1
|
Kovaříková V, Špirková A, Šefčíková Z, Pisko J, Kalatová L, Koppel J, Fabian D, Čikoš Š. Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) can affect physiological processes in preimplantation embryos via GABA A and GABA B receptors. Reprod Med Biol 2023; 22:e12528. [PMID: 37476368 PMCID: PMC10354355 DOI: 10.1002/rmb2.12528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Several widely used substances (e.g., some therapeutics or food supplements) can act on gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors, and we investigated whether the activation of these receptors could affect the preimplantation embryo. Methods Transcripts of all GABA receptor subunits and selected proteins were examined using quantitative RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. To analyze the effects of receptor activation, in vitro culture of mouse preimplantation embryos with natural and synthetic GABA receptor ligands was used. Results We detected nine GABA receptor transcripts in mouse blastocysts and 14 GABA receptor transcripts in ovulated oocytes. The results of this study indicate that ionotropic GABAA receptors can be formed from α5, β3, and γ3 (or δ, π) subunits, GABAA-ρ receptors can be formed from ρ2 subunits and metabotropic GABA receptors can be formed from GABAB1b and GABAB2 subunits in mouse blastocysts. Supplementing the culture medium with GABA at concentrations of 2-10 mM or with specific GABAA and GABAB receptor agonists (at concentrations of 10-100 μM) significantly increased the proportion of dead cells in blastocysts. The GABA-induced effects were prevented by pretreatment of embryos with GABAA and GABAB receptor antagonists. Conclusion The results of this study indicate that GABA and synthetic GABA receptor ligands can negatively affect preimplantation embryos via GABAA and GABAB receptors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Kovaříková
- Institute of Animal PhysiologyCentre of Biosciences of the Slovak Academy of SciencesKošiceSlovakia
| | - Alexandra Špirková
- Institute of Animal PhysiologyCentre of Biosciences of the Slovak Academy of SciencesKošiceSlovakia
| | - Zuzana Šefčíková
- Institute of Animal PhysiologyCentre of Biosciences of the Slovak Academy of SciencesKošiceSlovakia
| | - Jozef Pisko
- Institute of Animal PhysiologyCentre of Biosciences of the Slovak Academy of SciencesKošiceSlovakia
| | - Laura Kalatová
- Institute of Animal PhysiologyCentre of Biosciences of the Slovak Academy of SciencesKošiceSlovakia
| | - Juraj Koppel
- Institute of Animal PhysiologyCentre of Biosciences of the Slovak Academy of SciencesKošiceSlovakia
| | - Dušan Fabian
- Institute of Animal PhysiologyCentre of Biosciences of the Slovak Academy of SciencesKošiceSlovakia
| | - Štefan Čikoš
- Institute of Animal PhysiologyCentre of Biosciences of the Slovak Academy of SciencesKošiceSlovakia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kaewman P, Nudmamud-Thanoi S, Thongleart J, Charoenlappanit S, Roytrakul S, Thanoi S. Differential protein expression of GABA A receptor alpha 1 subunit and calbindin in rat spermatozoa associated with proteomic analysis in testis following methamphetamine administration. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0273888. [PMID: 36598915 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0273888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Methamphetamine (METH) can induce spermatogenesis impairment, testicular apoptosis, and abnormal sperm quality. It also promotes changes in the expression of receptors for sex hormones and neurotransmitters, including GABA receptors in the testis. Proteomic assessment focusing on proteins involved in the calcium signalling pathway in the testis can facilitate diagnostic factors contributing to testicular and sperm functions, especially those related to spermatogenesis and fertilisation. In this study, we proposed to determine the localisation and differential expression of GABA A receptor alpha 1 subunit (GABA A-α1) in the spermatozoa of METH-administered rats. The differential proteomic profile of the testis was also observed by focusing on proteins in the KEGG pathways belonging to the calcium signalling pathway. There were 212 differentially expressed proteins in the rat testis, based on the cut-off value of 1.2-fold change. Most of those proteins, 13 proteins, were classified in the calcium signalling pathway, including 4 down-regulated and 9 up-regulated proteins. An immunolocalisation study of the GABA A-α1 receptor and calbindin revealed their localisation in the equatorial segment of the head in the rat spermatozoa. The expression of calbindin is also found in the middle piece of sperm. An increase in GABA A-α1 receptor in rat spermatozoa was correlated with an increase in abnormal sperm motility and morphology after methamphetamine exposure. Moreover, calbindin expression in sperm decreased in METH-administered rats. All our findings demonstrate that METH influences intracellular calcium homeostasis by acting through the calcium signalling pathway-associated proteins. Moreover, it might disrupt ion homeostasis in sperm through the GABA A-α1 receptor and calbindin, triggering a change in intracellular calcium and chloride ions. These changes may cause abnormalities in spermatogenesis, testicular apoptosis, and sperm quality impairment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paweena Kaewman
- School of Medicine, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
| | - Sutisa Nudmamud-Thanoi
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
- Centre of Excellence in Medical Biotechnology, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
| | - Jitnapar Thongleart
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
| | - Sawanya Charoenlappanit
- Functional Ingredients and Food Innovation Research Group, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Sittiruk Roytrakul
- Functional Ingredients and Food Innovation Research Group, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Samur Thanoi
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kaewman P, Nudmamud-Thanoi S, Amatyakul P, Thanoi S. High mRNA expression of GABA receptors in human sperm with oligoasthenoteratozoospermia and teratozoospermia and its association with sperm parameters and intracytoplasmic sperm injection outcomes. Clin Exp Reprod Med 2021; 48:50-60. [PMID: 33648045 PMCID: PMC7943344 DOI: 10.5653/cerm.2020.03972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study investigated the mRNA expression of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors in the sperm of oligoasthenoteratozoospermic (OAT) and teratozoospermic (TER) men compared to normozoospermic (NOR) men, as well as the relationships between GABA receptor expression and sperm parameters, fertilization rate, and embryo quality. Methods The mRNA expression of GABA A-α1 and GABA B-R2 receptors in sperm was examined using reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction in three groups of patients: NOR (n=32), OAT (n=22), and TER (n=45). The fertilization rate and embryo quality were assessed in 35 patients undergoing intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI; 10 NOR, 10 OAT, and 15 TER men). Results OAT men had significantly higher mRNA expression of GABA A-α1 and GABA B-R2 receptors in sperm than NOR men; however, the difference between TER and NOR men was not significant. High levels of these receptors were significantly correlated with low sperm concentration, motility, and morphology, as well as the rate of good-quality embryos (GQEs) at the cleavage stage after ICSI. Patients whose female partners had a >50% GQE rate at the cleavage stage had significantly lower levels of GABA A-α1 receptor expression than those whose partners had a ≤50% GQE rate. Conclusion Our findings indicate that mRNA levels of GABA receptors in human sperm are correlated with poor sperm quality and associated with embryo development after ICSI treatment. The GABA A-α1 receptor in sperm has a stronger relationship with embryo quality at the cleavage stage than the GABA B-R2 receptor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paweena Kaewman
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand.,Centre of Excellence in Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
| | - Sutisa Nudmamud-Thanoi
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand.,Centre of Excellence in Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
| | - Patcharada Amatyakul
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand.,Naresuan Infertility Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
| | - Samur Thanoi
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand.,Centre of Excellence in Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Thanoi S, Roboon J, Nudmamud-Thanoi S. Recovery effect of pre-germinated brown rice on the changes of sperm quality, testicular structure and androgen receptor expression in a rat model of drug addiction. Int J Med Sci 2018; 15:921-928. [PMID: 30008605 PMCID: PMC6036098 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.26076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug addiction is reported to have adverse effects in male reproduction. Dextromethorphan (DXM) administration was used in this study as a model of addiction in rats, and various treatments including the use of pre-germinated brown rice (PGBR) were investigated for their effects on the changes of sperm quality, testicular structure and androgen receptor (AR) expressions in rats receiving DXM. The results demonstrated that these animals showed significant reduction in all parameters of sperm quality, an increase in abnormal testicular structure and decreased androgen receptor expression in spermatogenic, Sertoli and Leydig cells. However, different effects of the treatments applied in this study were observed with the greatest recovery effect from treatment with PGBR. Sperm motility and sperm concentration reverted to normal after treatment with PGBR for 60 days. Moreover, all parameters of testicular structure also returned to normal after 60 days of PGBR treatment, as well as AR expression in Sertoli and Leydig cells. Therefore, we have demonstrated that PGBR treatment can reverse the changes in sperm quality, testicular structure and AR expression in addicted animals and PGBR may be a novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of drug addiction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samur Thanoi
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand.,Centre of Excellence in Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
| | - Jureepon Roboon
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
| | - Sutisa Nudmamud-Thanoi
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand.,Centre of Excellence in Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ramírez-Reveco A, Villarroel-Espíndola F, Rodríguez-Gil JE, Concha II. Neuronal signaling repertoire in the mammalian sperm functionality. Biol Reprod 2017; 96:505-524. [PMID: 28339693 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.116.144154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2016] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The common embryonic origin has been a recurrent explanation to understand the presence of "neural receptors" in sperm. However, this designation has conditioned a bias marked by the classical neurotransmission model, dismissing the possibility that neurotransmitters can play specific roles in the sperm function by themselves. For instance, the launching of acrosome reaction, a fundamental sperm function, includes several steps that recall the process of presynaptic secretion. Unlike of postsynaptic neuron, whose activation is mediated by molecular interaction between neurotransmitter and postsynaptic receptors, the oocyte activation is not mediated by receptors, but by cytosolic translocation of sperm phospholipase (PLCζ). Thus, the sperm has a cellular design to access and activate the oocyte and restore the ploidy of the species by an "allogenic pronuclear fusion." At subcellular level, the events controlling sperm function, particularly the capacitation process, are activated by chemical signals that trigger ion fluxes, sterol oxidation, synthesis of cyclic adenosine monophosphate, protein kinase A activation, tyrosine phosphorylations and calcium signaling, which correspond to second messengers similar to those associated with exocytosis and growth cone guidance in neurons. Classically, the sperm function associated with neural signals has been analyzed as a unidimensional approach (single ligand-receptor effect). However, the in vivo sperm are exposed to multidimensional signaling context, for example, the GABAergic, monoaminergic, purinergic, cholinergic, and melatoninergic, to name a few. The aim of this review is to present an overview of sperm functionality associated with "neuronal signaling" and possible cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in their regulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Ramírez-Reveco
- Instituto de Ciencia Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Franz Villarroel-Espíndola
- Instituto de Bioquímica y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile.,Department of Pathology and Pediatric Pathology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Joan E Rodríguez-Gil
- Unitat de Reproducció Animal, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ilona I Concha
- Instituto de Bioquímica y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Xu W, Wang K, Chen Y, Liang XT, Yu MK, Yue H, Tierney ML. Sperm gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor delta subunit (GABRD) and its interaction with purinergic P2X 2 receptors in progesterone-induced acrosome reaction and male fertility. Reprod Fertil Dev 2017; 29:2060-2072. [PMID: 28190421 DOI: 10.1071/rd16294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanism underlying the non-genomic action of progesterone in sperm functions and related Ca2+ mobilisation remains elusive. Herein we report the expression of gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor delta subunit (GABRD) in human and rodent sperm and its involvement in mediating the progesterone-induced acrosome reaction. GABRD was localised in the sperm head/neck region. A δ(392-422)-specific inhibitory peptide against GABRD blocked the progesterone-induced acrosome reaction and the associated increase in intracellular Ca2+. Similarly, an inhibitory effect against both progesterone-induced Ca2+ influx and the acrosome reaction was observed with a P2X2 receptor antagonist. The lack of synergism between the GABRD and P2X2 inhibitors suggests that these two receptors are playing a role in the same pathway. Furthermore, a co-immunoprecipitation experiment demonstrated that GABRD could undergo protein-protein interactions with the Ca2+-conducting P2X2 receptor. This interaction between the receptors could be reduced following progesterone (10μM) inducement. Significantly reduced GABRD expression was observed in spermatozoa from infertile patients with reduced acrosome reaction capacity, suggesting that normal expression of GABRD is critical for the sperm acrosome reaction and thus male fertility. The results of the present study indicate that GABRD represents a novel progesterone receptor or modulator in spermatozoa that is responsible for the progesterone-induced Ca2+ influx required for the acrosome reaction through its interaction with the P2X2 receptor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenming Xu
- Joint Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, (Sichuan University), West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Renmin Lanlu, 3 duan, No.17, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Ke Wang
- Joint Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, (Sichuan University), West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Renmin Lanlu, 3 duan, No.17, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Yan Chen
- Joint Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, (Sichuan University), West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Renmin Lanlu, 3 duan, No.17, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Xiao Tong Liang
- Joint Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, (Sichuan University), West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Renmin Lanlu, 3 duan, No.17, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Mei Kuen Yu
- Epithelial Cell Biology Research Center, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Huanxun Yue
- Andrology clinic, Department of Obstetric and Gynecologic Diseases, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - M Louise Tierney
- Membrane Physiology and Ion Channel Signalling Group, Division of Translational Bioscience, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, Building 54, Ward and Garran Roads, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Fujinoki M, Takei GL. γ-Aminobutyric acid suppresses enhancement of hamster sperm hyperactivation by 5-hydroxytryptamine. J Reprod Dev 2016; 63:67-74. [PMID: 27773888 PMCID: PMC5320432 DOI: 10.1262/jrd.2016-091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Sperm hyperactivation is regulated by hormones present in the oviduct. In hamsters, 5-hydroxytryptamine (5HT) enhances hyperactivation associated with the
5HT2 receptor and 5HT4 receptor, while 17β-estradiol (E2) and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) suppress the association of the
estrogen receptor and GABAA receptor, respectively. In the present study, we examined the regulatory interactions among 5HT, GABA, and E2
in the regulation of hamster sperm hyperactivation. When sperm were exposed to E2 prior to 5HT exposure, E2 did not affect 5HT-enhanced
hyperactivation. In contrast, GABA partially suppressed 5HT-enhanced hyperactivation when sperm were exposed to GABA prior to 5HT. GABA suppressed 5HT-enhanced
hyperactivation associated with the 5HT2 receptor although it did not suppress 5HT-enhanced hyperactivation associated with the 5HT4
receptor. These results demonstrate that hamster sperm hyperactivation is regulated by an interaction between the 5HT2 receptor-mediated action of
5HT and GABA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masakatsu Fujinoki
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi 321-0293, Japan
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Roboon J, Nudmamud-Thanoi S, Thanoi S. Recovery effect of pre-germinated brown rice on the alteration of sperm quality, testicular structure and androgen receptor expression in rat model of depression. Andrologia 2016; 49. [PMID: 27108772 DOI: 10.1111/and.12596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Depression and antidepressant drugs induce adverse effects in male reproduction. Therefore, it is important to investigate alternative treatment for depression without adverse effects on the male reproductive system. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of pre-germinated brown rice (PGBR) on sperm quality, testicular structure and androgen receptor (AR) expression in rat model of depression. Male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into five groups including control (distilled water only), depression induced by forced swimming test (FST), FST + fluoxetine (antidepressant drug), FST + GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) (standard) and FST + PGBR. When compared with the control, sperm motility showed a significant decrease in FST + fluoxetine group. Sperm morphology also decreased significantly in depression and FST + fluoxetine groups. The morphological changes of seminiferous tubules showed significant increases in depression and FST + fluoxetine groups, while AR expression showed significant decreases in depression, FST + fluoxetine and FST + GABA groups. Interestingly, there were no significant differences in all sperm quality parameters, testicular structure and AR expression in FST + PGBR group. These findings reflect the recovery effects of PGBR treatment on sperm quality, morphological changes of seminiferous tubules and AR expression in stress-induced rats. Therefore, PGBR may potentially develop for the treatment for depression without adverse effect on male reproduction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Roboon
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
| | - S Nudmamud-Thanoi
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand.,Centre of Excellence in Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
| | - S Thanoi
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand.,Centre of Excellence in Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Beltrán C, Treviño CL, Mata-Martínez E, Chávez JC, Sánchez-Cárdenas C, Baker M, Darszon A. Role of Ion Channels in the Sperm Acrosome Reaction. SPERM ACROSOME BIOGENESIS AND FUNCTION DURING FERTILIZATION 2016; 220:35-69. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-30567-7_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
10
|
Takano K, Yatabe MS, Abe A, Suzuki Y, Sanada H, Watanabe T, Kimura J, Yatabe J. Characteristic expressions of GABA receptors and GABA producing/transporting molecules in rat kidney. PLoS One 2014; 9:e105835. [PMID: 25188493 PMCID: PMC4154856 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0105835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2014] [Accepted: 07/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is an important neurotransmitter, but recent reports have revealed the expression of GABAergic components in peripheral, non-neural tissues. GABA administration induces natriuresis and lowers blood pressure, suggesting renal GABA targets. However, systematic evaluation of renal GABAergic components has not been reported. In this study, kidney cortices of Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY) were used to assay for messenger RNAs of GABA-related molecules using RT-PCR. In WKY kidney cortex, GABAA receptor subunits, α1, β3, δ, ε and π, in addition to both types of GABAB receptors, R1 and R2, and GABAC receptor ρ1 and ρ2 subunit mRNAs were detected. Kidney cortex also expressed mRNAs of glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) 65, GAD67, 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase and GABA transporter, GAT2. Western blot and/or immunohistochemistry were performed for those molecules detected by RT-PCR. By immunofluorescent observation, co-staining of α1, β3, and π subunits was observed mainly on the apical side of cortical tubules, and immunoblot of kidney protein precipitated with π subunit antibody revealed α1 and β3 subunit co-assembly. This is the first report of GABAA receptor π subunit in the kidney. In summary, unique set of GABA receptor subunits and subtypes were found in rat kidney cortex. As GABA producing enzymes, transporters and degrading enzyme were also detected, a possible existence of local renal GABAergic system with an autocrine/paracrine mechanism is suggested.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kozue Takano
- Department of Pharmacology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Midori Sasaki Yatabe
- Department of Pharmacology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
- * E-mail: (MSY); (JY)
| | - Asami Abe
- Department of Pharmacology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Yu Suzuki
- Department of Pharmacology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Hironobu Sanada
- Division of Health Science Research, Fukushima Welfare Federation of Agricultural Cooperatives, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Watanabe
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension, Diabetology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Junko Kimura
- Department of Pharmacology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Junichi Yatabe
- Department of Pharmacology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension, Diabetology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
- * E-mail: (MSY); (JY)
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kon H, Takei GL, Fujinoki M, Shinoda M. Suppression of progesterone-enhanced hyperactivation in hamster spermatozoa by γ-aminobutyric acid. J Reprod Dev 2014; 60:202-9. [PMID: 24614320 PMCID: PMC4085384 DOI: 10.1262/jrd.2013-076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been recently shown that mammalian spermatozoa were hyperactivated by steroids, amines and amino acids. In the present study, we investigated whether hyperactivation of hamster sperm is regulated by progesterone (P) and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Although sperm hyperactivation was enhanced by P, GABA significantly suppressed P-enhanced hyperactivation in a dose-dependent manner. Suppression of P-enhanced hyperactivation by GABA was significantly inhibited by an antagonist of the GABAA receptor (bicuculline). Moreover, P bound to the sperm head, and this binding was decreased by GABA. Because the concentrations of GABA and P change in association with the estrous cycle, these results suggest that GABA and P competitively regulate the enhancement of hyperactivation through the GABAA receptor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroe Kon
- Laboratory Animal Research Center, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi 321-0293, Japan
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
GRAMAJO-BÜHLER MARÍACECILIA, ZELARAYÁN LILIANA, LÓPEZ LUIS ALBERTO, SÁNCHEZ-TORANZO GRACIELA. Acrosome Reaction in the Epididymal Sperm of Chinchilla lanigera. Effect of Progesterone, A23187 and Stimulation of a GABAA-Like Receptor. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 317:259-65. [DOI: 10.1002/jez.1718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2011] [Revised: 11/24/2011] [Accepted: 12/13/2011] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- MARÍA CECILIA GRAMAJO-BÜHLER
- Departamento de Biología del Desarrollo; Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas (INSIBIO); Chacabuco; San Miguel de Tucumán; Argentina
| | - LILIANA ZELARAYÁN
- Departamento de Biología del Desarrollo; Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas (INSIBIO); Chacabuco; San Miguel de Tucumán; Argentina
| | - ALBERTO LÓPEZ LUIS
- Instituto de Histología y Embriología; Facultad de Ciencias Medicas; Universidad Nacional de Cuyo; Parque Gral. San Martin; Mendoza; Argentina
| | - GRACIELA SÁNCHEZ-TORANZO
- Departamento de Biología del Desarrollo; Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas (INSIBIO); Chacabuco; San Miguel de Tucumán; Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
The protective effects of alpha-ketoacids against oxidative stress on rat spermatozoa in vitro. Asian J Androl 2009; 12:247-56. [PMID: 20010848 DOI: 10.1038/aja.2009.78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the effects of antioxidants, including alpha-ketoacids (alpha-ketoglutarate and pyruvate), lactate and glutamate/malate combination, against oxidative stress on rat spermatozoa. Our results showed that H(2)O(2) (250 micromol L(-1))-induced damages, such as impaired motility, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) depletion, inhibition of sperm protein phosphorylation, reduced acrosome reaction and decreased viability, could be significantly prevented by incubation of the spermatozoa with alpha-ketoglutarate (4 mmol L(-1)) or pyruvate (4 mmol L(-1)). Without exogenous H(2)O(2) in the medium, the addition of pyruvate (4 mmol L(-1)) significantly increased the superoxide anion (O(2)(-).) level in sperm suspension (P < or = 0.01), whereas the addition of alpha-ketoglutarate (4 mmol L(-1)) and lactate (4 mmol L(-1)) significantly enhanced tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins with the size of 95 kDa (P < or = 0.04). At the same time, alpha-ketoglutarate, pyruvate, lactate, glutamate and malate supplemented in media can be used as important energy sources and supply ATP for sperm motility. In conclusion, the present results show that alpha-ketoacids could be effective antioxidants for protecting rat spermatozoa from H(2)O(2) attack and could be effective components to improve the antioxidant capacity of Biggers, Whitten and Whittingham media.
Collapse
|
14
|
Dynamic regulation of glutamate decarboxylase 67 gene expression by alternative promoters and splicing during rat testis maturation. Mol Biol Rep 2009; 37:3111-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-009-9889-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2009] [Accepted: 10/02/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
15
|
Jin JY, Chen WY, Zhou CX, Chen ZH, Yu-Ying Y, Ni Y, Chan HC, Shi QX. Activation of GABAAReceptor/Cl−Channel and Capacitation in Rat Spermatozoa: HCO3−and Cl−are Essential. Syst Biol Reprod Med 2009; 55:97-108. [DOI: 10.1080/19396360802626648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
16
|
Liu H, Li S, Zhang Y, Yan Y, Li Y. Dynamic regulation of glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 gene expression in rat testis. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2009; 41:545-53. [PMID: 19578718 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmp043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Glutamate decarboxylase 65 (GAD65) produces gamma-aminobutyric acid, the main inhibitory neurotransmitter in adult mammalian brain. Previous experiments, performed in brain, showed that GAD65 gene possesses two TATA-less promoters, although the significance is unknown. Here, by rapid amplification of cDNA ends method, two distinct GAD65 mRNA isoforms transcribed from two independent clusters of transcription start sites were identified in post-natal rat testis. RT-PCR results revealed that the two mRNA isoforms had distinct expression patterns during post-natal testis maturation, suggesting that GAD65 gene expression was regulated by alternative promoters at the transcription level. By using GAD65-specific antibodies, western blotting analysis showed that the 58-kDa GAD65, N-terminal 69 amino acids truncated form of full-length GAD65 protein, was developmentally expressed during post-natal testis maturation, suggesting that GAD65 gene expression in testis may also be regulated by post-translational processing. Confocal immunofluorescence microscopy revealed that GAD65 protein was presented in Leydig cells of Day 1 testis, primary spermatocytes and spermatids of postnatal of Day 90 testis. The above results suggested that GAD65 gene expression is dynamically regulated at multiple levels during post-natal testis maturation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haixiong Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Andrology, Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Li S, Zhang Y, Liu H, Yan Y, Li Y. Identification and expression of GABACreceptor in rat testis and spermatozoa. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2008. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-7270.2008.00453.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
|
18
|
Vidal RL, Ramírez A, Castro M, Concha II, Couve A. Marlin-1 is expressed in testis and associates to the cytoskeleton and GABAB receptors. J Cell Biochem 2008; 103:886-95. [PMID: 17668444 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.21456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Marlin-1 is a GABA(B) receptor and Jak tyrosine kinase-binding protein that also associates with RNA and microtubules. In humans and rodents, expression of Marlin-1 is predominantly restricted to the brain, but expression in lymphoid cells has also been reported. Here, we have studied the distribution of Marlin-1 in testis and spermatozoa. Our results indicate that Marlin-1 is highly expressed in testis. The protein is abundant in spermatogonia, spermatocytes, spermatozoa, and Sertoli cells. We also have studied the subcellular distribution in spermatozoa. Marlin-1 is present in the tail and to a lesser degree in the head of the sperm cell. Finally, we have explored two protein interactions. Our findings demonstrate that Marlin-1 associates with a microtubule fraction and with GABA(B) receptors in testis suggesting that the set of protein interactions of Marlin-1 are conserved in different tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- René L Vidal
- Institute of Biochemistry, Universidad Austral de Chile, Isla Teja, Valdivia, Chile
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Sarang SS, Lukyanova SM, Brown DD, Cummings BS, Gullans SR, Schnellmann RG. Identification, coassembly, and activity of gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunits in renal proximal tubular cells. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2007; 324:376-82. [PMID: 17959749 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.107.129957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the properties and functions of GABA(A) receptors in the mammalian central nervous system have been well studied, the presence and significance of GABA(A) receptors in non-neural tissues are less clear. The goal of this study was to examine the expression of GABA(A) receptor alpha(1), alpha(2), alpha(4), alpha(5), beta(1), gamma(1), gamma(2), and delta subunits in the kidney and to determine whether these subunits coassemble to form an active renal epithelial cell GABA(A) receptor. Using reverse transcriptase products from RNA isolated from rat and rabbit kidney cortex and brain or cerebellum through polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing of the PCR products, we revealed that rat kidney cortex contained the alpha(1), alpha(5), beta(1), gamma(1), and gamma(2) subunits and that they were similar to the neuronal subunits. Sequencing of the PCR products revealed that the rabbit kidney cortex contained the alpha(1) and gamma(2) subunits and that they were similar to their neuronal counterparts. Immunoprecipitation and immunoblot studies using GABA(A) receptor subunit-specific antibodies and detergent-solubilized rat kidney cortex membranes identified a GABA(A) receptor complex containing alpha(5), beta(1), and gamma(1). Isolated rat renal proximal tubular cells exhibited GABA-mediated, picrotoxin-sensitive (36)Cl(-) uptake. These studies demonstrate the presence of numerous GABA(A) receptor subunits in the kidneys of two species, the assembly of the subunits into at least one novel receptor complex, and an active GABA(A) receptor in renal proximal tubular cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Satinder S Sarang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, 280 Calhoun St., POB 250140, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Chen WY, Ni Y, Pan YM, Shi QX, Yuan YY, Chen AJ, Mao LZ, Yu SQ, Roldan ERS. GABA, progesterone and zona pellucida activation of PLA2 and regulation by MEK-ERK1/2 during acrosomal exocytosis in guinea pig spermatozoa. FEBS Lett 2005; 579:4692-700. [PMID: 16098515 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2005.06.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2005] [Revised: 06/22/2005] [Accepted: 06/28/2005] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
We investigated whether GABA activates phospholipase A2 (PLA2) during acrosomal exocytosis, and if the MEK-ERK1/2 pathway modulates PLA2 activation initiated by GABA, progesterone or zona pellucida (ZP). In guinea pig spermatozoa prelabelled with [14C]arachidonic acid or [14C]choline chloride, GABA stimulated a decrease in phosphatidylcholine (PC), and release of arachidonic acid and lysoPC, during exocytosis. These lipid changes are indicative of PLA2 activation and appear essential for exocytosis since inclusion of aristolochic acid (a PLA2 inhibitor) abrogated them, along with exocytosis. GABA activation of PLA2 seems to be mediated, at least in part, by diacylglycerol (DAG) and protein kinase C since inclusion of the DAG kinase inhibitor R59022 enhanced PLA2 activity and exocytosis stimulated by GABA, whereas exposure to staurosporine decreased both. GABA-, progesterone- and ZP-induced release of arachidonic acid and exocytosis were prevented by U0126 and PD98059 (MEK inhibitors). Taken together, our results suggest that PLA2 plays a fundamental role in agonist-stimulated exocytosis and that MEK-ERK1/2 are involved in PLA2 regulation during this process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Ying Chen
- Zhejiang Academy of Medical Science, 310013 Hangzhou, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Meizel S. The sperm, a neuron with a tail: 'neuronal' receptors in mammalian sperm. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2005; 79:713-32. [PMID: 15682867 DOI: 10.1017/s1464793103006407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
A number of plasma membrane receptor types originally thought to be specific to neurons have been found in other somatic cells. More surprisingly, the mammalian sperm and neuron appear to share many of these 'neuronal' receptors. The morphology, chromosome number, genomic activity, and functions of those two cell types are as unlike as any two cells in the body, but they both achieve their highly disparate goals with the aid of a number of the same receptors. Exocytosis in neurons and sperm is essential to the functions of these cells and is strongly influenced by similar receptors. 'Neuronal' receptor types in sperm may also play a role in the control of sperm motility (a function of course not shared by neurons). This review will consider the evidence for the presence of sperm plasma membrane 'neuronal' receptors and for their significance to mammalian sperm function. The persuasiveness of the evidence varies depending on the receptor being considered, but there is strong experimental support for the presence and importance of a number of 'neuronal' receptors in sperm.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stanley Meizel
- Department of Cell Biology and Human Anatomy, University of California, Davis School of Medicine, Davis, California, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Lösel R, Dorn-Beineke A, Falkenstein E, Wehling M, Feuring M. Porcine spermatozoa contain more than one membrane progesterone receptor. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2005; 36:1532-41. [PMID: 15147732 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2004.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2003] [Revised: 12/16/2003] [Accepted: 01/06/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Progesterone has been shown to be a physiologically relevant inducer of the sperm acrosome reaction. A novel protein intrinsic to microsomal membranes, membrane progesterone receptor (mPR, now termed progesterone membrane receptor component 1, PGMRC1) that binds progesterone with high affinity has been cloned from porcine liver previously, and corresponding antibodies mitigate the progesterone induced acrosome reaction. In this study we aimed at the localization of mPR in porcine spermatozoa. Immunostaining suggested the exclusive occurrence of mPR in a hardly accessible place, possibly the inner acrosomal membrane, with digitonin dramatically increasing the number of positively stained cells. Consistent with the structure prediction for mPR, its short N-terminus (NT) but not the large C-terminal part becomes accessible from outside after digitonin treatment as evidenced by the staining pattern of antibodies directed against different regions of the protein. However, digitonin treatment solubilizes a progesterone binding activity of approximately 140 kDa molecular weight, that is different from mPR, which remains in the cell membrane as demonstrated by Western blotting. Ligand binding studies confirm the dissimilarity of mPR and the digitonin-soluble progesterone binding protein. Chemical modification studies also indicate that the digitonin-soluble progesterone binding protein has a binding site that differs from that of mPR. It is concluded that more than one progesterone receptor is present in porcine spermatozoa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ralf Lösel
- Faculty for Clinical Medicine Mannheim, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer, D-68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Li SF, Hu JH, Yan YC, Chen YG, Koide SS, Li YP. Identification and characterization of a novel splice variant of β3 subunit of GABAA receptor in rat testis and spermatozoa. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2005; 37:350-60. [PMID: 15474980 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2004.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2004] [Revised: 06/22/2004] [Accepted: 07/09/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Gamma-aminobutyric acid type A (GABA(A)) receptors are the major sites of inhibitory action of fast synaptic neurotransmission in the brain. Their receptors are also widely distributed in peripheral and endocrine tissues. A full-length cDNA encoding a novel splice variant of beta3 subunit of GABA(A) receptor, designated as beta3t, was identified in rat testis. This isoform contains a segment, having identical amino acid sequence as the beta3 subunit of neuronal GABA(A) receptors except for a section composed of 25 different amino acid sequence in the N-terminus. Northern blot shows that this isoform is found in rat testis. The beta3t isoform mRNA was detected in germ cells in the late step of spermatogenesis by in situ hybridization assay. Results of immunohistochemical and immunocytochemical assays indicate that the beta3t isoform is expressed in rat testis and spermatozoa. To determine a possible function of the N-terminal 25 amino acid segment, a recombinant plasmid of beta3t-EGFPC was constructed by fusing green fluorescent protein to the C-terminus of the beta3t isoform. The chimera product failed to be translocated unto the cell surface when expressed in HEK 293 cells; whereas, the beta3 subunit of rat brain is incorporated into the plasma membrane. In conclusion, the present results show that one variant of beta3 subunit of GABA(A) receptor, designated as beta3t, is found in germ cells of rat testis and sperm. The inability of the beta3t variant to target into the plasma membrane maybe a consequence of the unique 25 amino acid segment in the N-terminus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shi-feng Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, PR China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
He X, Zhang Y, Yan Y, Li Y, Koide SS. Identification of GABABR2 in rat testis and sperm. J Reprod Dev 2003; 49:397-402. [PMID: 14967916 DOI: 10.1262/jrd.49.397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
GABA is capable of mimicking and potentiating the action of progesterone in initiating the acrosome reaction (AR) of mammalian sperm. The GABA-initiated AR is mediated by GABA(A)R; whereas GABA(B)R1 protein found in rat testis and sperm tends to modify this process. Moreover, the occurrence of GABA(B)R2, a subunit essential for the formation of a functionally active GABA (B)R, in rat testis and sperm has not been established. In the present study, rat testis and sperm were analyzed for the presence of GABA(B)R2 transcript and protein by RT-PCR, Northern blot, Western blot and an indirect immunofluorescence technique. Northern blot shows that the transcript of testis GABA(B)R2 is shorter (~3.0 Kb) than that of the brain (~5.6 Kb). The full length testis GABA(B)R2 cDNA was prepared by RACE-PCR and found to be shorter by 2.2 Kb in the segment at the extreme terminus of 3'UTR of rat brain GABA(B)R2 but, the sequences corresponding to the open reading frame and 5'-UTR of rat testis GABA(B)R2 were found to be identical to those of rat brain. GABA(B)R2 protein isolated from rat epididymal sperm was slighter larger than those of rat testis and brain. It was principally localized in the acrosome region of the head of rat sperm by an indirect immunofluorescence technique. The present results establish that GABA(B)R2 protein is produced in rat testis and sperm and may play a role in GABA triggering of AR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobing He
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200-031, P.R. China
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Redecker P, Kreutz MR, Bockmann J, Gundelfinger ED, Boeckers TM. Brain synaptic junctional proteins at the acrosome of rat testicular germ cells. J Histochem Cytochem 2003; 51:809-19. [PMID: 12754292 DOI: 10.1177/002215540305100612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteins of the presynaptic exocytic machinery have been found associated with the acrosome of male germ cells, suggesting that the sperm acrosome reaction and neurotransmission at chemical synapses may share some common mechanisms. To substantiate this hypothesis, we studied the expression and ultrastructural localization of prominent pre- and postsynaptic protein components in rat testis. The presynaptic membrane trafficking proteins SV2 and complexin, the vesicular amino acid transporters VGLUT and VIAAT, the postsynaptic scaffolding protein ProSAP/Shank, and the postsynaptic calcium-sensor protein caldendrin, could be identified in germ line cells. Immunogold electron microscopy revealed an association of these proteins with the acrosome. In addition, evidence was obtained for the expression of the plasmalemmal glutamate transporters GLT1 and GLAST in rat sperm. The novel finding that not only presynaptic proteins, which are believed to be involved in membrane fusion processes, but also postsynaptic elements are present at the acrosome sheds new light on its structural organization. Moreover, our data point to a possible role for neuroactive amino acids in reproductive physiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Redecker
- Department of Anatomy 1, Medical School of Hannover, Hannover, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|