sohail. Aflatoxins in Peanut ( Arachis hypogaea): Prevalence, Global Health Concern, and Management from an Innovative Nanotechnology Approach: A Mechanistic Repertoire and Future Direction. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:25555-25574. [PMID: 38911815 PMCID: PMC11190918 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c01316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Arachis hypogaea is the most significant oilseed nutritious legume crop in agricultural trade across the world. It is recognized as a valued crop for its contributions to nourishing food, as a cooking oil, and for meeting the protein needs of people who are unable to afford animal protein. Currently, its production, marketability, and consumption are hindered because of Aspergillus species infection that consequently contaminates the kernels with aflatoxins. Regarding health concerns, humans and animals are affected by acute and chronic aflatoxin toxicity and millions of people are at high risk of chronic levels. Most methods used to store peanuts are traditional and serve effectively for short-term storage. Now the question for long-term storage has been raised, and this promptly finds potential approaches to the issue. It is imperative to reduce the aflatoxin levels in peanuts to a permissible level by introducing detoxifying innovations. Most of the detoxification reports mention physical, chemical, and biological techniques. However, many current approaches are impractical because of time consumption, loss of nutritional quality, or weak detoxifying efficiency. Therefore, it is crucial to investigate practical, economical, and green methods to control Aspergillus flavus that address current global food security problems. Herein, a green and economically revolutionary way is a nanotechnology that has demonstrated its potential to connect farmers to markets, elevate international marketability, improve human and animal health conditions, and enhance food quality and safety by the management of fungal diseases. Due to the antimicrobial potential of nanoparticles, they act as nanofungicides and have an incredible role in the control of aflatoxins. Nanoparticles have ultrasmall sizes and therefore penetrate the fungal body and invade the pathogen machinery, leading to fungal cell death by ROS production, mutation in DNA, disruption of organelles, and membrane leakage. This is the first mechanistic overview that unveils a comprehensive insight into aflatoxin contamination in peanuts, its prevalence, health effects, and management in addition to nanotechnological interventions that serve as a triple defense approach to detoxify aflatoxins. The optimum use of nanofungicides ensures food safety and the development of goals, especially "zero hunger".
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tahira Sultana
- Department
of Botany, PMAS, Arid Agriculture University
Rawalpindi, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan
| | - Khafsa Malik
- Department
of Botany, PMAS, Arid Agriculture University
Rawalpindi, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan
| | - Naveed Iqbal Raja
- Department
of Botany, PMAS, Arid Agriculture University
Rawalpindi, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan
| | - Zia-Ur-Rehman Mashwani
- Department
of Botany, PMAS, Arid Agriculture University
Rawalpindi, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan
| | - Asma Hameed
- Department
of Botany, PMAS, Arid Agriculture University
Rawalpindi, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan
| | - Riaz Ullah
- Medicinal
Aromatic and Poisonous Plants Research Center College of Pharmacy King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali S. Alqahtani
- Medicinal
Aromatic and Poisonous Plants Research Center College of Pharmacy King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sohail
- College
of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou
University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Salazar-Cerezo S, de Vries RP, Garrigues S. Strategies for the Development of Industrial Fungal Producing Strains. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:834. [PMID: 37623605 PMCID: PMC10455633 DOI: 10.3390/jof9080834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of microorganisms in industry has enabled the (over)production of various compounds (e.g., primary and secondary metabolites, proteins and enzymes) that are relevant for the production of antibiotics, food, beverages, cosmetics, chemicals and biofuels, among others. Industrial strains are commonly obtained by conventional (non-GMO) strain improvement strategies and random screening and selection. However, recombinant DNA technology has made it possible to improve microbial strains by adding, deleting or modifying specific genes. Techniques such as genetic engineering and genome editing are contributing to the development of industrial production strains. Nevertheless, there is still significant room for further strain improvement. In this review, we will focus on classical and recent methods, tools and technologies used for the development of fungal production strains with the potential to be applied at an industrial scale. Additionally, the use of functional genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics together with the implementation of genetic manipulation techniques and expression tools will be discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Salazar-Cerezo
- Fungal Physiology, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute & Fungal Molecular Physiology, Utrecht University, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands (R.P.d.V.)
| | - Ronald P. de Vries
- Fungal Physiology, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute & Fungal Molecular Physiology, Utrecht University, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands (R.P.d.V.)
| | - Sandra Garrigues
- Food Biotechnology Department, Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Catedrático Agustín Escardino Benlloch 7, 46980 Paterna, VLC, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Strategies for gene disruption and expression in filamentous fungi. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:6041-6059. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-09953-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
|
4
|
Development of host strains and vector system for an efficient genetic transformation of filamentous fungi. Plasmid 2019; 101:1-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.plasmid.2018.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Revised: 11/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
|
5
|
Horky P, Skalickova S, Baholet D, Skladanka J. Nanoparticles as a Solution for Eliminating the Risk of Mycotoxins. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 8:E727. [PMID: 30223519 PMCID: PMC6164963 DOI: 10.3390/nano8090727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Mycotoxins are toxic secondary metabolites produced by certain filamentous fungi. The occurrence of mycotoxins in food and feed causes negative health impacts on both humans and animals. Clay binders, yeast cell walls, or antioxidant additives are the most widely used products for mycotoxin elimination to reduce their impact. Although conventional methods are constantly improving, current research trends are looking for innovative solutions. Nanotechnology approaches seem to be a promising, effective, and low-cost way to minimize the health effects of mycotoxins. This review aims to shed light on the critical knowledge gap in mycotoxin elimination by nanotechnology. There are three main strategies: mold inhibition, mycotoxin adsorption, and reducing the toxic effect via nanoparticles. One of the most promising methods is the use of carbon-based nanomaterials. Graphene has been shown to have a huge surface and high binding capacity for mycotoxins. Attention has also been drawn to polymeric nanoparticles; they could substitute adsorbents or enclose any substance, which would improve the health status of the organism. In light of these findings, this review gives new insights into possible future research that might overcome challenges associated with nanotechnology utilization for mycotoxin elimination from agricultural products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Horky
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Forage Production, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University, 61300 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Sylvie Skalickova
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Forage Production, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University, 61300 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Daria Baholet
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Forage Production, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University, 61300 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Jiri Skladanka
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Forage Production, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University, 61300 Brno, Czech Republic.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Florencio CS, Brandão FAS, Teixeira MDM, Bocca AL, Felipe MSS, Vicente VA, Fernandes L. Genetic manipulation of Fonsecaea pedrosoi using particles bombardment and Agrobacterium mediated transformation. Microbiol Res 2018; 207:269-279. [PMID: 29458863 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2018.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Revised: 11/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Fonsecaea pedrosoi, a melanized fungal pathogen that causes Chromoblastomycosis, a human disease with a worldwide distribution. Biolistic is a widely used technique for direct delivery of genetic material into intact cells by particles bombardment. Another well-established transformation method is Agrobacterium-mediated transformation (ATMT), which involves the transfer of a T-DNA from the bacterium to the target cells. In F. pedrosoi there are no reports of established protocols for genetic transformation, which require optimization of physical and biological parameters. In this work, intact conidia of F. pedrosoi were particle bombarded and subjected to ATMT. In addition, we proposed hygromycin B, nourseothricin and neomycin as dominant selective markers for F. pedrosoi and vectors were constructed. We tested two parameters for biolistic: the distance of the particles to the target cells and time of cells recovery in nonselective medium. The biolistic efficiency was 37 transformants/μg of pFpHYG, and 45 transformants/μg of pAN7.1. Transformants expressing GFP were successfully obtained by biolistic. A co-culture ratio of 10: 1 (bacterium: conidia) and co-incubation time of 72 h yielded the largest number of transformants after ATMT. Southern blot analysis showed the number of foreign DNA insertion into the genome is dependent upon the plasmid used to generate the mutants. This work describes for the first time two efficient methods for genetic modification of Fonsecaea and these results open new avenues to better understand the biology and pathogenicity of the main causal agent of this neglected disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Camille Silva Florencio
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências e Tecnologias em Saúde, Faculdade de Ceilândia, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil; Laboratório de Imunologia Aplicada, Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Biologia Celular, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
| | - Fabiana Alves Silva Brandão
- Laboratório de Imunologia Aplicada, Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Biologia Celular, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
| | | | - Anamélia Lorenzetti Bocca
- Laboratório de Imunologia Aplicada, Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Biologia Celular, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
| | | | - Vânia Aparecida Vicente
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Engenharia de Bioprocessos e Biotecnologia, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Patologia Básica, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
| | - Larissa Fernandes
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências e Tecnologias em Saúde, Faculdade de Ceilândia, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil; Laboratório de Imunologia Aplicada, Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Biologia Celular, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil; Programa de Pós-graduação em Engenharia de Bioprocessos e Biotecnologia, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Patologia Básica, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Enhancing fructooligosaccharides production by genetic improvement of the industrial fungus Aspergillus niger ATCC 20611. J Biotechnol 2017; 249:25-33. [PMID: 28344156 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2017.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Revised: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Aspergillus niger ATCC20611 is one of the most potent filamentous fungi used commercially for production of fructooligosaccharides (FOS), which are prospective components of functional food by stimulating probiotic bacteria in the human gut. However, current strategies for improving FOS yield still rely on production process development. The genetic engineering approach hasn't been applied in industrial strains to increase FOS production level. Here, an optimized polyethylene glycol (PEG)-mediated protoplast transformation system was established in A. niger ATCC 20611 and used for further strain improvement. The pyrithiamine resistance gene (ptrA) was selected as a dominant marker and protoplasts were prepared with high concentration (up to 108g-1 wet weight mycelium) by using mixed cell wall-lysing enzymes. The transformation frequency with ptrA can reach 30-50 transformants per μg of DNA. In addition, the efficiency of co-transformation with the EGFP reporter gene (egfp) was high (approx. 82%). Furthermore, an activity-improved variant of β-fructofuranosidase, FopA(A178P), was successfully overexpressed in A. niger ATCC 20611 by using the transformation system. The transformant, CM6, exhibited a 58% increase in specific β-fructofuranosidase activity (up to 507U/g), compared to the parental strain (320U/g), and effectively reduced the time needed for completion of FOS synthesis. These results illustrate the feasibility of strain improvement through genetic engineering for further enhancement of FOS production level.
Collapse
|
8
|
Deng H, Gao R, Chen J, Liao X, Cai Y. An efficient polyethylene glycol-mediated transformation system of lentiviral vector in Shiraia bambusicola. Process Biochem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2016.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
9
|
Wu L, Conner RL, Wang X, Xu R, Li H. Variation in Growth, Colonization of Maize, and Metabolic Parameters of GFP- and DsRed-Labeled Fusarium verticillioides Strains. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2016; 106:890-899. [PMID: 27088391 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-09-15-0236-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Autofluorescent proteins are frequently applied as visual markers in the labeling of filamentous fungi. Genes gfp and DsRed were transformed into the genome of Fusarium verticillioides via the Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation method. The selected transformants displayed a bright green or red fluorescence in all the organelles of the growing fungal mycelia and spores (except for the vacuoles) both in cultures and in the maize (Zea mays) roots they colonized. The results of gene-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis and the thermal asymmetrical interlaced (TAIL)-PCR analysis demonstrated that gfp and DsRed were integrated on different chromosomes of the fungus. Reductions in the colony growth on the plates at pH 4.0 and 5.5 was observed for the green fluorescent protein (GFP)-transformant G3 and the DsRed-transformant R4, but transformants G4 and R1 grew as well as the wild-type strain at pH 4.0. The speed of growth of all the transformants was similar to the wild-type strain at pH ≥ 7. The insertion of gfp and DsRed did not alter the production of extracellular enzymes and fumonisin B by F. verticillioides. The transformants expressing GFP and DsRed proteins were able to colonize maize roots. However, the four transformants examined produced fewer CFU in the root samples than the wild-type strain during a sampling period of 7 to 28 days after inoculation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wu
- First, third, and fifth authors: The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081; second author: Morden Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Morden, Manitoba R6M 1Y5, Canada; and fourth author: Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing
| | - R L Conner
- First, third, and fifth authors: The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081; second author: Morden Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Morden, Manitoba R6M 1Y5, Canada; and fourth author: Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing
| | - Xiaoming Wang
- First, third, and fifth authors: The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081; second author: Morden Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Morden, Manitoba R6M 1Y5, Canada; and fourth author: Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing
| | - Rongqi Xu
- First, third, and fifth authors: The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081; second author: Morden Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Morden, Manitoba R6M 1Y5, Canada; and fourth author: Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing
| | - Hongjie Li
- First, third, and fifth authors: The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081; second author: Morden Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Morden, Manitoba R6M 1Y5, Canada; and fourth author: Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
High-Throughput Construction of Genetically Modified Fungi. Fungal Biol 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-27951-0_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|