Effects of DNA on immunoglobulin production stimulating activity of alcohol dehydrogenase

Immunomodulatory effect of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) in allergic conditions in vitro and in vivo

We found that strawberry extract suppressed immunoglobulin (Ig) E production in vitro and in vivo, and identified glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) as one of the IgE suppressor in the extract. We report here the effect of GAPDH on various Ig productions in vitro and in vivo. GAPDH suppressed IgE and enhanced IgA, IgG and IgM productions in ovalbumin (OVA)-stimulated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Oral administration of GAPDH at 10 mg/kg/day to OVA-induced allergy model mice tended to decrease total IgE level and increase total IgA and IgG levels in sera, and also decreased OVA-specific IgE and IgG levels. It is known that the increase of total IgA as well as the decrease of total and specific IgE is important for alleviating allergic symptoms. In addition, GAPDH accelerated IgA production and increased some cytokine secretions such as IL-4, TGF-β1 and IFN-γ in the OVA-immunized mice spleen lymphocytes. These cytokines involved in the class-switching, IgA enhancement, and IgE suppression, respectively, supporting above results. Our study suggests a possibility that oral administration of GAPDH may induce the immunomodulation in allergic responses.

Lactate dehydrogenase enhances immunoglobulin production by human hybridoma and human peripheral blood lymphocytes

Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) derived from rabbit muscle enhanced IgM production by human-human hybridoma HB4C5 cells 12.4-fold at 320 mug/ml under serum-free conditions. LDHs from pig muscle and pig heart also accelerated IgM production 8.4- and 6.4-fold, respectively. The immunoglobulin production stimulating activity of LDH was not accompanied by activation of cell proliferation. LDH from rabbit muscle facilitated IgM and IgG production by human peripheral blood lymphocytes. This means LDH stimulates immunoglobulin production not only by the specified hybridoma cell line, but also by unspecified immunoglobulin producers. LDH from rabbit muscle enhanced IgM production of transcription-suppressed HB4C5 cells treated with actinomycin D. The immunoglobulin production-stimulating factors (IPSFs) effect of LDH was slightly weakened by sodium fluoride (translation inhibitor) treatment of HB4C5. Moreover, the amount of intracellular IgM of monensin-treated HB4C5 cells was obviously enhanced by LDH. This result means that the IPSF effect of LDH is irrelevant to the post-translation activity of target cells. It is expected from these findings that LDH from rabbit muscle accelerates the translation step to enhance immunoglobulin productivity. The immunoglobulin production-stimulating activity of LDH was inhibited by colchicine, endocytosis inhibitor. This fact suggests that it is necessary for LDH to be taken by target cells to act as an IPSF.

Increase of immunoglobulin productivity of human-human hybridoma HB4C5 cells by histone

A histone mixture (H1, H2A, H2B, H3, and H4) derived from calf thymus stimulated IgM production by human-human hybridoma HB4C5 cells. On the contrary, the histone mixture did not increase IgM production by the human Burkitt's lymphoma cell line NAT-30, IgG production by the human B lymphoblastoid cell line HMy-2, and IgE production by the human myeloma cell line U266. The immunoglobulin production-stimulating activity of the histone mixture was inactivated by trypsin or chymotrypsin digestion. In addition, confocal laser microscopic analysis had shown that HB4C5 cells incorporated a lot of histone but other cell lines did not incorporate it as much. These facts strongly suggest that histone acts as an immunoglobulin production-stimulating factor (IPSF) after internalization into the human B cell lines and the native structure of histone is required for the IPSF activity.