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Akosman S, Song H, Sheils P, Mansour T, Wroblewski KJ, Rajjoub L. A case of adnexal cutaneous leishmaniasis in Washington DC. J Ophthalmic Inflamm Infect 2024; 14:41. [PMID: 39174810 PMCID: PMC11341790 DOI: 10.1186/s12348-024-00423-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To report a rare non-endemic case of Leishmania aethiopica in Washington DC. CASE REPORT A 68-year-old female presented for a routine examination with a complaint of right upper eyelid lesions for the past 5 months. On examination, a cluster of elevated and erythematous lesions extending from the medial canthus to the brow area of the right eye were seen. Initial treatment with Valtrex based on a suspected viral etiology failed. Although a biopsy was recommended at this time, the patient declined, and subsequent workup included nasolacrimal duct irrigation, blood work to rule out autoimmune etiology, a course of doxycycline, and an MRI, which yielded no improvement. Upon progression of the lesions into persistent plaques on the eyelids, a punch biopsy was performed, confirming leishmaniasis. The patient was then started on a 28-day course of oral miltefosine which led to complete resolution of her symptoms. CONCLUSION This case underlines the importance of a broad differential including non-endemic diseases, particularly in urban areas with frequent patient travel. Furthermore, the delayed punch biopsy in this case highlights the importance of patient counseling to ensure prompt diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinan Akosman
- Department of Ophthalmology, George Washington University School of Medicine, 2150 Pennsylvania Avenue Suite 2A, Washington, DC, USA.
| | - Heeyah Song
- Department of Ophthalmology, George Washington University School of Medicine, 2150 Pennsylvania Avenue Suite 2A, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Paul Sheils
- Department of Ophthalmology, George Washington University School of Medicine, 2150 Pennsylvania Avenue Suite 2A, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Tamer Mansour
- Department of Ophthalmology, George Washington University School of Medicine, 2150 Pennsylvania Avenue Suite 2A, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Keith J Wroblewski
- Department of Ophthalmology, George Washington University School of Medicine, 2150 Pennsylvania Avenue Suite 2A, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Lamise Rajjoub
- Department of Ophthalmology, George Washington University School of Medicine, 2150 Pennsylvania Avenue Suite 2A, Washington, DC, USA
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El Goulli AF, Zribi L, Sanhaji R, Chabchoub A, Bouratbine A, Gharbi M, Abdelmelek H. Study of ocular manifestations and humoral immune response in eyes of dogs with leishmaniasis. Vet Med Sci 2023; 9:625-637. [PMID: 36253884 PMCID: PMC10029893 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ocular manifestations in dogs with leishmaniasis are frequent and complications in affected tissues can lead to blindness. Immune processes play a very important role in the pathogenesis of ocular inflammation. Therefore, the immunology of ocular manifestations in dogs with leishmaniasis remains complex and poorly understood. OBJECTIVES Estimation and characterisation of ocular and periocular manifestations in dogs naturally infected with Leishmania infantum and investigation of the production site of specific anti-Leishmania infantum IgG. METHODS The present investigation used 53 confirmed dogs infected with Leishmania infantum, presenting ocular and periocular lesions, and 10 control non-infected dogs. Complete macroscopic ophthalmic examination of eyelids and globes was performed. Both total and anti-Leishmania infantum IgG antibodies were studied in sera and aqueous humour (AH) of all dogs by ELISA technique. A Goldmann-Witmer coefficient (C value) was calculated. RESULTS The main ophthalmological findings were keratoconjunctivitis (71.7%; 38/53), hyperplasia of conjunctival lymphoid follicles (54.7%; 29/53), blepharitis (50.9%; 27/53) and uveitis (20.7%; 11/53). Ocular production of anti-Leishmania infantum IgG was detected in 73.6% (39/53) of infected dogs. There was no correlation between the antibody levels in AH and sera of the same dog. The mean anti-Leishmania infantum IgG in AH was higher in uveitis, followed by lesions affecting only the adnexa (p < 0.0001). The highest mean C values were observed for uveitis, conjunctivitis and keratitis. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that production of anti-Leishmania IgG in dogs infected with Leishmania infantum with ocular manifestations begin in situ and follows by a transfer of antibodies from the bloodstream to the AH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amel F El Goulli
- Internal Equine and Small Animal Medicine Service, Clinical Department, National School of Veterinary Medicine, Institution of Agricultural Research and Higher Education, University of Manouba, Sidi Thabet, Tunisia
| | - Lilia Zribi
- Department of Clinical Parasitology, Research Laboratory LR 11-IPT-06 'Medical Parasitology, Biotechnology and Biomolecules', Pasteur Institute of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Rania Sanhaji
- Internal Equine and Small Animal Medicine Service, Clinical Department, National School of Veterinary Medicine, Institution of Agricultural Research and Higher Education, University of Manouba, Sidi Thabet, Tunisia
| | - Ahmed Chabchoub
- Internal Equine and Small Animal Medicine Service, Clinical Department, National School of Veterinary Medicine, Institution of Agricultural Research and Higher Education, University of Manouba, Sidi Thabet, Tunisia
| | - Aïda Bouratbine
- Department of Clinical Parasitology, Research Laboratory LR 11-IPT-06 'Medical Parasitology, Biotechnology and Biomolecules', Pasteur Institute of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Gharbi
- Laboratory of Parasitology, National School of Veterinary Medicine, Institution of Agricultural Research and Higher Education, University of Manouba, Sidi Thabet, Tunisia
| | - Hafedh Abdelmelek
- Laboratory of Integrated Physiology, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, Jarzouna, Tunisia
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Yadav P, Azam M, Ramesh V, Singh R. Unusual Observations in Leishmaniasis-An Overview. Pathogens 2023; 12:pathogens12020297. [PMID: 36839569 PMCID: PMC9964612 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12020297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Leishmaniasis significantly affects the population of the tropics and subtropics. Clinical features and infective species of Leishmania are the primary factors driving the direction of diagnosis. The rise in incidences of atypical presentations present a challenge in patient treatment. Knowledge of unusual/rare presentations can aid in having a broader perspective for including the different aspects during the examination and thus avoid misdiagnosis. A comprehensive literature survey was performed to present the array of atypical presentations confounding clinicians which have been seen in leishmaniasis. Case reports of unusual findings based on the localizations and morphology of lesions and infective species and the predominant geographical sites over almost five decades highlight such presentations in the population. Information regarding the clinical features recorded in the patient and the chosen treatment was extracted to put forward the preferred drug regimen in such cases. This comprehensive review presents various unusual observations seen in visceral leishmaniasis, post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis, cutaneous leishmaniasis, and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis. It highlights the need to consider such features in association with differential diagnosis to facilitate proper treatment of the patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Yadav
- ICMR-National Institute of Pathology, New Delhi 110029, India
- Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India
| | - Mudsser Azam
- ICMR-National Institute of Pathology, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - V Ramesh
- Department of Dermatology, ESIC Hospital, Faridabad 1210026, India
| | - Ruchi Singh
- ICMR-National Institute of Pathology, New Delhi 110029, India
- Correspondence: or
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Mignot G, Bhattacharya Y, Reddy A. Ocular Leishmaniasis - A systematic review. Indian J Ophthalmol 2021; 69:1052-1060. [PMID: 33913831 PMCID: PMC8186621 DOI: 10.4103/ijo.ijo_2232_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of leishmaniasis is reported to be up to 1 million per year. To date, there has been no comprehensive review describing the diversity of clinical presentations of ocular leishmaniasis (OL) and its treatment. This systematic review aims to address this knowledge gap and provide a summary of the clinical presentation, natural course, and treatment options for OL. Our study identified a total of 57 published articles as describing cases of OL involving: adnexa (n = 26), orbit (n = 1), retina (n = 7), uvea (n = 18) and cornea (n = 6). Though well described and easily treated, palpebral leishmaniasis is often misdiagnosed and may lead to chronic issues if untreated. The retinal manifestations of Leishmaniasis consist of self-resolving hemorrhages secondary to thrombocytopenia. Two main uveitis etiologies have been identified: uveitis in the context of active Leishmanial infection (associated with immunosuppression) and uveitis occurring as an immune reconstitution syndrome. Corneal involvement in most geographic areas generally follows an aggressive course, most often ending in corneal perforation if left untreated. In the Americas, a chronic indolent interstitial keratitis may also occur. Topical steroids are of little use in keratitis (systemic antileishmanials being the cornerstone of treatment). However, these are essential in cases of uveitis, with or without concomitant systemic antileishmanial therapy. In conclusion, though ocular involvement in Leishmaniasis is rare, severe sight-threatening consequences follow if left untreated. Early diagnosis, enthusiastic follow-up and aggressive treatment are essential for good outcomes.
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An I, Aksoy M, Ozturk M, Ayhan E, Erat T, Yentur Doni N, Guldur ME. Atypical and unusual morphological variants of cutaneous leishmaniasis. Int J Clin Pract 2021; 75:e13730. [PMID: 33107120 DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.13730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a skin disease characterised by prolonged nodulo-ulcerative lesions of the skin that heals with atrophic scar. Clinical features of CL vary depending on the type of parasite and host immune resistance. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical features of atypical and unusual morphological variants of CL patients diagnosed in our clinic. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this prospective study, 27 CL patients with atypical clinical features among 486 patients admitted to our clinic between July 2018 and September 2019 and diagnosed as CL by slit-skin smear examination or histopathological examination were included. RESULTS Of 27 patients, 15 (55.5%) were male and 12 (44.5%) were female. The mean age of the patients was 25.8 ± 7.62 years. Seven (25.9%) patients had lupoid lesions, five (18.6%) patients had eczematoid lesions, four (14.8%) patients had lip lesions, three (11.1%) patients had erysipelas-like lesions, two (7.4%) patients had eyelid lesions, two (7.4%) patients had sporotrichoid lesions, two (7.4%) patients had verrucous lesions, one (3.7%) patient had psoriasiform lesion and one (3.7%) patient had paronychial lesion. CONCLUSION In conclusion, rare clinical forms of CL are presented in this study. It should be kept in mind that CL may have very different clinical features and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of eczema, psoriasis, erysipelas, sporotrichosis, paronychia and verrucous lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isa An
- Department of Dermatology, Sanlıurfa Training and Research Hospital, Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Aksoy
- Department of Dermatology, Harran University Medical Faculty, Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | - Murat Ozturk
- Department of Dermatology, Van Training and Research Hospital, Health Sciences Universty, Van, Turkey
| | - Erhan Ayhan
- Department of Dermatology, Diyarbakir Gazi Yaşargil Training and Research Hospital, Health Sciences Universty, Diyarbakır, Turkey
| | - Tuğba Erat
- Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Sanlıurfa Training and Research Hospital, Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | - Nebiye Yentur Doni
- Department of Microbiology, Harran University Medical Faculty, Sanliurfa, Turkey
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Unusual Presentation of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis: Ocular Leishmaniasis. Case Rep Infect Dis 2017; 2017:3198547. [PMID: 28210511 PMCID: PMC5292196 DOI: 10.1155/2017/3198547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The leishmaniases are parasitic diseases that are transmitted to humans by infected female sandflies. Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is one of 3 main forms of the disease. CL is the most common form of the disease and is endemic in many urban and rural parts of Iran and usually caused by two species of Leishmania: L. major and L. tropica. We report a case of unusual leishmaniasis with 25 lesions on exposed parts of the body and right eyelid involvement (ocular leishmaniasis). The patient was a 75-year-old male farmer referred to health care center in Aran va Bidgol city. The disease was diagnosed by direct smear, culture, and PCR from the lesions. PCR was positive for Leishmania major.
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Mohammadpour I, Motazedian MH, Handjani F, Hatam GR. Cutaneous Leishmaniasis of the Eyelids: A Case Series with Molecular Identification and Literature Review. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY 2016; 54:787-792. [PMID: 28095664 PMCID: PMC5266367 DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2016.54.6.787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Revised: 09/05/2016] [Accepted: 09/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a protozoan disease which is endemic in Iran. It is transmitted by the Phlebotomus sand fly. The eyelid is rarely involved possibly because the movement of the lids impedes the sand fly from biting the skin in this region. Here, we report 6 rare cases of eyelid CL. The patients were diagnosed by skin scraping, culture, and PCR from the lesions. Skin scraping examination showed Leishmania spp. amastigotes in the cytoplasm of macrophages. Culture examination was positive for Leishmania spp. PCR was positive for Leishmania major and Leishmania tropica. The lesions were disguised as basal cell carcinoma, chalazion, hordeolum, and impetigo. The patients were treated with intramuscular meglumine antimoniate (20 mg/kg/day) for at least 3 weeks. They showed a dramatic response, and the lesions almost completely disappeared. We emphasized the importance of clinical and diagnostic features of lesions, characterized the phylogenetic relationship of isolated parasites, and reviewed the literature on ocular leishmaniasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iraj Mohammadpour
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Motazedian
- Basic Sciences in Infectious Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Farhad Handjani
- Molecular Dermatology Research Center, Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Gholam Reza Hatam
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Razeghinejad MR, Monabati A, Kadivar MR, Alborzi A. Conjunctival leishmaniasis in a case of disseminated cutaneous leishmaniasis. Trop Doct 2016; 47:53-55. [PMID: 26905744 DOI: 10.1177/0049475516631881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A 15-year-old female patient presented with numerous, small, papulonodular skin lesions, and hepatosplenomegaly 9 months after a treated biopsy proved cutaneous leishmaniasis. In ocular examination there were two yellowish, raised gelatinous conjunctival lesions in the left eye. The exisional conjunctival lesion biopsy revealed many Leishman bodies inside tissue histiocytes. The patient had no systemic immunologic problems (normal serum immunoglobulins, nitroblue-tetrazolium test, complement CH50 test and flow cytometry of leukocytes). The indirect immunofluorescent antibody test for Leishmania tropica (titre of 1:1024) and the leishmanin skin test were positive. DNA of L. tropica was detected by a specific polymerase chain reaction on whole blood, bone marrow and skin biopsy specimens. The skin and conjunctival lesions disappeared with miltefosine and no intraocular tissue penetration of organism happened. Conjunctival leishmaniasis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of raised conjunctival lesions in a disseminated cutaneous leishmaniasis patient and needs proper systemic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Reza Razeghinejad
- Poostchi Eye Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran .,Truhlsen Eye Institute, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Ahmad Monabati
- Department of Pathology and Hematology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Abdolvahab Alborzi
- Department of Pediatrics, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Perrin-Terrin A, Auriol S, Mahieu L, Debard A, Eden A, Cassagne M, Pagot-Mathis V, Malecaze F, Soler V. [Recurrent bilateral anterior uveitis due to Leishmania infantum in a patient with immune deficiency related to HIV infection: a case report and literature review]. J Fr Ophtalmol 2014; 37:514-9. [PMID: 25087128 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfo.2014.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2013] [Revised: 02/11/2014] [Accepted: 02/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
We report the case of a 56-year-old patient, presenting with bilateral hypertensive anterior uveitis due to Leishmania infantum, in the setting of immune deficiency related to HIV infection. The etiology of the uveitis was diagnosed following detection of L. infantum DNA on anterior chamber paracentesis. Initially, the patient received an intravitreal injection of liposomal amphotericin B, systemic antiparasitic treatment, topical steroid and ocular hypotensive treatment. Due to unfavourable disease progression in the right eye, we re-evaluated the anti-inflammatory, antiretroviral and antiparasitic medications (beginning meglumine antimoniate): the uveitis in the left eye was thus able to be controlled. We followed the efficacy of treatment with weekly quantification of Leishmania DNA in the aqueous humor. Uveitis secondary to leishmaniasis is rare and serious. Physicians must be aware of this cause of uveitis, particularly in immunodeficient patients. The quantitation of Leishmania DNA in the aqueous humor is an indispensible tool for monitoring the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Perrin-Terrin
- Centre de la rétine, hôpital Paule-de-Viguier, CHU Toulouse-Purpan, avenue de Grande-Bretagne, 31300 Toulouse, France
| | - S Auriol
- Centre de la rétine, hôpital Paule-de-Viguier, CHU Toulouse-Purpan, avenue de Grande-Bretagne, 31300 Toulouse, France
| | - L Mahieu
- Centre de la rétine, hôpital Paule-de-Viguier, CHU Toulouse-Purpan, avenue de Grande-Bretagne, 31300 Toulouse, France
| | - A Debard
- Service de maladies infectieuses et tropicales, CHU Toulouse-Purpan, place Baylac, 31300 Toulouse, France
| | - A Eden
- Service de maladies infectieuses et tropicales, centre hospitalier Saint-Jean, centre hospitalier de Perpignan, 20, avenue du Languedoc, 66046 Perpignan, France
| | - M Cassagne
- Centre de la rétine, hôpital Paule-de-Viguier, CHU Toulouse-Purpan, avenue de Grande-Bretagne, 31300 Toulouse, France
| | - V Pagot-Mathis
- Centre de la rétine, hôpital Paule-de-Viguier, CHU Toulouse-Purpan, avenue de Grande-Bretagne, 31300 Toulouse, France
| | - F Malecaze
- Centre de la rétine, hôpital Paule-de-Viguier, CHU Toulouse-Purpan, avenue de Grande-Bretagne, 31300 Toulouse, France
| | - V Soler
- Centre de la rétine, hôpital Paule-de-Viguier, CHU Toulouse-Purpan, avenue de Grande-Bretagne, 31300 Toulouse, France.
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Ocular experimental leishmaniasis in C57BL/10 and BALB/c mice induced by Leishmania amazonensis infection. Exp Parasitol 2012. [PMID: 23201219 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2012.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
There are few studies on human ocular leishmaniasis found in the literature. The purpose of this study was to describe experimental ocular leishmaniasis, caused by Leishmania amazonensis evaluating two different infection routes: intravitreal and instillation in C57BL/10 and BALB/c mice. In this work all animals presented low anti-Leishmania IgM and IgG titers regardless of the infection route or mouse strain. The histopathological eye analysis showed that the mice inoculated by the intravitreal route developed more severe lesions, presenting parasites in the anterior region of the eye 60 days after infection. The C57BL/10 mice presented cells containing parasitophorous vacuoles associated with pigmented cells and inflammatory infiltrate, which included mast cells. Ninety days after infection no parasites could be found in either mouse strain, which led us to hypothesize that parasites had been eliminated. In this context, we show that both intravitreal and instillation routes were effective in promoting ocular leishmaniasis infections in C57BL/10 and BALB/c mice. There were no differences in the parasite infection between the two mouse models and it mimicked the ocular lesions described in symptomatic dogs in endemic areas of visceral leishmaniasis.
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Infection of retinal epithelial cells with L. amazonensis impacts in extracellular matrix proteins. Parasitol Res 2011; 109:727-36. [PMID: 21494843 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-011-2369-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2010] [Accepted: 02/22/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
One of the manifestations of leishmaniases is eye injuries which main characteristics are the injury of the anterior chamber of the eye and the resistance to specific treatments. The retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells participate in pathogen-induced intraocular inflammatory processes. We investigated Leishmania amazonensis-RPE cells relationship and its impact in laminin and fibronectin production. Using RPE cell (ARPE-19), we demonstrated that L. amazonensis adhere to these cells in the first hour of infection, whereas parasite internalization was only observed after 6 h. Seventy-two hours after infection, vacuoles with parasites debris were observed intracellularly, and no parasite were observed intra- or extracellularly at the 96 h, suggesting that Leishmania can infect ARPE-19 cells although this cells are able to clear the infection. Fibronectin and laminin were associated with L. amazonensis-ARPE-19 interaction. Confocal analysis showed no substantial alterations in fibronectin presence in ARPE-19-infected or ARPE-19-noninfected cells, whereas laminin levels increased three times 10 h after L. amazonensis infection. After this time, laminin levels decreased in infected cells. These results suggest that L. amazonensis-ARPE-19 infection induces increased production of laminin in the beginning of infection which may facilitate parasite-host cell interactions.
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Bouomrani S, Farah A, Ayadi N, Béji M. [Bilateral chronic and granulomatous total uveitis following cutaneous leishmaniasis]. Med Mal Infect 2011; 41:344-5. [PMID: 21493026 DOI: 10.1016/j.medmal.2010.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2010] [Revised: 05/09/2010] [Accepted: 07/20/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Veraldi S, Bottini S, Currò N, Gianotti R. Leishmaniasis of the eyelid mimicking an infundibular cyst and review of the literature on ocular leishmaniasis. Int J Infect Dis 2010; 14 Suppl 3:e230-2. [PMID: 19969498 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2009.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2009] [Revised: 06/23/2009] [Accepted: 07/30/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Izzedine H, Buhaescu I, Bodaghi B, Martinez V, Caumes E, Lehoang P, Deray G. Oculo-renal disorders in infectious diseases. Int Ophthalmol 2006; 25:299-319. [PMID: 16532294 DOI: 10.1007/s10792-005-4833-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2004] [Accepted: 11/01/2005] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this article is to review the potential ocular and renal disorders in infectious diseases to which humans are susceptible and to determine prevalence of these diseases. METHODS Published cases of oculo-renal disorders associated with various infectious diseases were collected from the international literature by searching the MEDLINE database (PUBMED 1970-2004) for original reports and review articles published in English. Citations from papers retrieved were screened and retrieved papers were evaluated. RESULTS Based on the screened data, we propose a practical, structure-oriented checklist of such lesions divided into bacterial, viral, parasital, and fugal infections. CONCLUSION The oculorenal manifestations of infectious diseases may be flagrant or subtle. Awareness of the signs and symptoms of infections allows early recognition and prompt, appropriate management. The clinical presentation and relative frequency of those manifestations are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassane Izzedine
- Department of Nephrology, Pitie-Salpetriere Hospital, Paris, France.
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