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Hashem MA, Hassan AEA, Abou-Elnaga HMM, Abdo W, Dahran N, Alghamdi AH, Elmahallawy EK. Modulatory effect of dietary probiotic and prebiotic supplementation on growth, immuno-biochemical alterations, DNA damage, and pathological changes in E. coli-infected broiler chicks. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:964738. [PMID: 36337201 PMCID: PMC9631445 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.964738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli is one of the principal causes of heavy economic losses to the poultry industry. Little is known about the underlying mechanisms, particularly the potential role of immunoglobulin A and the DNA damage, involving the beneficial effects of dietary supplementation of probiotics and prebiotics in avian colibacillosis. The current study investigated the potential effects of probiotic and prebiotic dietary supplementation on E. coli-infected broiler chicks. A total of 120 1-day-old unsexed Hubbard chicks were divided into six groups: Group 1 was considered as a negative control; Group 2 was supplemented with 1 g/kg feed of Lactobacillus plantarum; Group 3 was supplemented with amylase enzyme; Group 4 served as a positive control infected orally by E. coli O78; Group 5 was supplemented with L. plantarum from 1-day-old chicken and then infected orally with E. coli O78; and Group 6 was supplemented with amylase enzyme from 1-day old chicken and then infected orally with E. coli O78. For all examined groups, the experimental period lasted for 42 days. The E. coli-infected group revealed a decrease in body performance parameters with a significant increase in the liver enzymes and renal function tests. The same group recorded a significant decrease in serum total proteins, albumins, and globulins, and the alteration of immunological parameters, antioxidant enzymes, oxidative stress parameters, and comet assay revealed highly damaged DNA in the liver and the intestine. By histopathological examination, a series of histopathological changes in the liver, the kidney, and the intestine were observed. The infected chick pretreated with probiotics or prebiotics demonstrated an improvement in body performance parameters besides a significant decrease in the hepatic enzymes and renal function tests. We noticed that, in treated groups, there was a significant increase in serum total proteins in the serum albumin and globulin levels, immunological parameters, and antioxidant enzymes. Furthermore, DNA damage and histopathological changes within hepatic, renal, and intestinal tissues were markedly diminished in the treated groups compared with the infected group. We concluded that the adverse effects of E. coli could be modulated through the chemopreventive administration of probiotics and prebiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A. Hashem
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Azza E. A. Hassan
- Department of Biochemistry, Animal Health Institute, Mansoura, Egypt
| | | | - Walied Abdo
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt
| | - Naief Dahran
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali H. Alghamdi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Albaha University, Al Aqiq, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ehab Kotb Elmahallawy
- Department of Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
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Abd El-Ghany WA, Fouad H, Quesnell R, Sakai L. The effect of a postbiotic produced by stabilized non-viable Lactobacilli on the health, growth performance, immunity, and gut status of colisepticaemic broiler chickens. Trop Anim Health Prod 2022; 54:286. [PMID: 36083376 PMCID: PMC9463281 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-022-03300-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
This work was designed to evaluate the efficacy of a postbiotic compound produced by stabilized non-viable Lactobacilli on the health, growth performance, immunity, and gut status against Escherichia coli (E. coli) challenge of broiler chickens. A total of 400, day-old broiler chicks were allocated into 4 equal groups (1–4) consisting of 100; each assigned into 2 equal replicates (50 each). Chickens in the 1st group were received the dry form of the compound at doses of 1 kg and 0.5 kg/ton feed for starter and grower, and the finisher diets, respectively. Chickens in the 2nd group were given the aqueous form of the compound in a dose of 4 mL/L of the drinking water during the first 3 days of life and at a day before and after each vaccination. Feed and water treatment regimens were administered to chickens in the 3rd group. Group 4 was kept without treatment. Each bird in the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th group was challenged with E. coli (O78) at 1-week-old. All groups were kept under observation till 5-week-old. Statistical analysis included one-way ANOVA and other methods as described with significant differences at P ≤ 0.05. The results indicated that feed and water treatments with the postbiotic compound induced more significant (P ≤ 0.05) amelioration of a disease picture, enhancement of growth performance, boosting of immune response, improvement of bursa of Fabricius/body weight ratio, and reduction of intestinal coliform count in challenged chickens when compared with challenged non-treated chickens. In conclusion, the postbiotic compound either in a dry and/or an aqueous form is recommended for improving the health, performance, and immunity of colisepticaemic broiler chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wafaa A Abd El-Ghany
- Poultry Diseases Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt.
| | - H Fouad
- Promovet Egypt Trade, Cairo, Egypt
| | - R Quesnell
- Transagra International Inc., Storm Lake, USA
| | - L Sakai
- Transagra International Inc., Storm Lake, USA
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Jahanian E, Mahdavi A, Jahanian R. Silymarin improved the growth performance via modulating the microbiota and mucosal immunity in Escherichia coli-challenged broiler chicks. Livest Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2021.104529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Manafi M, Khalaji S, Hedayati M, Pirany N. Efficacy of Bacillus subtilis and bacitracin methylene disalicylate on growth performance, digestibility, blood metabolites, immunity, and intestinal microbiota after intramuscular inoculation with Escherichia coli in broilers. Poult Sci 2018; 96:1174-1183. [PMID: 28339520 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pew347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2015] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of Bacillus subtilis (BS) on broiler performance and health after intramuscular inoculation with E. coli and compare its effect with a growth promoter antibiotic. In a completely randomized design manner, 360 male Ross 308 chicks were divided into 6 treatments and 5 replicates of 12 chicks in each replicate. Experimental treatments included control diet, control + E. coli (0.5 mL of culture containing 108 CFU of E. coli/ml), control + 0.1% BS, control + 0.05% bacitracin methylene disalicylate (BMD), control + E. coli and BS, and control + E. coli and BMD in a factorial arrangement (3 × 2). Addition of BMD or BS to the control diet significantly (P < 0.01) increased body weight and decreased FCR, but E. coli challenge adversely reduced (P < 0.01) body weight and increased FCR, so that the addition of BMD or BS did not compensate growth reduction. E. coli challenged chicks had the lowest vaccine titers for ND, IB, AI, and IBD and the highest were observed in chicks fed BS. The E. coli challenge significantly (P < 0.01) increased albumin, globulin, cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL, ALT, and ALP indices. Addition of BMD and BS decreased albumin and globulin in challenged chick's plasma but had no effect on plasma lipid profile concentration. The E. coli challenge decreased villus height and increased crypt depth and goblet cell numbers significantly (P < 0.01). In birds subjected to BMD or BS, crypt depth decreased and villus height increased (P < 0.01), compared with the control diet. Challenge of E. coli significantly (P < 0.01) increased the bacterial population of E. coli, coliforms, and Salmonella in cecal parts of broilers' intestines. In challenged birds receiving BMD or BS, E. coli, coliform, and Salmonella populations of ceca showed a significant (P < 0.01) reduction. Both BMD and BS increased the digestibility of nutrients significantly (P < 0.01), but a reduction was observed in E. coli challenged groups. Results of the study suggest that spore-forming probiotics are partially effective in unsuitable rearing situations such as colibacillosis in which the load of harmful bacteria is high.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Manafi
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Malayer University, Malayer, 65719-95863, Iran
| | - S Khalaji
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Malayer University, Malayer, 65719-95863, Iran
| | - M Hedayati
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Malayer University, Malayer, 65719-95863, Iran
| | - N Pirany
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Shahrekord, Shahrekord, Iran
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Remus A, Hauschild L, Andretta I, Kipper M, Lehnen C, Sakomura N. A meta-analysis of the feed intake and growth performance of broiler chickens challenged by bacteria. Poult Sci 2014; 93:1149-58. [DOI: 10.3382/ps.2013-03540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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Dieguez S, Soraci A, Tapia O, Carciochi R, Pérez D, Harkes R, Romano O. DETERMINATION OF ANTIBIOTIC FOSFOMYCIN IN CHICKEN SERUM BY LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY-TANDEM MASS SPECTROMETRY. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2010.526873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Susana Dieguez
- a Laboratorio de Toxicología, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias UNCPBA , Tandil, Argentina
| | - Alejandro Soraci
- a Laboratorio de Toxicología, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias UNCPBA , Tandil, Argentina
| | - Ofelia Tapia
- a Laboratorio de Toxicología, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias UNCPBA , Tandil, Argentina
| | - Ramiro Carciochi
- a Laboratorio de Toxicología, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias UNCPBA , Tandil, Argentina
| | - Denisa Pérez
- a Laboratorio de Toxicología, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias UNCPBA , Tandil, Argentina
| | - Roberto Harkes
- b Bedson S.A., Las Palmeras 2240 , La Lonja, Pilar, Argentina
| | - Omar Romano
- b Bedson S.A., Las Palmeras 2240 , La Lonja, Pilar, Argentina
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Gutierrez L, Ocampo L, Rosario C, Sumano H. Pharmacokinetics of disodium fosfomycin in broilers and dose strategies to comply with its pharmacodynamics versus Escherichia coli. Poult Sci 2010; 89:2106-15. [DOI: 10.3382/ps.2010-00892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Zozaya DH, Gutiérrez OL, Ocampo CL, Sumano LH. Pharmacokinetics of a single bolus intravenous, intramuscular and subcutaneous dose of disodium fosfomycin in horses. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2008; 31:321-7. [PMID: 18638292 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2885.2008.00970.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Pharmacokinetic parameters of fosfomycin were determined in horses after the administration of disodium fosfomycin at 10 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg intravenously (IV), intramuscularly (IM) and subcutaneously (SC) each. Serum concentration at time zero (C(S0)) was 112.21 +/- 1.27 microg/mL and 201.43 +/- 1.56 microg/mL for each dose level. Bioavailability after the SC administration was 84 and 86% for the 10 mg/kg and the 20 mg/kg dose respectively. Considering the documented minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC(90)) range of sensitive bacteria to fosfomycin, the maximum serum concentration (Cmax) obtained (56.14 +/- 2.26 microg/mL with 10 mg/kg SC and 72.14 +/- 3.04 microg/mL with 20 mg/kg SC) and that fosfomycin is considered a time-dependant antimicrobial, it can be concluded that clinically effective plasma concentrations might be obtained for up to 10 h administering 20 mg/kg SC. An additional predictor of efficacy for this latter dose and route, and considering a 12 h dosing interval, could be area under the curve AUC(0-12)/MIC(90) ratio which in this case was calculated as 996 for the 10 mg/kg dose and 1260 for the 20 mg/kg dose if dealing with sensitive bacteria. If a more resistant strain is considered, the AUC(0-12)/MIC(90) ratio was calculated as 15 for the 10 mg/kg dose and 19 for the 20 mg/kg dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- D H Zozaya
- Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
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Gutierrez OL, Ocampo CL, Aguilera JR, Luna J, Sumano LH. Pharmacokinetics of disodium-fosfomycin in mongrel dogs. Res Vet Sci 2007; 85:156-61. [PMID: 17910966 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2007.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2007] [Revised: 06/12/2007] [Accepted: 08/21/2007] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Pharmacokinetic variables of fosfomycin were determined after administration of buffered disodium-fosfomycin intravenously (IV), intramuscularly (IM), subcutaneously (SC) and orally (PO), in mongrel dogs, at 40 and 80 mg/kgday for three days. Renal integrity was also assessed by measuring key serum variables. Day 1, day 2 and day 3 plasma concentration vs. time profiles were undistinguishable, but there appears to be a lineal increase in serum concentrations vs. time with the dose. A non-accumulative kinetic behavior was observed after three days with both doses and most pharmacokinetic variables remain unaltered. Considering a MIC range from 1 mirog/mL to 16 microg/mL of fosfomycin in serum for sensitive bacteria, and a negligible plasma protein binding of fosfomycin (<0.5%), useful plasma concentrations can only be achieved after the SC injection of 80 mg/kg every 12h, having a C(max)=18.96+/-0.3 microg/mL; a T(1/2beta)=2.09+/-0.06 microg/mL and a bioavailability of 84-85%. No alterations were observed in serum variables of kidney-related biochemical values.
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Affiliation(s)
- O L Gutierrez
- Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Avenida Universidad 3000, Coyoacán, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
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Sumano LH, Ocampo CL, Gutierrez OL. Intravenous and intramuscular pharmacokinetics of a single-daily dose of disodium-fosfomycin in cattle, administered for 3 days. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2007; 30:49-54. [PMID: 17217401 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2885.2007.00812.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Pharmacokinetic parameters of fosfomycin in cattle were determined after administration of buffered disodium fosfomycin either intravenously (i.v.) or intramuscularly (i.m.) at a dose of 20 mg/kg/day for 3 days. Calculated concentrations at time zero and maximum serum concentrations were 34.42 and 10.18 mug/mL, respectively. The variables determined, the elimination half-life of the drug remained unchanged during the 3 days ( = 1.33 +/- 0.3 h for the i.v. route and = 2.17 +/- 0.4 h for the i.m. route). Apparent volumes of distribution suggest moderated distribution out of the central compartment (V(darea) = 673 mL +/- 27 mL/kg and V(dss) = 483 +/- 11 mL/kg). Bioavailability after i.m. administration was 74.52%. Considering fosfomycin as a time-dependent antibacterial drug, plasma concentration vs. time profiles obtained in this study, suggest that clinically effective plasma concentrations of fosfomycin could be obtained for up to 8 h following i.v. administration and approximately 10 h after i.m. injection of 20 mg/kg, for susceptible bacteria. In addition to residue studies in milk and edible tissues, a series of clinical assessments, using fosfomycin at 20 mg/kg b.i.d. or t.i.d. are warranted before this antibacterial drug should be considered for use in cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- L H Sumano
- Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán, México City, México.
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