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Khensuwan S, de Menezes Cavalcante Sassi F, Rosa de Moraes RL, Rab P, Liehr T, Supiwong W, Seetapan K, Tanomtong A, Tantisuwichwong N, Arunsang S, Buasriyot P, Tongnunui S, Cioffi MDB. Chromosomes of Asian cyprinid fishes: Novel insight into the chromosomal evolution of Labeoninae (Teleostei, Cyprinidae). PLoS One 2024; 19:e0292689. [PMID: 38324533 PMCID: PMC10849230 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0292689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The Labeoninae subfamily is a highly diversified but demonstrably monophyletic lineage of cyprinid fishes comprising five tribes and six incertae sedis genera. This widely distributed assemblage contains some 48 genera and around 480 recognized species distributed in freshwaters of Africa and Asia. In this study, the karyotypes and other chromosomal properties of five Labeoninae species found in Thailand Labeo chrysophekadion (Labeonini) and Epalzeorhynchos bicolor, Epalzeorhynchos munense, Henicorhynchus siamensis, Thynnichthys thynnoides (´Osteochilini´) were examined using conventional and molecular cytogenetic protocols. Our results confirmed a diploid chromosome number (2n) invariably 2n = 50, but the ratio of uni- and bi-armed chromosomes was highly variable among their karyotypes, indicating extensive structural chromosomal rearrangements. Karyotype of L. chrysophekadion contained 10m+6sm+20st+14a, 32m+10sm+8st for H. siamensis, 20m+12sm+10st+8a in E. bicolor, 20m+8sm+8st+14a in E. munense, and 18m+24sm+8st in T. thynnoides. Except for H. siamensis, which had four sites of 5S rDNA sites, other species under study had only one chromosome pair with those sites. In contrast, only one pair containing 18S rDNA sites were found in the karyotypes of three species, whereas two sites were found in that of E. bicolor. These cytogenetic patterns indicated that the cytogenomic divergence patterns of these labeonine species largely corresponded to the inferred phylogenetic tree. In spite of the 2n stability, diverse patterns of rDNA and microsatellite distribution as well as their various karyotype structures demonstrated significant evolutionary differentiation of Labeoninae genomes as exemplified in examined species. Labeoninae offers a traditional point of view on the evolutionary forces fostering biological diversity, and the recent findings add new pieces to comprehend the function of structural chromosomal rearrangements in adaption and speciation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudarat Khensuwan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Muang, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | | | - Renata Luiza Rosa de Moraes
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Laboratório de Citogenética de Peixes, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Petr Rab
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Laboratory of Fish Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Rumburská, Liběchov, Czech Republic
| | - Thomas Liehr
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Weerayuth Supiwong
- Faculty of Interdisciplinary Studies, Khon Kaen University, Nong Khai Campus, Muang, Nong Khai, Thailand
| | - Kriengkrai Seetapan
- School of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Phayao, Tumbol Maeka, Muang, Phayao, Thailand
| | - Alongklod Tanomtong
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Muang, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | | | - Satit Arunsang
- Program in Animal Science, Faculty of Agricultural Technology and Agro-Industry, Rajamangala University of Technology Suvarnabhumi, Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya, Ayutthaya, Thailand
| | - Phichaya Buasriyot
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Suvarnabhumi, Mueang Nonthaburi, Nonthaburi, Thailand
| | - Sampun Tongnunui
- Department of Conservation Biology, Mahidol University, Kanchanburi Campus, Sai Yok, Kanchanaburi Province, Thailand
| | - Marcelo de Bello Cioffi
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Laboratório de Citogenética de Peixes, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
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Han CC, Yen TB, Chen NC, Tseng MC. Cytogenetics of Two Onychostoma Species in Taiwan by Ag-NOR and 18S rDNA Profiles. Zool Stud 2017; 56:e25. [PMID: 31966224 PMCID: PMC6517726 DOI: 10.6620/zs.2017.56-25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Chiao-Chuan Han, Tsair-Bor Yen, Nian-Cih Chen, and Mei-Chen Tseng (2017) Both Onychostoma barbatulum and O. alticorpus are primary freshwater fish in Taiwan. The former has been developed as an aquaculture species with high economic value, while the latter is a native endemic species in Taiwan. Understanding the cytogenetic information of these two species is necessary for their selected breeding, recovery, and management. In this study, Giemsa staining, silver-binding nucleolar organizer region (Ag-NOR), C-banding, and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with 18S ribosomal (r)DNA probes were used to analyze the cytogenetic characteristics. Results of Giemsa staining showed that the two Onychostoma species shared the same number of chromosomes, 2n = 50. Respective karyotype formulas of the female and male were 10 m + 22 sm + 10 st + 8 t and 11 m + 22 sm + 10 st + 7 t in O. barbatulum, and 14 m + 18 sm + 8 st + 10 t and 15 m + 18 sm + 8 st + 9 t in O. alticorpus. Karyotypes of both species showed a pair of heteromorphic chromosomes in male fish. Their sex determination should be the XX/XY system. Two pairs of Ag-NORs were found in O. barbatulum, but only one pair occurred in O. alticorpus. C-banding areas were observed on centromeres or telomeres of some chromosomes. FISH revealed different cytogenetic characters between these two species. The above cytogenetic information will contribute to species identification, population recovery, and advantages for breeding and management in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiao-Chuan Han
- National Museum of Marine Biology and Aquarium, Pingtung 944, Taiwan. E-mail:
- Graduate Institute of Marine Biology, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 974, Taiwan
| | - Tsair-Bor Yen
- Department of Tropical Agriculture and International Cooperation, National Pingtung
University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 912, Taiwan. E-mail:
| | - Nian-Cih Chen
- Department of Aquaculture, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology,
Pingtung 912, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Chen Tseng
- Department of Aquaculture, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology,
Pingtung 912, Taiwan
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Zaleśna A, Florek M, Rybacki M, Ogielska M. Variability of NOR patterns in European water frogs of different genome composition and ploidy level. COMPARATIVE CYTOGENETICS 2017; 11:249-266. [PMID: 28919963 PMCID: PMC5596979 DOI: 10.3897/compcytogen.v11i2.10804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We studied water frogs from a complex composed of two species: Pelophylax lessonae (Camerano, 1882) (genome LL, 2n = 26) and P. ridibundus (Pallas, 1771) (RR, 2 = 26), and their natural hybrid P. esculentus (Fitzinger, 1843) of various ploidy and genome composition (RL, 2n = 26, and RRL or RLL, 3n = 39). Tetraploids RRLL were found (4n = 52) in juveniles. We applied cytogenetic techniques: AgNO3, chromomycin A3, PI and fluorescent in situ hybridization with a 28S rDNA probe. Results obtained by silver staining corresponded well with those stained with CMA3, PI and FISH. As a rule, NORs are situated on chromosomes 10. The number of Ag-NORs visible on metaphase plates was the same as the number of Ag-nucleoli present in interphase nuclei of the same individual. In all analyzed metaphases, NORs exhibited variations in size after AgNO3 and CMA3 stainings. Sixty-six individuals (out of 407 analyzed) were polymorphic for the localization and number of NORs. Fifty-one diploids had NORs only on one chromosome of pair 10. Three triploids (LLR and RRL) displayed two NORs, and two other triploid RRL individuals displayed one, instead of expected three NORs. In ten individuals extra NORs were detected on chromosomes other than 10 (chromosomes 2 and 9).
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Zaleśna
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Conservation of Vertebrates, Institute of Environmental Biology, University of Wrocław, Poland
| | - Maria Florek
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Conservation of Vertebrates, Institute of Environmental Biology, University of Wrocław, Poland
| | - Mariusz Rybacki
- Department of Zoology, Kazimierz Wielki University, Al. Ossolińskich 12, 85–067, Poland
| | - Maria Ogielska
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Conservation of Vertebrates, Institute of Environmental Biology, University of Wrocław, Poland
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de Oliveira EA, Bertollo LAC, Yano CF, Liehr T, Cioffi MDB. Comparative cytogenetics in the genus Hoplias (Characiformes, Erythrinidae) highlights contrasting karyotype evolution among congeneric species. Mol Cytogenet 2015; 8:56. [PMID: 26225139 PMCID: PMC4518567 DOI: 10.1186/s13039-015-0161-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 07/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Erythrinidae fish family contains three genera, Hoplias, Erythrinus and Hoplerythrinus widely distributed in Neotropical region. Remarkably, species from this family are characterized by an extensive karyotype diversity, with 2n ranging from 39 to 54 chromosomes and the occurrence of single and/or multiple sex chromosome systems in some species. However, inside the Hoplias genus, while H. malabaricus was subject of many studies, the cytogenetics of other congeneric species remains poorly explored. In this study, we have investigated chromosomal characteristics of four Hoplias species, namely H. lacerdae, H. brasiliensis, H. intermedius and H. aimara. We used conventional staining techniques (C-banding, Ag-impregnation and CMA3 -fluorescence) as well as fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with minor and major rDNA and microsatellite DNAs as probes in order to analyze the karyotype evolution within the genus. RESULTS All species showed invariably 2n = 50 chromosomes and practically identical karyotypes dominated only by meta- and submetacentric chromosomes, the absence of heteromorphic sex chromosomes, similar pattern of C-positive heterochromatin blocks and homologous Ag-NOR-bearing pairs. The cytogenetic mapping of five repetitive DNA sequences revealed some particular interspecific differences between them. However, the examined chromosomal characteristics indicate that their speciation was not associated with major changes in their karyotypes. CONCLUSION Such conserved karyotypes contrasts with the extensive karyotype diversity that has been observed in other Erythrinidae species, particularly in the congeneric species H. malabaricus. Nevertheless, what forces drive such particularly different modes of karyotype evolution among closely related species? Different life styles, population structure and inner chromosomal characteristics related to similar cases in other vertebrate groups can also account for the contrasting modes of karyotype evolution in Hoplias genus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ezequiel Aguiar de Oliveira
- />Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Departamento de Genética e Evolução, São Carlos, SP Brazil
- />SEDUC-MT, Cuiabá, MT Brazil
| | | | - Cassia Fernanda Yano
- />Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Departamento de Genética e Evolução, São Carlos, SP Brazil
| | - Thomas Liehr
- />Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Institute of Human Genetics, Kollegiengasse 10, D-07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Marcelo de Bello Cioffi
- />Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Departamento de Genética e Evolução, São Carlos, SP Brazil
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Nabais C, Rampin M, Collares-Pereira MJ. Comparative cytogenetics of two endangered leuciscine fish, Squalius aradensis and S. torgalensis (Teleostei, Cyprinidae), from the Iberian Peninsula. COMPARATIVE CYTOGENETICS 2013; 7:33-42. [PMID: 24260688 PMCID: PMC3833748 DOI: 10.3897/compcytogen.v7i1.4672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2013] [Accepted: 02/14/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the description of the karyotypes of the endangered chubs Squalius aradensis (Coelho, Bogutskaya, Rodrigues and Collares-Pereira, 1998) and Squalius torgalensis (Coelho, Bogutskaya, Rodrigues and Collares-Pereira, 1998) is presented by means of conventional (Giemsa-staining, Chromomycin A3 (CMA3)-fluorescence, Silver-impregnation (Ag-NORs)) and molecular (fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with 18S rDNA probe) protocols. These endemic sister-species have an allopatric but adjacent distribution in the most southwestern part of the Iberian Peninsula. Diploid chromosome number was invariably 2n = 50 and karyotypes of both species were grossly similar, composed of metacentric and submetacentric elements with a reduced number of acrocentric pairs. Sequential staining using FISH with an 18S rDNA probe, CMA3 and Ag-NORs treatments revealed consistent positive signals located at the end of the short arms of a submetacentric chromosome pair, likely homologous in both species. While providing useful cytogenetic comparative data against other members of the genus Squalius Bonaparte, 1837, the work aimed to draw attention towards the conservation of two narrow-range and highly confined fish species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Nabais
- Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências, Centro de Biologia Ambiental, Campo Grande, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Massimiliano Rampin
- Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências, Centro de Biologia Ambiental, Campo Grande, Lisboa, Portugal
- Present address: University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, Vodňany, Czech Republic
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Venu G, Venkatachalaiah G. Chromosomal homology of Uraeotyphlus oxyurus group of species (Amphibia, Gymnophiona, Ichthyophiidae). COMPARATIVE CYTOGENETICS 2013; 7:11-23. [PMID: 24260686 PMCID: PMC3833749 DOI: 10.3897/compcytogen.v7i1.3603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2012] [Accepted: 12/27/2012] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Uraeotyphlus oxyurus (Dumeril et Bibron, 1841), Uraeotyphlus interruptus Pillai et Ravichandran, 1999, Uraeotyphlus narayani Seshachar, 1939 and Uraeotyphlus menoni Annandale, 1913 were cytogenetically analysed following conventional and differential staining techniques. These species show similar karyotypes with 2n=36 (FN=58). There were no traces of species-specific features in regard to C-banding and NOR staining. The comparative study of karyotypes shows chromosomal homologies among the four species. Chromosomal data seem to support the concept that two species groups exist in the genus Uraeotyphlus.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Venu
- Centre for Applied Genetics, Department of Zoology, Bangalore University, Bangalore 560 056, India
| | - G. Venkatachalaiah
- Centre for Applied Genetics, Department of Zoology, Bangalore University, Bangalore 560 056, India
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Rossi AR, Milana V, Hett AK, Tancioni L. Molecular cytogenetic analysis of the Appenine endemic cyprinid fish Squalius lucumonis and three other Italian leuciscines using chromosome banding and FISH with rDNA probes. Genetica 2012; 140:469-76. [PMID: 23238894 DOI: 10.1007/s10709-012-9695-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2012] [Accepted: 12/06/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Karyotype and other chromosomal characteristics of the Appenine endemic cyprinid fish, Toscana stream chub Squalius lucumonis, were analysed using conventional banding and FISH with 45S and 5S rDNA probes. The diploid chromosome number (2n = 50) and karyotype characteristics including pericentromeric heterochromatic blocks and GC-rich CMA(3)-positive sites corresponding to both positive Ag-NORs and 45S rDNA loci on the short arms of a single medium-sized submetacentric chromosome pair were consistent with those found in most European leuciscine cyprinids. On other hand, 5S rDNA FISH in the Toscana stream chub and three other Italian leuciscines, S. squalus, Rutilus rubilio and Telestes muticellus, revealed a species-specific hybridization pattern, i.e. signals on four (S. lucumonis), three (S. squalus and R. rubilio) and two (T. muticellus) chromosome pairs. Whereas all the species shared the 5S rDNA loci on the largest subtelocentric chromosome pair, a "leuciscine" cytotaxonomic marker, S. lucumonis showed both classes of rDNA loci tandem aligned on the short arms of chromosome pair No. 12. The present findings suggest that the observed high variability of 5S rDNA loci provides a powerful tool for investigation of karyotype differentiation in karyologically conservative leuciscine fishes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Rita Rossi
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology C. Darwin, University of Rome La Sapienza, Rome, Italy.
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Relationships between reproductive characteristics in male Vimba vimba L. and the effects of osmolality on sperm motility. Theriogenology 2010; 74:317-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2010.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2009] [Revised: 02/16/2010] [Accepted: 02/19/2010] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Valić D, Kapetanović D, Zanella D, Mrakovčić M, Teskeredžić E, Besendorfer V, Rábová M, Ráb P. The karyotype and NOR phenotype ofTelestes ukliva(Cyprinidae). FOLIA ZOOLOGICA 2010. [DOI: 10.25225/fozo.v59.i2.a1.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Damir Valić
- Laboratory for Research and Development of Aquaculture, Division for Marine and Environmental Research, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Damir Kapetanović
- Laboratory for Research and Development of Aquaculture, Division for Marine and Environmental Research, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Davor Zanella
- Department of Zoology, Division of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Rooseveltov trg 6, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Milorad Mrakovčić
- Department of Zoology, Division of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Rooseveltov trg 6, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Emin Teskeredžić
- Laboratory for Research and Development of Aquaculture, Division for Marine and Environmental Research, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Višnja Besendorfer
- Department of Molecular Biology, Division of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Rooseveltov trg 6, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marie Rábová
- Laboratory of Fish Genetics, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 277 21 Liběchov, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Ráb
- Laboratory of Fish Genetics, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 277 21 Liběchov, Czech Republic
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Hänfling B, Dümpelmann C, Bogutskaya NG, Brandl R, Brändle M. Shallow phylogeographic structuring of Vimba vimba across Europe suggests two distinct refugia during the last glaciation. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2009; 75:2269-2286. [PMID: 20738686 DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8649.2009.02415.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Genetic variation and geographical structuring of vimba Vimba vimba were analysed across 26 sites (80 individuals) by means of mtDNA sequences (cyt b gene, mitochondrial control region) to localize hypothesized glacial refugia and to reconstruct postglacial recoloniation routes. Although genetic diversity among sequenced individuals was low, a combined analysis of the two sequenced fragments revealed a western (central and northern Europe: Danube, Elbe and lakes of Sweden) and an eastern clade (eastern Europe: Dnieper-South Bug, Don, Neman). Furthermore, a number of divergent ancestral haplotypes distributed around the Black and Caspian Seas became apparent. Mismatch analyses supported a sudden expansion model for the populations of the western clade between 50 and 10 000 bp. Overall, the study provides strong evidence for a northward and westward expansion of V. vimba from two refugial regions located in the Danubian drainage and the northern Pontic regions respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Hänfling
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Hull, Cottingham Road, Hull HU6 7RX, UK
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Pereira C, Neto A, Collares-Pereira MJ. Cytogenetic survey of species of two distinct genera of Iberian nases (Cyprinidae, Leuciscinae) that hybridize extensively in nature. I. Evidence of a similar and conserved chromosome pattern with some few species-specific markers at macro-structural level. Genetica 2009; 137:285-91. [PMID: 19585245 DOI: 10.1007/s10709-009-9379-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2009] [Accepted: 06/23/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Pseudochondrostoma duriense and Pseudochondrostoma polylepis hybridize extensively with Achondrostoma oligolepis in natural populations. In this first survey, karyotypes were comparatively analyzed by C-, AgNOR- and CMA(3)-banding procedures in pure (non-introgressed) fish specimens. Leuciscinae pattern was evidenced in the three species: metacentrics and submetacentrics dominance, a big subtelo/acrocentric (marker) chromosome pair and a 2n = 50; small macro-structural differences were observed. Heterochromatin was centromere-associated. Exceptions were found at sm1 and st/a1 long arms and at m1, sm3 and sm6 short arms. The st/a1 band was telomeric in the straight-mouth nases and sub-terminal in A. oligolepis. Multiple NORs of heterochromatic nature were found in sm pairs of the three species. Signals were telomeric except for one pair in A. oligolepis. Two to four structural and two functional NORs were found in P. duriense and P. polylepis, and four to six structural and four functional NORs in A. oligolepis. Species-specific markers will prove useful in hybrid zones' cytogenetic characterization and for in-depth studies of genome compatibility-related issues in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Pereira
- Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências, Departamento de Biologia Animal/Centro de Biologia Ambiental, Campo Grande, C2, 3 masculine Piso, 1749-016, Lisbon, Portugal
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Monteiro R, Carvalho C, Collares-Pereira MJ. Karyotype and genome size of Iberochondrostoma almacai (Teleostei, Cyprinidae) and comparison with the sister-species I.lusitanicum. Genet Mol Biol 2009; 32:268-75. [PMID: 21637679 PMCID: PMC3036940 DOI: 10.1590/s1415-47572009000200011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2008] [Accepted: 09/29/2008] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to define the karyotype of the recently described Iberian endemic Iberochondrostoma almacai, to revisit the previously documented chromosome polymorphisms of its sister species I.lusitanicum using C-, Ag-/CMA3 and RE-banding, and to compare the two species genome sizes. A 2n = 50 karyotype (with the exception of a triploid I.lusitanicum specimen) and a corresponding haploid chromosome formula of 7M:15SM:3A (FN = 94) were found. Multiple NORs were observed in both species (in two submetacentric chromosome pairs, one of them clearly homologous) and a higher intra and interpopulational variability was evidenced in I.lusitanicum. Flow cytometry measurements of nuclear DNA content showed some significant differences in genome size both between and within species: the genome of I. almacai was smaller than that of I.lusitanicum (mean values 2.61 and 2.93 pg, respectively), which presented a clear interpopulational variability (mean values ranging from 2.72 to 3.00 pg). These data allowed the distinction of both taxa and confirmed the existence of two well differentiated groups within I. lusitanicum: one that includes the populations from the right bank of the Tejo and Samarra drainages, and another that reunites the southern populations. The peculiar differences between the two species, presently listed as “Critically Endangered”, reinforced the importance of this study for future conservation plans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Monteiro
- Centro de Biologia Ambiental, Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa Portugal
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Ráb P, Rábová M, Pereira CS, Collares-Pereira MJ, Pelikánová Š. Chromosome studies of European cyprinid fishes: interspecific homology of leuciscine cytotaxonomic marker—the largest subtelocentric chromosome pair as revealed by cross-species painting. Chromosome Res 2008; 16:863-73. [DOI: 10.1007/s10577-008-1245-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2008] [Revised: 05/30/2008] [Accepted: 05/30/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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14
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Boron A, Porycka K, Ito D, Abe S, Kirtiklis L. Comparative molecular cytogenetic analysis of three Leuciscus species (Pisces, Cyprinidae) using chromosome banding and FISH with rDNA. Genetica 2008; 135:199-207. [PMID: 18473124 DOI: 10.1007/s10709-008-9269-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2007] [Accepted: 04/25/2008] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
A comparative molecular cytogenetic analysis was performed on three species of the genus Leuciscus viz. ide L. idus, chub L. cephalus and dace L. leuciscus distributed in Poland, using C-, Ag- and chromomycin A(3) (CMA(3))-stainings and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with 5.8S + 28S rDNA as a probe. Although the three species examined shared 2n = 50 chromosomes and the largest acrocentric chromosome pair in the complement, they were characterized with karyotypic differences in terms of the number of uni- and biarmed chromosomes and the localization of nucleolar organizer regions (NORs) revealed by Ag-staining and FISH. L. idus and L. cephalus showed the rDNA sites on the long arms of one submetacentric (SM) chromosome pair and on the short arms of one subtelocentric (ST) chromosome pair, respectively. These NORs were CMA(3)-positive, GC-rich and C-positive heterochromatic sites in both species. Such chromosome banding features were also true for four NORs localizing on one of each SM and ST pair in L. leuciscus, but considerable numerical NOR polymorphism became apparent with Ag-staining and FISH due to a different combination of these NOR-bearing SMs and STs in this dace. The present results indicate that the molecular cytogenetic analysis applied herein may become useful to elucidate the karyotype evolution and phylogenetic relationships among the species in the genus Leuciscus and other related groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicja Boron
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warmia and Mazury, M. Oczapowskiego 5, Olsztyn, 10-718, Poland.
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Gromicho M, Coelho MM, Alves MJ, Collares-Pereira MJ. Cytogenetic analysis of Anaecypris hispanica and its relationship with the paternal ancestor of the diploid-polyploid Squalius alburnoides complex. Genome 2006; 49:1621-7. [PMID: 17426777 DOI: 10.1139/g06-121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The karyotype of the endangered fish Anaecypris hispanica was revisited using advanced cytogenetic techniques to elucidate its putative relationship with the paternal ancestor of the hybrid complex Squalius alburnoides and to clarify some of the recently described cytogenetic patterns of the complex. The results of chromomycin A3 and Ag staining, as well as fluorescent in situ hybridization with 28S and 5S rDNA and the (TTAGGG)n telomeric probes, were compared with the patterns observed in specimens of the all-male nonhybrid lineage of S. alburnoides complex, which is considered to reconstitute the nuclear genome of the probably extinct paternal ancestor. Several cytogenetic features observed in A. hispanica specimens were indeed shared by S. alburnoides nuclear nonhybrid males, supporting the hypothesis of a close evolutionary link between A. hispanica and the paternal ancestor of the complex. The genomic rearrangements involving 28S rDNA sites previously described in the S. alburnoides complex and in its maternal ancestor ( S. pyrenaicus ) were not detected in A. hispanica; they are, therefore, probably due to mechanisms related to hybridization and polyploidy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Gromicho
- Centro de Biologia Ambiental, Departamento de Biologia Animal, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
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Note on the karyotype and NOR phenotype of leuciscine fish Acanthobrama marmid (Osteichthyes, Cyprinidae). Biologia (Bratisl) 2006. [DOI: 10.2478/s11756-006-0031-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Gromicho M, Ozouf-Costaz C, Collares-Pereira MJ. Lack of correspondence between CMA3-, Ag-positive signals and 28S rDNA loci in two Iberian minnows (Teleostei, Cyprinidae) evidenced by sequential banding. Cytogenet Genome Res 2005; 109:507-11. [PMID: 15905646 DOI: 10.1159/000084211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2004] [Accepted: 09/21/2004] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the growing outcome of results that put doubt upon the reliability of silver (Ag) staining and chromomycin A3 (CMA3) fluorescent banding in the detection of major ribosomal gene sites (NORs), these methods have been widely used, especially in fishes. In order to clarify the previous patterns obtained with those techniques, we performed fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) with 28S rDNA probe followed by sequential CMA3 and Ag staining in diploid non-hybrid males of the Squalius alburnoides complex and in Squalius pyrenaicus. The results from all the studied specimens revealed a lack of correlation between classical and molecular techniques. Not just some other regions besides NORs were stained with CMA3 and Ag, but also the majority of the 28S rDNA sites were not detected. Care should then be taken in considering CMA3- and Ag-stained sites as NORs since their accuracy for that purpose may not always correspond to the expectations.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Gromicho
- Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências, Centro de Biologia Ambiental, Lisboa, Portugal
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Gromicho M, Collares-Pereira MJ. Polymorphism of major ribosomal gene chromosomal sites (NOR-phenotypes) in the hybridogenetic fish Squalius alburnoides complex (Cyprinidae) assessed through crossing experiments. Genetica 2005; 122:291-302. [PMID: 15609552 DOI: 10.1007/s10709-004-1420-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Chromosomal locations of major ribosomal sites, i.e. NOR-phenotypes, were assigned in Squalius alburnoides complex using sequential chromomycin A3 (CMA3)- and silver (Ag)-staining. This hybridogenetic Iberian minnow comprises diploid, triploid and tetraploid forms that arose by interspecific hybridisation between S. pyrenaicus and an unknown species. Inheritance of NOR patterns was studied by means of crossing experiments involving most diploid-polyploid forms of the S. alburnoides complex with identified specific genotype constitution. In all the specimens studied, the NORs were localised in the short arms of submetacentric chromosomes. Although S. pyrenaicus presented only one pair of NOR-bearing chromosomes, the data from experimental crosses evidenced that S. alburnoides complex was characterised by a multiple NOR phenotype composed of one chromosome pair with stable NORs and two chromosome pairs with NOR site polymorphism of presence/absence type. These data suggest that the karyotype of the unknown parental species of the S. alburnoides complex should have a multiple NOR pattern and emphasised the role of the all-male diploid linage in the dynamics and evolutionary potential of the S. alburnoides complex allowing the preservation of the missing ancestor genome. Cross-analyses evidenced that in spite of the high polymorphic nature of NORs in this fish complex, we have no reason to reject the hypothesis that their inheritance patterns were in accordance with Mendelian segregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Gromicho
- Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências, Centro de Biologia Ambiental, C2-Piso 3, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
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