Haemophilus influenzae acute pyelonephritis in the elderly

Haemophilus influenzae septicaemia and urinary tract infection associated with nefrocalcinosis: case report

Haemophilus influenzae is an uncommon uropathogen with fastidious growth requirements, which must be taken into consideration in the diagnostic process. We present a rare case of urosepsis with H. influenzae in a young patient with nefrocalcinosis.

Nontypable Haemophilus influenzae Septicemia and Urinary Tract Infection Associated with Renal Stone Disease

Introduction:

Haemophilus influenzae commonly causes upper respiratory tract infections and has only rarely been reported etiology of urinary tract infections. Since the introduction of the Haemophilus influenzae b (Hib) vaccine, non-typable haemophilus species now cause the majority of invasive disease in Europe.

Case Report:

We report a case of an adult man with non-typable Haemophilus influenzae septicemia, urinary tract infection and bilateral renal stone disease. The patient presented with right sided flank pain and a CT scan showed bilateral renal stones and a right sided ureteral stone causing obstruction.

Results and Discussion:

Haemophilus influenzae was identified in blood and urine and despite a tendency of increasing antibiotic resistance among Haemophilus influenzae, our strain was susceptible to all antibiotics tested. Treatment consisted of 3 days of intravenous cefuroxime, insertion of a right sided JJ ureteric stent and 5 days of peroral ciprofloxacin after discharge. Physicians and microbiologists should be aware of Haemophilus influenzae as a possible urinary tract pathogen, especially when urinary tract abnormalities are present, and take the risk of antibiotic resistance into consideration at initial treatment.

Haemophilus Species as a Urinary Tract Pathogen

Haemophilus species, as a urinary tract pathogen, is rarely encountered. Routine urine culture pathogens are well documented to include Enterobacteriaciae, Enterococcus spp., Staphylococcus spp., Pseudomonas spp., and Candida spp. Pathogens encountered rarely in this context may include Corynebacterium ureolyticus and nonfermenting gram negative bacilli. This case study involves the finding of Haemophilus influenzae in a urine culture performed on a 4-year-old Caucasian girl and Haemophilus parinfluenzae in a 60-year-old African American man with pyelonephritis. Visualization of satellite colonies on blood agar was a key factor in finding H. influenza Awareness of the previous presence of Haemophilus spp. in a urine culture was instrumental in our finding of H. parainfluenzae 3 weeks later. These cases raise the question of how often Haemophilus spp. occur as urinary tract pathogens and under what circumstances one should actively perform cultures for them.

Bacteremic renal stone-associated urinary tract infection caused by nontypable Haemophilus influenzae: A rare invasive disease in an immunocompetent patient

Haemophilus species are known to colonize the upper respiratory tract and can cause infections. However Haemophilus influenzae has been rarely described as a cause of genitourinary tract infection. We report a 44-year-old nonimmunocompromised Japanese man with bacteremic pyelonephritis caused by a nontypable H. influenzae associated with a left ureteral calculus. The organism was isolated from both blood and urine cultures. Treatment consisted of 14 days of intravenous ceftriaxone and oral amoxicillin one after than other and insertion of a left ureteral stent. After discharge, he underwent extracorporeal shock wave lithotrity for the left ureteral calculus. He had no recrudescence of the symptoms. H. influenzae should be considered as a genitourinary pathogen among patients with certain risk factors such as anatomical or functional abnormality of genitourinary tract. Collaboration between clinicians and microbiology laboratory personnel is essential for correct identification of the organism and appropriate therapy for genitourinary tract infections due to this organism.

Clinical significance and characterization of Haemophilus influenzae type b genogroup isolates from urine samples in an adult male population

The occurrence and significance of Haemophilus spp. isolated from the genitourinary tract are not well known. Herein, we describe the clinical significance and characteristics of Haemophilus influenzae type b genogroup strains isolated from genitourinary tract specimens from an adult male veteran patient population and, in particular, their associations with prostatitis and epididymitis.