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A review on various analytical methods for determination of anthracyclines and their metabolites as anti–cancer chemotherapy drugs in different matrices over the last four decades. Trends Analyt Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2020.115991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Li C, Wu H, Yang Y, Liu J, Chen Z. Sesquiterpene lactone 6-O-angeloylplenolin reverses vincristine resistance by inhibiting YB-1 nuclear translocation in colon carcinoma cells. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:9673-9680. [PMID: 29928343 PMCID: PMC6004700 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2017] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Multidrug resistance (MDR) is a major obstacle to cancer chemotherapy efficacy. In the present study, 6-O-angeloylplenolin repressed the overexpression of ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1 (MDR1) and increasing the intracellular concentration of anticancer drugs. A reduction in P-glycoprotein expression (encoded by MDR1) was observed in parallel with a decline in mRNA expression in vincristine-resistant HCT (HCT-8/VCR) cells treated with 6-O-angeloylplenolin. In addition, 6-O-angeloylplenolin suppressed the activity of the MDR1 gene promoter. Treatment with 6-O-angeloylplenolin also decreased the amount of the specific protein complex that interacted with the MDR1 gene promoter in HCT-8/VCR cells, potentially leading to the suppression of MDR1 expression. Treatment with 6-O-angeloylplenolin inhibited the nuclear translocation of Y-box binding protein-1 in HCT-8/VCR cells treated with 6-O-angeloylplenolin, contributing to the negative regulation of MDR1. Finally, 6-O-angeloylplenolin reversed VCR resistance in an HCT/VCR xenograft model. In conclusion, 6-O-angeloylplenolin exhibited a MDR-reversing effect by downregulating MDR1 expression and could represent a novel adjuvant agent for chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changlong Li
- School of Basic Medical Science, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P.R. China.,School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P.R. China
| | - Hezhen Wu
- Key Laboratory of Resources and Chemistry of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei 430061, P.R. China
| | - Yanfang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Resources and Chemistry of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei 430061, P.R. China
| | - Jianwen Liu
- School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P.R. China
| | - Zhenwen Chen
- School of Basic Medical Science, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P.R. China
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Protection of dietary polyphenols against oral cancer. Nutrients 2013; 5:2173-91. [PMID: 23771133 PMCID: PMC3725499 DOI: 10.3390/nu5062173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2013] [Revised: 04/24/2013] [Accepted: 05/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral cancer represents a health burden worldwide with approximate 275,000 new cases diagnosed annually. Its poor prognosis is due to local tumor invasion and frequent lymph node metastasis. Better understanding and development of novel treatments and chemo-preventive approaches for the preventive and therapeutic intervention of this type of cancer are necessary. Recent development of dietary polyphenols as cancer preventives and therapeutic agents is of great interest due to their antioxidant and anti-carcinogenic activities. Polyphenols may inhibit carcinogenesis in the stage of initiation, promotion, or progression. In particular, dietary polyphenols decrease incidence of carcinomas and exert protection against oral cancer by induction of cell death and inhibition of tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis. In this review, we discuss current progress of dietary polyphenols against oral cancers in vitro, in vivo, and at population levels.
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Wang H, Zhao L, Zhu LT, Wang Y, Pan D, Yao J, You QD, Guo QL. Wogonin reverses hypoxia resistance of human colon cancer HCT116 cells via downregulation of HIF-1α and glycolysis, by inhibiting PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Mol Carcinog 2013; 53 Suppl 1:E107-18. [DOI: 10.1002/mc.22052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2013] [Revised: 04/08/2013] [Accepted: 05/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hu Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing China
| | - Li Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing China
| | - Li-Tao Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing China
| | - Yu Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing China
| | - Di Pan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing China
| | - Jing Yao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing China
| | - Qi-Dong You
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing China
| | - Qing-Long Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing China
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5
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Zhou S, Ye W, Duan X, Zhang M, Wang J. The noncytotoxic dose of sorafenib sensitizes Bel-7402/5-FU cells to 5-FU by down-regulating 5-FU-induced Nrf2 expression. Dig Dis Sci 2013; 58:1615-26. [PMID: 23314856 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-012-2537-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2012] [Accepted: 12/20/2012] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acquired resistance to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) is a serious therapeutic obstacle in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. AIM To investigate whether nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) was associated with drug resistance in 5-FU resistant Bel-7402 (Bel-7402/5-FU) cells, and if sorafenib, an oral multikinase inhibitor targeting the tumor and vasculature, could reverse drug resistance in Bel-7402/5-FU cells at the noncytotoxic dosage. METHODS We used MTT to detect the resistance reversal activity of sorafenib, compared Nrf2 expression in various conditions by western blot and qRT-PCR, and analyzed subcellular localization of Nrf2 by immunofluorescence. RESULTS The endogenous expression of Nrf2 in Bel-7402/5-FU cells was similar to that observed in Bel-7402 cells. However, Nrf2 expression levels were increased by 5-FU treatment in Bel-7402/5-FU cells higher than that in Bel-7402 cells, which is to highlight the Nrf2 contribution to the enhanced resistance of Bel-7402/5-FU cells to 5-FU. Moreover, intracellular Nrf2 protein level was significantly down-regulated by Nrf2-shRNA in Bel-7402/5-FU cells, resulting in partial reversal of 5-FU resistance. Sorafenib down-regulated the increased expression of Nrf2 induced by 5-FU treatment and partly reversed 5-FU resistance in Bel-7402/5-FU cells. CONCLUSIONS These results suggested that more sensitive cell defense mediated by Nrf2 was associated with drug resistance of Bel-7402/5-FU cells. Sorafenib reversed drug resistance, and its reversal mechanism might be due to the suppression of Nrf2 expression induced by 5-FU, indicating the feasibility of using Nrf2 inhibitors to increase efficacy of chemotherapeutic drugs in HCC patients.
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MESH Headings
- Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic/pharmacology
- Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic/therapeutic use
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Blotting, Western
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/metabolism
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Down-Regulation
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/drug effects
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/physiology
- Fluorescent Antibody Technique
- Fluorouracil/pharmacology
- Fluorouracil/therapeutic use
- Humans
- Liver Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Liver Neoplasms/metabolism
- Multidrug Resistance-Associated Proteins/metabolism
- NF-E2-Related Factor 2/metabolism
- Niacinamide/analogs & derivatives
- Niacinamide/pharmacology
- Niacinamide/therapeutic use
- Phenylurea Compounds/pharmacology
- Phenylurea Compounds/therapeutic use
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/therapeutic use
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Sorafenib
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Affiliation(s)
- Suna Zhou
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Yanta West Road No. 277, Shaanxi, 710061, China
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Vinod BS, Maliekal TT, Anto RJ. Phytochemicals as chemosensitizers: from molecular mechanism to clinical significance. Antioxid Redox Signal 2013; 18:1307-48. [PMID: 22871022 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2012.4573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This review provides an overview of the clinical relevance of chemosensitization, giving special reference to the phenolic phytochemicals, curcumin, genistein, epigallocatechin gallate, quercetin, emodin, and resveratrol, which are potential candidates due to their ability to regulate multiple survival pathways without inducing toxicity. We also give a brief summary of all the clinical trials related to the important phytochemicals that emerge as chemosensitizers. The mode of action of these phytochemicals in regulating the key players of the death receptor pathway and multidrug resistance proteins is also abridged. Rigorous efforts in identifying novel chemosensitizers and unraveling their molecular mechanism have resulted in some of the promising candidates such as curcumin, genistein, and polyphenon E, which have gone into clinical trials. Even though considerable research has been conducted in identifying the salient molecular players either contributing to drug efflux or inhibiting DNA repair and apoptosis, both of which ultimately lead to the development of chemoresistance, the interdependence of the molecular pathways leading to chemoresistance is still the impeding factor in the success of chemotherapy. Even though clinical trials are going on to evaluate the chemosensitizing efficacy of phytochemicals such as curcumin, genistein, and polyphenon E, recent results indicate that more intense study is required to confirm their clinical efficacy. Current reports also warrant intense investigation about the use of more phytochemicals such as quercetin, emodin, and resveratrol as chemosensitizers, as all of them have been shown to modulate one or more of the key regulators of chemoresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balachandran S Vinod
- Cancer Research Program, Division of Cancer Research, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, India
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7
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Wink M, Ashour ML, El-Readi MZ. Secondary Metabolites from Plants Inhibiting ABC Transporters and Reversing Resistance of Cancer Cells and Microbes to Cytotoxic and Antimicrobial Agents. Front Microbiol 2012; 3:130. [PMID: 22536197 PMCID: PMC3332394 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2012.00130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2012] [Accepted: 03/19/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Fungal, bacterial, and cancer cells can develop resistance against antifungal, antibacterial, or anticancer agents. Mechanisms of resistance are complex and often multifactorial. Mechanisms include: (1) Activation of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters, such as P-gp, which pump out lipophilic compounds that have entered a cell, (2) Activation of cytochrome p450 oxidases which can oxidize lipophilic agents to make them more hydrophilic and accessible for conjugation reaction with glucuronic acid, sulfate, or amino acids, and (3) Activation of glutathione transferase, which can conjugate xenobiotics. This review summarizes the evidence that secondary metabolites (SM) of plants, such as alkaloids, phenolics, and terpenoids can interfere with ABC transporters in cancer cells, parasites, bacteria, and fungi. Among the active natural products several lipophilic terpenoids [monoterpenes, diterpenes, triterpenes (including saponins), steroids (including cardiac glycosides), and tetraterpenes] but also some alkaloids (isoquinoline, protoberberine, quinoline, indole, monoterpene indole, and steroidal alkaloids) function probably as competitive inhibitors of P-gp, multiple resistance-associated protein 1, and Breast cancer resistance protein in cancer cells, or efflux pumps in bacteria (NorA) and fungi. More polar phenolics (phenolic acids, flavonoids, catechins, chalcones, xanthones, stilbenes, anthocyanins, tannins, anthraquinones, and naphthoquinones) directly inhibit proteins forming several hydrogen and ionic bonds and thus disturbing the 3D structure of the transporters. The natural products may be interesting in medicine or agriculture as they can enhance the activity of active chemotherapeutics or pesticides or even reverse multidrug resistance, at least partially, of adapted and resistant cells. If these SM are applied in combination with a cytotoxic or antimicrobial agent, they may reverse resistance in a synergistic fashion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Wink
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University Heidelberg, Germany
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OU BN, LIAO ZZ, LIANG G, TANG AZ. Synthesis and Reversal Activity of Multidrug Resistance of Hepatocellular Carcinoma of (−)-Epigallocatechin Gallate Analogues. Chin J Nat Med 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(11)60064-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Yang HY, Zhao L, Yang Z, Zhao Q, Qiang L, Ha J, Li ZY, You QD, Guo QL. Oroxylin a reverses multi-drug resistance of human hepatoma BEL7402/5-FU cells via downregulation of P-glycoprotein expression by inhibiting NF-κB signaling pathway. Mol Carcinog 2011; 51:185-95. [DOI: 10.1002/mc.20789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2010] [Revised: 03/31/2011] [Accepted: 04/05/2011] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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EGCG, green tea polyphenols and their synthetic analogs and prodrugs for human cancer prevention and treatment. Adv Clin Chem 2011; 53:155-77. [PMID: 21404918 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-385855-9.00007-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cancer-preventive effects of tea polyphenols, especially epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), have been demonstrated by epidemiological, preclinical, and clinical studies. Green tea polyphenols such as EGCG have the potential to affect multiple biological pathways, including gene expression, growth factor-mediated pathways, the mitogen-activated protein kinase-dependent pathway, and the ubiquitin/proteasome degradation pathway. Therefore, identification of the molecular targets of EGCG should greatly facilitate a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying its anticancer and cancer-preventive activities. Performing structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies could also greatly enhance the discovery of novel tea polyphenol analogs as potential anticancer and cancer-preventive agents. In this chapter, we review the relevant literature as it relates to the effects of natural and synthetic green tea polyphenols and EGCG analogs on human cancer cells and their potential molecular targets as well as their antitumor effects. We also discuss the implications of green tea polyphenols in cancer prevention.
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Pérez-Sayáns M, Somoza-Martín JM, Barros-Angueira F, Diz PG, Rey JMG, García-García A. Multidrug resistance in oral squamous cell carcinoma: The role of vacuolar ATPases. Cancer Lett 2010; 295:135-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2010.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2009] [Revised: 03/23/2010] [Accepted: 03/25/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Granados-Principal S, Quiles JL, Ramirez-Tortosa CL, Sanchez-Rovira P, Ramirez-Tortosa MC. New advances in molecular mechanisms and the prevention of adriamycin toxicity by antioxidant nutrients. Food Chem Toxicol 2010; 48:1425-38. [PMID: 20385199 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2010.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2009] [Revised: 03/29/2010] [Accepted: 04/06/2010] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Anthracyclines (doxorubicin, daunorubicin, epirubicin, and idarubicin) are currently the most effective group of anti-neoplastic drugs used in clinical practice. Of these, doxorubicin (also called adriamycin) is a key chemotherapeutic agent in cancer treatment, although its use is limited as a consequence of the chronic and acute toxicity associated with this drug. The molecular mechanisms of doxorubicin account for both the anti-cancer and the toxic side effects. Many antioxidants have been assayed, with positive or negative results, to prevent the toxicity of doxorubicin. The present review has two main goals: (1) to report the latest findings regarding the molecular mechanisms of doxorubicin toxicity; (2) to update our understanding of the role of natural antioxidants in preventive therapy against doxorubicin-induced toxicity. This review provides new evidence for the chemoprevention of doxorubicin toxicity, making use of natural antioxidants - in particular vitamin E, vitamin C, coenzyme Q, carotenoids, vitamin A, flavonoids, polyphenol, resveratrol, antioxidant from virgin olive oil and selenium - and offers new insights into the molecular mechanisms of doxorubicin toxicity with respect to DNA damage, free radicals and other parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Granados-Principal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology José Mataix Verdú, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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13
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EGCG reducing the susceptibility to cholesterol gallstone formation through the regulation of inflammation. Biomed Pharmacother 2008; 62:677-83. [PMID: 18374538 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2007.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2007] [Accepted: 12/18/2007] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to investigate whether (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) can reduce the susceptibility to cholesterol gallstone formation in vivo, cholesterol gallstones mouse model was established with lithogenic diet. Compared with the Model group, the administration of EGCG (40 mg kg(-1)d(-1) and 80 mg kg(-1)d(-1), i.g., respectively) significantly reduced the gallstone formation rates and the serum lipid levels, also maintained the body weight at a relatively low level. Results of the microarray profiling assay showed the anti-inflammation effect of EGCG underlying affecting the hepatic metabolic pathway of cholesterol. Additionally, the expression of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) was down-regulated and the expression of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) was up-regulated after the treatment of EGCG. Also, the expression of CYP7A1 was up-regulated after the treatment of EGCG. In conclusion, the findings of this study implied that EGCG can effectively reduce the susceptibility to cholesterol gallstone formation through the regulation of inflammation.
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The synergistic inhibitory effect of somatostatin-doxorubicin co-treatment on gallbladder carcinoma. BMC Cancer 2007; 7:125. [PMID: 17617924 PMCID: PMC1931603 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-7-125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2006] [Accepted: 07/08/2007] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gallbladder cancer is the most common billiary tract malignancy and carries a very poor prognosis. Somatostatin was recently shown to play an important role in the development of various tumors. In the current study, we evaluated the effect of doxorubicin on the chemosensitivity of gallbladder cancer cells and xenograft growth after treatment with somatostatin. METHODS Twenty-four hours after somatostatin treatment, doxorubicin was gradually added and the growth curve of gallbladder cancer cells was determined. Exponential-phase gallbladder cancer cells were treated with doxorubicine or co-treated with doxorubicine and somastatine and the respective IC50 values were determined. In addition, the inhibitory effect on the growth of gallbladder cancer xenograft on nude mice was evaluated using the same treatments as those described above. RESULTS Treatment of gallbladder cancer cells with somatostatin led to a block in the cell cycle at the S phase. Growth inhibition of gallbladder cancer cells by doxorubicin was concentration-dependent (P < 0.05). However, upon co-treatment with doxorubicin and somatostatin, the IC50 value significantly decreased as compared to that of cells treated with doxorubicine alone (P < 0.05). Interestingly, treatment with either doxorubicin or somatostatin did not significantly inhibit xenograft growth on nude mice, in contrast to a co-treatment with both drugs (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Somatostatin most likely sensitizes the chemotherapeutic effect and diminishes the cytotoxicity of doxorubicin in a gallbladder cancer cell line and in mouse gallbladder cancer xenografts.
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Bartzatt R. Identification of Doxorubicin and an Imine Derivative from Liquid and Solid Samples Utilizing Liquid Chromatography. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2007. [DOI: 10.1080/10826070600832970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ronald Bartzatt
- a Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Studies , University of Nebraska , Omaha, Nebraska, USA
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Ren Y, Wei D. Quantification intracellular levels of oligodeoxynucleotide-doxorubicin conjugate in human carcinoma cells in situ. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2005; 36:387-91. [PMID: 15496334 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2004.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2004] [Revised: 06/16/2004] [Accepted: 06/16/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Bifunctional oligodeoxynucleotide-intercalator conjugates provide new tools for a selective control of gene expression and may have potential applications as novel therapeutic agents. An 'in situ' analysis method has been developed to determine intracellular levels of oligodeoxynucleotide- doxorubicin conjugate which may be used to reverse the multidrug resistance in KB-A-1 cells. A linear response over a broad concentration range (0.05-6.0 microM, r2 = 0.97) was obtained. The limit of detection and quantitation was set at 0.015 and 0.05 microM, respectively. Assay validation studies revealed that compared with HPLC, the method is rapid, high simple, high throughput and convenient for the determination of the conjugate in cells in situ. The uptake studies of the conjugate in cells using this method demonstrated that the cellular accumulation of the conjugate in KB-A-1 cells was dependent on a dynamic balance between influx and efflux processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhong Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Institute of Biochemistry, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
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Ren Y, Zhan X, Wei D, Liu J. In vitro reversal MDR of human carcinoma cell line by an antisense oligodeoxynucleotide-doxorubicin conjugate. Biomed Pharmacother 2005; 58:520-6. [PMID: 15511610 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2004.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2004] [Accepted: 05/03/2004] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A conjugate of antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (AS ODN) covalently linked with deoxorubicin (DOX) was synthesized. Its properties and antitumour activity in human carcinoma DOX resistant cells (KB-A-1) were investigated in vitro. The results showed that the conjugate was strongly stable both in Dulbecco's Phosphate-Buffered Saline (PBS) and in culture medium. The intracellular concentration of the conjugate was higher than that of the AS DON by HPLC analysis. The conjugate showed potent dose-dependent inhibition to the growth of KB-A-1 cells. Chemosensitivity of KB-A-1 cells to DOX was also investigated in vitro. When the cells were first exposed to the conjugate (0.5 microM) and then exposed to DOX for 24 h, the IC50 value of DOX decreased from 21.5 to 2.2 microM. In contrast, when treated with the mixture of the same concentration of the AS ODN with equivalent DOX, the IC50 value of DOX was 16.8 microM. Intracellular DOX concentration was detected in KB-A-1 treatment with the conjugate in vitro by HPLC. The results showed that the intracellular DOX concentration was 6.4-fold increased in KB-A-1 cells treated with the conjugate compared to treatment with DOX alone. In contrast, 1.8-fold increasing was observed when treated with the AS ODN. Western blot analysis showed a significantly decrease in the amount of P-glycoprotein in KB-A-1 cells. These results suggest that the conjugate is effective in reversing multidrug resistance. Certainly, further studies are conducting to explore the antitumour effect of the conjugate in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhong Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, New World Institute of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
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Li JY, Quan ZW, Zhang Q, Liu JW. Somatostatin may enhance cytotoxic effect of doxorubicin on gallbladder cancer cells. Chin J Cancer Res 2004. [DOI: 10.1007/s11670-004-0040-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Zhang Q, Wei D, Liu J. In vivo reversal of doxorubicin resistance by (−)-epigallocatechin gallate in a solid human carcinoma xenograft. Cancer Lett 2004; 208:179-86. [PMID: 15142676 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2004.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2003] [Revised: 01/27/2004] [Accepted: 01/28/2004] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A human carcinoma xenograft model was established with resistant KB-A-1 cell line in order to investigate whether (-)-epigallocatechin gallte (EGCG) can reverse doxorubicin (DOX) resistance in vivo. EGCG could sensitize the tumors to DOX as indicated by a considerable reduction of tumor weights. The combination of DOX with EGCG increased the DOX concentration by 51% in the tumors, and increased DOX-induced apoptosis in the tumors compared with DOX alone. In addition, the combination schedules appeared to be well tolerated. We conclude that EGCG could chemosensitize resistant tumor cells to DOX in vivo through an increase in the accumulation of DOX in the tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, New World Institute of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, People's Republic of China
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Liu TT, Liang NS, Li Y, Yang F, Lu Y, Meng ZQ, Zhang LS. Effects of long-term tea polyphenols consumption on hepatic microsomal drug-metabolizing enzymes and liver function in Wistar rats. World J Gastroenterol 2003; 9:2742-4. [PMID: 14669325 PMCID: PMC4612044 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v9.i12.2742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the effects of long-term tea polyphenols (TPs) consumption on hepatic microsomal drug-metabolizing enzymes and liver function in rats.
METHODS: TPs were administered intragastrically to rats at the doses of 833 mg·kg-1·d–1 (n = 20) and 83.3 mg·kg-1·d-1 (n = 20) respectively for six months. Controlled group (n = 20) was given same volume of saline solution. Then the contents of cytochrome P450, b5, enzyme activities of aminopyrine N-demethylase (ADM), glutathione S-trasferase (GST) and the biochemical liver function of serum were determined.
RESULTS: The contents of cytochrome P450 and b5 in the livers of male rats in high dose groups (respectively 2.66 ± 0.55, 10.43 ± 2.78 nmol·mg MS pro-1) were significantly increased compared with the control group (1.08 ± 1.04, 5.51 ± 2.98 nmol·mg MS pro- 1; P < 0.01, respectively). The enzymatic activities of ADM in the livers of female rats in high dose groups (0.91 ± 0.08 mmol·mg MS pro-1min-1) were increased compared with the control group (0.82 ± 0.08 mmol·mg MS pro-1·min-1; P < 0.05). The GST activity was unchanged in all treated groups, and the function of liver was not obviously changed.
CONCLUSION: The antidotal capability of rats’ livers can be significantly improved after long-term consumption of TPs. There are differences in changes of drug-metabolizing enzymes between the sexes induced by TPs and normal condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao-Tao Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
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