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Wei KL, Chen FY, Lin CY, Gao GL, Kao WY, Yeh CH, Chen CR, Huang HC, Tsai WR, Jong KJ, Li WJ, Su JGJ. Activation of aryl hydrocarbon receptor reduces carbendazim-induced cell death. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2016; 306:86-97. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2016.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Revised: 05/14/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Zena R, Speciale A, Calabrò C, Calò M, Palombieri D, Saija A, Cimino F, Trombetta D, Lo Cascio P. Exposure of sea bream (Sparus aurata) to toxic concentrations of benzo[a]pyrene: possible human health effect. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2015; 122:116-125. [PMID: 26232038 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2015.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2015] [Revised: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 07/01/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) can accumulate in the food chain, due to their lipophilic properties. Fish can accumulate contaminants including PAHs and frequent consumption of such contaminated fish can pose risk to human health. The aim of this study was to clarify if acute exposure of sea bream (Sparus aurata, a fish species of great economic importance in the Atlantic and Mediterranean areas) to a PAH, benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), at a dose that can induce CYP1A and pathological changes in fish gills, liver and muscle, can induce accumulation in muscle. We investigated the cytotoxic effects (as changes in cell viability, DNA laddering and glutathione content) of in vitro exposure of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) to organic extracts obtained from muscle of sea breams previously exposed via water to B[a]P (2mg/l, for 12, 24 and 72 h). At this level of exposure, B[a]P caused morphological changes, inflammatory response and CYP1A induction not only in sea bream gills and liver but also in muscle; furthermore, in fish muscle we observed a substantial B[a]P accumulation, which may be associated with the increased CYP1A activity in liver and especially in muscle. However, when PBMCs were exposed to organic extracts obtained from sea bream muscle contaminated with B[a]P, a toxic, although modest effect was revealed, consisting in a significant decrease in cell glutathione levels without alterations in cell viability and DNA laddering. This suggests that consumption of sea breams from B[a]P contaminated waters might represent a risk for human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Zena
- Department of Drug Sciences and Health Products, University of Messina, V.le SS. Annunziata, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - A Speciale
- Department of Drug Sciences and Health Products, University of Messina, V.le SS. Annunziata, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - C Calabrò
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Salita Sperone 31, S. Agata, Messina, 98166, Italy
| | - M Calò
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Messina, Polo SS Annunziata, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - D Palombieri
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Salita Sperone 31, S. Agata, Messina, 98166, Italy
| | - A Saija
- Department of Drug Sciences and Health Products, University of Messina, V.le SS. Annunziata, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - F Cimino
- Department of Drug Sciences and Health Products, University of Messina, V.le SS. Annunziata, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - D Trombetta
- Department of Drug Sciences and Health Products, University of Messina, V.le SS. Annunziata, 98168 Messina, Italy.
| | - P Lo Cascio
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Salita Sperone 31, S. Agata, Messina, 98166, Italy
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Le Vee M, Kolasa E, Jouan E, Collet N, Fardel O. Differentiation of human placental BeWo cells by the environmental contaminant benzo(a)pyrene. Chem Biol Interact 2014; 210:1-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2013.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2013] [Revised: 11/22/2013] [Accepted: 12/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Øvrevik J, Refsnes M, Holme JA, Schwarze PE, Låg M. Mechanisms of chemokine responses by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in bronchial epithelial cells: sensitization through toll-like receptor-3 priming. Toxicol Lett 2013; 219:125-32. [PMID: 23458896 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2013.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2013] [Revised: 02/15/2013] [Accepted: 02/19/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
We have previously observed that 1-nitropyrene (1-NP) and its amine metabolite 1-aminopyrene (1-AP) induce differential chemokine responses in human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B) characterized by maximum responses for CXCL8 (IL-8) and CCL5 (RANTES), respectively. In the present study, we further explored the effects of 1-NP and 1-AP on chemokine responses. The results suggest that the differential effect of 1-NP and 1-AP on CXCL8 and CCL5 in BEAS-2B cells was mainly related to effects at higher concentrations, which in the case of 1-NP seemed to be linked to ROS-formation and/or metabolic activation by CYP-enzymes. However, at a low concentration (1 μM) where neither 1-NP, 1-AP nor unsubstituted pyrene had any effect on chemokine responses, we found that all three PAHs potentiated CXCL8 and CCL5 responses induced by the TLR3 ligand polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (Poly I:C) in BEAS-2B cells. As neither benzo[a]pyrene nor β-naphthoflavone induced a similar effect in Poly I:C-primed cells, the response seemed independent of aryl hydrocarbon receptor-mediated mechanisms. The results show that priming cells with an inflammogenic stimuli like Poly I:C sensitizes the cells toward additional pro-inflammatory effects of certain PAHs. The study underscores that testing on healthy cells or animals may not be sufficient to fully evaluate chemokine responses and the pro-inflammatory potential of organic chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan Øvrevik
- Department of Air Pollution and Noise, Division of Environmental Medicine, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
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