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Kolacheva AA, Ugrumov MV. A Mouse Model of Nigrostriatal Dopaminergic Axonal Degeneration As a Tool for Testing Neuroprotectors. Acta Naturae 2021; 13:110-113. [PMID: 34707903 PMCID: PMC8526182 DOI: 10.32607/actanaturae.11433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Degeneration of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson's disease begins from the axonal terminals in the striatum and, then, in retrograde fashion, progresses to the cell bodies in the substantia nigra. Investigation of the dynamics of axonal terminal degeneration may help in the identification of new targets for neuroprotective treatment and be used as a tool for testing potential drugs. We have shown that the degeneration rate of dopaminergic axonal terminals changes over time, and that the striatal dopamine concentration is the most sensitive parameter to the action of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP). This model was validated using neuroprotectors with well-known mechanisms of action: the dopamine transporter inhibitor nomifensine and SEMAX peptide that stimulates the secretion of endogenous neurotrophic factors or acts as an antioxidant. Nomifensine was shown to almost completely protect dopaminergic fibers from the toxic effect of MPTP and maintain the striatal dopamine concentration at the control level. However, SEMAX, slightly but reliably, increased striatal dopamine when administered before MPTP treatment, which indicates that it is more effective as an inductor of endogenous neurotrophic factor secretion rather than as an antioxidant.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. A. Kolacheva
- Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119334 Russia
| | - M. V. Ugrumov
- Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119334 Russia
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Glazova NY, Manchenko DM, Volodina MA, Merchieva SA, Andreeva LA, Kudrin VS, Myasoedov NF, Levitskaya NG. Semax, synthetic ACTH(4-10) analogue, attenuates behavioural and neurochemical alterations following early-life fluvoxamine exposure in white rats. Neuropeptides 2021; 86:102114. [PMID: 33418449 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2020.102114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) are commonly used to treat depression during pregnancy. SSRIs cross the placenta and may influence the maturation of the foetal brain. Clinical and preclinical findings suggest long-term consequences of SSRI perinatal exposure for the offspring. The mechanisms of SSRI effects on developing brain remain largely unknown and there are no directional approaches for prevention of the consequences of maternal SSRI treatment during pregnancy. The heptapeptide Semax (MEHFPGP) is a synthetic analogue of ACTH(4-10) which exerts marked nootropic and neuroprotective activities. The aim of the present study was to investigate the long-term effects of neonatal exposure to the SSRI fluvoxamine (FA) in white rats. Additionally, the study examined the potential for Semax to prevent the negative consequences of neonatal FA exposure. Rat pups received FA or vehicle injections on postnatal days 1-14, a time period equivalent to 27-40 weeks of human foetal age. After FA treatment, rats were administered with Semax or vehicle on postnatal days 15-28. During the 2nd month of life, the rats underwent behavioural testing, and monoamine levels in brain structures were measured. It was shown that neonatal FA exposure leads to the impaired emotional response to stress and novelty and delayed acquisition of food-motivated maze task in adolescent and young adult rats. Furthermore, FA exposure induced alterations in the monoamine levels in brains of 1- and 2- month-old rats. Semax administration reduced the anxiety-like behaviour, improved learning abilities and normalized the levels of brain biogenic amines impaired by the FA exposure. The results demonstrate that early-life FA exposure in rat pups produces long-term disturbances in their anxiety-related behaviour, learning abilities, and brain monoamines content. Semax exerts a favourable effect on behaviour and biogenic amine system of rats exposed to the antidepressant. Thus, peptide Semax can prevent behavioural deficits caused by altered 5-HT levels during development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nataliya Yu Glazova
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, RAS, 2 Akademika Kurchatova square, Moscow 123182, Russia.
| | - Daria M Manchenko
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Biological Faculty, 1-12 Leninskie gori, Moscow 119234, Russia
| | - Maria A Volodina
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Biological Faculty, 1-12 Leninskie gori, Moscow 119234, Russia; Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Centre for Bioelectric Interfaces, NRU HSE, 13-4 Myasnitskaya, Moscow 109028, Russia
| | - Svetlana A Merchieva
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Biological Faculty, 1-12 Leninskie gori, Moscow 119234, Russia
| | - Ludmila A Andreeva
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, RAS, 2 Akademika Kurchatova square, Moscow 123182, Russia
| | - Vladimir S Kudrin
- Zakusov Research Institute of Pharmacology RAMS, 8 Baltiyskaya, Moscow 125315, Russia
| | - Nikolai F Myasoedov
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, RAS, 2 Akademika Kurchatova square, Moscow 123182, Russia
| | - Natalia G Levitskaya
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Biological Faculty, 1-12 Leninskie gori, Moscow 119234, Russia; Institute of Molecular Genetics, RAS, 2 Akademika Kurchatova square, Moscow 123182, Russia
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Glazova NY, Sebentsova EA, Manchenko DM, Andreeva LA, Dergunova LV, Levitskaya NG, Limborska SA, Myasoedov NF. The Protective Effect of Semax in a Model of Stress-Induced Impairment of Memory and Behavior in White Rats. BIOL BULL+ 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s1062359018040040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Poletaeva II, Surina NM, Kostina ZA, Perepelkina OV, Fedotova IB. The Krushinsky-Molodkina rat strain: The study of audiogenic epilepsy for 65years. Epilepsy Behav 2017; 71:130-141. [PMID: 26228091 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2015.04.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Revised: 04/28/2015] [Accepted: 04/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The more recent history and main experimental data for the Krushinsky-Molodkina (KM) audiogenic rat strain are presented. The strain selection started in late 1940. Now this strain is inbred, and two new strains are maintained in a laboratory in parallel. These strains originated from KM×Wistar hybrids and were bred (starting from 2000) for no-seizure and intense audiogenic seizure phenotypes, respectively. The experimental evidences of audiogenic seizure physiology were accumulated in parallel with (and usually ahead of) data on other audiogenic-prone strains. The peculiar feature of the KM strain is its vulnerability to brain hemorrhages. Thus, the KM strain is used not only as a genetic model of seizure states, but also as a model of blood flow disturbances in the brain. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled "Genetic and Reflex Epilepsies, Audiogenic Seizures and Strains: From Experimental Models to the Clinic".
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Affiliation(s)
- I I Poletaeva
- Lomonossov Moscow State University, Biology Department, Laboratory for Physiology and Genetics of Behavior, Leninskie Gory, 1, Build. 12, Moscow 119992, Russia.
| | - N M Surina
- Lomonossov Moscow State University, Biology Department, Laboratory for Physiology and Genetics of Behavior, Leninskie Gory, 1, Build. 12, Moscow 119992, Russia
| | - Z A Kostina
- Lomonossov Moscow State University, Biology Department, Laboratory for Physiology and Genetics of Behavior, Leninskie Gory, 1, Build. 12, Moscow 119992, Russia
| | - O V Perepelkina
- Lomonossov Moscow State University, Biology Department, Laboratory for Physiology and Genetics of Behavior, Leninskie Gory, 1, Build. 12, Moscow 119992, Russia
| | - I B Fedotova
- Lomonossov Moscow State University, Biology Department, Laboratory for Physiology and Genetics of Behavior, Leninskie Gory, 1, Build. 12, Moscow 119992, Russia
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Malyshev AV, Razumkina EV, Dubynin VA, Myasoedov NF. Semax corrects brain dysfunction caused by prenatal introduction of valproic acid. DOKLADY BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES : PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE USSR, BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES SECTIONS 2013; 450:126-9. [PMID: 23821048 DOI: 10.1134/s0012496613030046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A V Malyshev
- Biological Faculty, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
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Goldstein N, Goldstein R, Terterov D, Kamensky AA, Kovalev GI, Zolotarev YA, Avakyan GN, Terterov S. Blood-brain barrier unlocked. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2012; 77:419-24. [PMID: 22813582 DOI: 10.1134/s000629791205001x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The brain is protected by a physiological blood-brain barrier (BBB) against toxins and some metabolites circulating in the blood. At the same time, the BBB limits penetration into the brain of many neuroactive drugs. Efficient ways to increase BBB permeability for delivery of drugs of different chemical nature into the brain are unknown. This work deals with delivery into the brain of 10(-2) M dopamine, a substance that does not penetrate the BBB under normal circumstances. It was studied in two independent experiments: (i) penetration of (3)H-labeled dopamine from its mixture with 10(-5) M H2O2 into hypothalamus and striatum structures of intact rat brain, and (ii) effect of unlabeled dopamine from a mixture with H(2)O(2) on the rat motor activity in a haloperidol catalepsy model. It was shown that (i) at the third minute after nasal application of the dopamine + H(2)O(2) mixture, the dopamine level increases 45-fold in the hypothalamus and almost 30-fold in the striatum and (ii) motility of animals in the catalepsy haloperidol model is recovered 90 sec after intranasal introduction of dopamine. No such effects were observed after replacement of H(2)O(2) by 0.9% NaCl solution. Thus, it was shown on the example of dopamine that its introduction into the nasal cavity simultaneously with H(2)O(2) provides for rapid delivery of the drug into the brain. These results expand our knowledge concerning the biological role of exoROS in modulating BBB permeability and may contribute to the development of a new therapeutic strategy for neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Goldstein
- Department of Human and Animal Physiology, Biological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia.
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Solov’ev VB, Gengin MT, Sollertinskaya TN, Latynova IV, Zhivaeva LV. Effects of semax on the activity of carboxypeptidase H in brain regions and adrenal glands of rats. NEUROCHEM J+ 2011. [DOI: 10.1134/s1819712411020115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Stavchansky VV, Yuzhakov VV, Botsina AY, Skvortsova VI, Bondurko LN, Tsyganova MG, Limborska SA, Myasoedov NF, Dergunova LV. The effect of Semax and its C-end peptide PGP on the morphology and proliferative activity of rat brain cells during experimental ischemia: a pilot study. J Mol Neurosci 2010; 45:177-85. [PMID: 20617398 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-010-9421-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2010] [Accepted: 06/25/2010] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The neuropeptide preparation Semax (Met-Glu-His-Phe-Pro-Gly-Pro) has been employed successfully in clinical practice for treating patients with severe brain blood circulation disorders. In spite of numerous studies, many aspects of the therapeutic effects of this preparation remain unknown. In this context, the effects of Semax and its C-end tripeptide PGP on the functional morphology of nervous tissue cells were studied in the normal rat brain and in a model of incomplete global rat brain ischemia. In control animals, both peptides activated the capillary network and caused similar morphological changes to neurons and the neuropil regions. We show here for the first time at the histological level that Semax and PGP increased proliferation of the neuroglia, blood vessel endothelium, and progenitor cells in the subventricular zone. In these experimental conditions, only Semax abated the manifestation of ischemic damage to the nervous tissue. This was probably attributable to a decrease in vascular stasis symptoms as well as the trophic effect of the peptide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasily V Stavchansky
- Human Molecular Genetics Department, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 123182 Kurchatov sq., 2, Moscow, Russia.
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Silachev DN, Shram SI, Shakova FM, Romanova GA, Myasoedov NF. Formation of spatial memory in rats with ischemic lesions to the prefrontal cortex; effects of a synthetic analog of ACTH(4-7). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 39:749-56. [PMID: 19779827 DOI: 10.1007/s11055-009-9197-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2007] [Accepted: 02/27/2008] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Photochemically induced thrombosis of blood vessels in the prefrontal cortex in rats was shown to lead to ischemic infarcts in the lesion zone. Bilateral ischemic lesioning of the prefrontal cortex degraded measures of spatial memory when animals were tested in a Morris water maze with an invisible platform 20-24 days after surgery. Chronic intranasal administration of the peptide Met-Glu-His-Phe-Pro-Gly-Pro (Semax), a synthetic analog of ACTH(4-7), at a dose of 250 microg/kg/day during the first six days after photothrombosis, led to recovery of the animals' learning ability. The long-term antiamnestic action of the peptide observed here may result from its neuroprotective activity and its ability to stimulate the synthesis of neurotrophic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- D N Silachev
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
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Romanova GA, Silachev DN, Shakova FM, Kvashennikova YN, Viktorov IV, Shram SI, Myasoedov NF. Neuroprotective and antiamnesic effects of Semax during experimental ischemic infarction of the cerebral cortex. Bull Exp Biol Med 2006; 142:663-6. [PMID: 17603664 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-006-0445-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Semax had a pronounced neuroprotective and antiamnesic effect during focal photoinduced ischemia of the prefrontal cortex. Intranasal administration of Semax for 6 days decreased the volume of cortical infarction and improved retention and performance of conditioned passive avoidance response.
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Affiliation(s)
- G A Romanova
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
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