1
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Port-Lougarre Y, Voegeli G, Vileno B, Giménez-Arnau E. Probing skin photoallergens in reconstructed human epidermis: An EPR spin trapping investigation. Photochem Photobiol 2024. [PMID: 39189640 DOI: 10.1111/php.14010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024]
Abstract
Photoallergic contact dermatitis is a skin disease caused by combined exposure to photoreactive chemicals and sunlight. Exposure to allergens and the risk of skin sensitization is an essential regulatory issue within the industry. Yet, only few non-validated assays for photoallergy assessment exist as the pathogenesis is not fully deciphered. Improving such assays and/or developing new ones require an understanding of the chemical mechanisms involved. The first key event in the photosensitization process, namely chemical binding of the photoallergen to endogenous proteins, is thought to proceed via photo-mediated radicals arising from the photoallergen. Moreover, the mechanism of action of these radicals if formed in the epidermis is not known and far from being unraveled. We present here an original proof-of-concept methodology to probe radical generation from allergens in contact with photoexposed skin, using electron paramagnetic resonance and spin trapping in a reconstructed human epidermis model mimicking real-life exposure scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Guillaume Voegeli
- Institut de Chimie, UMR 7177, CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Bertrand Vileno
- Institut de Chimie, UMR 7177, CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Elena Giménez-Arnau
- Institut de Chimie, UMR 7177, CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
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2
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Blanca-Lopez N, Agundez JAG, Fernández J, García-Martin E, Blanca M. Ibuprofen and Other Arylpropionics: The Relevance in Immediate Hypersensitivity Drug Reactions. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2024:1-11. [PMID: 38830344 DOI: 10.1159/000539043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ibuprofen, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), is the most frequent medication to be involved in hypersensitivity drug reactions (HDRs). Other analgesic/anti-inflammatory drugs in the arylpropionic group are also relevant, albeit to a lesser extent. Ibuprofen is widely consumed by people of all ages, both on medical prescription and over the counter; moreover, it is an organic contaminant of surface waters and foods. While numerous drugs cause HDR, ibuprofen's underlying mechanisms are more intricate and involve both specific immunological and non-immunological mediated reactions. SUMMARY we concentrate on immediate responses, including urticaria with or without angioedema, anaphylaxis, and angioedema, classifying reactions according to whether they are caused by single or multiple NSAIDs and based on the mechanisms at play. Both groups may experience anaphylaxis, defined as an immediate, severe systemic reaction involving at least two organs, though the frequency and severity can vary. Following this classification, more clinical manifestations can be identified. Diagnosis is partly based on a detailed clinical history, including information about ibuprofen and/or other arylpropionic derivatives involved, the interval between drug intake and symptoms onset, clinical manifestations, number of episodes, and the patient's tolerance or response to other medications - mainly non-chemically related NSAID - both before and after reactions to ibuprofen and/or other arylpropionic drugs. A drug provocation test is frequently necessary to make a diagnosis. KEY MESSAGE Because ibuprofen is the most widely prescribed NSAID, it is reasonable to assume its role as the leading cause of HDR will only become more important.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jose A G Agundez
- University Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, Avda de Las Ciencias s/n, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Javier Fernández
- Allergy Section, Dr. Balmis General University Hospital, Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL), Miguel Hernández University, Alicante, Spain
| | - Elena García-Martin
- University Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, Avda de Las Ciencias s/n, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Miguel Blanca
- Miguel Blanca, Research consultant, Campoamor 2, Malaga, Spain
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3
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Kowalska J, Rok J, Rzepka Z, Wrześniok D. Drug-Induced Photosensitivity-From Light and Chemistry to Biological Reactions and Clinical Symptoms. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:723. [PMID: 34451820 PMCID: PMC8401619 DOI: 10.3390/ph14080723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Photosensitivity is one of the most common cutaneous adverse drug reactions. There are two types of drug-induced photosensitivity: photoallergy and phototoxicity. Currently, the number of photosensitization cases is constantly increasing due to excessive exposure to sunlight, the aesthetic value of a tan, and the increasing number of photosensitizing substances in food, dietary supplements, and pharmaceutical and cosmetic products. The risk of photosensitivity reactions relates to several hundred externally and systemically administered drugs, including nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory, cardiovascular, psychotropic, antimicrobial, antihyperlipidemic, and antineoplastic drugs. Photosensitivity reactions often lead to hospitalization, additional treatment, medical management, decrease in patient's comfort, and the limitations of drug usage. Mechanisms of drug-induced photosensitivity are complex and are observed at a cellular, molecular, and biochemical level. Photoexcitation and photoconversion of drugs trigger multidirectional biological reactions, including oxidative stress, inflammation, and changes in melanin synthesis. These effects contribute to the appearance of the following symptoms: erythema, swelling, blisters, exudation, peeling, burning, itching, and hyperpigmentation of the skin. This article reviews in detail the chemical and biological basis of drug-induced photosensitivity. The following factors are considered: the chemical properties, the influence of individual ranges of sunlight, the presence of melanin biopolymers, and the defense mechanisms of particular types of tested cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Dorota Wrześniok
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Jagiellońska 4, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland; (J.K.); (J.R.); (Z.R.)
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4
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Contact Allergy to Topical Drugs. Contact Dermatitis 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-36335-2_38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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5
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He J, Dong J, Su L, Wu S, Liu L, Yin SF, Zhou Y. Selective Oxidative Cleavage of 3-Methylindoles with Primary Amines Affording Quinazolinones. Org Lett 2020; 22:2522-2526. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c00271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Junhui He
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Jianyu Dong
- Department of Educational Science, Hunan First Normal University, Changsha 410205, China
| | - Lebin Su
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Shaofeng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Lixin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Shuang-Feng Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Yongbo Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
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6
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Topical Drugs. Contact Dermatitis 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-72451-5_38-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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7
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Goossens A, Gonçalo M. Contact Allergy to Topical Drugs. Contact Dermatitis 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-72451-5_38-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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8
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Delaunay J, Chassain K, Sarre M, Avenel‐Audran M. A drug not recognized as a photosensitizer? Contact Dermatitis 2019; 81:143-144. [DOI: 10.1111/cod.13265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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9
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Abstract
Drug-induced photosensitivity reactions are significant adverse effects. Ketoprofen is one of the most common drugs that can cause skin rash in sun-exposed areas. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as ketoprofen, are often used for a variety of symptoms, including pain and fever. An understanding of the presentation and clinical course of ketoprofen-induced photosensitivity is necessary to correctly diagnose and manage this condition. Ketoprofen-induced photosensitivity reactions usually present as photoallergic dermatitis, which is a cell-mediated immune process. The benzophenone moiety in ketoprofen plays a major role in ketoprofen's ability to act as a photosensitizer. Several agents, such as fenofibrate and octocrylene have been found to be associated with aggravation of ketoprofen-induced photoallergic dermatitis or cross-photosensitization, and these reactions result from structural similarities with ketoprofen. Treatment of ketoprofen-induced photoallergic dermatitis includes discontinuation of ketoprofen, topical or systemic corticosteroids and avoidance of sun exposure and agents known to exacerbate dermatitis. In conclusion, photoallergic dermatitis is a significant adverse effect of ketoprofen. Some agents known to worsen dermatitis may be found in sun protection products (notably, octocrylene in sunscreen). Educating the patient to avoid these products is critical to treatment. Since NSAIDs, such as ketoprofen, are used commonly for a variety of illnesses, drug-induced photoallergic dermatitis should be high on the differential in individuals using these medications who present with acute onset of a rash in sun-exposed areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany Yvonne Loh
- School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Philip R Cohen
- Department of Dermatology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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10
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Maurel DT, Durand-Moreau Q, Pougnet R, Dewitte JD, Roguedas-Contios AM, Bensefa-Colas L, Loddé B. Why is occupational photocontact allergic dermatitis caused by ketoprofen rarely reported in the literature? Contact Dermatitis 2017; 78:92-94. [PMID: 29265446 DOI: 10.1111/cod.12861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Revised: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Damien-Thibaud Maurel
- Laboratoire ORPHY, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, CS 93837 - 29238, Brest Cedex 3, France.,Service de Santé au Travail et Maladies liées à l'environnement, CHRU Morvan, 29609 Brest Cedex, France
| | - Quentin Durand-Moreau
- Laboratoire ORPHY, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, CS 93837 - 29238, Brest Cedex 3, France.,Service de Santé au Travail et Maladies liées à l'environnement, CHRU Morvan, 29609 Brest Cedex, France
| | - Richard Pougnet
- Laboratoire ORPHY, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, CS 93837 - 29238, Brest Cedex 3, France.,Service de Santé au Travail et Maladies liées à l'environnement, CHRU Morvan, 29609 Brest Cedex, France
| | - Jean-Dominique Dewitte
- Laboratoire ORPHY, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, CS 93837 - 29238, Brest Cedex 3, France.,Service de Santé au Travail et Maladies liées à l'environnement, CHRU Morvan, 29609 Brest Cedex, France
| | | | - Lynda Bensefa-Colas
- Occupational Diseases Department, University Hospital of Centre of Paris COCHIN, AP-HP, 75014 Paris, France.,Laboratoire Santé Publique et Environnement, Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, EA 4064 Paris, France
| | - Brice Loddé
- Laboratoire ORPHY, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, CS 93837 - 29238, Brest Cedex 3, France.,Service de Santé au Travail et Maladies liées à l'environnement, CHRU Morvan, 29609 Brest Cedex, France
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11
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Bennike NH, Lepoittevin JP, Johansen JD. Can contact allergy to p-phenylenediamine explain the high rates of terpene hydroperoxide allergy? - An epidemiological study based on consecutive patch test results. Contact Dermatitis 2016; 76:67-73. [PMID: 27251025 DOI: 10.1111/cod.12618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Revised: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Contact allergy to linalool hydroperoxides (Lin-OOHs) and limonene hydroperoxides (Lim-OOHs) is common. Similarly to what occurs with the terpene hydroperoxides, reactive intermediates formed from p-phenylenediamine (PPD) can cause oxidative modifications of tryptophan residues on proteins in mechanistic studies. OBJECTIVES To test the hypothesis that patients sensitized to PPD are at increased risk of concomitant reactivity to either of the terpene hydroperoxides, owing to a 'common pathway' of skin protein oxidation. METHODS A database study of consecutively patch tested eczema patients (n = 3843) from 2012 to 2015, tested concomitantly with PPD, Lim-OOHs and Lin-OOHs, was performed. Associations were examined by level of concordance and odds ratios (ORs) adjusted for age, sex, and contact allergy to fragrance mix I and fragrance mix II. RESULTS Concomitant reactions to PPD were seen in 2.2% of Lim-OOH-positive patients and in 4.9% of Lin-OOH-positive patients. Neither proportion was higher than expected by chance. No association existed between PPD and Lim-OOH patch test reactivity. In a multiple logistic regression analysis, PPD allergy was associated with an insignificantly increased risk (OR 2.11, 95%CI:0.92-4.80) of a positive patch test reaction to Lin-OOHs. CONCLUSIONS PPD sensitization cannot explain the high rates of sensitization to Lin-OOHs and/or Lim-OOHs. Contact allergy to oxidized linalool is more strongly associated with fragrance allergy than with PPD allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niels Højsager Bennike
- Department of Dermato-Allergology, National Allergy Research Centre, Herlev-Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, 2900 Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Jean-Pierre Lepoittevin
- Dermatochemistry Laboratory, Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg, University of Strasbourg, 67081 Strasbourg cedex, France
| | - Jeanne D Johansen
- Department of Dermato-Allergology, National Allergy Research Centre, Herlev-Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, 2900 Hellerup, Denmark
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12
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Aparici-Espert I, Cuquerella MC, Paris C, Lhiaubet-Vallet V, Miranda MA. Photocages for protection and controlled release of bioactive compounds. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:14215-14218. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc08175d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A photoactivatable ketoprofen–avobenzone dyad was designed for the protection and controlled release of phototoxic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- I. Aparici-Espert
- Instituto Universitario Mixto de Tecnología Química (UPV-CSIC)
- Universitat Politècnica de València
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas
- 46022 Valencia
- Spain
| | - M. C. Cuquerella
- Instituto Universitario Mixto de Tecnología Química (UPV-CSIC)
- Universitat Politècnica de València
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas
- 46022 Valencia
- Spain
| | - C. Paris
- Instituto Universitario Mixto de Tecnología Química (UPV-CSIC)
- Universitat Politècnica de València
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas
- 46022 Valencia
- Spain
| | - V. Lhiaubet-Vallet
- Instituto Universitario Mixto de Tecnología Química (UPV-CSIC)
- Universitat Politècnica de València
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas
- 46022 Valencia
- Spain
| | - M. A. Miranda
- Instituto Universitario Mixto de Tecnología Química (UPV-CSIC)
- Universitat Politècnica de València
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas
- 46022 Valencia
- Spain
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13
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Roberts DW. Letter to the Editor Regarding the Article by Natsch et al., 2015. Chem Res Toxicol 2015; 28:2085. [PMID: 26496179 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.5b00426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David W Roberts
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University , Byrom Street, Liverpool L3 3AF, England
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14
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Karlberg AT, Börje A, Lepoittevin JP, Giménez-Arnau E, Bråred Christensson J, Hagvall L. Letter to the Editor Regarding the Article by Natsch et al., 2015. Chem Res Toxicol 2015; 28:2079-81. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.5b00306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ann-Therese Karlberg
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, Dermatochemistry
and Skin Allergy, University of Gothenburg, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anna Börje
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, Dermatochemistry
and Skin Allergy, University of Gothenburg, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jean-Pierre Lepoittevin
- Laboratoire de Dermatochimie, ILB 4, rue Blaise Pascal - CS 90032, F-67081 Strasbourg cedex, France
| | - Elena Giménez-Arnau
- Laboratoire de Dermatochimie, ILB 4, rue Blaise Pascal - CS 90032, F-67081 Strasbourg cedex, France
| | - Johanna Bråred Christensson
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, Dermatochemistry
and Skin Allergy, University of Gothenburg, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Dermatology, Sahlgrenska
Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-405 03 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lina Hagvall
- Department of Dermatology, Sahlgrenska
Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-405 03 Gothenburg, Sweden
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15
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Natsch A, Emter R, Badertscher RP, Brunner G, Granier T, Kern S, Ellis G. Oxidative Tryptophan Modification by Terpene- and Squalene-Hydroperoxides and a Possible Link to Cross-Reactions in Diagnostic Tests. Chem Res Toxicol 2015; 28:1205-8. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.5b00039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Natsch
- Biosciences,
Analytical Chemistry and Process Research Chemistry, Givaudan Schweiz AG, Ueberlandstrasse 138, CH-8600 Duebendorf, Switzerland
| | - Roger Emter
- Biosciences,
Analytical Chemistry and Process Research Chemistry, Givaudan Schweiz AG, Ueberlandstrasse 138, CH-8600 Duebendorf, Switzerland
| | - Remo P. Badertscher
- Biosciences,
Analytical Chemistry and Process Research Chemistry, Givaudan Schweiz AG, Ueberlandstrasse 138, CH-8600 Duebendorf, Switzerland
| | - Gerhard Brunner
- Biosciences,
Analytical Chemistry and Process Research Chemistry, Givaudan Schweiz AG, Ueberlandstrasse 138, CH-8600 Duebendorf, Switzerland
| | - Thierry Granier
- Biosciences,
Analytical Chemistry and Process Research Chemistry, Givaudan Schweiz AG, Ueberlandstrasse 138, CH-8600 Duebendorf, Switzerland
| | - Susanne Kern
- Biosciences,
Analytical Chemistry and Process Research Chemistry, Givaudan Schweiz AG, Ueberlandstrasse 138, CH-8600 Duebendorf, Switzerland
| | - Graham Ellis
- RAPS
Fragrance Toxicology, Givaudan International SA, 5 Chemin de la Parfumerie, CH-1214 Vernier, Switzerland
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16
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Honari G. Photoallergy. REVIEWS ON ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH 2014; 29:233-242. [PMID: 25274941 DOI: 10.1515/reveh-2014-0067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2014] [Accepted: 09/01/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Abstract Photoallergic contact dermatitis (PACD) is a hypersensitivity reaction mounting from skin exposure to generally harmless amounts of ultraviolet and/or visible light in the presence of a photoreactive allergen. These reactions are typically delayed type (Gell and Coombs type IV) reactions and require pre-sensitization to photoallergens. Phototoxic reactions are clinically similar and often difficult to differentiate from photoallergies, but they are caused by interaction of light with photoirritants and do not require sensitization. The main investigative technique to diagnose PACD is photopatch testing, which is not commonly used; therefore, PACD may be overlooked in many patients. Currently, leading contact photosensitizers are sunscreens and topical non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. This article provides an overview on photocontact allergies.
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