1
|
Proshchina AE, Krivova YS, Barabanov VM, Saveliev SV. Ontogeny of neuro-insular complexes and islets innervation in the human pancreas. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2014; 5:57. [PMID: 24795697 PMCID: PMC4001005 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2014.00057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2013] [Accepted: 04/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The ontogeny of the neuro-insular complexes (NIC) and the islets innervation in human pancreas has not been studied in detail. Our aim was to describe the developmental dynamics and distribution of the nervous system structures in the endocrine part of human pancreas. We used double-staining with antibodies specific to pan-neural markers [neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and S100 protein] and to hormones of pancreatic endocrine cells. NSE and S100-positive nerves and ganglia were identified in the human fetal pancreas from gestation week (gw) 10 onward. Later the density of S100 and NSE-positive fibers increased. In adults, this network was sparse. The islets innervation started to form from gw 14. NSE-containing endocrine cells were identified from gw 12 onward. Additionally, S100-positive cells were detected both in the periphery and within some of the islets starting at gw 14. The analysis of islets innervation has shown that the fetal pancreas contained NIC and the number of these complexes was reduced in adults. The highest density of NIC is detected during middle and late fetal periods, when the mosaic islets, typical for adults, form. The close integration between the developing pancreatic islets and the nervous system structures may play an important role not only in the hormone secretion, but also in the islets morphogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra E. Proshchina
- Laboratory of Nervous System Development, Scientific Research Institute of Human Morphology, Department of Medical Biological Sciences, Russian Academy of Medical Science, Moscow, Russia
- *Correspondence: Alexandra E. Proshchina, Laboratory of Nervous System Development, Scientific Research Institute of Human Morphology, Department of Medical Biological Sciences, Russian Academy of Medical Science, Tsurupi Street 3, Moscow 117418, Russia e-mail:
| | - Yulia S. Krivova
- Laboratory of Nervous System Development, Scientific Research Institute of Human Morphology, Department of Medical Biological Sciences, Russian Academy of Medical Science, Moscow, Russia
| | - Valeriy M. Barabanov
- Laboratory of Nervous System Development, Scientific Research Institute of Human Morphology, Department of Medical Biological Sciences, Russian Academy of Medical Science, Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey V. Saveliev
- Laboratory of Nervous System Development, Scientific Research Institute of Human Morphology, Department of Medical Biological Sciences, Russian Academy of Medical Science, Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Tang SC, Chiu YC, Hsu CT, Peng SJ, Fu YY. Plasticity of Schwann cells and pericytes in response to islet injury in mice. Diabetologia 2013; 56:2424-34. [PMID: 23801221 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-013-2977-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2013] [Accepted: 06/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Islet Schwann (glial) cells and pericytes are the microorgan's accessory cells positioned at the external and internal boundaries facing the exocrine pancreas and endothelium, respectively, adjacent to the endocrine cells. Plasticity of glial cells and pericytes is shown in the glial scar formation after injury to the central nervous system. It remains unclear whether similar reactive cellular responses occur in insulitis. We applied three-dimensional (3D) histology to perform qualitative and quantitative analyses of the islet Schwann cell network and pericytes in normal, streptozotocin-injected (positive control of gliosis) and NOD mouse models. METHODS Vessel painting paired with immunostaining of mouse pancreatic tissue was used to reveal the islet Schwann cells and pericytes and their association with vasculature. Transparent islet specimens were prepared by optical clearing to facilitate 3D confocal microscopy for panoramic visualisation of the tissue networks. RESULTS In-depth microscopy showed that the islet Schwann cell network extends from the peri-islet domain into the core. One week after streptozotocin injection, we observed intra-islet perivascular gliosis and an increase in pericyte density. In early/moderate insulitis in the NOD mice, perilesional gliosis occurred at the front of the lymphocytic infiltration with atypical islet Schwann cell morphologies, including excessive branching and perivascular gliosis. Meanwhile, pericytes aggregated on the walls of the feeding arteriole at the peri- and intralesional domains with a marked increase in surface marker density. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION The reactive cellular responses demonstrate plasticity and suggest a stop-gap mechanism consisting of the Schwann cells and pericytes in association with the islet lesion and vasculature when injury occurs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiue-Cheng Tang
- Connectomics Research Center, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan,
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yantha J, Tsui H, Winer S, Song A, Wu P, Paltser G, Ellis J, Dosch HM. Unexpected acceleration of type 1 diabetes by transgenic expression of B7-H1 in NOD mouse peri-islet glia. Diabetes 2010; 59:2588-96. [PMID: 20522597 PMCID: PMC3279538 DOI: 10.2337/db09-1209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Autoimmune target tissues in type 1 diabetes include pancreatic β-cells and peri-islet Schwann cells (pSC)--the latter active participants or passive bystanders in pre-diabetic autoimmune progression. To distinguish between these alternatives, we sought to suppress pSC autoimmunity by transgenic expression of the negative costimulatory molecule B7-H1 in NOD pSC. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A B7-H1 transgene was placed under control of the glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) promoter. Transgenic and wild-type NOD mice were compared for transgene PD-1 affinities, diabetes development, insulitis, and pSC survival. Mechanistic studies included adoptive type 1 diabetes transfer, B7-H1 blockade, and T-cell autoreactivity and sublineage distribution. RESULTS Transgenic and endogenous B7-H1 bound PD-1 with equal affinities. Unexpectedly, the transgene generated islet-selective CD8(+) bias with accelerated rather than suppressed diabetes progression. T-cells of diabetic transgenics transferred type 1 diabetes faster. There were no earlier pSC losses due to conceivable transgene toxicity, but transgenic pSC loss was enhanced by 8 weeks, preceded by elevated GFAP autoreactivity, with high-affinity T-cells targeting the major NOD K(d)-GFAP epitope, p253-261. FoxP3(+) regulatory T- and CD11c(+) dendritic cell pools were unaffected. CONCLUSIONS In contrast with transgenic B7-H1 in NOD mouse β-cells, transgenic B7-H1 in pSC promotes rather than protects from type 1 diabetes. Here, ectopic B7-H1 enhanced the pathogenicity of effector T-cells, demonstrating that pSC can actively impact diabetes progression-likely through modification of intraislet T-cell selection. Although pSC cells emerge as a new candidate for therapeutic targets, caution is warranted with regard to the B7-H1-PD1 axis, where B7-H1 overexpression can lead to accelerated autoimmune disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jason Yantha
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Program, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Departments of Pediatrics and Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hubert Tsui
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Program, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Departments of Pediatrics and Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shawn Winer
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Program, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Departments of Pediatrics and Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Aihua Song
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Program, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Departments of Pediatrics and Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ping Wu
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Program, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Departments of Pediatrics and Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Geoff Paltser
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Program, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Departments of Pediatrics and Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - James Ellis
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - H.-Michael Dosch
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Program, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Departments of Pediatrics and Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Corresponding author: H.-Michael Dosch,
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Tsui H, Razavi R, Chan Y, Yantha J, Dosch HM. ‘Sensing’ autoimmunity in type 1 diabetes. Trends Mol Med 2007; 13:405-13. [PMID: 17900987 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2007.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2007] [Revised: 07/28/2007] [Accepted: 07/28/2007] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) results from autoimmune-mediated loss of insulin-producing beta-cells. Recent findings suggest that the events controlling T1D development are not only immunological, but also neuronal in nature. In the non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse model of T1D, a mutant sensory neuron channel, TRPV1, initiates chronic, progressive beta-cell stress, inducing islet cell inflammation. This novel mechanism of organ-specific damage requires a permissive, autoimmune-prone host, but ascribes tissue specificity to the local secretory dysfunction of sensory afferent neurons. In NOD mice, normalizing this neuronal function by administration of the neurotransmitter substance P clears islet cell inflammation, reduces insulin resistance and restores normoglycemia. Here, we discuss this neuro-immuno-endocrine model, its implications and the involvement of sensory neurons in other autoimmune disorders. These developments might provide novel neuronal-based therapeutic interventions, particularly in diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hubert Tsui
- The Hospital for Sick Children, Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health, 555 University Avenue, 10128 Elm Wing Toronto, ON, M5G 1X8, Canada
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|