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Wei N, Hu C, Zhou S, Ma Q, Mikuška P, Večeřa Z, Gai Y, Lin X, Gu X, Zhao W, Fang B, Zhang W, Chen J, Liu F, Shan X, Sheng L. VUV photoionization aerosol mass spectrometric study on the iodine oxide particles formed from O 3-initiated photooxidation of diiodomethane (CH 2I 2). RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra11413c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
IOPs formed from O3-initiated photooxidation of CH2I2 were investigated based on the combination of a thermal desorption/tunable vacuum ultraviolet time-of-flight photoionization aerosol mass spectrometer with a flow reactor for the first time.
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Chevallier OP, Graham SF, Alonso E, Duffy C, Silke J, Campbell K, Botana LM, Elliott CT. New insights into the causes of human illness due to consumption of azaspiracid contaminated shellfish. Sci Rep 2015; 5:9818. [PMID: 25928256 PMCID: PMC4415421 DOI: 10.1038/srep09818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2014] [Accepted: 03/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Azaspiracid (AZA) poisoning was unknown until 1995 when shellfish harvested in Ireland caused illness manifesting by vomiting and diarrhoea. Further in vivo/vitro studies showed neurotoxicity linked with AZA exposure. However, the biological target of the toxin which will help explain such potent neurological activity is still unknown. A region of Irish coastline was selected and shellfish were sampled and tested for AZA using mass spectrometry. An outbreak was identified in 2010 and samples collected before and after the contamination episode were compared for their metabolite profile using high resolution mass spectrometry. Twenty eight ions were identified at higher concentration in the contaminated samples. Stringent bioinformatic analysis revealed putative identifications for seven compounds including, glutarylcarnitine, a glutaric acid metabolite. Glutaric acid, the parent compound linked with human neurological manifestations was subjected to toxicological investigations but was found to have no specific effect on the sodium channel (as was the case with AZA). However in combination, glutaric acid (1mM) and azaspiracid (50nM) inhibited the activity of the sodium channel by over 50%. Glutaric acid was subsequently detected in all shellfish employed in the study. For the first time a viable mechanism for how AZA manifests itself as a toxin is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- O P Chevallier
- Advanced Asset Technology Centre, Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, Stranmillis Road, Belfast, BT9 5AG, UK
| | - S F Graham
- Beaumont Research Institute, 3811 W Thirteen Mile Road, Royal Oak, MI, 48073
| | - E Alonso
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary, Campus Lugo, USC, 27002 Lugo, Spain
| | - C Duffy
- Marine Institute, Rinville, Oranmore, Co. Galway, Ireland
| | - J Silke
- Marine Institute, Rinville, Oranmore, Co. Galway, Ireland
| | - K Campbell
- Advanced Asset Technology Centre, Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, Stranmillis Road, Belfast, BT9 5AG, UK
| | - L M Botana
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary, Campus Lugo, USC, 27002 Lugo, Spain
| | - C T Elliott
- Advanced Asset Technology Centre, Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, Stranmillis Road, Belfast, BT9 5AG, UK
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Sakamoto Y, Yabushita A, Kawasaki M, Nakayama T, Matsumi Y. Optical Properties and Chemical Compositions of Iodine-Containing Aerosols Produced from the Atmospheric Photolysis of Methylene Iodide in the Presence of Ozone. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2009. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.82.910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Alam A, Shi JP, Harrison RM. Observations of new particle formation in urban air. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2001jd001417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aftab Alam
- Division of Environmental Health and Risk Management; University of Birmingham, Edgbaston; UK
| | - Ji Ping Shi
- Division of Environmental Health and Risk Management; University of Birmingham, Edgbaston; UK
| | - Roy M. Harrison
- Division of Environmental Health and Risk Management; University of Birmingham, Edgbaston; UK
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Jimenez JL. New particle formation from photooxidation of diiodomethane (CH2I2). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2002jd002452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Twohy CH, Clement CF, Gandrud BW, Weinheimer AJ, Campos TL, Baumgardner D, Brune WH, Faloona I, Sachse GW, Vay SA, Tan D. Deep convection as a source of new particles in the midlatitude upper troposphere. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1029/2001jd000323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia H. Twohy
- College of Oceanography; Oregon State University; Corvallis Oregon USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Darrel Baumgardner
- Centro de Ciencias de la Atmosfera; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; Mexico City Mexico
| | | | - Ian Faloona
- National Center for Atmospheric Research; Boulder Colorado USA
| | | | | | - David Tan
- Georgia Institute of Technology; Atlanta Georgia USA
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O'Dowd CD. A dedicated study of New Particle Formation and Fate in the Coastal Environment (PARFORCE): Overview of objectives and achievements. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1029/2001jd000555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Morgan RB. Measurements of gas-phase hydrogen peroxide and methyl hydroperoxide in the coastal environment during the PARFORCE project. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jd000257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Berresheim H. Gas-aerosol relationships of H2SO4, MSA, and OH: Observations in the coastal marine boundary layer at Mace Head, Ireland. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jd000229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Hillamo R, Kerminen VM, Aurela M, Mäkelä T, Maenhaut W, Leek C. Modal structure of chemical mass size distribution in the high Arctic aerosol. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1029/2001jd001119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Salisbury G, Rickard AR, Monks PS, Allan BJ, Bauguitte S, Penkett SA, Carslaw N, Lewis AC, Creasey DJ, Heard DE, Jacobs PJ, Lee JD. Production of peroxy radicals at night via reactions of ozone and the nitrate radical in the marine boundary layer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jd900754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Sartin J, Halsall C, Davison B, Owen S, Hewitt C. Determination of biogenic volatile organic compounds (C8–C16) in the coastal atmosphere at Mace Head, Ireland. Anal Chim Acta 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0003-2670(00)01214-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Dowd CDO. Biogenic coastal aerosol production and its influence on aerosol radiative properties. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jd900423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Coe H, Williams PI, McFiggans G, Gallagher MW, Beswick KM, Bower KN, Choularton TW. Behavior of ultrafine particles in continental and marine air masses at a rural site in the United Kingdom. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jd900234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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James JD, Harrison RM, Savage NH, Allen AG, Grenfell JL, Allan BJ, Plane JMC, Hewitt CN, Davison B, Robertson L. Quasi-Lagrangian investigation into dimethyl sulfide oxidation in maritime air using a combination of measurements and model. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jd900375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Harrison RM, Grenfell JL, Savage N, Allen A, Clemitshaw K, Penkett S, Hewitt CN, Davison B. Observations of new particle production in the atmosphere of a moderately polluted site in eastern England. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jd900086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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