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Manresa MC. Animal Models of Contact Dermatitis: 2,4-Dinitrofluorobenzene-Induced Contact Hypersensitivity. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2223:87-100. [PMID: 33226589 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1001-5_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) is a common skin disease with high prevalence in work environments. Human allergic contact dermatitis is triggered by the exposure to haptens that leads to an initial phase known as sensitization. During this phase, hapten-protein complexes presented by antigen-presenting cells activate a T-cell-mediated response, leading to the generation of memory cells against the hapten. Upon re-exposure to the same hapten, the elicitation phase is initiated. This phase is characterized by a quicker acute inflammatory response involving activation and/or infiltration of a variety of immune cell populations. Human ACD can be studied through the use of animal models of contact hypersensitivity (CHS). The 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB)-induced CHS model is a commonly used mouse model that has been helpful in the study of the mechanisms as well as potential therapeutic interventions of ACD. In this chapter I will provide a detailed protocol to develop acute DNFB-induced CHS in mice in a period of 7 days. In addition, I will discuss several key considerations for experimental design including best controls, potential expected outcomes, and sample collection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario C Manresa
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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Liu XY, Wu YJ, Song LJ, Zeng XH, Wang S, Liu JQ, Mo LH, Geng XR, Yang LT, Xie RD, Zhang XW, Liu ZG, Yang PC. 3-Methyl-4-nitrophenol triggers nasal allergy by modulating dendritic cell properties. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2018; 143:1614-1616.e7. [PMID: 30472262 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2018.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Revised: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yu Liu
- Research Center of Allergy & Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yong-Jin Wu
- Research Center of Allergy & Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China; Longgang ENT Hospital & Shenzhen ENT Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Li-Juan Song
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, First Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xian-Hai Zeng
- Research Center of Allergy & Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China; Longgang ENT Hospital & Shenzhen ENT Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Research Center of Allergy & Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China; Longgang ENT Hospital & Shenzhen ENT Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jiang-Qi Liu
- Research Center of Allergy & Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China; Longgang ENT Hospital & Shenzhen ENT Institute, Shenzhen, China; Brain-Body Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Li-Hua Mo
- Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Southern Medical University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiao-Rui Geng
- Research Center of Allergy & Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China; Longgang ENT Hospital & Shenzhen ENT Institute, Shenzhen, China; Brain-Body Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Li-Teng Yang
- Department of Respirology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Rui-Di Xie
- Research Center of Allergy & Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiao-Wen Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, First Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Zhi-Gang Liu
- Research Center of Allergy & Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Ping-Chang Yang
- Research Center of Allergy & Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China.
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Gefen T, Vaya J, Khatib S, Rapoport I, Lupo M, Barnea E, Admon A, Heller ED, Aizenshtein E, Pitcovski J. The effect of haptens on protein-carrier immunogenicity. Immunology 2015; 144:116-26. [PMID: 25041614 DOI: 10.1111/imm.12356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2014] [Revised: 07/02/2014] [Accepted: 07/02/2014] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The immune response against hapten is T-cell-dependent, and so requires the uptake, processing and presentation of peptides on MHC class II molecules by antigen-presenting cells to the specific T cell. Some haptens, following conjugation to the available free amines on the surface of the carrier protein, can reduce its immunogenicity. The purpose of this study was to explore the mechanism by which this occurs. Four proteins were tested as carriers and six molecules were used as haptens. The immune response to the carrier proteins was reduced > 100-fold by some of the haptens (termed carrier immunogenicity reducing haptens--CIRH), whereas other haptens did not influence the protein immunogenicity (carrier immunogenicity non-reducing haptens--nCIRH). Conjugation of the protein to a CIRH affected protein degradation by lysosomal cathepsins, leading to the generation of peptides that differ in length and sequence from those derived from the same native protein or that protein modified with nCIRH. Injection of CIRH-conjugated protein into mice induced an increase in the population of regulatory T cells. The results of this study provide a putative mechanism of action for the reduction of immune response to haptenated proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tal Gefen
- Department of Animal Sciences, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel; MIGAL - Galilee Technology Centre, Kiryat Shmona, Israel
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Kociok-Köhn G, Lewis SE. Crystallographic rationalization of the reactivity and spectroscopic properties of (2R)-S-(2,5-dihydroxyphenyl)cysteine. Acta Crystallogr C 2010; 66:o187-9. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108270110005780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2010] [Accepted: 02/11/2010] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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