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Zaidi SK, Fritz AJ, Tracy KM, Gordon JA, Tye CE, Boyd J, Van Wijnen AJ, Nickerson JA, Imbalzano AN, Lian JB, Stein JL, Stein GS. Nuclear organization mediates cancer-compromised genetic and epigenetic control. Adv Biol Regul 2018; 69:1-10. [PMID: 29759441 PMCID: PMC6102062 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbior.2018.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear organization is functionally linked to genetic and epigenetic regulation of gene expression for biological control and is modified in cancer. Nuclear organization supports cell growth and phenotypic properties of normal and cancer cells by facilitating physiologically responsive interactions of chromosomes, genes and regulatory complexes at dynamic three-dimensional microenvironments. We will review nuclear structure/function relationships that include: 1. Epigenetic bookmarking of genes by phenotypic transcription factors to control fidelity and plasticity of gene expression as cells enter and exit mitosis; 2. Contributions of chromatin remodeling to breast cancer nuclear morphology, metabolism and effectiveness of chemotherapy; 3. Relationships between fidelity of nuclear organization and metastasis of breast cancer to bone; 4. Dynamic modifications of higher-order inter- and intra-chromosomal interactions in breast cancer cells; 5. Coordinate control of cell growth and phenotype by tissue-specific transcription factors; 6. Oncofetal epigenetic control by bivalent histone modifications that are functionally related to sustaining the stem cell phenotype; and 7. Noncoding RNA-mediated regulation in the onset and progression of breast cancer. The discovery of components to nuclear organization that are functionally related to cancer and compromise gene expression have the potential for translation to innovative cancer diagnosis and targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayyed K Zaidi
- Department of Biochemistry and University of Vermont Cancer Center, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Andrew J Fritz
- Department of Biochemistry and University of Vermont Cancer Center, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Kirsten M Tracy
- Department of Biochemistry and University of Vermont Cancer Center, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Jonathan A Gordon
- Department of Biochemistry and University of Vermont Cancer Center, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Coralee E Tye
- Department of Biochemistry and University of Vermont Cancer Center, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Joseph Boyd
- Department of Biochemistry and University of Vermont Cancer Center, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Andre J Van Wijnen
- Departments of Orthopedic Surgery, Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Jeffrey A Nickerson
- Department of Pediatrics, UMass Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Antony N Imbalzano
- Graduate Program in Cell Biology and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, UMass Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Jane B Lian
- Department of Biochemistry and University of Vermont Cancer Center, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Janet L Stein
- Department of Biochemistry and University of Vermont Cancer Center, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States.
| | - Gary S Stein
- Department of Biochemistry and University of Vermont Cancer Center, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States.
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Yedavalli VSRK, Jeang KT. Matrin 3 is a co-factor for HIV-1 Rev in regulating post-transcriptional viral gene expression. Retrovirology 2011; 8:61. [PMID: 21771347 PMCID: PMC3160905 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4690-8-61] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2011] [Accepted: 07/20/2011] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Post-transcriptional regulation of HIV-1 gene expression is mediated by interactions between viral transcripts and viral/cellular proteins. For HIV-1, post-transcriptional nuclear control allows for the export of intron-containing RNAs which are normally retained in the nucleus. Specific signals on the viral RNAs, such as instability sequences (INS) and Rev responsive element (RRE), are binding sites for viral and cellular factors that serve to regulate RNA-export. The HIV-1 encoded viral Rev protein binds to the RRE found on unspliced and incompletely spliced viral RNAs. Binding by Rev directs the export of these RNAs from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. Previously, Rev co-factors have been found to include cellular factors such as CRM1, DDX3, PIMT and others. In this work, the nuclear matrix protein Matrin 3 is shown to bind Rev/RRE-containing viral RNA. This binding interaction stabilizes unspliced and partially spliced HIV-1 transcripts leading to increased cytoplasmic expression of these viral RNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkat S R K Yedavalli
- Molecular Virology Section, Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-0460, USA
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Inaoka H, Fukuoka Y, Kohane IS. Evidence of spatially bound gene regulation in Mus musculus: decreased gene expression proximal to microRNA genomic location. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2007; 104:5020-5. [PMID: 17360362 PMCID: PMC1820821 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0611078104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The extent, spatially and in time, of the phenomenon of localized decreased expression in the chromosomal vicinity of microRNA (miRNA) previously described in Caenorhabditis elegans is reproduced in Mus musculus across a wide range of tissues in several independent experiments. Computationally predicted miRNA targets are enriched in the vicinity of miRNAs, and transcription factors are identified as the class of genes that systematically exhibit this localized decrease. Also, those mRNA with AT-rich UTRs, particularly those that are not in the vicinity of CpG islands, most often exhibit this localized decrease. This localization broadens with the shift from developing to mature/differentiated tissues and suggests a developmentally controlled and spatially bound regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidenori Inaoka
- *School of Biomedical Science and
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
| | | | - Isaac S. Kohane
- Informatics Program, Children's Hospital, Center for Biomedical Informatics, and Partners Center for Genetics and Genomics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115; and
- Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Harvard University and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
- To whom correspondence should be addressed at:
Children's Hospital Informatics Program, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115. E-mail:
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Boutanaev AM, Mikhaylova LM, Nurminsky DI. The pattern of chromosome folding in interphase is outlined by the linear gene density profile. Mol Cell Biol 2005; 25:8379-86. [PMID: 16135824 PMCID: PMC1234341 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.25.18.8379-8386.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Spatial organization of chromatin in the interphase nucleus plays a role in gene expression and inheritance. Although it appears not to be random, the principles of this organization are largely unknown. In this work, we show an explicit relationship between the intranuclear localization of various chromosome segments and the pattern of gene distribution along the genome sequence. Using a 7-megabase-long region of the Drosophila melanogaster chromosome 2 as a model, we observed that the six gene-poor chromosome segments identified in the region interact with components of the nuclear matrix to form a compact stable cluster. The six gene-rich segments form a spatially segregated unstable cluster dependent on nonmatrix nuclear proteins. The resulting composite structure formed by clusters of gene-rich and gene-poor regions is reproducible between the nuclei. We suggest that certain aspects of chromosome folding in interphase are predetermined and can be inferred through in silico analysis of chromosome sequence, using gene density profile as a manifestation of "folding code."
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander M Boutanaev
- Department of Anatomy and Cellular Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, 136 Harrison Avenue, MV 509, Boston, MA 02111, USA
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Vogel JH, von Heydebreck A, Purmann A, Sperling S. Chromosomal clustering of a human transcriptome reveals regulatory background. BMC Bioinformatics 2005; 6:230. [PMID: 16171528 PMCID: PMC1261156 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2105-6-230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2005] [Accepted: 09/19/2005] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There has been much evidence recently for a link between transcriptional regulation and chromosomal gene order, but the relationship between genomic organization, regulation and gene function in higher eukaryotes remains to be precisely defined. Results Here, we present evidence for organization of a large proportion of a human transcriptome into gene clusters throughout the genome, which are partly regulated by the same transcription factors, share biological functions and are characterized by non-housekeeping genes. This analysis was based on the cardiac transcriptome identified by our genome-wide array analysis of 55 human heart samples. We found 37% of these genes to be arranged mainly in adjacent pairs or triplets. A significant number of pairs of adjacent genes are putatively regulated by common transcription factors (p = 0.02). Furthermore, these gene pairs share a significant number of GO functional classification terms. We show that the human cardiac transcriptome is organized into many small clusters across the whole genome, rather than being concentrated in a few larger clusters. Conclusion Our findings suggest that genes expressed in concert are organized in a linear arrangement for coordinated regulation. Determining the relationship between gene arrangement, regulation and nuclear organization as well as gene function will have broad biological implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan H Vogel
- Cardiovascular Genetics Group, Department of Vertebrate Genomics, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Ihnestrasse 73, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Anja von Heydebreck
- Department of Computational Molecular Biology, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Ihnestrasse 73, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Antje Purmann
- Cardiovascular Genetics Group, Department of Vertebrate Genomics, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Ihnestrasse 73, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Silke Sperling
- Cardiovascular Genetics Group, Department of Vertebrate Genomics, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Ihnestrasse 73, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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