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Hu X, Zhang D, Zeng Z, Huang L, Lin X, Hong S. Aptamer-Based Probes for Cancer Diagnostics and Treatment. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:life12111937. [PMID: 36431072 PMCID: PMC9695321 DOI: 10.3390/life12111937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Aptamers are single-stranded DNA or RNA oligomers that have the ability to generate unique and diverse tertiary structures that bind to cognate molecules with high specificity. In recent years, aptamer researches have witnessed a huge surge, owing to its unique properties, such as high specificity and binding affinity, low immunogenicity and toxicity, and simplicity of synthesis with negligible batch-to-batch variation. Aptamers may bind to targets, such as various cancer biomarkers, making them applicable for a wide range of cancer diagnosis and treatment. In cancer diagnostic applications, aptamers are used as molecular probes instead of antibodies. They have the potential to detect various cancer-associated biomarkers. For cancer therapeutic purposes, aptamers can serve as therapeutic or delivery agents. The chemical stabilization and modification strategies for aptamers may expand their serum half-life and shelf life. However, aptamer-based probes for cancer diagnosis and therapy still face several challenges for successful clinical translation. A deeper understanding of nucleic acid chemistry, tissue distribution, and pharmacokinetics is required in the development of aptamer-based probes. This review summarizes their application in cancer diagnostics and treatments based on different localization of target biomarkers, as well as current challenges and future prospects.
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He S, Zhong S, Meng Q, Fang Y, Dou Y, Gao Y, Cui X. Sonochemical preparation of folate-decorated reductive-responsive carboxymethylcellulose-based nanocapsules for targeted drug delivery. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 266:118174. [PMID: 34044962 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a biocompatible folate-decorated reductive-responsive carboxymethylcellulose-based nanocapsules (FA-RCNCs) were designed and prepared via sonochemical method for targeted delivery and controlled release of hydrophobic drugs. The shell of FA-RCNCs was cross-linked by disulfide bonds formed from hydrosulfuryl groups on the thiolated carboxymethylcellulose (TCMC) and encapsulated hydrophobic drug dispersed in the oil phase into nanocapsules. Moreover, the size and morphology of drug loaded FA-RCNCs were characterized by DLS, SEM and CLSM which indicated that the synthesized nanocapsules have suitable size range and excellent stability for circulating in the bloodstream. The drug release rate of FA-RCNCs could be controlled by adjusting their sizes and shell thickness, which could be dominated by the concentration of TCMC and sonochemical conditions. Furthermore, the obtained FA-RCNCs could be ingested into Hela cells via folate-receptor (FR)-mediated endocytosis and quickly release drugs under reductive environment, which demonstrated that FA-RCNCs could become potential hydrophobic drugs carries for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihao He
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, PR China
| | - Shuangling Zhong
- College of Resources and Environment, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, PR China
| | - Qingye Meng
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, PR China
| | - Yu Fang
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, PR China
| | - Yueming Dou
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, PR China
| | - Yan Gao
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, PR China
| | - Xuejun Cui
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, PR China.
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Bao WR, Li ZP, Zhang QW, Li LF, Liu HB, Ma DL, Leung CH, Lu AP, Bian ZX, Han QB. Astragalus Polysaccharide RAP Selectively Attenuates Paclitaxel-Induced Cytotoxicity Toward RAW 264.7 Cells by Reversing Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis. Front Pharmacol 2019; 9:1580. [PMID: 30804792 PMCID: PMC6378367 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 12/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine if an Astragalus polysaccharide (RAP) can protect immune cells from the toxic side effects of paclitaxel (Taxol), a powerful anti-tumor drug whose equally powerful side effects limit its clinical use. Methods: We hypothesized that RAP can reduce the toxic effects induced by Taxol. To test this hypothesis, we conducted a series of studies in vivo and in vitro. First, we confirmed RAP's effects in vivo utilizing BALB/c mice inoculated with 4T1 mouse breast cancer cells as the tumor model. Mice were treated with RAP and/or Taxol, and the differences in the life spans were recorded. Second, a co-culture cell model was used to study the protective effect of RAP on cells vis-a-vis Taxol. The cell cycle and apoptosis of RAW 264.7 cells that were treated with RAP with/without Taxol were checked by flow cytometry and Hoechst staining. Proteins involved in the cell cycle and apoptosis were also tested by Western blot to reveal the probable mechanism. Results: RAP prolonged the life span of tumor-bearing mice treated with Taxol. The in vitro experiments showed that Taxol suppressed the proliferation of RAW 264.7 cells while RAP protected the RAW 264.7 cells from Taxol-induced suppression. The protection is selective because RAP had no effect on 4T1 cells. Furthermore, Taxol clearly led to cell cycle arrest mainly at the G2/M phase and generated cytotoxicity against RAW 264.7 cells, while RAP blocked cell cycle arrest and protected cells from apoptosis. Taxol up-regulated the protein levels of P-H2A, PARP, Chk1, p53, and p21 and down-regulated Bcl-Xl and Mcl-1, and RAP reversed the expression of all these proteins. Conclusion: These results suggested that RAP can protect immune cells from Taxol-induced toxicity, by changing the cell cycle and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Rong Bao
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
| | - Zhi-Peng Li
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
| | - Quan-Wei Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
| | - Li-Feng Li
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
| | - Hong-Bing Liu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
| | - Dik-Lung Ma
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
| | - Chung-Hang Leung
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Ai-Ping Lu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
| | - Zhao-Xiang Bian
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
| | - Quan-Bin Han
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
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Ali AQ, Farah MA, Abou-Tarboush FM, Al-Anazi KM, Ali MA, Lee J, Hailan WAQ, Mahmoud AH. Cytogenotoxic effects of Adenium obesum seeds extracts on breast cancer cells. Saudi J Biol Sci 2018; 26:547-553. [PMID: 30899170 PMCID: PMC6408708 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2018.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Revised: 12/23/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The extracts prepared from various areal parts of the Adenium obesum (Forssk.) Roem. & Schult. (Family: Apocynaceae) including leaves, fruit and seeds ethanolic extracts and seed aqueous extract were evaluated against MCF-7 cells in order to investigate its potential of cytogenotoxicity and induction of apoptosis. The ethanolic seeds extract had comparatively higher cytotoxicity (IC50 ∼ 337 µg/ml). Further, apoptosis and DNA damaging potential of seeds ethanolic extract was analyzed by applying multiple sub-lethal concentrations and durations. Flow cytometry results revealed that maximum percentage of early apoptosis (37%) and late apoptosis (35%) were observed after 12 h exposure in concentrations 200 µg/ml and 300 µg/ml, respectively. Similarly, the higher effect of extract in terms of DNA damage by alkaline comet assay was registered after 12 h treatment at concentrations 200 and 300 µg/mL. The calculated total damage score (TDS) for these concentrations were 614 and 617, respectively. The above findings indicate that A. obesum ethanolic seeds extracts has cytogenotoxic properties that could be further explored for the potential source of chemotherapeutic lead against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Qasem Ali
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Abul Farah
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faisal M Abou-Tarboush
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid M Al-Anazi
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - M Ajmal Ali
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Joongku Lee
- Department of Environment and Forest Resources, Chungnam National University, Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Waleed A Q Hailan
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Hossam Mahmoud
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Nabavinia MS, Gholoobi A, Charbgoo F, Nabavinia M, Ramezani M, Abnous K. Anti-MUC1 aptamer: A potential opportunity for cancer treatment. Med Res Rev 2017; 37:1518-1539. [PMID: 28759115 DOI: 10.1002/med.21462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Revised: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Mucin 1 (MUC1) is a protein usually found on the apical surface of most normal secretory epithelial cells. However, in most adenocarcinomas, MUC1 is overexpressed, so that it not only appears over the entire cell surface, but is also shed as MUC1 fragments into the blood stream. These phenomena pinpoint MUC1 as a potential target for the diagnosis and treatment of cancer; consequently, interest has increased in MUC1 as a molecular target for overcoming cancer therapy challenges. MUC1 currently ranks second among 75 antigen candidates for cancer vaccines, and different antibodies or aptamers against MUC1 protein are proving useful for tracing cancer cells in the emerging field of targeted delivery. The unique properties of MUC1 aptamers as novel targeting agents, and the revolutionary role that MUC1 now plays in cancer therapy, are the focus of this review. Recent advancements in MUC1-targeted cancer therapy are also assessed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Sadat Nabavinia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Aida Gholoobi
- Department of Modern Sciences and Technologies, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fahimeh Charbgoo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Pharmaceutical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Ramezani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Nanotechnology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Khalil Abnous
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Au Ieong KI, Yang C, Wong CT, Shui AC, Wu TTY, Chen TH, Lam RHW. Investigation of Drug Cocktail Effects on Cancer Cell-Spheroids Using a Microfluidic Drug-Screening Assay. MICROMACHINES 2017. [PMCID: PMC6189953 DOI: 10.3390/mi8060167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Development of drugs based on potential anti-cancer chemotherapeutic agents has been hindered by its necessary tedious procedures and failure in the clinical trials because of unbearable toxicity and extremely low clinical efficacy. One of the technical challenges is the mismatch between laboratory settings and human body environments for the cancer cells responding upon treatments of the anti-cancer agents. This major limitation urges for applying more reliable platforms for evaluating drugs with a higher throughput and cell aggregates in a more natural configuration. Here, we adopt a microfluidic device integrated with a differential micromixer and multiple microwell-containing channels (50 microwells per channel) for parallel screening of suspending cell spheroids treated by drugs with different combinations. We optimize the culture conditions of the surfactant-coated microwells in order to facilitate the spheroid formation of the breast cancer cell line (MDA-MB-231). We propose a new drug cocktail combined with three known chemotherapeutic agents (paclitaxel, epirubicin, and aspirin) for the drug screening of the cancer cell-spheroids. Our results exhibit the differential responses between planar cell layers in traditional culture wells and cell-spheroids grown in our microfluidic device, in terms of the apoptotic rates under treatments of the drug cocktails with different concentrations. These results reveal a distinct drug resistance between planar cell layers and cell-spheroids. Together, this work offers important guidelines on applying the cell-spheroid microfluidic cultures for development of more efficacious anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka I. Au Ieong
- Department of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (K.I.A.I.); (C.Y.); (C.T.W.); (A.C.S.); (T.T.Y.W.); (T.-H.C.)
| | - Chengpeng Yang
- Department of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (K.I.A.I.); (C.Y.); (C.T.W.); (A.C.S.); (T.T.Y.W.); (T.-H.C.)
| | - Chin To Wong
- Department of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (K.I.A.I.); (C.Y.); (C.T.W.); (A.C.S.); (T.T.Y.W.); (T.-H.C.)
| | - Angelie C. Shui
- Department of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (K.I.A.I.); (C.Y.); (C.T.W.); (A.C.S.); (T.T.Y.W.); (T.-H.C.)
| | - Tom T. Y. Wu
- Department of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (K.I.A.I.); (C.Y.); (C.T.W.); (A.C.S.); (T.T.Y.W.); (T.-H.C.)
| | - Ting-Hsuan Chen
- Department of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (K.I.A.I.); (C.Y.); (C.T.W.); (A.C.S.); (T.T.Y.W.); (T.-H.C.)
- City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Raymond H. W. Lam
- Department of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (K.I.A.I.); (C.Y.); (C.T.W.); (A.C.S.); (T.T.Y.W.); (T.-H.C.)
- City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China
- Centre for Biosystems, Neuroscience, and Nanotechnology, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +852-3442-8577
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Wu Z, Chen K, Yildiz I, Dirksen A, Fischer R, Dawson PE, Steinmetz NF. Development of viral nanoparticles for efficient intracellular delivery. NANOSCALE 2012; 4:3567-76. [PMID: 22508503 PMCID: PMC3563001 DOI: 10.1039/c2nr30366c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Viral nanoparticles (VNPs) based on plant viruses such as Cowpea mosaic virus (CPMV) can be used for a broad range of biomedical applications because they present a robust scaffold that allows functionalization by chemical conjugation and genetic modification, thereby offering an efficient drug delivery platform that can target specific cells and tissues. VNPs such as CPMV show natural affinity to cells; however, cellular uptake is inefficient. Here we show that chemical modification of the CPMV surface with a highly reactive, specific and UV-traceable hydrazone linker allows bioconjugation of polyarginine (R5) cell penetrating peptides (CPPs), which can overcome these limitations. The resulting CPMV-R5 particles were taken up into a human cervical cancer cell line (HeLa) more efficiently than native particles. Uptake efficiency was dependent on the density of R5 peptides on the surface of the VNP; particles displaying 40 R5 peptides per CPMV (denoted as CPMV-R5H) interact strongly with the plasma membrane and are taken up into the cells via an energy-dependent mechanism whereas particles displaying 10 R5 peptides per CPMV (CPMV-R5L) are only slowly taken up. The fate of CPMV-R5 versus native CPMV particles within cells was evaluated in a co-localization time course study. It was indicated that the intracellular localization of CPMV-R5 and CPMV differs; CPMV remains trapped in Lamp-1 positive endolysosomes over long time frames; in contrast, 30-50% of the CPMV-R5 particles transitioned from the endosome into other cellular vesicles or compartments. Our data provide the groundwork for the development of efficient drug delivery formulations based on CPMV-R5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuojun Wu
- Department of Cell Biology and Chemistry, Center for Integrative Molecular Biosciences, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- Institute of Biology VII, Molecular Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen University, Worringer Weg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Kevin Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 10900 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH 44106-5056, USA
| | - Ibrahim Yildiz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 10900 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH 44106-5056, USA
| | - Anouk Dirksen
- Department of Cell Biology and Chemistry, Center for Integrative Molecular Biosciences, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Rainer Fischer
- Institute of Biology VII, Molecular Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen University, Worringer Weg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Philip E. Dawson
- Department of Cell Biology and Chemistry, Center for Integrative Molecular Biosciences, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Nicole F. Steinmetz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 10900 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH 44106-5056, USA
- Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 10900 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH 44106-5056, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 10900 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH 44106-5056, USA
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Roché H, De Benedictis E, Cottura E, Govi S, Dalenc F, Locatelli A, Deslandres M, Zambetti M, Gladieff L, Messina M, Gianni L. A Phase I Study of Ixabepilone in Combination With Epirubicin in Patients With Metastatic Breast Cancer. Clin Breast Cancer 2012; 12:167-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clbc.2012.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2011] [Revised: 03/08/2012] [Accepted: 03/16/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Artemisia absinthium (AA): a novel potential complementary and alternative medicine for breast cancer. Mol Biol Rep 2012; 39:7373-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-012-1569-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2011] [Accepted: 01/25/2012] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Flamant L, Notte A, Ninane N, Raes M, Michiels C. Anti-apoptotic role of HIF-1 and AP-1 in paclitaxel exposed breast cancer cells under hypoxia. Mol Cancer 2010; 9:191. [PMID: 20626868 PMCID: PMC3098009 DOI: 10.1186/1476-4598-9-191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2009] [Accepted: 07/13/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hypoxia is a hallmark of solid tumors and is associated with metastases, therapeutic resistance and poor patient survival. Results In this study, we showed that hypoxia protected MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells against paclitaxel- but not epirubicin-induced apoptosis. The possible implication of HIF-1 and AP-1 in the hypoxia-induced anti-apoptotic pathway was investigated by the use of specific siRNA. Specific inhibition of the expression of these two transcription factors was shown to increase apoptosis induced by chemotherapeutic agents under hypoxia indicating an involvement of HIF-1 and AP-1 in the anti-apoptotic effect of hypoxia. After HIF-1 specific inhibition and using TaqMan Human Apoptosis Array, 8 potential HIF-1 target genes were identified which could take part in this protection. Furthermore, Mcl-1 was shown to be a potential AP-1 target gene which could also participate to the hypoxia-induced chemoresistance. Conclusions Altogether, these data highlight two mechanisms by which hypoxia could mediate its protective role via the activation of two transcription factors and, consecutively, changes in gene expression encoding different anti- and pro-apoptotic proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lionel Flamant
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and cellular Biology (URBC), NARILIS - NAmur Research Institute for LIfe Sciences - FUNDP-University of Namur, 5000 Namur, Belgium
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Liu B, Han M, Sun RH, Wang JJ, Zhang YP, Zhang DQ, Wen JK. ABL-N-induced apoptosis in human breast cancer cells is partially mediated by c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase activation. Breast Cancer Res 2010; 12:R9. [PMID: 20096139 PMCID: PMC2880430 DOI: 10.1186/bcr2475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2009] [Revised: 12/20/2009] [Accepted: 01/25/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The present study was designed to determine the possibility of acetylbritannilactone (ABL) derivative 5-(5-(ethylperoxy)pentan-2-yl)-6-methyl-3-methylene-2-oxo-2,3,3a,4,7,7a-hexahydrobenzofuran-4-yl 2-(6-methoxynaphthalen-2-yl)propanoate (ABL-N) as a novel therapeutic agent in human breast cancers. Methods We investigated the effects of ABL-N on the induction of apoptosis in human breast cancer cells and further examined the underlying mechanisms. Moreover, tumor growth inhibition of ABL-N was done in xenograft models. Results ABL-N induced the activation of caspase-3 in estrogen receptor (ER)-negative cell lines MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468, as evidenced by the cleavage of endogenous substrate Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). Pretreatment of cells with pan-caspase inhibitor z-VAD-fmk or caspase-3-specific inhibitor z-DEVD-fmk inhibited ABL-N-induced apoptosis. ABL-N treatment also resulted in an increase in the expression of pro-apoptotic members (Bax and Bad) with a concomitant decrease in Bcl-2. Furthermore, c-Jun-NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase (p38) were activated in the apoptosis induced by ABL-N and JNK-specific inhibitor SP600125 and JNK small interfering RNA (siRNA) antagonized ABL-N-mediated apoptosis. However, the p38-specific inhibitor SB203580 had no effect upon these processes. Moreover, neither of the caspase inhibitors prevented ABL-N-induced JNK activation, indicating that JNK is upstream of caspases in ABL-N-initiated apoptosis. Additionally, in a nude mice xenograft experiment, ABL-N significantly inhibited the tumor growth of MDA-MB-231 cells. Conclusions ABL-N induces apoptosis in breast cancer cells through the activation of caspases and JNK signaling pathways. Moreover, ABL-N treatment causes a significant inhibition of tumor growth in vivo. Therefore, it is thought that ABL-N might be a potential drug for use in breast cancer prevention and intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, No,361, Zhongshan East Road, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
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12
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Kim JH, Lee SC, Ro J, Kang HS, Kim HS, Yoon S. Jnk signaling pathway-mediated regulation of Stat3 activation is linked to the development of doxorubicin resistance in cancer cell lines. Biochem Pharmacol 2009; 79:373-80. [PMID: 19766599 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2009.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2009] [Revised: 09/04/2009] [Accepted: 09/08/2009] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
We sought to identify altered transcription factors (Stat, AP1, and NF-kB) or signal proteins (Erk1/2, p38, Akt, Jnk, Jak, and c-Src) in cancer cell lines whose growth was arrested by doxorubicin (DOX) treatment. Jnk1 was the only signal protein to be activated. DOX increased Stat3 phosphorylation, nuclear localization, and transcriptional activity. Jnk1 activation appeared to be required for Stat3 activity. Stat3 activity via the Jnk pathway was conserved in other cell lines originating from other organs. Transcriptional activity of Stat3 was increased in cells surviving DOX treatment suggesting that Stat3 activation contributed to the resistance to cytotoxicity. To better understand the role of Stat3 in Jnk1 activation, we investigated its effect on the viability of DOX-treated cells. Co-treatment with DOX and Jnk inhibitor negatively correlated with the viability of cancer cells and reduced Stat3 activity. Taken together, these results indicate that Stat3 activation via the Jnk pathway promotes the resistance of cancer cells to DOX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Hwa Kim
- Research Institute, National Cancer Center, 809 Madu 1-dong, Ilsan-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 411-764, Republic of Korea
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Chow LWC, Loo WTY, Toi M. Current directions for COX-2 inhibition in breast cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2005; 59 Suppl 2:S281-4. [PMID: 16507393 DOI: 10.1016/s0753-3322(05)80046-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy is effective against breast cancer. COX-2 has been implicated in the progression and angiogenesis of cancers. Celecoxib, a cyclooxygenase type 2 (COX-2) inhibitor, has both apoptotic and antiangiogenic activities, and may be of use in treatment of breast tumors which overexpress the COX-2 enzyme. Preliminary clinical trials have shown that the combination of chemotherapy with celecoxib has minimal additional toxicity and it may enhance the effects of the chemotherapy. Beside chemotherapy, celecoxib may promulgate the effect of aromatase inhibitor in breast cancer cells. Animal studies have shown that there are fewer and smaller tumors treated by combining exemestane and celecoxib. Larger clinical trials should be initiated to study the potential anti-cancer effects of celecoxib in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- L W C Chow
- Department Hung Chao Hong Integrated Center for Breast Diseases, University of Hong Kong Medical Center, Pokfulam, China.
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Yeh KH, Lu YS, Hsu CH, Lin JF, Chao HJ, Huang TC, Chung CY, Chang CS, Yang CH, Cheng AL. Phase II study of weekly vinorelbine and 24-h infusion of high-dose 5-fluorouracil plus leucovorin as first-line treatment of advanced breast cancer. Br J Cancer 2005; 92:1013-8. [PMID: 15770209 PMCID: PMC2361932 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6602469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
We prospectively investigated the efficacy and safety of combining weekly vinorelbine (VNB) with weekly 24-h infusion of high-dose 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and leucovorin (LV) in the treatment of patients with advanced breast cancer (ABC). Vinorelbine 25 mg m−2 30-min intravenous infusion, and high-dose 5-FU 2600 mg m−2 plus LV 300 mg m−2 24-h intravenous infusion (HDFL regimen) were given on days 1 and 8 every 3 weeks. Between June 1999 and April 2003, 40 patients with histologically confirmed recurrent or metastatic breast cancer were enrolled with a median age of 49 years (range: 36–68). A total of 25 patients had recurrent ABC, and 15 patients had primary metastatic diseases. The overall response rate for the intent-to-treat group was 70.0% (95% CI: 54–84%) with eight complete responses and 20 partial responses. All 40 patients were evaluated for survival and toxicities. Among a total of 316 cycles of VNB–HDFL given (average: 7.9: range: 4–14 cycles per patient), the main toxicity was Gr3/4 leucopenia and Gr3/4 neutropenia in 57 (18.0%) and 120 (38.0%) cycles, respectively. Gr1/2 infection and Gr1/2 stomatitis were noted in five (1.6%) and 59 (18.7%) cycles, respectively. None of the patients developed Gr3/4 stomatitis or Gr3/4 infection. Gr2/3 and Gr1 hand–foot syndrome was noted in two (5.0%) and 23 (57.5%) patients, respectively. Gr1 sensory neuropathy developed in three patients. The median time to progression was 8.0 months (range: 3–25.5 months), and the median overall survival was 25.0 months with a follow-up of 5.5 to 45+ months. This VNB–HDFL regimen is a highly active yet well-tolerated first-line treatment for ABC.
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Affiliation(s)
- K H Yeh
- National Taiwan University Hospital, Taiwan
- National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taiwan
- Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Y S Lu
- National Taiwan University Hospital, Taiwan
- National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taiwan
| | - C H Hsu
- National Taiwan University Hospital, Taiwan
- National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taiwan
| | - J F Lin
- National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taiwan
| | - H J Chao
- National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taiwan
| | - T C Huang
- National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taiwan
| | | | | | - C H Yang
- National Taiwan University Hospital, Taiwan
- National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taiwan
| | - A L Cheng
- National Taiwan University Hospital, Taiwan
- National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taiwan
- National Health Research Institutes, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine and Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 7, Chung-Shan South Road, Taipei 100, Taiwan. E-mail:
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